US2223919A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

O. OSWALD Dec. 3, 1940.

CARBURETOAR Filed' Dec. l, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet l O O O Q. mw G G INVENTOR Olaf OSwa/ZOZ WITNESSES ATTO R N EYS Dec. 3, 1940.I o, OS'WALD 2,223,919

ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 3, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT .OFFICE 9 Claims.

This invention relates to carburetors, an object of the invention being tov provide a device of this character which will be automatically controlled to regulate the fuel mixture in ac- 5 cordance with the speed of the engine.

The carburetor embodies many novel features of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts, all of which will be more fully hereinafter described and pointed out in the l claims.

In accompanying drawings- Fig. 1 is a view in longitudinal section through my improved carburetor;

Fig. 2 is a View in transverse section on the l line 2--2 of Fig, 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary plan View showing my improved jet slide bar and its caslng;

Fig. 4 is a View in transverse section on the line 4-4 of Fig.` 3;

Fig. 5 is a grossly exaggerated longitudinal view in plan of the jet slide bar;

Fig. 6 is a View in longitudinal section illustrating a modification;

Fig. 7 is a view in transverse section on the line 'I-'I of Fig. 6.

Referring to the carburetor illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive of the drawings, the reference character I0 is employed to indicate generally the body of my improved carbureter which is provided with a cover II, and this body and cover are cast or otherwise made to conform with the arrangement of chambers and other parts which will now be described.

A gasoline bowl I2 is provided in the body I0 and is equipped with a float I3 having a valve I4 thereon which controls an inlet I5 supplying gasoline to the bowl so that the oat operates to maintain the desired level of gasoline in the bowl.

The gasoline outlet from the bowl consists of a main feeder duct I6 which is substantially horizontal and located below the liquid level in the bowl. This main feeder duct I6 communicates with a plurality of parallel vertical jet feeder ducts I'I which direct the gasoline into an air and gasoline mixing chamber I8 in the cover II. Means forming a chamber I9 extends from the mixing chamber I8 and forms a communication with the tubular portion 20 of the outlet chamber 2| in conjunction with aperture ISE. The passageway I9 is so shaped at its top that the fuelair mixture passing upward through it is deected into and mingles with auxiliary air entering through |95. Preferably, the plug clos- (Cl. 12S-123) ing aperture I9b may be removed and the aperture |53EL instead closed by a plug, whereupon auxiliary air will enter through Ib, the latter arrangement being particularly suitable for supercharger connection; the whole of the mixture 5 under either of the foregoing arrangements then passing. into fuel outlet chamber 2|.

,An air bleeder 22 preferably communicates with thejet feeder ducts I'I, and I locate at the upper end of these ducts I'I my improved 10 jet slide bar 23 which is movable longitudinally7 in a casing 24 which is tubular and of trapezoid shape in transverse section. The lower wall of this casing 24 is provided with openings 25 which register withthe ducts I'I, and the upper wall 15 of the casing 24 is provided with a transverse slot 26 in line with the openings 25.

The slide bar 23 is provided with a plurality of parallel series of openings 2l, and the openings in each series may vary in diameter accord- 20 ing to the specific fuel requirements of the engine under whatever conditions of speed and load; and the openings of the respective series longitudinally are preferably out of transverse alinement .with `each other so that at any posi- 25 tion of the slide ineither forward or backward movement one hole in each of the three parallel series will be in vertical juxtaposition with the ducts Il to Vthe end that not only will the correct measure of fuel be enabled to escape into- 30 mixing chamber I8 but also in order to overcome a common fault in carburetors, `to wit, the socalled flat spot.

I preferably employ a needle valve 28 which intersects at least one of the ducts Il and con- 35 stitutes a control for the enrichment of the feed, manually controlled. The ducts I6 and I I are located mainly within a vertical wall 29 which extends into a hot gas chamber 30 and is provided at its lower end with an opening 3I consti- 40 tuting a by-pass between two sections of this chamber 30.

32' represents an inlet pipe which conveys hot exhaust gas from the engine into the chamber 3l), and an outlet 33' is provided for the 45 escape of these gases, thus these hot gases serve to heat the wall 29 and adjacent parts of the body to the end thatgasoline after leaving gasoline bowl I2 may receive heat for purposes of evaporation. 50

32 represents an air inlet pipe having a choke valve 33 therein, and this pipe 32 is secured to the bottom of the body I0 through the medium of a cap-like casting 34, and this casting 34 is provided with openings 35 which communicate 55 with air passages 35 extending through the body and directing the air into the mixing chamber I8.

A cylinder 31 preferably closed at one end and open at its other end is secured at its open end to the body l5 and is in open communication with the fuel outlet chamber 2l.

