US2206361A - Fuel metering distributor - Google Patents

Description

July 2, 1940.

' F. B. MeKAY FUEL Hummm-DISTRIBUTOR sind April' 14. 193e 2- Slzeets-Shset 1 July 2, 1940. F, B. MKM 2,206,361

Full.. ummm DIsTRIBU'wR Filed April 14, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I N VEN TOR.

A TTORNEYS.

Patented July 2, `194()- UNITED STATES PATENT 'i oI=I=IcIa This invention relates to improvements in fuel metering distributors, and more particularly to a device of this type which will be driven from the cam or crank shaft of an internal combustion en- 5 gine, and will eiciently distribute thev fuel injected to the various cylinders of a multiple cyl-` inder internal combustion engine.

An object of my invention is to provide an improved fuel metering distributor for internal l combustion engines, which will be driven from the cam shaft or crank shaft ofan internal combustion engine, and which will be provided with separate metering valves connecting the distributor lwith the several cylinders of an internal l combustion engine, together with means for adjusting the valves to obtain the highest efficiency of fuel distribution to the said engine.

A further object of my invention is to provide an improved fuel metering distributor driven from the cam shaft or crankshaft of an internal combustion engine, and provided with a plurality of fuel metering valves having cooperating spring .tensioned valve seats, and cam operated means for adjusting the said valves, whereby the fuel being injected to the several cylinders of the interna-l combustion engine may be efciently accomplished.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved fuel metering distributor having a fuel inlet from a high pressure pump, and a plurality of radially extending distributing valves cooperating with adjacent spring pressed valve seats, having connection with the fuel inlet of the distributor, and being operatively connected with a vertically adjustable cam and a vertically adjustable drive sleeve splined to the cam, whereby the several metering valves may be efficiently operated.

A still further object of my invention is to provide an improved fuel metering distributor for injecting fuel into the various cylinders 'of a multi-cylinder engine, which willbe highly eicient in operation, and quiteinexpensive to manufacture. Other objects will appear as the description proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings which form a part of my application,

Figure l is a vertical sectional view taken through my improved fuel metering distributor; Figure 2 is a plan View taken on the line 2-2 of Figure l; g

Figure 3 is a side elevation of the splined drive sleeve; and

`Figure 4 is a side elevation of. the improved rotary cam.

Like characters of reference are used throughout the following specification and the accompanying drawings to designate correspondingv parts.

In the construction of my improved fuel mei' tering distributor, I provide a cylindrical housing I, and a cap plate 2 or closure, supported upon the upper end of the housing I in fixed position m by means of the bolts 3. Positioned upon the lower end of the cylindrical housing I, I have provided a conical base or supporting head 4, which is secured in fixed position on the cylindrical housing I by means of the bolts 5,' and the l5 housing with attached cap plate and base are supported upon any desired member 6, for ex. ample a portion of an internal combustion engine, by means of the securing bolty'l.

Fuel from a high pressure pump,l will be fed 20 to the fuel metering distributor through an inlet pipe 8, which is secured by means of the threaded bushing t to the cap plate 2, and through the same. An annular fuel ring groove II) is formed in the upper surface of the cylindrical housing I. 25

Arranged about the cylindrical housing I at approximately ninety degrees apart, I have provided four fuel discharge outlets I2, which are connected by means of the threaded bushings I3 v with the feed pipes I4 to the various cylinders 30 of a four cylinder internal combustion engine. 'Ihe drawings show my invention built to operate with a four cylinder engine, although it is to be understood that thevconstruction may be changed so that it will operate with engines having any 35 desired number of cylinders.

Positioned within the four fuel discharge outlets IZ, I have provided the radially extending needle valves I5, which are slidably mounted within the said outlets, and cooperate with the 40 valve seat disks I6, which are normally forced into engagement with the annular shoulders Il by means of the coiled springs I6, said needle valves, valve seat disks and coiled springs all being located within the radial discharge outlets. 4 Vertically disposed fuel passages I9 connect the fuel ring groove I with the several fuel discharge outlets, and are controlled by the said needle operated or driven from the cam shaft or crank 55 shaft of the engine. An operating lever 29 is pivoted on the pin 30, and is connected to the lower end of the cam drive sleeve 24 by means of the slotted yoke member which cooperates with the trunnions 33 carried by the ring 3|, the trunnions operating in the slots 32 of the yoke lever 29 and are adapted to engage a thrust collar 34 on the lower end of said cam driving sleeve 24. A drive pin 35 will extend through the upper end of the drive shaft 22 and will extend into the cam slots 21 and 28 in the spllned cam drive sleeve 24, whereby the sleeve may be adjusted vertically by raising and lowering the operating lever 29.

Disposed upon the cam drive sleeve 24 and splined thereto, I have provided a rotary cam 36, which is cylindrical andv is revolved through its center. On one segment of the outer surface of the cam 36, I have provided a depressed portion or cam groove 31 which provides an injection curve consistent with proper combustion of injected fuel. This depression or cam groove 31 is of variable width in the vertical plane, as shown in Figure 4 of the drawings, and also in Figure 1 of the drawings, in order to provide a means of metering the amount of fuel injection.

'I'he cam 36 may be moved in a vertical plane y by means of the operating lever 3B pivoted on the pin 39 in the housing I, in such a manner that the inner ends of the needle valves i will ride in the cam grooves, to control the movement of the said valves to effect the metering of the fuel injected. It will of course be understood that suitable means not shown will be provided for holding the levers 29. and 3B in their positions of adjustment. In normal operation the meter valves l5 will be seated upon the valve seats or disks 'I6 until the inner ends'of the meter valves engage the cam groove 31, at which time the valves are opened and the fuel is permitted to pass through the valves and out through the feed pipes I4. The connection between the yoke member 38. and the lower end of the cam 36 is made through the trunnions 42 carried by the ring 40 and operating in the slots 43 in the yoke lever 38. A thrust collar 4I is threaded onto the lower end of the cam sleeve 36 and contacts the trunnion ring 40.

`rom the foregoing description, it will be apparent that I have provided a fuel metering distributor for distributing the fuel to an engine, which includes dual metering means controlled bythe operating levers 29 and 38, whereby achave described and illustrated one form of fuel metering distributor, it will be understood that I do not intend to limit myself to this particular form of distributor as many minor changes in detail of construction may be resorted to without departure from the spirit of the invention. While I have illustrated and described one form of adjustable cam for operating the metering valve, itl Will be understood that I may equally well employ a cam having a raised lobe of variable dwell. cooperating with various types of valves.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters .Patent of the United States is:

In a fuel metering device. a housing. fuel pasaageways in the housing, discharge outlets communicating with the fuel passageways and having enlargedportions, needle valves extending into the enlarged portions of the fuel passageways controlling the flow of fuel through said fuel passageways, an operating shaft extending into the housing, a cylindrical cam on said shaft and movable therewith, said cam being mounted for movement longitudinally of said shaft and having a cam groove extending inwardly from one end thereof, said cam groove being wide at its outer end and narrowing towards its inner 'end, said cam groove being in a line with the inner ends of the needle valves, said valves being arranged to move with respect to the surface of' the groove as the shaft rotates, allowing movement of the valves to unseat the valves whereby fuel may pass through said valves and means for adjusting the cam longitudinally of the shaft. whereby a wide or a narrow portion of the groove is brought into alignment with said needle valves, regulating the action of the needle valves and controlling the passage of fuel through said body portion.

FREDERICK B. MAcKAY.

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