US2363917A - Shelter building - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 28, 1944. A. E, WATERMAN ETAL 63,

SHELTER BUILDING Filed Nqv. 3, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet .1

INVNTORS ARTHUR E WATERNA/V' HAROLD 5. R49 8) ATTORNEY 8, A.,E. WATERMAN ETAL 2,363,917

- SHELTER BUILDING Filed Nov. 3, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY 1944. A. E. WATERM-AN ETAL 2,363,917

SHELTER BUILDING 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Nov. a, 1943 INVENTORJ ARTHUR .E Wren/1 4 M49040 RA 67 A TTORNEY A. E. WATERMAN ET AL Nov. 28; 1944.

SHELTER BUILDING Filed NOV. 3, 1945 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 ARTHUR [MTFRMA/Y A TTORNEY Nov. 28,1944, A. E. WATERMAN sun. 2,363,917

SHELTER BUILDING Filed Nov. :5, 1943 s Sheets-Sheet 5 g B INVENTOR$- ARTHUR 5 WA TERMWN HARoLWQ AcY 56.20 BY ATTORNEY A. E. WATERMAN ETAL ,36

SHELTER BUILDING Filed Nov. 3, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 R uvmvrozes ARTHUR E \A/A7E'R/1A/Y HAROLD B. 72-Ma R) '77 4 ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 28, 1944 i UNITED STATES; PATENT OFFICE MSHAEU-LTER BUILDING Arthur Waterman and Harold'B. Tracy, Fort Atkinson, Wis.,- assignors to James Manufacturing' Company, Fort Atkinson, Wis., a company floor sections illustrating how the arches are detachably fastened to the floor sections.

7 Figs. 11 and 12- are enlarged detailed views illustrating how the spacer bars are fastened to the arches. i

Fig. 13 is a fractional longitudinal section through one of the floor members.

. Fig. 14 is a fractional transverse section through one of the floor members.

Fig. 15 is an enlarged section through three of the ribs, a covering and anend blanket.

Fig. 16 is a fractional view through a floor unit illustrating how the end ofthe blanket is fastenedto the floor unit when folded. I i

Fig. 1'7 illustrates one-of theribs as shown in Fig. 8 but partially folded. V

Fig. ,18 illustrates a rib folded and ready to be packed in a container or tied together for transportation. 4

Fig. 19 is a side fractional view of one of the ribs illustrating how the ends are secured together by-means of hinges.

, Fig. 20 is a sectional View taken on line 20-20 of Fig. 19.

Fig. 21 is an enlarged perspective fractional view showing a fractionvofone of the floor units in section and illustrating the manner of fastening an end of the blanket .when folded to the floor unit.

Fig. 22 is a view similar to Fig. 21 showing the blanket fastening to the floor unit when the blanket is not folded.

.- The present invention relates to buildings which can be knocked down for convenient transp0rtati0n and which areadapted for sheltering human beings andparticularly for army use. and;, for sheltering delicate instruments. .The present invention relates to improvements onthe design shown in ourcopending application Serial #464,314, filed November 2, .1942, ,1 Important objects of the present invention are to simplify the floor structure whichincludes a 10 numberof units and to improve themethod of fastening thegribs of the building to .the floor assembly. H

Another object of the present invention is to .provide a number of'box-like vfioormnits which 15 may be assembled together in pairs, forming-containers into. which various parts of the building may be packed and the container parts secured together, preferably by means of. trunk like fas-m. tenings; thus, if a building consists of 8-floor 20 units these units may be used. to-providefour containers which'are suitable for convenient handling and into which. all orpart ofthe building parts may be packed. r as An object of the present invention is to pro- 25 vide containers from the floor units which may be easily handled and stacked, easily loaded and unloaded and being particularly suited for truck, vessel or airplane transportation. 1

To these and otherusef-ul ends our invention 80 consists of parts, combination of parts or their equivalents as hereinafter set forth and claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings in As thus illustrated, the covering blankets are which: -l designated in their entirety by reference char- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of our improved acter A. The end covering including the door shelter building. v is illustrated in its entirety'by reference char- Fig. 2 is a perspective assembled view of our acter B. The floor units are designated in their floor assembly. entirety by reference character C. In Fig. 2 eight Fig. 3 is a bottom view of one of. the floori'w. floor units 0 are shown fitted together ready to sections. 40 receive the ends of the arches, which in their Fig. 4 is a side view of the section shown in entireties are designated by reference characters Fig.3. D and E.

' Fig. 5 is an end view of the floor section shown inFig.3. J

Fig. 6 is a side view of two of the floor sections fastened together to form a packing container. Fig. 7 is a side view of thefioor assembly with the covering blanket supporting arches attached thereto.

