US2372910A - Projecting system - Google Patents

Description

April 3, 1945.

v. E. PRATT PRbJEGTING SYS'TEMI Original Fi led JanL: 5, 1942 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 v INVENTOR VERNEURE'PRATT WW1 ATTQRN EYE April 3, 1945. v. E. PRATT 7 2,372,910

PROJEGTING SYSTEM Original Filed an. 3, 1942 'r Sheets- Sheet 2 v FIG. 4

lNVENTOR VERA/EUR E. PRA T7.

ATTORN EYS April 1945. v. E. PRATT PROJECTING SYSTEM 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 Original Filed Jan. 3, 1942 T mm mE MW V .BY

ATTORNEYS April 3, 1945.

Fig.3

V. E. PRATT PROJECTING SYSTEM Original Filed Jan. 3, 1942 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR YER/V500 E. PRATT ATTORNEYS April 3, 1945. v. EIPRATT 2,372,910

' PROJECTING SYSTEM Original Filed Jan.- 3, 1942 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR VEHNEUR E. F/mTr IALDQmmwQALJ ATTORN EY5 April 3, 1945. v, AT 2,372,910

PROJECTING SYSTEM Original Filed Jan. 3. 1942 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 SHUTTER FIG. 20

ELEVATOR ENLARGER IIIIIIIIII 4 m INVENTOR ham w ATTORNEY5 I VERNEURE.PRATT.

April 3, 1945.

Original Filed Jan. 3, 1942 V. E. PRATT PROJECTING SYSTEM 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 ATTORNEYS ngu eoisadetaiiviewoitheelevationindi- P oe s asms A I 7 2,372,910

U E S A ES PATENT OFFICE .rnomc'rmc srsrm Verne'nr E; Pratt, Nor-walk, Conn, alsignor to' Mlcrostat Corporation, a corppration of Delauriginal application January 3, 1942, Serial No.

- 425,528. Divided and thig'appiication July 1,'

194:, Serial No. 493,035 x .6 Claims; (cuss-24) Thepresent invention pertains to improve- Figure 9 is a detail plan view oi'the film gate, ments in combined camera-projectors and which indexing, registering and shutter. structure; is a division of Sr. No. 425,528 filed Jan. 3, 1942. Figure 101s a vertical detail 'view of the same An object of the invention is to provide impartially on the lines iB-il, Figure 9;

I proved means for recording drawings, maps, docu- ."Figure 11 is a detail view oi. the pressure plate ments and the like on photographic film, such as control cam, lever and plunger:

microfilm. I v Figure 12 is a detail view ofthe indexing cam,

Another object is to provide improved apparalever and plate;

the of the above nature including means to re- Figure 13 is a detail side'view of the camshaft produce the photographemdrawings, etc., by dlgear and cams; I

rect enlargement. I I I Figure Hisan enlarged detail rear view or the A further object is to provide an improved "indexing clutch mechanism in engaged or driving camera-projector-adapted to photograph data as position; I v noted vand to reproduce the same through the Figure 15 is a side view or the same;

same has with identical setting, whereby any pos- 16 I Figure 16 is a rear view or the same in released v slble aberration in. recording is automatically coror indexed position rected inreproductlon. I Figure 17 is a diagrammatlcillustration of the Another object is to provide a camera-projector I 'fllm reels and take-up drive; i I of'the above type having improved means to in- Figure 18 is a plant view of the shutter; dex, register and expose the fllm. 20 Figure-l9 is a detail side view 01' the same,

Another object is to provide a suitable object showing the driving gears; table platen and improved means to supp rt the Figure '20 is a detail view of-the main operasame and the camera in rigid mutual relationtionalcontrol panel and apparatus; ship, whereby possible vibrational flexings be- Figure 21 is a similar view of the main switchtween them are substantially eliminated and i1 ingandillumination control panel; any-vibration is present the table and camera l'igureflisa sectional detail view showing the I vibrate togetherasaunit. I disposal of the illumination control means;

A further obiect is to provid impr ved l u -I"lgure 23 illustrates theioot-switch for ti-ip- I minating means for the obiect table. ping the exposure motor; and I 1 Another object s to p de improved power Figure 24 is a wiring diagram of-the various andcontrol means by which elevation and lowerelectrical apparatus embodied in the i t o in ot the camera, adjustment or the lens focus, Referring-to Figures 1, 2and 3, a still trianguactuation or the indexer and shutter, and the varlar irame 8|, preferably 01 welded steel construcious otheroperational functions, are r d y artion, is mounted on supporting legs, ll, 32 and it; ried out by remote control from aslnz perator's :6 a platen or table a n adjustably 'sec ured w the station. I top oithe frame 3|. Two auxiliary supporting Other objects and advantages of the invention columns "and I, provided with heavy bases I! will becom v d n 1 1 8 the course offlle 1 and'il, are disposed under the tront'corners or lowing description, in connec ion with he M- the table 24. Suitable clearance is normally procompanving drawings, in which l 40 vided between the upper ends." or these columns Figure 1 is arront elevation of a preferred i'orxn and the table as shown in Figure 22.