A piston 38 is mounted to move in the cylinder 31 and is connected by a rod 39 with the slide 23, and this rod 39 is preferably projected through a stuffing box 40 on the end of the slide casing 24. A coil spring 4I in the cylinder 31 exerts pressure on the piston 38 to hold this piston in its idling position against a stop 42 in the cylinder. An outlet pipe 43 communicates with the cylinder 31 near its closed end, and the pipe 43 is adapted to be connected to the intake of the engine and is provided with a throttle valve 44.

The piston 38 is formed with openings or passages 45 aggregating in approximate area the intake manifold of the engine and so that the fuel mixture in passing through these openings exerts pressure on the solid parts of the piston proportionate to the speed of the engine, thereby causing the piston to move and with this movement placing slide bar 23 with its varying diameter `iet holes in vertical line with feeder ducts I1, thus positively regulating the proportions of the fuel mixture. The regulating piston 38 is also disclosed in my copending application Serial No. 296,967, filed September 28, 1939.

Referring now to the modication illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings, the body of the carburetor is indicated by the reference character i5 having a vertical wall 46 located centrally therein with a doughnut-shaped float 41 around the wall and adapted to control the level of gasoline in the well. This wall 46 is provided with a main feeder duct 48 and vertical jet ducts 49, the outlet from which being controlled by a jet slide bar in the casing 5I, corresponding to the slide bar 23 in casing 24 in the form of carburetor shown in Figs. 1 to 5 of the drawings, except that slide bar shown in longitudinal section in Fig. 6 is of rectangular transverse section.

The main air supply to the body 45 is through a pipe 52 communicating with a supply pipe 53 which is provided with a choke valve 54 and is preferably connected with some portion of the engine whereby the air is heated prior to its passage through the pipe 53. This main air supply passes around both sides of the wall 4B into a mixing chamber 55 where it commingles with the gasoline and passes into a dome 5S and is connected by a pipe 51 with a casing 58. In this casing 53 a fan or blower 59 is located and secured upon a shaft which extends through the end of the casing and is caused to turn by means of a motor 6I electrically connected with the engine generator, the motor being so constructed as to operate at a speed proportionate to the sped of the engine generator. This shaft 60 is composed of telescoping sections which are operatively connected by a centrifugal governor 62 so that, as the speed of the shaft increases, the centrifugal governor will operate to telescope the sections of the shaft and move the slide bar 50 to vary the proportions of the mixture.

63 represents an outlet pipe which is adapted to be connected tothe intake of the engine, and in this pipe 63 a throttle valve 64 is located.

In this modified form of carburetor I provide, in addition to the main or primary air supply, means for directing an auxiliary supply of air into the casing 58, and this means includes the casing 65 which communicates with one end of the air supply pipe 53, and a pipe B6 connects the side of the casing 65 with the casing 58.

A partition 51 is formed in the casing 65 and is provided with an air port 68 which is normally closed by a valve 69. This valve 59 is secured to a tubular piston rod 1D, and this tubular piston rod 10 is affixed to a piston 1l movable in a chamber 12 in the end of the body 55.

A rod 13 extends in the end of casing 55 and through a crossbar 14 in the outlet end of the pipe 53, and also extends through the tubular piston rod 10 and the piston 1I, and a coil spring 15 is located around the rod in the tubular piston rod 10 between the piston 1I and the bar 14 so as to exert pressure on the piston to hold the latter normally in the end of the chamber 12. The head end of central portion of piston 1I in normal position affords sufficient clearance so that there is atmospheric pressure at all times in the space between head end of piston and left end of chamber 12.

A pipe 16 communicates at its lower end with the forward end of chamber 12 and at its upper end with the casing 58 so that when suction becomes sufficiently great due to the passage of the primary fuel mixture through the casing 58 this suction will act upon piston 1l to move the same against the action of the spring 15 and thereby cause the valve 65 to open to allow a certain amount of auxiliary air to pass through the pipe 56 into the casing 5S and commingle with the mixture therein.

While I have illustrated and described what I believe to be preferred embodiments of my invention, it is obvious that various'changes might be made in the general form and arrangements of parts without departing from the invention, hence I do not limit myself to the specific details set forth but consider myself at liberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A carburetor, including a body having a gasoline bowl therein, a wall in the body having a main feeder duct communicating with the bowl and a plurality of vertically extending jet feeder ducts communicating with the main feeder duct, and means for directing air past the outlets of the jet ducts and a jet slide bar controlling the outlets of the ducts.