-Fig. 8 is a cross section of the assemblyas shown in Fig. '1.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged fractional view illustrating how the arches are held to the floor section and staked to the ground.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged fractional view of two 'By scrutinizing Figs. 1, 2 and 7 it will be seen that the complete floor assembly as illustrated 45 consists of eight members D, so that the building is the width of the lengths of two members C and the length of four widths of these members; that there are three members D and two members E used in this assembly and as illustrated in Fig. 15, there will be two cover blankets A and of course two members B to make a complete building of a popular size. In some assemblies the rear end member may be somewhat different from member B as shown in Fig. 1; This rear member may be similar to that illustrated in Fig.

side frame boards ll0 and end frame boards H-l 1. Members ID are preferably provided with reinforcing strips l2, l3 and I4. Members [3 extendslightly above the edges of the top of members it. Members l0 and ii are preferably provided with strips l4 so as to form ledges on which floor boards l5 rest. We provide transverse sills 16. These sills are at their ends, secured to the Side frame members and are flush with the tops of member 14; thus, in the design shown each floor section is meter:

leaving four spaces under the floor boards for insulation pads H. These pads consi t Of a sheet of fabric material and a filler'of insulating material. The edges of the fabric sheets. extend over the tops of members l4 and I6; thus when the floor boards and the insulating pads H are assembled and the box shaped frame placed on the ground, there will be considerable space=bedead air space between the pads and the ground and add to the insulation characteristics-of the building.

At two adjacent corners in members members l3 terminate a short distance fromthese 3o endsj thus when members 0 are assembled together as shown-in Fig. 2 there'aie left -openings 20 which are suitable for the reception of the ends of ribs D and E. V a

Members D and E are preferably madam-three pieces, see Figs. 1'7, 18, 19' zo andthese-pieces i are secured together by means of'suitabl'e hinges 22, one on each side at the joints. it is necessary tofold the ribsfor packing a detachable bolt 23 is removed from one of each of the hinges. These bolts are secured 'to the hinges by means of chains 24'", to prevent losing them. Members D are shapedas shown in Fig. 20 having preferably-ledges 24-24 on which the ends of blankets A rest as clearly illustrated in Fig-. 15. 5

Members E in cross section are shaped as" shown in Fig. 15 forming a rest for blanket" A midway between members 1).

Member D near their bottoms are provided with brackets 25 (see Figs. 9 and 10), which are slotted ontheir undersides as at 26. Members 10 are provided with bolts 27 the properposition so when member D is pressed down into space 20 formed by the floor assembly, thumb nuts 28 may be tightened so as to form a very rigid fastening between the floor units C and between the arches and floor units. Members D at the end of the floor assembly may be provided with an L shaped member (not shown-) as a substitute for member 25, or one end of this member may project past the floor assembly as shown in Fig. 7. Members D are provided-with brackets 40 having rings 4| hinged thereto, as'illustrated. After the arches are secured to the floor assembly stakes 42 having notches 43 are placed: in

In order to form a rigid structure, we provide spaced strips 35 (see Figs. 7, 8, l1 and 12) having U-shaped brackets 36 with grooves 31 adapted to receive bolts 38. When the strips are placed into position, thumb nuts 39 may be tightened to form a rigid connection between the 'tho factthat the blankets consist of two fabric sheets having-aninsulating filling and that there is an -insulated pad under the floor and a dead strips and arches; thus it will be seen by scrutinizing Figs. 7 and 8, thatth-e floor assembly and the arches with their fastenings and strips form a very substantial frame. A frame which has adequate strength for supporting the blankets and withstanding the worst storms and weather.

After the frame-work is assembled as illustrated in Figs. '7 and 8, blankets A are placed into position (see Figs. 1, 15,21, and 22).

It has been found in practice that while the frame work of the device changes very little in the course of months or years, the blankets do A. are therefore made so that they may be used 7 ,15 'eonveniently at all times in the following manably provided with three members l6 (se 3),

Those flaps are provided with grommets 41 which are preferably positioned about in line with members 45 and a rope 48 is laced over members 45 and made taut as illustrated, the ends being securedto stakes 42. When the 'blanketis shrunk, tween members I! and the ground forming a 5 one or both of the blanket ends are laced to anchors 45 as illustrated in Fig. 22 and when the blankets are abnormally long, they are folded as illustrated in Fig. 21; in either event the lacings will act-to hold th blankets snugly against the baseboard.

It will be-seen by scrutinizing Figs. 21 and 22, that we-have provided means for taking care of the shrinking and stretching of the blankets,

which at all times will snugly hug the floor units to form an air tightenclosure; and in view of airspace under the pad, it is obvious our shelter building is easily heated during cold'weather and is 0001 during hot weather, equalling in efficiency a modern insulated conventional residence.

Clearlyour shelter building is light, can be manufactured at low cost and can be knocked down and packed in the containers formed from a pair of members C; and when so packed the containers can be easily handled and transported.

The separate: units with which to erect our shelter building being detachably secured together provides a building which can be easily and quickly erected 0r disassembled and packed for shipment. Or the building may be mounted on skids and moved. about for short distances without danger to. the structure.