oitheinvention: Rigl y secured in the rear ot'the frame}! I Figure 2 is a side elevation of the some; is a vertical tubular column ll on which is slid- FlgureSisapIanviewoIthesame; 4 'ably mounted a bracket or .4 Th

I Figure 4 is 'a perspective detail view of the ck l arr e a nl flyt e -Droi eotor camera-projector and its moimting: en lly denoted y' e numeral Figure' 5 is averticalside view ofthe camerabeing shown in enlarged perspectlvegini, proiector andrelated apparatuspartlqinsection; 1 and n detail ongitudinal in errin'g-to Figure 5, the camera-projector viewoitheexpoeuremotor hl-i'ama nbaseorbedplate 43. Astepped "33 w v sleeve 4 is aecured in the front end, mm flh camandswitch thebaaeflandhasrotahblymountedtherein,

oi g aoecondsieevo llonthelowerendotwhich ioroonn'oilinfiopenshutterwarning s u a A WW A suitable lens assembly E9, having a lever 53 for adjustment of the usual iris diaphragm (not shown), is mounted in the barrel ill.

A reversible motor mounted on the bottom of the camera lease :33, has on its shall 55 a worm as meshing with the gear ring as shown in lilf Figure i. A flexible shaft 5'1 connects the end of the motor share so to a revolution counter 58 so disposed that its counter numerals so are in direct view irom the irons oi the apparatus.

From the foregoing description it will be evi= 35 dens that when the motor E l is operated the Worm revolves the sear ring so and with it the sleeve Ellie barrel l'l being threaded in sleeve d5 bue restrained from rotation by the stationary key lid, relation of sleeve feeds llie barrel and with ii; the lens assembly 52 upward or downward depending on the direction of rotation oi the motor 56. Thus the motor id is adapted so adjust the focus of the lens assembly $52, each revolution of the motor changing the lens posilion by a definite small increment pre-deterroihed by the lead of the thread 63% and the reducing ratio of the worm and gear illl; for example, an increment of W925 inch. As each revolution of the motor, and conw sequent increment or roousing movement is plainly registered by the coun%: 58, the setting oi the latters numerals so at any time presents anexact indication of the lens position, so that by control of the motor 515 any given lens position may be accurately made or reproduced, the comparatively large numerals so being plainly vislble at a=dlstance from the device.

Removably disposed in the central portion so assembly :33 lhrcugh an extension shai 1 w asraero a jaw coupling The extension shaft rles two cams and 233, shown in detail in o'lgures 7 and 8, these cams being adapted to re spectively control switches and 35 for purposes hereinafter set forth. Rubber vibration dampers l'la are provided in the mount-ins oi motor ll.

The column is provided with a longitudinal key 85 fitting in the rear portion or" the can riage ll, thereby preventing any swin ing motion of the carriage and camera-projector about the column.

A reversible motor 8i, mounted under the frame Sil, is provided with a worm-gear speed reducer 38 carrying on its output shaft 89 a sprocket so. A roller chain ill is secured to the upper portion of the carriage ll and extends upward therefrom and over an-idler sprocket on the lop or the column lil, thence downward llunugh the interior of the :COlllZllfl and around a second idler sprocket 93 to the drive sprocket 9B, and thence via a third idler sprocket to turnbuckle secured to the bottom or he car riage ll, l

When the motor '3? is operated to drive the chain 93 the carriage and camera-projector assembly is raised or lowered along the column lil, and as the worm smed reducer 88 is of the irreversible drive .type the latter acts as a lock to hold the carriage at any point oi elevation when the motor is stopped. The turn-buckle 95 is operable to take u any slack in the chain.

Arheavy weight 95 is secured to the chain 8i :35 inside the column or to serve as a counterbalance 'to the chain 9!! at 9? just below the turn-buckle oi the camera-projector 62 is a nlm-connol and 40 so, the tape extending downward in front of the shutter sub-assembly 6i,- shown in detail in Figures e to 19, and to be presently described.

A lamp housing $2 is horizontally pivoted at so and normally engages .the to of the central portion ed in light-tight relationship. A con- 4 densing lens system so is secured in the bottom of the housing or in optical aunt with the projection or photographic lens 52. A lamp as is mounted in" a socket so in the rear end of the housing 52. An inclined mirror fi l is adjustmy ably secured to the upper front, wall so of'the housing in position to direct lightirom the lamp as to the condensing lens system as, thence through the sub-assembly 6i and projection lens 52. Ventilation for the lamp .65 is provided by 55 a pipe 69 le up through the bottom of the housing E2 and suitable openings ll in the rear thereof. J

Alight shield or hood ll is pivoted at" l2 to the carriage on, the front upper end 718 of the hood normally over lamp ho 52. A rod M is horizontally plv-. oted at 715 to the rear of the housing 52, while the rear end oi the rod engages a socket re secured to the Coach oi the hood ll.

