US2369995A - Fuel economizer - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 2o, 1945. v. ARNOLD 2,369,995

FUEL ECONOMI ZER Filed NOV. 28. 1941 il 4f Mw.

Patented Feb. 20, 1945 U N I TED S;Tii'lllf` PATENT., Q FE IC 2,369,995 *l FUEL ECONGMIZER,

Victor EiAr'nold, Westmont, A'N."'J.

Application-NovemberzZS, 1941, Serial No.l 4205872 ,'CIainis..p. Cl. 110--97 My invention relates to furnace insert material'.l

by which is conserved the heatvfrom intermittent operation of anvoil burningfor gas burningy flame..

One of the'fpurposesofftheinventionis to build' up a conical structure spacedfrorrr thel inner furnace. wall, using super-imposed 'grate-'like' disc i baffles' and"spacers'-thefpassages `in leach baffle being in `rline with metal ofthe baille above, successively.

A- vfurtherpurpose' :is provide a composite@ conical grate-likebale structure within the come:v bustion chamber ofthe furn'ace-iniwhichroilor f gas fuel is used and lwhich'fis* spaced one` bafei above another and separated fromtheside'walls of the combustion chamber, the-cone converging' from the bottom upwardly."

A further purpose sto build up a conicaltpile of grate-Eke disc material. comprising "successive baffles spaced'fromi the inside f lthe combustion.:l chamber, and from'feachzother; and havingjtliei bale ribs orfother` solid structure of each'cdisceirr4 linewith passages withinthe, disc nextbelowf A further purpose is' to'formfa heatvreceiving '1 and conserving element Withinfafurnace :being converted from a'coalnburningtooil :or gasvburnf ing construction which :isi :divided into half f sec-f tions in orderv that it' may 'be-possible .toget the sections in lwith a :minimum ofi-difficulty.:

Further purposes :will appear-:in x'the -specica-1.

tionsand in the claims;

Figure 1 is a -sideelevation Apartly broken-awaysV to show the construction of a furnace embodyingrJ the invention.

Figures 2, y3, 4, -5, 6 and 7 are'top p'lanfviewsof'` the various discs seenin Figure 1.1-

Figures '8, 9,- 10 andll 'are' perspective'iviewsf.; showing spacing blocks intended to' support 'suoi-f cessive grate-like heat distributing and receiving.v Figure 11 includes-also an inver-tedvewof discs. a cooperating part.W

Figure 12 is a fragmentary 'section of aportion-1 ofthe ring inrFigurefl.,

Figure-13 isfa section takenaullionrlineJ gl3-f-t3 v in Figure 12, eXceptthat `it: showsa single-grate bar only.

Figure 14 is a .fragmentary schematic viewcorresponding ,to asectio-ncf .Figure 2 :taken upon line I 4- I 4, but showingitwo bales;

Figure' 15 is top plan View ofa'modication, corresponding ito the formshown in FigureJY.;

Inethe vdrawing-similar numerals 'indicate like I parts.

It is commonto replace a coal-supportinggrate by brckor other struc-ture upony which theA nozzle of an oil or `gas burning heater bearsin the intere mittent operation of a furnacefandfthese substie. tute constructions take,2 a ,'variety of diilerentfI forms;

The' present invention builds up 'a heat, cone;

serving unit forming an reconomizerfand Yusngi for theA purpose a plurality ofbailiezdiscs'arranged one over anothenspaced :byt heatconserving blocks.: The discs areA preferably inztapered form;

the metal parts-being upwardly'. flared Aandl the, spaces ybetween fpresentinggznear the; circumfer ence,1. openings in vone disc in line, Withbaileribsr inthe next adjoining disc; The unit so composed isfspaced from Vthe .Wallsof' the furnace chamber; f so as to allow olwof products of-combustionn0t only :through the unit-,.vertically,. .with'ilateral diversion ofv the t products of' fcombustiotrrfromf l. space to space las the-products'fpassffupthrough the unit, but also toenvelope the unitzin hot prod-- ucts of combustion locatedzbetween theiunit; and

- the. inner furnacewall..l

owoutwardly frombetweenthe baffle discs;v

Obviously the number :of baille y discs' imay Tbez; varied greatlyl and f vthe frelations between them;- -may be modiedsowlong asthey come Withinf-the,

range' f characteristics- .-whichidentify' my.` in-1 vention.