In Fig. 16 we illustrate how, after the building has been erected, a trench maybe made around the four sides of the building and dirt or snow piled: against the floor units as. illustrated, thus to doubly insulate the floor and at-the same time provide suitable drainage.

We have, as a matter of convenience shown a standard sized bui1ding. An advantage of the applicants design is that our shelter building may :be erected in various lengths; for example, four, eight or twelve members 0 may be used for three diiferent length buildings, without a single change in the parts or units from which the building is assembled. In any event the characteristics of the building will not be changed, and the entire building in any size may be packed in containers formed from members C andthese members may be secured together by means of trunk clasps 49-or by means of'bolts.

Our improved building can beeasily'assembied from the ground and when assemblechiis yieldtion we claim: r j 1. A floor assembly fora building of the character described, comprisin a number of inverted boxshaped elements adapted to be placed end to end inpairs andside by side,-the upper closed sides being adapted to act asa floor for the building, spaced means on certain outer surfaces of said elements adapted to registerlwhen the open sides of the elements are laidtogether to form. an- 1 enclosure, the spaced members adapted to act as detachable means gethen very noisy during windstorms and transmit out- I jside sounds to the interior., Furthermore because r of the flexibl nature of the building a perfectly flat; surface onwhich toerect thebuilding is not I necessary asin metal buildings particularly those 1 having asheet metal covering.-

Clearly many minorTdetailed changesmay be made Without departing. from the spirit and scope of our inventionyas recited in the appended claims.

. Having thus shown and described our invenfor holding the elements to- 2. A device as recited in claim 1 including: in

sulating pads positionedadjacent andunder said closedsides and havinga thickness considerably less thanthethickness ofthe elements.

3. A device as recited in claim 11including:

,transverse sills secured at theirends to the sides of said elements .and adapted to assist in support- ,ing the upper closed sidesof the e1ements,.insulat-. ing .pads positionedwadjacent and under said closed sides and having a thickness considerably lessthanthe thickness'of the elements.

4; Afloor assembly for a building of the character described, comprising a number of inverted sides being adapted toact as a floor for the building, spaced means on certain Outer surfaces of said elements adapted to register when the open sides ofthe elements are laid together to form an box shaped elements adapted to be placed end to endin pairsl and sideby side, the upper closed sides being adaptedto act'as a floor for the building, spaced means on"certain outer surfaces of y said elementsadapted to register when the open sides of the elementsare laid together to forman I enclosure, the spaced members adapted to act as t e a detachable meansfor holding theelements togethena number of curved roof supporting arches, f I notchesin adjacent. corners on one end of the floorunits adapted to provide. recesses on the op'-.

t posite sides of the floor assembly, said recesses adaptedfor the reception of the endsof said Y arches, detachable. means adapted to bind said -fioor. together and bind the ends of the archesto thefioor units; l

i 5. A floor assembly fora building of the char- .acter described, comprising a number of inverted "box-shapedelements adapted to be placed end to end in pairsand side "by side, the upper closed prising a floor assembly, a number of spaced" enclosure, the spaced members adapted to act as detachable means for holding the elements 110- gether, transverse sills secured at their ends to the sides of said elements and adapted to assist in supporting the upper closed sides of the elements,' insulating pads positioned adjacent and terialbetweenthe fabric sheetsand closed sides.

6. 4A floor assembly for abuilding of thecharacter described, comprising a number of inverted box shaped elements adapted to be. placed end to end in pairs and-side by side, the upper closed sides being adapted to act as a floor for the building, spaced means on certain outer surfaces of said elements adapted to register when the open sides of the elements are laid together to form an enclosure, the spaced members adapted to act as detachable means for holding the elements together, a. number of curved roof supporting arches, notches in adjacent corners on one end of the floor units adapted to provide recesses on the op ite sides of the floor assembly, said recesses adapted for the reception of the end of said arches, detachable means adapted to bind said floor units together and bind the ends of the arches to the floor units, said arches adapted to support. cover blankets, said cover blankets having flaps secured at one side to the blankets a short distance from the ends thereof, the free edges of the flaps having a number of spaced grommets, spaced anchors secured to said floor units and ropes'adapted to be laced through said blankets may be stretched tightly over the arches. 7. A building of the character described, comarches having their ends detachably secured to the sides of said floor assembly, spaced rope anchorson the sides'of said floor assembly, roof blankets adapted to be supported by said arches,

1 theirendscontacting the floor unit, said blankets having flaps secured on their upper sides thereto and& short distance from the ends of the blankets,

thefree edges of the flaps having spaced grommets, ropes slidably lacedthrough said grommets and around said anchors, whereby the ropes may be used to pull the blanketstightly over the" arches and hold their. ends snugly against said floor assembly, and whereby oneor both ends of the blankets may be folded as required to accom modate the varying lengths of the blankets. r i WATERMAN.

HAROLD B. TRACY.

Images