When the hill is upward and rearwardly on its pivots to allow access lo the sub=assembly as meter set forth, the rod l5 swings rise hood-ll upwardly as illus= treated in sec. and dash rues, Figu -5, lime o vi amnle clearance between lop oil-he loo and she hood.

A motor ll having a suitable speed-redrawn; gear head ll; is mounted in the base 33 and is adapted a drive seamen-ire lei she son so the rear top of the g9 chain through a slot 98 in the table 3 3. and to a. spring actuated retracting reel 99 of any suitable type secured under the table.

As the mechanisms of such reels are well known and form per so no part of the present invention, no further description is required herein. It'is evident, however, that as the carriage is moved up or down the tape 96 unreels or re-reels through the slot 98 and the figures Nil (see also Figure 6) ,thereon serve as a visual indication of thehelght of the camera-projector above the table 86 as illustrated in Figure 6.

A pair of film housings or magazines Ifll and ass (Figure 4) are attached respectively to the left and right sides of the middle portion 680i 7 the camera-projector 32. The magazines H? land W2 are provided with detachable front closures W3 and EM, and contain suitable film reels- W5 and ms, shown diagrammatically in Figure 17 and pted to carry a lm ill.- threaded between them through the control and. shutter sub assembly Bl. J

Referring to Figures 9 and 10, it will be seen that the sub-assembly G5 has a casing we pro-.

vided with horizontal side slots are and Bill through which the film nor is threaded as noted above. The film overlies a gate or circular mash Ml secured in a horizontal partition M2 in the 8% in the parliders W2 as shown in detail in Figure ii. the plunger Hi9 looms urged upward of the driving member.

by a spring I2I. A fulcrum block-I22 has therein a slot I23 in which the shank H8 is retained by means of a normally retractible pin I24. The lower end of the plunger H9 is slotted and has therein a cross pin I25 supporting the end of a lever I26 which is fulcrumed on a stationary pivot pin I21. A cam I28 on the drive shaft 18 engages and is adapted to rock the lever I25 downward.

Normally the upward pressure of the spring I 2 I acting through the plunger I I9, holds the shank IE8 of yoke III against the retractible pin E24, the latter acting as a fulcrum and causing the trunnioned pressure plate H3 to press the film It] downward against the gate III. The trun nions H and H5, the free sliding and rocking permitted the shank H8 in the fulcrum slot I23, and the loose pivoting of the shank to the plunger H9, allow the pressure plate H3 to float into firm and even engagement throughout the entire underlying portion of the film I01, thus assuring accurate flatness of the latter across the gate III.

When the cam I28 rocks the-lever I26 downward during the operation of the device as hereinafter described, the plunger H9 is drawn downward against the pressure of spring I2I.- The shank H8 engages the curved bottom I231: of the slot I23 which acts asafulcrum, causing the pressure plate II 3 to be raised out of engagement with the film I01.

'A second shaft I29, journalled in the casing I 08 and hereinafter referred to as the sprocket shaft, has rotatably mounted thereon a sprocket spool I30, the latter having the usual teeth I3I engaging the perforations I32 of the film I91. A grooved shoe I33 underlies the sprocket I30 and keeps the film at all times in proper engagement with the sprocket teeth.

A horizontal drive pin I34 is secured in the rear end of the sprocket spool I30. An annular driving member I35, slidably mounted on the shaft I29, has a series of index holes I36 corresponding in number and circumferential spacing to the sprocket teeth I3I, each hole being adapted to engage the pin I34 as shown in Figure 9. When so positioned the driving member 535 is held pressed in the described driv ng engagement with the pin 534 by a compression spring W5. A pin I38 in the shaft I22 engages a longitudina slot 39 in the member I35, allowing the latter to he slid longitudinally on the shaft but nor against the pressure of spring III the front or the slot I39 encounters the pin where upon the member I35 is turned to hook the pin I138 in the circumferential extension Ito of the slot and thereby prevent forward sliding return 133 this operation the driving member I35 is withdrawn from and locked out of engagement with the pin I34, ieaving the sprocket-free to be manually revolved on. the shaft its. When manual adjustment is completed, the member I35 is returned to engagement with the sprocket hub by the reverse of the releasing operation described, the pin I34 entering any chosen hole I36 and assuming an accurately index setting.

The spring I3! is backed by the hub I4I of a clutch plate I42, the huh I being pinned to the ill Iii)

sprocket shaft I29. To the rear of the plate I62 is a ratchet I43 having a hub I44 carrying a spur pinion I45 (Figures 9 and 15), the ratchet and gear combination being rotatably mounted on the shaft I29.

