US2290829A - Fuel pump - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 21, 1942. H. c. EDWARDS FUEL PUMP Filed Sept. 29, 1959 July 21,1942. H. c. EDWARDS 2,290,829

FUEL PUMP Filed sept. 29, 1939 '2 sheets-sheet 2 V l 7gg /A//fA/ro fa- /7//5 HrroR/VEYS.

Patented July 2l, 1942 z UNiTED STATES PATENT- 'o-FFICE The Timken Roller Bearing Company, Ohio, acorporation of Ohio applicati@ september zo, 1939, serial No. 297,021

i3 claims. (ormai-175) disassembly of the parts, to provide ready accessible manually operable means for priming and fiushing the pump and to obtain other advantages hereinafter appearing. The invention consists in the pump and in the construction and combinations-and arrangements of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

'In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification and wherein like symbols refer to like parts wherever they occur,

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a pump embody.- ing my invention,

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section throughthe pump above the main pump chambers on the line 2-'2 in Fig. 1, Y i Fig. 3 is a horizontal section along the axis of the main pump chambers on the line 3--3 in Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is la view looking at the outlet sideof the-pump, l l

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary side view similar to Fig.4 with the outlet cover removed,

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 with the outlet valve plate removed,

Fig. '7 is an inner face view of the outlet cover, Fig. 8 is a view looking at the'inlet side of the pump.

Fig. 9 .is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 8 with theinlet cover` removed, Fig. l0 is an inner face view of and Fig. ll is a vertical cross-section on the line II-IIinFig.4. Thevpump shown in the accompanying drawings comprises a housing I having inlet and outthe inlet cover;

let covers .2 and3 removably secured to, the op positesides thereof. The housinghasacentral cylindrical vblind bore 4 therein thatI extends forwardly from the rear e'nd thereof to a point short of the front end thereof. vSnugly fitting the housing bore I intermediate between the ends thereof. is a circular closure member or disk 5. which forms a closed cylinder 6- forward of Asaid closure and has a central rearwardly extendingtubularstem portion I coaxial with said 5` in the housing bore is a push or piston lrod Il, whose inner ,end isdisposed in abutting relation vto the opposing end of a piston I2, which is reciprocable in the cylinder 6 A and 'divides the latter into separate rear and frontexpansible pump or pulsation chambers I3 and .HIL respectively.

This piston., which ism theform' for a cylindrical .cup which .opens towards the ,forward pump lchamber I4, is displaced rearwardly inthe direction of the push'rod I I by the expansive effort of a coil compression spring I5, vone end of which bearsagainst Ia seat in a recess IISl provided therefor in. the forward end of said chamber and the other endl of which seatsagainstthe bottom of said cup-shaped .pston. The forward stroke of the piston is producedby a power operated tappet or edge. cam I1 that engages the bottom or closed rear end of a tappet cup I8 mounted for reciprocating movement in the pumphousingbore 4 rearwardly of the closure disk 5. This tappet cup surrounds aninwardly opening thmble I9 that surrounds the rearwardly extending piston rod supporting stem 'I' of the closure disk 5 and has a recess 20 in its closed rear end adapted to receivethe projecting rear end of the piston or push rod I-I. Mounted in the tappet cup I8 between the closed cam engaging rear end thereof and an outstanding flange 2| on the open forward end of thethimble I9 is a compression cdil spring 22, ,which serves to yieldably hold said tappet cup in. contact with the power operated tappetfor edge cam I 'I and transmit the forward movement of said cam to the piston rod actuating thimble I9.

The pump has 'valved inlet andoutlet passagelways, veach communicating with both of the `pumpchambers I3 and I4.v The inlet passageway is formed by a passageway 23 that leads inwardly through the inlet cover 2 and terminates at the inner face thereof in two diverging branch passageways 24, 24a, that open into enlarged valve chambers 25, 25a formedin the opposing vertical outside face -of the pump housing. One of these valve. 4chambers 25 communicates with the rearward pump chamber I3 through a passageway 26, and the other valve chamber 25a communicates with the front pump chamber Il fuel to the rear and front pump chambers I3 and |4 but prevent return flow of said fuel through? the inlet passageways.