In the i structure shown',v six "discs, iappearg with spacing blocks' between;A These discs-are made' up :each of 'aty least tworpartsinthe views :ap-- proximating halves; capable -of. insertion'rsepf.. arately duringthe buildingeup ofaazunit. andresting as a unit uponfeet 24 and 25.,

Beginning with 'the bottom, the two parts fof* these respective ydiscs have bengiven the ,num-1 are numbered respectively' 32 and` 33.1 They :do more than 'merely support various. disc-likefvbaf'- againstsliding movement..

The :several discs progressively Yreduce ,fing open:l space twithin the sizes,a,that. is,f-in;the 4 total cross 'section offopen space,lwithinftheinteriorof the discs, andYcorrespondingly:increase from therbot.-

tomupwardly progressively in :the vproportion of metal iny eacl'ifzdisc;` notwithstanding thatfeach4 upper disc is :smaller hinf diameter than 1' the tnext lower disc. Y,

fies inta :unitxrestingzas -aiunit upon the ,top-34 z of furnace wall 35-as-each-nxtun1 holds also:v

'next the rim than at their inner ends 5|.

The metal of the discs is preferably of the same character as is in furnace grates and the discs perform a function somewhat similar to furnace grates. There are some diierences, that they do not support fuel, and whereas the furnace grate is cooled as much as possible to perform its function without reducing the heat of the fire, the present baille discs are intended to heat to a relatively high temperature, just beneath that temperature at which the discs will warp or buckle, it being the intention that the discs themselves may take up heat during each operation of the burner 36 and mixing and distributing motor unit 31.

Assuming without restricting, that the sections of the respective discs are half sections and describing the lowermost of the sections rst, I will next describe the disc shown in Figure 2.

In Figure 2 two half sections are shown together as completing the lowermost disc. They comprise half sections 26 and 26 meeting at their ends and held together, in part at least by cooperating ribs or pins engaging with the upper surfaces of the feet and the under surfaces of the blocks next above. 'I'he lower disc comprises circumferentially extending rim portions 38, which are tapered in cross section so as to have their larger cross sections in the upper part at 39 and their smaller sections in the lower part at 4U, and inwardly extending prongs 4l. The outer and inner limiting lateral ring (disc) surfaces 42 and 43 are both sloped downwardly, converging toward the bottom and terminating in upper rim surfaces 44 and lower rim surfaces 45.

The lower rim surfaces 45 near the ends of the half sections are transversely grooved at 46 to receive generally upwardly extending tie strips 41, upon the supporting spacers, here the upper faces of the feet of Figure 9.

The prongs 4l of this lowermost disc form approximately radial inwardly extending ribs of spoke-like character which however do not extend to the center, not even to hubs, and are intended for heat storing and distributing purposes. They are preferably of approximately the same annular thickness and approximately the same in vertical depth as the rim portions of the discs and connect rigidly with these rim portions. As a result they appear somewhat as shortened spokes connecting with the rim in each case but not with any interior structure common to the different prongs or ribs.

In the illustration the prongs are tapered in vertical cross sections perpendicular to the radial lengths of the prongs so as to be wider circumferentially at their upper faces 48 than at their lower faces 49, and are also tapered in their radial extent so as t be wider at their outer ends 50 The taper from the bottom flaring upwardly causes the prongs to take up heat from the hot products of combustion more rapidly than would straight untapered spoke-like prongs,

Each of these spoke-like prongs carries flns, shown at 52 and 53 which in the illustration are transversely triangular and have their edges 54 away from the broader-bases 55 which join the spoke-like prong supports upon which they are carried. On the other hand, in the illustration the bases of these ns follow the tapered faces, and the prongs in their entireties slope down.- wardly and inwardly. The fins themselves are not tapered and thus are of the same size from base to face at one end as at the other.

Any desired number of prongs may be carried by the lower section. In the illustration each of the half sections carries seven prongs which are equally spaced from each other but those at the ends are not equally spaced from the ends of the section. The prong nearer the end of each section cooperates as a rib with the upper surface of one of the feet where there is a space 56 between inner flanges 51.

The separating and spacing blocks are of two general shapes, one for the feet below the lowermost disc, seen in Figures 8 and 9, and the other to support one disc from another disc, seen in Figures 10 and 11. In each of the shapes there are two general types, the one type as regards the upper surfaces by which support is given to an intermediate portion of the length of a disc (Figures 8 and 10) and the other by which support is given by the same foot or block to adjacent ends of different discs, (Figures 9 and 11) and at the same time hold the adjacent ends together.