The pinion- I45 meshes with an idler gear I46 which in turn meshes with a gear I4'I secured to the drive shaft T9, the drive ratio in the present embodiment being one to two, i. e., one revolution of the drive shaft if: drives the ratchet I43 through two revolutions. The gear I4'I carries on its rear side the cam I28 as shown in detail in Figure 13. The gear also carries on its front side a second cam I58, the purpose of which will shortly be explained.

The clutch plate I 52 has in its periphery two oppositely spaced notches I49 and I50, (Figures 14; l5, l6 and 12), adapted to receive a detent I5I on the end of a lever I52pivoted on the pin I21, (Figure 12).

A horizontal arm I53 of the lever I52 engages the second cam- I48. A tension spring I54 urges the arm I53 upward to hold the detent I5I in engagement with the plate I42 except when the detent is withdrawn by action of the cam I48 as hereinafter set forth.

A pawl I55 is pivoted at J56 to the rear face of the plate I42 and is adapted to be rocked into engagement with the ratchet I43 by a spring I5! (Figures 14 and 16). The rear end I58 of the pawl I55 is disposed alongside the notch I49,

so that when the detent [5i occupies the notch I49 as shown in. Figure 16, it holds the pawl I55 out of engagement with the ratchet I43.

An arcuate link I59 is articulated at I68 to the pawl I55, and at IBI to a short second link I62 which is pivotally mounted at I63 on the plate M2. The joint I5I between Links I59 and IE2 is disposed beside the notch I50, so that when the detent I5I enters the notch 59 it presses the joined ends of the links inward, causing the links to operate as a toggle to force the pawl I 55 out of engagement with the ratchet I53. Thus it will he seen that engagement of the detent I5I'with either notch IE8 or releases the pawl i'55 from the ratchet, while the detent, urged into the notch by the tension spring (Figure 12), stops and holds the plate I42 in a predetermined position, the ratchet 322 continuing to revolve on the shaft .hs the plate M2 is normally connected to the sprocket via the shaft [25 and driving memas previously described, the sprocket Ho and film IEI'I are thereby held accurately in index position. as long as the detent til remains in one of the notches III. or IE0.

Once during each rotation of the drive shaft (Figure 12), the cam depresses the lever thus withdrawing the detent fol from whichever notch it has previously engaged, allowing the pawl I55 to engage the rotating ratchet and thereby drive the plate [52' and sprocket I 'l "Jhen the comparatively narrow lobe 43m of the can- [8 releases the lever arm the detent IEI rides on the oeriphery of the plate I42 until the succeeding notch or IE0 moves into registry with the detent, when the latter again is forced into the notch by the spring 554 to again release the pawl 555 and stop the plate and sprocket as previously described.

Fromthe foregoing, it is evident that once during each revolution of the drive shaft 59, the plate I42 and sprocket 530 are driven exactly one-half revolution and the film I0! is consequently mowed an index distance "corresponding to one-half the pitch circumference of the sprocket I30, this distance equalling one frame spacing of the film; Since the ratchet I43 is driven at double the rotative speed of the drive shaft 19, as previously set forth, it is also evident that the movement of the film takes place during one-quarter revolution of the drive shaft I9.

The cam I28 (Figure 11) has a comparatively wide lobe I28awhich forcesthe lever I25 downward just prior to release of the detent I 5! from its engaged notch and holds the lever I25 depressed during the described half-revolution of the sprocket I30.

By this means the pressure plate I I3 (Figures 9 and 10) is raised and held clear of the film I? while the latter is moved. In Figure 10, it will be observed that while released by the pressure plate II3, the film I0] is guided by the shoe I33 and a roller I84,the latter being disposed in the lefthand magazine I0I1near the reel I as shown diagrammatically in Figure 1'7. The heights of the shoe I38 and roller I84 are such that when released as noted, the film I07 clears the gate III. By this means the film is kept out of sliding contact with the gate during its movement, thus avoiding any possible abrasion.

A pulley I55 on the end of the sprocket shaft I29 (Figure 9) drives a spring friction belt I66 which in turn engages a second pulley I61, confnected to the film reel I08 as shown diagrammatically in Figure 17, thus providing a yielding or slip take-up drive for the reel I06. I

A disk shutter I68 (Figures l0, l8 and 19) is rotatably mounted on the bottom plate I89 of the sub-assembly casing '98, and is adapted 'to be driven at one-to-one ratio from the drive shaft I9 via mitre gears I19 and Ill. The shutter I58 normally overlies and .closes ofi a light opening H2 in the bottom plate I69 above the lens 52 and in optical alignment with the film gate II I.

By this means the shutter normally prevents passage of light between the lens and film. The

' shutter I68 has a cut-outportion or notch I73 extending throughout 90 degrees of arc in the embodiment illustrated.

During rotation of the shutter at constant I speed, the passage of t e notch I73 over the opening permits the passageof light from the lens to'tlie film for a-pre-determined exposure time, as hereinafter set forth. The gearing of the shutter to the shaft 9, of course is so arranged that the exposure takes place whilthe film I0? is stationary and held fiat by the pr sure plate vided with a trip or release button lfi l.

