US2366314A - Spark arrester - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 2, 1945 A, CANNON 2,366,314

SPARK ARRESTER -Filed June 10, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jesse H Ch/v/vaw 1945- J. A. CANNON 2,366,314

SPARK ARRESTER Filed June 10, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 :55 I (o 1/6556? ChMvo/v Jan. 2, 1945. J. A. CANNON SPARK ARRESTER Fil d June 10, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Jassz 6? Ck/v/voxv Patentecl Jan. 2, 1945 UNITED STATESPATENT orncs.

2,366,314 SPARK ARRESTER Jesse A. Cannon, Jamestown, N. Dak., assignor of one-half to Arthur J. Witham, Jamestown,

N. Dak.

Application June10, 1943, Serial No. 490,377

Claims. (Cl. 110- 122) the smoke box and then rearwardly through the spark arrester and finally to the lift pipe of the stack. It is further intended to divide the smoke after it has reached the front end of the smoke box so that a portion travels directly rearwardly and thence into the lift pipe, and the remainder travels rearwardly and over the upper portion of the spark arrester entering the spark arrester through the open rear, and thence to the lift pipe. In keeping with this objective, it is intended to provide a spark arrester having top and bottom plates, side walls, but open front and rear ends. In order to ensure circuitous flow of smoke, cinders, and sparks from the flue sheet into the spark arrester, it is proposed herein to baffle the rear of the spark arrester to prevent the flow of smoke from the flue sheet directly for- Wardly into the rear of the sparkarrester.

Another object is to provide a spark' arrester having open front and rear ends and to provide a plurality of spaced deflecting bafiles angularly disposed across the openings, such deflecting baflles being disposed in vertical, non-parallel planes. Furthermore, an object is to dispose the baffles so that smoke entering the main section of the spark arrester by passing therebetween will flow substantially directly to the lift pipe and will not swirl cyclically or vertically. It is accordingly intended to dispose the deflecting baffles so that. the force of smoke entering between the bafiles from the front, for instance, will be balanced by the directive force of the smoke entering between the rear bafiles. Itis also intended to dispose the deflecting baffies at such an angle with respect to one another so that the larger portion of the smoke will flow substantially radially to the center of the assembly.

More particularly, it is herein proposed to provide a series of bafiles across the front and rear openings of the arrester chamber, and to dispose each baflie at a greater angle to the infl'owing gases than the preceding baffie, so that gases and cinders impinging upon the face of one baflle will be deflected to the rear of the'preceding baflle.

Also, it is intended to arrange the baffles to counteract and break up any swirling currents within the chamber.

Another object is to provide a spark arrester having a plurality of baffles so disposed that hot cinders and sparks will not impinge forcefully directly upon the baffles, thereby avoiding cutting of the baflle material. Additionally, it is intended to arrange the arrester assembly so that any large cinders will never enter the interior of the ar-# rester, but will be pulverized in the front end of thesmoke box thus facilitating cleaning.

Summarizin the objectives, it is intended to provide improved steaming qualities in a 1oco-' motive, equal distribution of draft over the entire grate area, to ease the cleaning of the smoke box of the locomotive, to reduce amount of black smoke emitted from the smoke stack, and to reduce cinder cutting. These and other objectives will be apparent in the following specification and drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the spark arrester taken along line I--l of Fig. 3;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation taken from line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a plan view;

Fig. 4 is a detailed enlargement along line 4-4 of Fig. 2;,,

Fig. 5 is a detailed enlargement along line 5--5 of Fi 3;

Fig. 6 is a detailed enlargement along line 66 of Fig. 3, and,

Fig. 7 is an isometric view of the spark arrester removed from the smoke box.

Referring now to the drawings in which like reference numerals denote the same or similar parts, the front end 2 of a locomotive is shown in dash lines, the front end conventionally enclosing the smoke box having lift pipe 4 of the smoke stack, steam exhaust 6 below and spaced from the ift pipe, throttle header 8 and steam pipes Ill. The inventive structure includes a vertical rear bafile l2 spaced forwardly from and parallel to the front flue sheet of the boiler. The flanged top of rear baffle I 2 is welded to the throttle header shown at I 3, and an upper partition I4 is welded between throttle header 8 and the top of the smoke box as shown at l5. The side edges of baffle I2 and partition M are curved to engage snugly the inner side wall of the smoke box so as to extend across the box.

haust pipe 6 to which it is rigidly secured. The .top comprises a head sheet l8 having a circular opening l9 closely surrounding lift pipe 4. Preferably, a circular flange is bolted around the opening 19 and welded to a band sweated to the lift pipe. The bottom and top head sheets comprise a number of strips of sheet metal 20 and seam battens 22, each batten being bolted to one sheet 20 as shown at 24 and secured to the adiacent sheet by welding 26. The battens are disposed on the outer surface of head sheets thus providing a smooth inner surface. openings may be cut in the head sheets, particularly adjacent edges, to allow the steam pipes to pass therethrough. i

As seen best in Figures 3 and 7, the central chamber of the spark arrester is further enclosed V the surfaces of the deflecting baflles lie generally.

perpendicular to radii of openings [1 and I9, each baiiie in a series, going from 34 to 40, is disposed at a slightly greater angle to inflowinggases than the preceding one. By this arrangement gases impinging upon the face of one baffle are deflected against the rear of the preceding one, thus pulverizing any cinders, entrained'in the flowing gases. Likewise the open rear of the arrester chamber is provided with a series of deflecting baflles 42, 4, 45, and 48, also angularly disposed to deflect incoming gases to the center of the chamber. The deflecting bafiles are formed of sheet metal secured between the bottom head sheets by seams, one of which is detailed in Figure 4c and which includes a square bar 50 having the top surface thereof welded as at 52 to the baffle and as at54 to the head sheet.