The outlet passageway for the rear and front pump chambers I3 and |4 .,is.formed.b.y llessage.-` ways 29, 29a that lead froml thefffrontgand rear:

pump chambers, respectively, and open throughthe bottom of a triangular-.recessllformed -in the vertical outlet cover 'opposing face" of'the pump housing. Snugly seated in this triangular '1 recess Awith its outer face flush Withthe outside face of '.thpurnp housing is aftriangularv plate 3|v4 having f po'rts` 32 and 32a Iextendingthere'- through thatfregister with the' 'respective, passageways 29, '23a 'where' they' openfjinto' said" recess. the outlet'cover'3has an elongatedrecesjs therein, forming a passageway, 33 th a t establishes communication betweenthe vtwo ports' 32 and 32a that register with the p afssaggeway 29;,29@ leading from the respective front 'and rear plilllp cylinders.. Theporti'oris of the/passageway 33 located opposite the' portsj32, 32a in the valve plate 3| are shapedtokffqrmenlarged valve chambers 34, 24a'vvhih containioutwardlfv opening check valves 35 and 35 q','respectively. These valves are'heldin closeiflposition'over the outer ends of the Aport's 32 and 32a in.- the' valve plate 3| preferably by means fo'f coil'fcompression springs 36, 36a, thereby permitting thefuel in the front and rear pumpchambers'to flow "into the passageway 33 while preventing return flow of such fluid to said 'chamber's'j The passageway 33 communicates midwayfof -its valve chambers 34, 34a with a port 31 thart'extees through the valve plate 3| midway betwen the ports; 32, 32a that are closed by the valves 35j 35o in said chambers; and this intermediate'port'31" opens at its inner end into onefend of a passageway 38 formed by an elongated groove in the bottom` of,

the triangular lvalve 1plate receiving recess `38. The other end of this passageway 38 opens into a port 39 in the triangular vvalve plate 3| and this port opens into' a circularvalve chamber 48 in the inner face of the outlet cover' 3, whichv cham-- ber, in turn, opens intoal discharge passageway 4I that opens through the outer face of said outlet cover. Located in this discharge valve chamber 40 is a suitable. outwardly "opening check valve 42 that is yieldablyi heldmagainst` the-outerl face of the valveplate- 3| over the outlet port4 39 therein by means 'of a coil compression-spring 43, thereby permitting discharge of fuel from" the discharge passageway 34| but preventing return flow of such fuel. f

The vhereinbefore--faes'cribeii duuleacung' fue1 supply pump is`alsoprovided fwith's'eparate or auxiliary manually operable' priming Vand flushlng means. Said-means comprises a plunger including a disk 44 and 'cup leathers 45 reciproca-l ble in an upright cylinder 46 on'the top of the pump housing I. 'I he plunger disk and leathers are sleeved on the` reduced-"lower end lportions of a plunger rod 41. Metalwas'hers 48 are also ".ceved on said portionof said plunger rod above and below the cup washers; and the plunger" disk. leathers and washers are secured against axial movement on the plunger rod between a The inner or valve'plate 'opposingl f ace of spacer sleeve 49 sleeved thereon between the uppermost washer and the shoulder formed by the reduced lower end portion of said rod and a nut 50 threaded on the lower end thereof in abutting relation to the lowermost washer. A compressi- -blegjgasket or-sealing washer, -:,5 is..mounted 4around'l the spacer sleeve -'48 biet. an outstanding flange 49a at the upper end thereof and fra-the uppermost washer.