The panel I16 has mounted thereon two toggle switches I85 and I89. Mounted on the post or standard behind the panel HE is a variable voltage transformer I87 having a rotary control shaft I88. The shaft I89 extends outward through an enlarged hole I89 in the panel I16 so as not to touch the latter, and is provided with an operating handle I99 in front of the panel.

Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, a pair of brackets I9I and I92, secured to the rear portion of the frame 30 and extending angularly outward and upward therefrom, have forwardly-extending horizontal portions I93, each carrying a plurality of incandescent lights I952. The lights I94 are directed downwardly and inwardly so as to provide even illumination throughout the entire upper area of the table 34, while at the same time the angles of illumination are such that no direct reflection of light can enter the lens of the camera 92.

A pair of normally closed limit switches I95 and I96 (Figure 5) are mounted in the rear portion of the carriage 4i. These switches, which are preferably of the type known as micro-.

switches, are provided with operating lever rollers I91 and I98 adapted to engage and be actuated by 'abutments I99 and 208 respectively secured to the upper and lower rear extremities of the column key 88. p

A momentary contact foot switch 20I (Figures 1, 2, 3 and 23) is movably disposed under the table 34 and is provided with a flexible cable 202 connecting it to the main apparatus in the electrical manner hereinafter explained in connection with the wiring diagram (Figure 24). A small signal light 203, preferably equipped with a red bulb, is mounted at the rear of the table 39.

Referring to the typical wiring diagram (Figure 24) the- numerals 204 and 205 designate the conductors of a suitable source of A. C. current supply, leading into the main or line switch I85, thence to distributing conductors 206 and'20l.

Branches 208 and 209 lead to manual switch I85, hereinafter termed the light switch. From the output poles of the switch I85 wires 2H! and and 2 are connected to the variable transwhen the'switches I86 and I81 are closed, the

lamps I94 draw current and are illuminated, the voltage and consequently the intensity of the illumination being adjustable by means of the variable transformer I811.

, The reversing switch I79 is of the three-pole double throw construction with a central oif position. The switch has upper and lower con,- tact points 2H3, 2M, 2I5 and 2E8, 2H, as, re= spectively adapted to be alternately engaged by poles 2I9, 220 and 22I, poles M9 and 229 being electrically joined together. Gontacts 2M and 2 I5 are respectively cross connected in the usual manner with contacts H1 and M3 for reversing the current direction through field connectors 222 and 223 leading to the elevating motor 971. Poles 220 and 22I have leads 22d and 225 com prising armature connections-to the motor 8?. Pole 22I is also connected via the normally open push-button switch I8! with the distributing conductor 206. Poles 2I3and 2H3 are connected to the second conductor 20? respectively via the normally closed limit switches I and I98.

When the switch I19 is thrown to upper position and the push-button switch IBI is closed, the connection from conductor 296 is completed via switch I8I, pole 22I, .torthe motor armature lead 225, also via pole 22I and contact 2I5 t0 the field lead 223. At the samemtime current fiows from the conductor 20'! via limit switch I95,

- contact 2I3 and pole 2I9 to the pole 220, thence.

to the second armature lead 224, and via contact 2 to the second field lead 222. By this versed, causing the motor 81 to revolve in the reverse direction and lower the carriage ll.

If during upward driving operation of the motor 81 the limit switch I86 is opened, the described supply from conductor 201 is broken, causing the motor 81 to stop. Thereafter, current can be restored only by throwing the switch downward to complete the connection through the second or lower limit switch I98, whereupon closure of the button switch I8I again energizes the motor in the downward driving direction.

1 Similarly, if the lower limit i536 switch is opened to stop the motor, the latter can only be energized after throwing the switch I19 to upward driving position.

By the above described means, it will be seen that engagement of either limit switch with its operating abutment I99 or 200 stops the progress of the carriage II, but the latter may be thereafter moved away from the extreme or limit position after reversing the switch 110.

Returning to Figure 24, a branch lead 228 connect one side of the projection lamp 85 with the distributing conductor, while the other side of the lamp is adapted to be connected via a lead 221, the time switch 83, and a second lead 228 to the second distributing conductor 201. The manual switch I18 (Figure 20) is shunted across the time switch I83 by means of wires 228 and 238. Thus when switch I18 is closed, the lamp 65 remains energized irrespective of the time switch I83.

The time switch I83 is preferably of the well known electrically actuated type, a branch 225* bein provided to supply a current connection from 206 to the actuating mechanism under control of the button I81. The shutter motor 11 is connected on one side via a lead 231 to the conductor 206. A wire 23!, from the second side of the motor 11, is connected to the normally open cam switch 84 (Figures 5 and 7) thence via lead 235, the toggle switch I11 (Figure and a lead 238 to the conductor 201. Also, from the other or second side of the motor 11, a wire 232 is connected to the normally open footswitch 20!,

. which latter is in turn connected via lead 233 to the lead 235.

