US2203444A - Ventilator - Google Patents

Description

June 4, 1940.

C.` L. SCHILLENG VBNTILATOR Filed Aug. 20. 1937 2 sheets-sheet 1 www June 4, 1940. Q L scHlLLlNG V 2,203,444

VENTILATOR Filed Aug. 20. 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 @M LMQM WMV" a Monuc/1A;

Patented June 4, `1940 UNITED STATES man `:PMENT orifice j vEN'riLAToR clarencey L. Schilling. Anania, da. Application August 20, 1937, Serial No. 160,048

9 claims. k,(ol. @SQ-42) Generically this invention relates to ventilators butit more particularly is directed toroof ventilators designed to present an architectural c effect and providing protection against access of `5` snow or rain tothe interior of the building.

One of the principal objects of this invention is the provision of a ventilator adapted to'be positioned on the roof of a building adapted to permit passage therethrough of air as it moves across the building and is` compressed by Contact with the roof to draw the air from the `interior of the building and discharge it to the surround# ing t atmosphere;` and to prevent the ingress of rain and snow to the interior of the building.

`the provision of a roof ventilator designed to effect maximum ventilation by reason ofunique ci air moving across the building for eiecting withdrawal of air f from the interior of the building, and means for controlling said Withdrawal of air asdesred.

. An important object of this invention is the.- provision of a roof or ridge ventilator having external air passages through which is adapted f to pass air moving over said building, and interior air passages communicating with theinterior of` the building and with said external passages,

gr, whereby the air 4will be drawn from the interior of the building by the air passing through said external passages, and damper means mounted in the external passages and4 adapted When in open vpcsition to constitute air compression or injector means and' movable to closed position to close` the interior passages, the construction c `ci said ventilator being such that snow and` rain may'freely passthrough said `external passages without entering `the `building `even when the 4,-, damper members are in open' position.`

` .A further important objectof this invention is the provision` cfa roof ventilator having passagesl for the free passage of air therethrough from the exterior of the building, and interior passages communicating with the interior ofthe building and with the exterior passages, and means operable :from the interior of the building to seal said interior passages and constituting air compression or injector means to intensify the .5.1` passage of air through said external passages i building.`

l `Another importantobject of this invention is thereby effecting a maximum ventilation to the With `these and other objects in View, which will become apparent as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the construction, combinationand arrangement of parts, hereinafter more fully described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which like l characters off.` reference indicate like parts Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an elevation on the line 3-3'01? Fig. `1;

Fig. ,4 isa vertical section onthe line 4-4 of Fig. 1;` c Fig. 5 `is a .horizontal section taken onthe line 'Ihe roof ventilators with Which I am familiar have proven deficient `in many respects such as marring the architectural appearance of the building, preventing free access of air currents `over the roof and through the device, preventing the free passage of snow and water through the device `Without entering the building, and simpliy ed and eflicient damper means for controlling the ventilation of the building, and it was to overcome such deficiencies, and to provide a simplied ventilator structure designed to project only slightly above the normal ridge or roof, havingexternal air passages adapted to permit the free passage therethrough of air moving across or over said building and snow or rain Ias thecase may be, air passages communicating with the `interior of the building and with said external passages, and damper means expeditiously operable from the interior of the building movably mounted in said external passages adapted when in closed position` to seal said interior passages and when in open position to constitute compressor or injector means to intensify the passage of air to the exterior passages they are adapted to be supported, said portions extending vertically from the edges of openeral or right angular flanges 8, said'members` 6 being secured to'sad frame members C byk bolts 9` carrying threaded nuts it, said iianges E adapted to overlie roof B and the ,vertical portion l constituting vertical wall portions of opening l, through which air is directed from the interior of the building,` as will be apparent.

Spaced above opening l and mounted on the .inclined .portions i of frame member C isthe cover or cap member D. Said coverrcomprises" the oppositely extending inclinedA apron-like portionsy il adapted to seat on and be secured to the inclined portions fi by threaded bolts l2, and connected at their upper ends by the ntegral ridge section i3. The lower ends oi 'members ll project downwardly and outwardly beyond vertical standards tot frame member C topoints lil and then inwardly and upwardly to points l5 and downwardly and outwardly forming damper seats l5, the space between seats it and flanges 8 constituting longitudinal openings l'l, forming with opening t air passages from the interior ci the buildingxior the, outflow of air.,

A pair of frame members E mounted onr opposite sides i of .frame members C in vertical superimposed relation ateach end ofthe ventilator A,-are formed at their upper ends withk flange portions' E3 adapted to seaton members Il overlying sections ll, to which they are-'attached by bolts l2 and with upwardly and outwardly extending portions it, downwardly inclined sections Ell, perpendicular sections Zl, and

the inwardly inclined sections 22 terminating in the outwardly and downwardly extending flange i sections 23 adapted 'to seat on roof flanges-G and are secured thereto and to frame sections 2 Aby bolts il, as will be apparent.