The plunger rod 41 is supported for axial 1sliding movement in the cylinder 46 by means y-'-of;.1a,closure=-membenfor the outer end thereof in the form ofafsleeve nut 52 that is threaded into .f "-1: the upperend thereof and has suitable vent holes l5 52a extending therethrough. A coil compression spring "53"su`r'rouiids said cylinder exteriorly permost position with the compressible sealing washer 5`|` bearing against the underside of `the "plunger rodguide nutl 52- and closing the vent openings l52a'therein.` This spring has its lower end'sseatedjon an annular shoulder 46a provided "therefor aroundthe exterior face ofthe cylinder "46 with its upper vend pressing upwardly against g5 'an' operating knob in the'form ofa downwardly opening"'cylin'drical cap 54 which isfsecured to the upper endl-ofsaid plunger rod bymeans :of

a :nut-155."- Thelowerend of 'the auxiliary-cylin- "der '48 '-opens-iint: one .end of an inclined passage- "way SGL-"wh other end topens into the passagevway 38fin 1 'e with 'the valve plate port 31 that communicates with the passageway 33 that con- 4'r'iects'tli'e twolvalved ports 32, 32a in the valve plate-3|. y

Tlie'inletand-outlet covers 2 and 3 are secured 4toch'ehousing Aby through bolts 51 that extend entirely through both covers and the housing; and-thefi'espective cover plates are sealed by gaskets'58 and l"59 'thatf-,are clamped-- between said covers and housing and have openings 'there- :through reg'steringlfwit'h the passageways: and

-.'re':es's`est in the covers.- f

The operation of the hereinbefore described pump isasfollows: When theltappet cup I8 is forced inwardly by the rise or nose of 'the edge cam V`I1, such movement is' transmitted through the tappet spring 2 2"and spring holder of thimble I951to the rod I I which bearsv against the inner end of the piston I2 and thus forces the same towards the front end of the cylinder against the presvsure of the'spring I5. This movement of the piston opens the inlet valve 21 and draws fuel therethrough into the rear" pump chamber |3 through the branch-24 of the inlet passageway 23 55 in the inlet cover 2. At the same time, fuel that has previously been drawn into the front pump chamber I4, in the manner `hereinafter described, is forced by the piston I2 throughfthe passageway 29, valave plate port'32, valve 35, passageway 33, valve plate port 31, passageway 38, valve i plate port '39V and discharge valvev'4'2 into the fuel 'discharge passageway 4I in the outlet cover 3.

When the drop or base'circle-of'the cam I1 is i on the piston lI.2"is relieved and `the piston is 'forcedl rearwardly by the` expansive -a'ction of the spring'ifIE. 'This rearward movement-'of-said piston causes fuelfto bev drawn-'into the' front Apump vchamber. |4 =through the `inlet"valv e'-21a and the branch 24a ofthe inlet passageway' 23 in the inlet 'cover 2. At the same time, fuel that has previously been'drawn into therear pump z" .chamber I3` is expelled therefrom-by the rearward tra-vel of the piston I2. This fuel passes through the passageway 29a, valve plate port 32a,

thereof-.- and serves to hold the plunger in its upvalve 35a, passageway 33, valve plate po'rt 31, passageway 38,*valve plate port 39,- and discharge valve "42" into the lfinal Ldischarge passageway 4I in the'outlet cover 3. Thus, induction and eduction iseffectedonneach stroke of the reciprocat'- me piston.

Thef'positionfpf the piston I2"is determined'- by thebl'anceof the forces of the two springs' I andj22 inthe different positions of the tappetv cup I8; land the length of-stroke' of said piston and theq'uantity of fuel discharged thereby vary v according to the' back pressure of the fuelin the fuel discharge lines. Thus the quantity of fuel discharged depends on'the fuel consumption' of the engine; `and', regardless vof the length of `stroke surrounding said thimble and reciprocable in said housing 4axially^of said cylinder, and a single spring locatedin said cupfwithoneend seated againstetheclosed outer end thereof and with the other'en'd seated on said thimble adjacent to the operi inner end thereof and operatingto hold said of the piston or the pressure pumped, the'piston or push rod I I willalways remain in contact withv the piston I2.` The'tappet cup I8, tappet spring 22 and thimble I9 are free to rotate as a unit about the push rod II as a centering member. The 'combined' closure ymember and piston rod guide' 5 is easily inserted in and removed from the housing bore 4 and is removably held in said -bore by means of the'snap ring 8. The inlet and discharge passageways, ports and valves are acsessible for inspection cleaning merely by removing the inlet and outlet covers and the disl charge valve plate. y