From the above connections, it is evident that the motor 11 may be energized through either one of two parallel circuit-closing means-that is via the foot-switch 20I or via the cam switch 84 and manual switch I11, which latter is normally kept closed during photographing operation. The cam 82, as previously set forth, is secured on the low-speed geared output shaft 80 of the motor 11. The contour of the cam 82 is such that it allows the switch 84 to remain open only in normal or stop position as shown.

When the foot-switch MI is momentarily closed to start the motor 11, the in tial movement of the cam 82 also closes the switch 84 and holds it closed after opening of the foot switch, thus keeping. the motor energized and causing it to drive the shaft 80 through one complete revolution, whereupon the cam 82 again allows the switch 84 to break the circuit and stop the motor 11,

dent that no holding circuit can be established by the cam switch 84, and the motor 11 remains solely under control of the switch I11.

The second cam-switch85 (Figures 5 and 8) is connected in series with the signal lamp 203 across the conductors 208 and 201 via wires 231, 238 and 239 (Figure 24). The cam 83, also mounted on the shaft as previously set forth, is of such contour as to close the switch and thereby cause the signal light 203 to lightv up during that portion of the revolution of shaft 80 when the previously described shutter I68 is open.

The focusing motor 54 is connected through the reversing switch I80 with the conductors 208 and 201, the normally open push-button switch I82 being interposed in the circuit connection from conductor 285. ing of such reversing switches are well known and have previously been described in connection with elevating motor 81, further detailed description thereof is believed unnecessary repetition herein; it is evident that throwing the switch I80 to upper or lower position conditions the motor circuit for operation of the motor in either desired direction under control of the push-button switch I82,

The operation is as follows:

Photography When it is desired torecord images of docu ments, maps, drawings, or the like, the operator first places a frame of developed film in position on the film-gate I I I under the pressure plate I I3, the housing 82 having been previously swungupwardand open on its pivots 83 to allow access to the interior of the sub-assembly B I While the housing is open, the spring-pressed fulcrum pin 12!, Figures 9 and 10, may be withdrawn to the left, releasing the shank II8 so that the pressure plate 113 may be swung upward clear of the film 101 and gate ill to facilitate positioning the film. This process is then reversed. The housing 152 is closed down, and the enlarger switch I18 is closed, thereby turning on the projection lamp 55. The operator next depresses the footswitch 201, starting the shutter control motor 11 and allowing the latter to run under control of the cam-switch 84 until the shutter reaches wide-open position. At this point the manual switch I11 is opened to stop the motor 11, leaving the shutter in open position, the pressure plate having meanwhile been lowered into engagement with the film by the spring l2I, Figure 11.

The shutter I58 being open, light passes from the lamp 65 to the inclined mirror 61, thence downward through the condensing lens system 88, the shutter sub-asembly 8i and the film therein, and the lens 52, an image of the developed film frame being projected on the table 34 or on a sheet of material spread thereon. The

' operator then manipulates the elevator switch I18 and push-button I8I to lower or raise the carriage and camera-projector by means of the motor 81 until the projected image covers the desired area. The operator similarly manipulates As the operation and wirand focus adjustments may be made with the image projected directly on the sheet to be photographed or on a suitable blank sheet ofproper size.

The document, drawing, or the like, having been secured to the table 34 by any suitable means such as tacks, tape, or weighted retainers, and the previously described fieldandfocus adjustments having been made, the lamp 65 is extinguished by opening the switch I18 and the shutter switch I1! is closed, the latter causing the motor 11 to be energized through the camswitch 84 as previously described. The motor I1 runs until the cam 82 opens the switch 84 in normal position as shown in Figure 7, thereby closing the shutter. The operator replaces the developed film with unexposed film, threading the latter from the reel I05, through the control sub-assembly 6|, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, and to the take-up reel I06; the housing 62 is again lowered into closed position to exclude light.

It will be understood the above described preparatory field and focus setting need be performed only once, at the beginning of a series of photographic recordings of similar size.

To photograph the document spread on the table 34 the lights I 94 are turned on by closing the-switch I85 and if required the intensity of illumination is adjusted by means of the variable transformer I 81, either to a predetermined setting of the handle I 90 or by use of any suitable light meter. closes the foot-switch 2M to start the shutter motor 7.1. the cam-switch 8t thereafter causing the motor to drive the shaft 8d untilone complete revolution is completed as previously set forth.

During the single revolution noted, the notch or opening in of the shutter I58 traverses the optical path between the lens 52 and the film I M, allowing the lensto cast an illuminated image of the document on the film during a predetermined length of time to effect the exposure. During the remainder of the revolution of shaft 8!! after closure of the shutter, the cams its and 548 respectively raise the pressure plate H3 from the film I! and disengage the detent I 5i from the notch M9 or I59, thereby causing the sprocket ISO to move the film forward one frame in the manner previously explained. The single revolution of the shaft 80, Figure 5, thus effects the exposure and conditions the apparatus for the next exposure. The operator removes the first document or other subject photographed from the table 34, places the second in the same position,

and again depresses the foot-switch 2! to photograph the second subject, and proceeds in the manner described to record the desired series of subjects on successive frames of the film IEI'II.