Referring now to Figure 1, it will be seen that gases flowing forwardly from the front flue sheet are partially blocked by baffles l2 and I4 so that flow must first occur underneath the spark arrester and forwardly to the front of the smoke box. As indicated by the arrows, the flow stream is split, some of the gases flowing directly into the arrester through the front end of chamber, and the gases which do not enter. thev front of the arrester pass upwardly and rearwardly around the lift pipe to the. front of baflies l4 and i2 and thence downwardly and in through the rear end of the arrester. As shown best. in Figure 3 by the arrows, the gases passing through the front end of the arrester are deflected directly towards the center of the chamber with. the exception of those passing between the straight front porticn 32 of the side wall 3l1and baffle 34. In this casethe flow is around the side of the baffle to? rear baffle 42 and then inwardly towards the center. Any tendency for the gases tocontinue ,to swirl vertically is overcome by the straightening effect of the gases deflected by baffle ii. and those succeeding. Likewise the gases passing between baflie 48 and side wall 28 are directed inwardly by gases deflected from baflie All. Once the central portion of the chamber is reached. the gases pass upwardlyinto the. lift pipe partially entrained in the steam from exhaust- 5.

It. will. thus be. seen that, in operation gases will pass uniformly from. the entire area of the front flue sheet and around the bottom o the Suitable.

spark arrester, thus providing an even steady draft. Upon reaching the front of the smoke box, the hotter gases rise to the top and pass around over the top thus delaying contact with the deflector baffles until their heat is partially dissipated. Meanwhile pulverization of cinders will have occurred by striking engagement with baffle l2 and further pulverization is achieved by striking against the surfaces of the deflecting bafiies.

One embodiment of the invention has been described in detail, but the concept is not to be limited to the specific structure disclosed since it may apply to all modifications and substitutionswithin the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. In combination with the smoke box, exhaust nozzle and lift pipe of a locomotive, a spark arrester comprising means forming a chamber between the pipe and nozzle and having spaced top and bottom walls spaced from the top and bottom of the smoke box and extending substantially th'ereacross, spaced side walls cooperating with said top and bottom walls to form a chamber open at'the front and rear ends, and a plurality of vertically disposed baffles mounted at irregularly spaced intervals across said open front and rear ends, the baffles being so angularly disposed with respectto one another and with respect to the chamber as to direct gases entering therebetween generally radially inwardly towards the center of the chamber.

2. The combination claimedin claim 1, the bottom wall extending rearwardly of the top wall,-

and a baflie wall extending upwardly from the rear. of said bottom wall and across said chamber, whereby to prevent direct forward passage of gases from the rear of said spark arrester directly into saidchambenthe rear edge of the top wall being spaced from the. rear wall, whereby to allow gases to pass rearwardly over the top wall and thence into the rear end of the chamber.

3. In combination with a smoke box, exhaust nozzle and lift pipe of a locomotive, a spark arrester comprising a chamber between said nozzle and pipe, said chamber being closed at the sides, top and bottom and open at'its rear, said arrester being spaced from the top, front, rear and bottom of. the smoke box, andbaflie means disposed rearwardly of the open rear forming a passage from the rear of the smoke box beneath the arrester, then. upwardly in front thereof, then rearwardly over the top of the arrester, then downwardly, and. thence forwardly through the open rear of the arrester, whereby to prevent passage of gases from the rear of said smoke box directly into the rear of said arrester.

4. In combination with the smoke box, exhaust nozzle and lift pipe of a locomotive, a spark 'arrester comprising a generally rectangular bottom sheet adapted to extend. across the smoke box and havinga substantially central opening to receive the" steam exhaust. pipe, vertical transverse rear baffle means extending upwardly from the rear of said bottom sheetto the top of said smoke box, an opposed pair of vertical continuous side walls curved to formv arcs of a circle extending generally fore and aft and being spaced inwardly from the margins of the bottom sheet, and leaving said arrester open at the front and rear, a topsheet spaced from the top of the. smoke box and having a generally circular rear portion fit.- ting theside walls anda rectangular, visor-like front portion overlying the front of said bottom sheet, the rear edge of. said top sheet being spaced rearwardly from said. rear baffle means, said top 5. The combination claimed in claim 4, the

deflecting bafiles extending, in the direction from the outer to the inner edges thereof, counterclockwise of the central openings, the baifies in each series, in clockwise order, being at successively increasing angles to the infiowing gases,

whereby gases impinging upon the front face of a baffle are deflected to the rear face of the preceding baflie, and thence clockwise to the interior of the chamber.

' JESSE A. CANNON.

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