Mounted on sectionsv 2@ and 2l of frame members E and conforming thereto in configuration are the metallic wind band membersv d'having their upper edges bent inwardly upon themselves as at Z5 and their lower` edges as at 25, said lower edges extending downwardly and outwardly in substantial parallellism with 4flanges 23, forming the apronmembers 2l extending in substantial parallellism with vroof flanges or iiashings t, forming air inlet openings .28 for the exterior air passages 29, and terminating in outlet open-v ings Sil, as and for a purpose directly more fully appearing. Said members 2f! are secured to frame E by threaded bolts 3l. l

A supporting member 32l formedV atitskends with right angular parallelly extending flanges 33 adapted to be riveted or otherwise secured to the vertical sections 3 and journaled in said members centrally of their length is a `rod 34, in the present instance square, but which may be 'round ror of any desired conguration. This rod lill extends substantially the length of the ventilator or ventilator section. Where it is desired to employ a plurality lof ventilator sections forming a continuation substantially through- *out the length of the roof, said rod sections may be suitably connected so as to simultaneously operate'throughout the length of the combined sections as desired. In order to effect the desired clockwise and anti-clockwise rotation of said rod a cross-piece or lever 35 formed, in the present instance, with a hub portion St is mounted on said rod substantially central of its length if only one section is used and, substantially central of the length of the combined rods where a plul rality of sections are employed, and rigidly se- Mounted on each end of the rod of a respectivev ventilator or section is a cross-piece or lever element ilk formed at one corner on its under surface with a stop lug 42, and with the exception of lug 42, is similar to member 35 and formed with a similar hub portion 36 similarly secured to rod To each end of member lli is pivotally connected one end of a link. member l3lby bolts lill, the yother end of said'links being pivotaly connected by bolts 45 to lugs @ii suitably'secured to injector-damper members lll adjacent their upper ends so that links i3 will operate through openings il, as and for a pur-pose directly more fully described. Said stop lug 42 is adapted to engage one edge of the links i3 when lever member il has been brought into alignment with links d3, to maintain said links and lever fil in rigid aligned and extended l position and the damper members ll in open or .injector operating ypo- -c sition, as clearly shown in dotted lines in Fig. l. A pull on the chain lil effects clockwise movement of said member itl' retracting link'members @le and moving members il to closed position andy in engagement with seatsv l5;

f The dampermembers il are formed attheir v upper ends with inwardly extending inclined flange elements Lit with their free edges bent inwardly uponthemselves as at 619, saidfends adapted to seat-against members liiand project within-the portions folded at l5 so as to' close the openingv Ir'l yto prevent the outliowVof air from the interior of the buildingthrough `said openi ings and at the same time prevent water and snow-,from entering said opening. yThe lower edges of members 4l' fare formed with outwardly Yand downwardly extending iiangemembers 5B with their edges folded inwardly Aupon themselves similar to 58. inwardly of framemembers E is positioned a hinge section 5l looped about a U- shapeirod 51. and secured to the, roof flange vor hashing element ii by rivets c-r other suitable elevate said edges suiicient to present a continu-v ous opening at each side of the device for "the free passage of water and snow when members il are in open position, so as to prevent the same from damming or overflowing into the buil-ding. These openings also permit suiiicient quantities of yair iiowingacross the building to pass through and intercept the air streams owing from. the interior to the exterior passages 29 to` prevent stoppage ofv said openings by the accumulation of extraneous matter intermediate members il and ilashing elements 6.r I

The length of. the parallelly eX- Operation The operation of the device would seem to be clear from the above description, but it might bel well to` further state that when the ventilator A` is operatively positioned on a ridge roof and over` the opening` formed therein and with the damper elements 41 closed there can be no ventilationand the building is sealed. However, when it is desired to effect ventilation of the building it is only `necessary to pull down chain 4|) attached to, one end of element 35 rotating rod 34 in anti-clockwise direction and through the instrumentality vof members 4I moving `links 43, operable through` openings I1, into horizontal alignment with each other and with member 4I, lug 42` contacting the edge of link 43 limiting the anti-clockwise movement of said member 4I and maintaining said links and member in rigid extended position so as to maintain the damper orinjector members 41 in open position, as shown in dotted outline in Fig. `1, and when said members are so positioned. the air moving over the roof of the building is compressed and entering arespective passage 29 strikes member 41 and is compressed between said member and the wind band or air deflector member 24 and is injected under further compression by said member into the upper portion of passages 29 to be discharged tlirou-ghopening 30 into the surrounding atmosphere and which effects Withdrawal of the air from the `interior of the building through the passage `formed by opening I and lateral open ings I1 or one of said openings to be intermingled with said injected air stream. to accelerate the outflow of air from said interior through one of said outlet openings 30 of passages 29, depending` upon the direction of the wind, as will be anparent. i To cut off the ventilator it is only necessary to pull the opposite chain 40 connected to lever 35,