As noted previously, an entire series of subjects may be photographed after a single initial setting of-the field and focus. However, once a certain desired field and focus setting have been arrived at for a given size of subject, no initial projection is necessary thereafter in order to arrive at this'setting for later recordings, due to the provision of the height scale 96, Figures 5 and 6, and the counter or register 58, Figure 4. When the operator has initially arrived at the proper field and focal settings as described, he may observe and note down the readings of the scale 98 and counter 58, the figures of both being readily visible from theoperating position in front of the table. Thereafter, when it is desired to photograph further subjects of the size or series noted,

The operator then momentarily or to reproduce the subjects by projection as hereinafter described, it is only necessary to operate the elevating and focusing switching means until the previously noted height and focal read- 8 ings appear on the scale 98 and counter 59. Similarly, subjects of difierent areas may be photo-. graphed in series without intermediate test setting or focusing, simply by manipulating the elevating and focusing controls to bring the scale 10 and counter readings to previously determined proper figures for the various sized subjects. In case of series photographing of widely differing fields or areas, and consequent lens distances, it may also be desirable to vary the intensity of the illumination by manipulation of the transformer control handle I90 as previously described.

It will be noted that all the foregoing operations may be effected by the user from a, single position in front of the table 34, the normal functions of setting camera height, setting th focus, setting the illumination, making the exposure,

and resetting the film being carried out by remote control from the panels H5 andi'lfi. Even the manualoperation of changing or adjusting the film It? in the camera may be carried out from the same position, since the camera may be lowered to extreme bottom position directly in front of the operator, the proper original height being afterward restored, as previously noted, from the scale 95. Itis obvious that provision of the described complete remote. control from a single position adapts the device to rapid and easy operation with a minimum of fatigue for the user.

Reproduction When it is desired to reproduce previously photographed subjects, the developed film carrying the images is threaded into the camera- .w projector 82 in the manner previously described for insertion of raw film. The projection lamp indicating figures previously noted at the time of photographing the particular subject to be reproduced. The time switch, I83, having been set for the desired period of exposure, the switch'I'IB is opened to extinguish the lamp .65 and a suitable sheet of sensitized paper or the like is secured in proper position on the table 35.,

The time switch I83 is tripped by means of its button I 84, the switch closing and remaining closed for the predetermined time in the usual manner of such switches. The lamp is thereby illuminated during the pre-determined period, during which period the enlarged image from the film iil'i is projected on the sensitized sheet. When the time-switch I 83 has again extinguished the lamp 65 the sensitized sheet is removed for development and/or fixing in the usual manner. In case a succeeding image on the film strip is to 65 be reproduced, switches I71 and ZIII are operated 7 until the shutter motor TI has closed and again reopened the shutter I68, during which operation the film has been advanced one frame in the manner previously described, after which a second sensitized sheet is placed in position and the second projection exposure made as set forth.

In case it is desired to make more than one print from the same film frame, the operator .simply changes the sensitized sheets and effects the exposures by repeated trippings of the time switch I83 without intermediate closings of the shutter 56B.

All the described reproducing operations are carried out from the single operating position, and except of course for changing the sensitized paper, ail are done by remote control. with the same advantages of speed, ease, and precision noted with respect to recording.

While the apparatus is adapted to reproduction in the precise original size, it is obvious that enlargement or reduction in the reproduction may readily be made by proper setting of cameraprojector height and focus.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the invention makes possible the photographic recording and reproduction with maximum rapidity, precision and accuracy, guesswork being eliminated. The accuracy is augmented by the fact that reproduction takes place by projection through the same lens, and if desired. with the identical setting used in the original photographic recording. Thus any defects, such as optical aberration or blurs impressed on the film for any reason, even such as slight optical defects in the lens. are automatically cancelled out and corrected by reversal in the projection through the same lens; the results are thus uniformly sharp reproductions of the originals.

The rigid attachment of the column 4!] and the table 3! to the heavy triangular frame 30, supported on the three legs 31, 32 and 33, promotes accuracy by preventing vibratory variation between the camera-projector and table; even in the presence of considerable exterior vibration. the entire assembly tends to vibrate together without loss of alignment. The standards or posts 35 and 38 normally do not engage the table 34 as previously noted, but they are adapted to engage and support it in case of heavy downward pressure tending to tip or bend the table. As the transformer I8! is mounted on the standard 35 and neither the shaft I88 nor handle I90 touches the panel I18, the handle I90 may be manipulated to vary the illumination from the lamps l 94 even during exposure without any chance of transmitting vibration to the table or related apparatus.