Figures 10 and 11 represent the second shape of blocks used. The feet in Figures 8 and 9 rest upon flat surfaces and thus require no ties below the feet but with the blocks of Figures 10 and 11 it is desirable t0 anchor the blocks to the next rims beneath them as by dowels 58 for holes 59.

The difference, between the upper surface of the block in Figure 10 (as distinguishing from that of Figure 11) is due to adaptation to different positions of use. The blocks of Figures 8 and 10 type preferably support the half bailles at positions in the middle of each half, whereas the type of Figures 9 and 11 are intended to support the two halves of each baille at the points of opposite diametral sides where the ends of each half meet the ends of the other half.

The foot of Figure 8 rests on any suitable surface such as wall 35. Upon its upper surface within space 56 rests the lower rim surface 45 of approximately the middle of one of the half sections. Space/SB' lies between outer flange 51' and inner flange 51. At one of the prongs, such as 4I', the lower part of the prong close to the rim rests upon the upper foot surface within space 56 between the inner flange portions 51 The outer and inner flanges prevent relatiye radial movement between the lower disc, and the adjacent end walls of the inner flange parts engage the prong and prevent relative movement of the parts in a direction along the length of the Ilm.

The foot shown in Figure 9 operates similarly to that shown in Figure 8 except that the adjacent ends of two baffle disc halves engage its upper surface and are held together by it. The groove 46 from one half baille rests over tie strip 41 at the same time that the lower part of a prong 4l2 and rim rests upon the space 562 in side a projecting end of the outer flange. The groove 46' of the other half rests over the tie strip 41' and the adjacent prong 4 l3 is far enough beyond the block so that it does not require accommodation bycutting away the opposite end of the inner flange.

The block of Figure 10 is comparable with the foot of Figure 8 with some differences, however. It lacks a foot extension and instead secures the bottom of the block in Position by pins 58 interfltting with holes 59 in the next disc below. If more nearly exact correspondence of the outer and inner curvatures 60, 6| of the block with the curvatures of the adjacent baffles be required than can be secured by making all the blocks of the same curvature different blocks can be used esistesse 51'finfeachfbloekeoiresponas gnerny withi'tli'" idritiiidias L1 l? Ali-forftritams are intended tof-j outer' flange'fjin Figure-8 IandL thinne flange bsp ""i members y51- icorrespond api'aro'xiniatelylwith"thej s Whe -bll'shavebeen biltfiipint 'pilesform-y inner nngeifmembers irrrFi'gurefef' Hands 5e ing air-up'wariilyandiriwarfiiyftaperingiinit'the prong sectionsinarthefmiddleof the"dischalvn'si ht prodots of" cmustionf travel upw'adlyl res'tiup'ri"thespacebetwen 'the''outer*andiinneri through and between4 `ebaillesandfalongfthe' ilangs and 'where-the inner lflange's aripartdi'to'f pathiare" divertediritothe-annular spde'23 where, pe'rrnity passage' of a'f'prorig v corr'ng inhcontct ywitli-theliri'r'i'zriwallthey areI The fr'mfyofl'Figure 'ill icorrespondslappxiiii liiieff'ctiveito 'hatt hfa'ir in' anair"` matelyfwith thatof'Figur'fQ; -spacefibeingfprcf furnace-on i this --wallfv In?l vided `between outer and inner anges as in Fig- Y y "ittnt 'applicaure l9-witlrtiefstripsi-ll'l and 41' with which the tion" of'ith flan'e thy ffarf'htdthroughto'iaf walls of grooves 46 cooperate. The space at 62 is high temperature and retain the heat to reflect divided partly on one side and partly on the other 15 and refract heat to the inner furnace walls until side of the tie strip 47. Pins appear on the lower they have cooled to normal temperature. part of'this block corresponding with the pins It will be evident that the heat resisting and which appear on the lower part of Figure 10, and retaining material of which the baffles are confor the same purpose. For convenience in securstructed is not subject to any of the forces tending circulation of hot combustion products the 20 ing mechanically to deteriorate the baille and will blocks used in different tiers of the unit may be therefore last a long time.