thereby eifecting clockwise `movement of rod34 and member 4I to retract links 43 and move damper elements 41 to closed position with ends 48` engaging seats I6 whereby openings I1 are sealed.`

It will also be observed that the lower edges of flanges 5D of members 41 are spaced from the base plates or flashing elements 6 sufficiently to permit the passage of rain and snow therethrough when the injector-damper members 41 are in b open` position and, at the same time, permitting suiiicient airto enter behind members 41 to carry any extraneous matter, such as leaves and the like that may lodge behind said members 41, to the air `stream from the interior of the building flowing from opening I1, to be caught by the exterior air stream flowing through passage 29 and thereby removed from the ventilator, and assist` ing fthe `exterior air stream in drawing the air lfrom the` interior `and accelerating the outflow thereof to the surrounding atmosphere.

i From the above it will be apparent that I have designed a roof ventilator preferably mounted on the ridge type of roof but which is also adapted for flat roofs by simply employing triangular blocksor frame structures on opposite sides of the` opening I on which the ventilator may be mounted as in the case of the ridge root` f It will be further observed that I have designed ayentilator adapted if desired to extend substan-` tially the full `length of the building or at one or more locations as desired, and so designed that it ,will notproject but a `fewinches above the normal roof ridge, will not mar the architectural design or appearance of the building, preferably constructed from metal, and comprising `a rigid construction adapted to withstand high wind velocities without damage to the ventilator or supporting roof and having interior and exterior communicating air passages, and damper means mounted in the exterior passages movable in one direction to closed position to cutoff and seal the interior passages and to open position'in the other direction to constitute injector means for compressing and injecting the exterior air stream to thedischarge openings of said passages to effect outflow of the air from the interior of the building, as will be well understood, said device comprising few parts, simple in construction, adapted to effect a maximum ventilation combined with pleasing architectural eect, manufacturable at a minimum of cost, having positive damper control, and efiicient for the purposes intended. Although in practice I have found that the form` of my invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings and `referred to in the above description as the preferred embodiment, is the most efcient and practical; yet realizing the conditions concurrent with the adoption of my invention will necessarily vary, I desireto emphasize that various minor changes in details of construction, proportion and arrangement of parts, may be resorted to within the scope of the appended claims without departing from or sacrificing any of the principles of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire protected by Letters Patent is as set `forth in the following claims:

1. In combination with a roof having a ventilating opening, a ventilator disposed over the opening and comprising base plates adapted to form a continuation of the opening, a cover disposedabove said opening and forming with said base plates lateral openings communicating with said first mentioned opening, deflector members spaced from said cover and base plates forming exterior passages intersected by and overlying said lateral openings and having exterior inlet and outlet openings, and dampers mounted in said passages movable `to closed position to seal said lateral openings and to open position to constitute with said deflector members exterior air compressing and ejecting means for the exterior ail" passing through said passages intermediate said dampers and ,deiiectors 2. In combination with a roof having a venti,- lating opening, a ventilator disposed over the opening and comprising base plates on opposite sides of theopening, an angular cover disposed abovesaid opening and forming with said base plates lateral openings communicating with said first mentioned opening to form interior air outlet passages, deflector members overlying and spaced from said` lateral openings forming exterior air passages having exterior inlet and outlet openings, movable damper members `mounted in said passages, and means connecting said `movable members adapted to close said members and seal said lateral openings and adapted to maintain said members in open position to constitute with said deflector members `air ejector means, whereby the exterior air passing through said outer passages is compressed between said damper members and deflector members and injected to accelerate the outflow of air from said lateral openings to said exterior passages. t

3. The combination with a roof having a ventilating opening, a ventilator disposed over the opening and comprising a pair of base plates,

' above said opening and adapted to prevent rain iiowing vertically thereinand forming with said base plates lateral openings communicatingy with said rst mentioned opening, deflector elements spaced from and overlying said lateral openings forming exterior air passages, dampers mounted in said exterior passages and connected to said base plates, means operable through said lateral openings and connecting said dampers, and means connected to said connecting means adapted to move said dampers to close said lateral openings and to open position to form with said deflector elements air compressing passages within the exterior passages to effect acceleration 'of the air stream flowing through said passages, and between said deector elements and dampers whereby to withdrawthe air from said lateral openings as the accelerated air passes thereover.