The shelf or bed-plate 43 is constructed with a minimum proportion of its weight near the column 40 and a maximum amount of weight at its front end, in addition to the weight of the camera parts themselves. Similarly, the camera parts are constructed with comparatively heavy design and of heavy materials such as bronze. The purpose and result of the described proportioning and large concentration of weight at the outer end of the camera support is to produce a downward cantilever eifect which causes a heavy clamping action of the carriage 4| on the column 40 even though the carriage is not fastened to the column; this clamping action further promotes the rigid transmission of vibrations from the camera through the column 40 to the table 34 or vice versa, so that these elements vibrate in unison without misalignment, as noted above.

A convenience outlet 240, connected to the conductors 206 and 201, Figure 24, may be provided at any suitable location on the device, for sup-' plying current to any auxiliary electrical apparatus, such as extension lights or the like, which it may be desired to use in connection with the apparatus.

changes may be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a camera projector, in combination, a screen, a casing adapted to be set a predetermined distance from said screen, a photographic and projection lens in said casing. a film-gate on said casing, a shutter adapted to open and close the optical path through said lens and film-gate, a closed housing pivotally supported on said casing, a hood mounted on said casing whereby said housing may be swung from an operative position in line with said film-gate and lens to an inoperative position within said hood, a distance rod operatively connected to said housing and I to said hood for causing said hood to assume one position when said housing is in cooperative relation with said film-gate and for causing said hood to assume another-position when said housing is moved to the inoperative position, said housing including a condensing lens in one wall of said housing and positioned above said filmgate when said housing is in a position for projection, an inclined mirror supported on a wall above said condensing lens, and a lamp in horizontal alignment with the axis of said mirror whereby light from said lamp may be reflected downwardly to said condensing lens and filmgate.

2. In a camera projector, in combination, a casing, a photographic and projection lens in said casing, a film-gate in said casing having its aperture in optical alignment with said lens, a shutter adapted to close the optical path through said lens and film-gate, a lamp house having a base pivotally connected to one side of said casing and adapted to be positioned in light tight relation with said casing, a condensing lens in said base in alignment with said optical path when said base is in contact with said casing, a lamp mounted on said base and spaced apart from said optical path, a mirror adjustably supported in said lamp house angular with respect to said optical path and having a mid-portion thereof coinciding with said optical path and at the same time coinciding with a bundle of light rays from'said lamp, said lamp house, together with said condensing lens, said lamp and said mirror therein, being adapted to be bodily swung upwardly and away from said film-gate, an open ended hood pivotally mounted on said casing, linkages between said hood and said lamp house whereby the open end of said hood is caused to partially embrace said lamp house when the same is in position for projection and adapted to engage a. different portion of said lamp house when the latter is moved to a nonoperative position.

v 3. In a camera projector, in combination, a support, a casing on said support, a photographic projection lens on said casing having its optical axis vertical, a film-gate in said casing above and having its aperture in optical alignment with said lens, a shutter cutting said optical axis, a lamp house having a base pivotally connected to one side of said casing and adapted to be positioned on said casing in light tight relation therewith, a condensing lens mounted on saidbase and having its axis coinciding with said optical axis when said base is positioned on said casing, a lamp carried on said base and spaced apart from said optical axis, a mirror adjustably supported on a wall of said lamp house and having its midportion coinciding with said optical axis and at the same time coinciding with the center of illumination of said lamp, a hood pivotally connected to said support and adapted to at least partially embrace said lamp house when said base is in contact with said casing, and a link member having one end pivotally connected to said hood and the other end pivotally connected to said lamp house, thereby causing said hood to raise when said lamp house is bodily swung on its pivotal connections to uncover the upper end of said casing.

i. The invention according to claim 3, in which said lamp house is generally cubical in form with the exception that one side is beveled and consti tutes the side adjustably supporting said mirror.

on said casing in light tight relation therewith, a

condensing lens mounted on said base and having its axis coinciding with said optical axis when said base is positioned on said casinsg a lamp carried on. said base and spaced apart from said optical axis, said lamp house also including a vertical end adjacent to said lamp, two verticai sides joining said vertical end, an upper surface joining said sides and end, and a second end a portion or which is vertical and a portion of which is angular with respect to both ends and joining said upper suriace, a mirror adjustablv supported on the angular portion of said lastmentioned end wall, said mirror having its midportion coinciding with its optical axis and at the same time coinciding with the center of illumination of said lamp, a hood pivotally connected to said support and adapted to at least partially embrace said lamp house when said base is in contact with said casing, and a link member having one end pivotally connected to said hood and the other end pivotally connected to said I lamp house, thereby causing said hood to raise when said lamp house is bodily swung on its pivotal connections to uncover the upper end of said casing.

6. The invention according to claim 5, in which a tubular pipe is mounted in the base of said lamp house and has its upper end terminating at a point adjacent to said lamp and in which venti= lating holes are formed in the first-mentioned end or said lamp house adjacent to the top thereof for cooling said lamp house.

WNEUR E. PRATT.

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