staggered S0 that adjacent blocks are out of ver- It will be evident that the outward and upward tical line. slope of the outer circumference of each baie The disc b21-mes progressively decrease in cuttends to divert the hot products of combustion side diameter and increase in the metal provided 5 which merge from between the bafes and te di as compared with the area of the spaces between rect them toward the inner wall of the furnace metal parts. This will appear very clearly in the chamber, difference between Figures 2 and 3. In Figure 3 The division of the bailies into two or more an- Whai'f have been more 'prongs in Figure 2 are c0nnular sections facilitates introduction of the bafnected with a ring E3 by what become effective as o fles into an existing furnace and stacking them spokes 64 and a function generally corresponding therein,

to that of the prong in Figure 2 is effected by pro- It will be evident that the effectiveness of the jections E5. In arranging these bailles one over baffles depends upon volume of metal in each bafanother, it is the intention to have each space-in ne and the provision of sufliciently large spaces the lower baille in part atleast in line with metal 35 between the mei-,a1 portions to permit adequate above so that it will be necessary for the hot prodflew of het products of combustion. ucts of combustion to divide and travel laterally Though the beta1 transverse area of the baflies between homos For example What iS o Space 55 progressively reduce in upper bailles as compared in the hdm@ of Figure 2 iioS below o Spoke 54 and with lower ballles the proportion of metal baffles the space 61 in Figure 3 lies in part at least over o as compared with the Spaces progressively in.. the Prong H4- crease upwardly, securing a maximum amount Carrying out the Same idea as Compared with of heat transfer from the hoi-l products of com- Figuie 3 the baffi@ ih Figure 4 is Provided With bustion in the upper part of the pile or stack.

an additional ring 68 and the? spaces B7' and 69 In view of my invention and disclosure variaare povldedhyihe Seeml nos and by Spokes 45 tions and modifications to meet individual whim 64' 64 Proiectmns 65 appear here also or particular need will doubtless become evident In Figure 5 the spaces in the Outer part of fhe to others skilled in the art, to obtain all or part baffle are shown as corresponding generally with of the benefits of my invention Without copying .Spaces $1 Tkfe spokes are of Phe s4 type and the the structure shown, and I, therefore, claim all Inner Img 53 beqomes emotive mole. nearly as "o such in so far as they fall within the reasonable a hub than as a ring but carries interior proJec- Spirit and Scope of my invention tions as in case of the other figures.

Having thus described my 1nvent1on, what I In Figure the fth bams m the umt as shown claim as new and desire to secure by Letters 1s split up into rings of the order generally of Patent is thqSe-m Figure 4 and-the Spaces are qmte Smau' 55 l A heat conserving unit for use in a furnace $5715 Stm more notlceable m the form of Flgto receive and distribute heat from hot products Thugh there are many advantages in a drew 4of combustion intermittently applied, comprislar mmol of disc bam@ the bame can be Cast in ing a plurality of annular metal baffle rings, one other forms where it is desirable to have the -urabove another and 0f upwardly reducing outer nace of diierent interior cross section for exam- 6" diameter' each bam@ bemg made up of clrcum ferentially separable parts, the cross section of ple such as square. In order to emphasize this s fact Figure 15 is included to show a single baille the metal parts almg upwardly and the pas' out of a group of bailies having square baie cross Sages Within each bams ring converging. up' section. The baiile of Figure l5 could, of course, 65 Waifhy, arid Supports between the haines inter' be located at any of various heights in the stack. iooklng With adiooehi" homo Parts to hold the Because of the close grouping of the metal parts Darts against SidoWiSo moVemehi5- of the baille and the relatively small size of the 2- In a furnace heat retaining Unit, a Stack openings providedl in the particular structure of Oflfadialiy divided 21161111131' ared bales -conl- Figure 15 it would be Well or perhaps best suited pllslng Outer rllgs aled .upwardly 100th 1I1S1de for use as a top baffle 0f the stack, The ferm of 70 and outside the rings and intermediate connectopening used closely allies this specific baffle to 'ing metal supports spacing the bales from each that shown in Figure 7; but it will be noted that other and holding the sections of the individual the individual openings are of the same characbafes against separation laterally where the ter from one side to the other in this Figurel divided bailles join. f

form. The baille of Figure 15 is split as is indi- 75 3. In a furnace heat retaining unit, a stack of metal disc baiiles of progressively smaller diameters from the bottom upwardly, the batlles having open centers and the cross sections of the open centers in the baies progressively reducing from the bottom upwardly at a rate of reduction greater than the rate of reduction of the diameters of the baflles.

4. In a furnace heat retaining unit, a tapered stack of metal bailies having rims and a plurality of spacers for said bales resting each upon the rim of the baille below and engaging to prevent lateral movement between them and having flanges cooperating with the rims above the below to engage with openings in the lower baille and having outer and inner flanges above to engage with the rim of the upper baille and the inner iianges being split; to engage with the radially extending ribs of the upper baille.

VICTOR E. ARNOLD.

Images