2. A carburetor, including a body having a gasoline bowl therein, a wall in the body having a main feeder duct communicating with the bowl and a plurality of vertically extending jet feeder ducts communicating with the main feeder duct, and means for directing air past the outlets of the jet ducts and a jet slide bar controlling the outlets of the ducts, said slide bar having a plurality of series of openings for registering with the ducts, said openings being of various sizes and the openings in respective series out of transverse alinement with each other.

3. A carburetor, including a body having a gasoline bowl therein, a wall in the body having a main feeder duct communicating with the bowl and a plurality of vertically extending jet feeder ducts communicating with the main feeder duct, means for directing air past the outlets of the jet ducts and a jet slide bar controlling the outlets of the ducts, and a casing enclosing the slide bar and having openings in its bottom wall for registering with the jet ducts and a slot in, its upper wall above said openings.

4. A carburetor, including a body having a gasoline bowl therein, a wall in the body having a main feeder duct communicating with the bowl and a plurality of vertically extending jet feeder ducts communicating with the main feeder duct, means for directing air past the outlets of the jet ducts and a jet slide bar controlling the outlets of the ducts, said body having a mixing chamber, an outlet chamber, means forming a passageway for directing the mixture in said mixing chamber into said outlet chamber, and an auxiliary air port connecting said mixing chamber and said outlet chamber with the atmosphere, and an alternative auxiliary air port opening from the atmosphere into said outlet chamber substantially at right angles to said auxiliary air port.

5. A carburetor, including a body having a gasoline bowl therein, a Wall in the body and having a main feeder duct communicating with the bowl and a plurality of vertically extending jet feeder ducts communicating with the main feeder duct, means for directing air past the outlets of the jet ducts and a jet slide bar controlling the outlets of the ducts, and means for controlling the action of said slide bar, said means including an electric motor functioning at a speed in proportion to the speed of the engine to which the carburetor is connected, a governor actuated by said motor and means for connecting said governor to said slide bar so that the slide bar will be moved by the governor in proportion to the speed of the motor.

6. A carburetor, including a body having a gasoline well therein, a plurality of jet ducts communicating with the well and directing gasoline into a mixing chamber, a slide bar controlling the outlet from the ducts, a casing communicating with the mixing chamber, a telescoping shaft in the casing operatively connected to the slide bar, a motor operatively connected to the shaft, a blower in the casing inducing suction therethrough, and a centrifugal governor on the telescoping shaft for Varying the position of the slide bar in accordance with the speed of the shaft.

7. A carburetor, including a body having a gasoline well therein, a plurality of jet ducts communicating with the well and directing gasoline into a mixing chamber, a slide bar controlling the outlet from the ducts, a casing communicating with the mixing chamber, a telescoping shaft in the casing operatively connected to the slide bar, a motor operatively connected to the shaft, a blower in the casing inducing suction therethrough, a centrifugal governor on the telescoping shaft for varying the position of the slide bar in accordance with the speed of the shaft, an air supply pipe, a branch pipe connecting the air supply pipe with the mixing chamber for directing the main air supply therethrough, a casing secured to the air pipe, a branch pipe connecting the casing with the first-mentioned casing, a valve normally closing communication between the air supply pipe and the last-mentioned casing, and automatic means for operating the valve.

8. A carburetor, including a body having a `gasoline well therein, a plurality of jet ducts communicating with the well and directing gasoline into a mixing chamber, a slide bar controlling the outlet from the ducts, a casing communicating with the mixing chamber, a telescoping shaft in the casing operatively connected to the slide bar, a motor operatively connected to the shaft, a blower in the casing inducing suction therethrough, a centrifugal governor on the telescoping shaft for varying the position of the slide bar in accordance with the speed of the shaft, an air supply pipe, a branch pipe connecting the air supply pipe with the mixing chamber for directing the main air supply therethrough, a casing secured to the air pipe, a branch pipe connecting the casing with the firstmentioned casing, a valve normally closing communication between the air supply pipe and the last-mentioned casing, automatic means for operating the valve, said automatic means including a piston in a cylinder, a pipe connecting the cylinder with the first-mentioned casing whereby increased suction in the first-mentioned casing will cause the piston to move, said piston being operatively connected to the valve, and a spring exerting pressure on the piston.

9. In a carburetor for an internal combustion engine, the combination comprising, a body having an air passage therethrough, a liquid fuel bowl in said carburetor body, a plurality of jet feeder ducts connecting said bowl with said air passage, a throttle valve in the outlet of said passage for regulating the flow of fuel and air mixture to said engine, a jet slide bar provided with a plurality of orifices cooperating with the outlets of said ducts for regulating the flow of liquid fuel from said bowl to said air passage, and means for moving said slide bar to provide automatic regulation of said fuel flow responsive to changes in engine speed.

OLAF OSWALD.

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