4. In combination vwith a roof having a venti- 'lating opening, a ventilator disposed over the opening and comprising a pair of base plates forming a continuation of the opening, an angular cover disposed above said opening and having damper seats adapted to form with said base plates lateral openings communicating with said rst mentioned opening, angular deflectors laterally positioned with respect to said lateral openings forming exterior air passages having exterior air inlet and outlet openings, dampers movably mounted in said' passages, means connecting said dampers adapted when moved-in 4one direction to engage said dampers with said seats to close said lateral openings and whenoperated in the opposite direction to move said dampers to and maintain the same in open posi- `tion to form with said deflectors air restricted passages within' said exterior passages to accelerate the air stream flowing therethrough, whereby air moving over the roof Will be directed into the exterior and restricted passages and ejected from said latter passages to draw the interior air through said first mentioned opening and lateral openings and accelerate the outflow of such air.

5. In combination with a roof having a ventilating opening, a ventilator disposed over the opening comprising a pair of base plates forming a continuation of said opening, a cap member mounted above said opening supportingly connected to said base plates and forming in connection therewith lateral openings communicating with said first'mentioned opening forming interior passages, deflector members overlying said lateral openings is spaced relation therewith and forming exterior air passages having inlet openings intermediate the deflector members and roof, dampers movably mounted in said exterior passages constituting when in closed position closures for sealing` said lateral openings and when in open position forming in conjunction with said deflector members air compressing ejector means y adapted to accelerate the passage lof the air through said exterior passages intermediate saidl dampers and deflector members and the outiiow of air from the interior passages into said exterior passages and to the surrounding atmosphere, and means connecting said dampers and operable through said lateral openings to move said dampers from open or air compressing position to closed or lateral opening sealing position.

6. `In combination 4with a roof having a ventilating opening, a ventilator disposed over the opening comprising a pair of base flashing plates secured to said roof and forming a continuation of the opening, an angular cover disposed above said opening forming with said ashing plates lateral openings communicating with said first mentioned opening, deflector members overlying and spaced from said lateral openings forming exterior passages having inlet openings intermediate said members and flashing plates, members mounted in said passages movable to closed position to close said lateral openings and 'to open position to constitute air ejector f means, the mounting of said movable members being' such as to in open position constitute with said deflector members air compressing means to accelerate the passage of the air adjacent to said lateral openings whereby to withdraw the air from the openings as the accelerated air passes thereover and permitting the free passage of rain and snow through said exterior passages and sufficient air between said members and base plates to prevent an accumulation of extraneous matter, said movable members when in closed position constituting closure means for said lateral openings.

7. In combination with a roof having a ventilating opening, a ventilator disposed over the opening comprising base members, a cover disposed above said opening, wind deflector elements spaced from the base members and cover forming exterior air passageways having inlet openingsbetween said elements and base members, said cover and base members forming interior lateral passageways communicating with said opening and with said exterior passageways, dampers mounted in said exterior passageways and movable in one direction to close said lateral openings and in the opposite direction to constitute with said deflector elements exterior air compressing and ejecting means to accelerate the passage of the air adjacent to the lateral openings, whereby to withdraw the air from said lateral openings as the accelerated air passes thereover.

8. In combination with a roof having a ventilating opening, a ventilator disposed over the opening and provided With lateral venting outlets, deflectors in connection with said ventilator to direct an air stream over each of said outlets, damper members located between the outlets and deflectors, said damper members being operable in one direction to close the openings and in the opposite direction to intercept and compress in conjunction with said defiectors the air stream flowing across said outlets and effect their acceleration adjacent to said outlets whereby toI Withdraw the air from the outlets as the accelerated air passes thereover.

9. A ventilator adapted to be disposed' over i an opening in a roof or the like, said ventilator having an opening adapted to register with said roof opening, a cover disposed over the ventilator opening, base plates on opposite sides of said ventilator opening and forming with said cover lateral openings communicating with the ventilator opening, deflector members spaced from said Acover and base plates forming exterior passages intersected by and overlying saidA lateral openings, and dampers mounted in said passages movable to closed position to seal said lateral openings and to open position to constitute with said deflector members exterior air compressing means to accelerate the air passing intermediate said dampers and deiectors, whereby to Withdraw the air from said lateral openings as the accelerated air passes thereover.

CLARENCE L. ISCT-IILLING.

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