When it is desiredV to flush or prime the'rnain pump, the piston ofthe primer is reciprocateo'- in theA auxiliary cylinder 46 means 'of the operating c ap or knob 54 on the outer end of the auxiliary pump' plunger rod 41. Outward movement of the auxiliary plunger or piston unde'rthe action', of the'spring 53 causes the fuel to be drawn into. the two pump chambers I3 and I4 through the inlet passageway 23 branch 'passageways 24 and 24a, the inlet valves 21 and 21a'- 26 a. The suction of the and passageways'rZl and the fuel from the auxiliary plunger also draws two pump cylinders I 3 and I4 through the pas- y sageways 29 and 29a, valve plate ports 32 and 32a, valves 35 and 35a, passageway 33, valve plate port 31 and passageway 56 into the lower end of the cylinder 46. Inward movement ofthe auxiliary piston against the pressure of the spring 53 forces the fuel thus drawn into the auxiliary cylinder 46 back through the passageway 56 into the connecting passageway 38 and thence through the discharge valve 42 into the iinal discharge passageway 4I. The spring 53 holds the auxiliary pump plunger in its outermost position; and in this position of said plunger the sealing washer 5i carried' thereby is pressed tightly by i said spring and by the constant discharge pressure of the power pump e sainst the closure member 52 for the outer end of the auxiliary cylinder 46 and thus serves to close the vent openings 52a in said closure member.

Obviously,- the hereinbe'fore described pump admits of considerable modification without -departing from the invention. Therefore, I do not wish to be limited to the precise construction shown and described.

WhatI claim is:

1. A pump comprising a housing having a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder. said housing having an inlet passageway opening into said cylinder and a discharge passageway leading from said cylinder, an inwardly opening check valve in said inlet passageway, an out- Wardly opening check valve in said outlet passagewayresilient means for displacingA said piston in one direction, and driving means for 'f displacing said piston in the other direction, said rod in abutting relation to said piston in all positionsthereof. a v2 v;

2; A- pump. comprising ,av housing having a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder 4and dividing the latter into two pulsation chambers,` said housing having an inlet passageway with branches opening into the respective chambers and a discharge passageway `with branches leading from respective chambers, inwardly opening check valves-in the respective branches of said rinlet passageways, outwardly opening check valves inthe respective branches of said outlet y,passagewaysf resilient. means for displacing saidpiston in one-direction, .and driving means for-displacing said piston in the other direction. said driving means comprising a rod reciprocable in said housingv with-one end extending into one of saidv chambers co-axial with and in abutting relationtothe-adjacent end of said ."piston, an-inwardly opening thimble surrounding said rod outside of saidchamber with its closed end seated on but unsecured to the outer end' of said rcd .-an inwardly opening cam actuated tappet Y. cup surrounding said thimble and reciprocable in saidhousing axially of said cylinder, and a singlefspring interposed between said thimble and said tappetcup with its outer end seated onthe closed outer end of said tappet cup andwilth its inner end seated on said thimble adjacent to the open inner en d thereof.

3. A pump comprising a housing having a cylinder, a piston 4reciprocable in said cylinder anddividing the latter into'two pulsation chambers, said housing having an inlet passageway with branches opening into the respective chambers and a dischargeI passageway with branches leading from the respective chambers, inwardly opening check valves in the respective branches of said inlet passageway, outwardly opening check valves in the 'respective branches of said outlet passageway. resilient means for displacing said piston in one 'direction only. and driving means for displacing said piston in the other direction, said driving'mcans comprising a rod reciprocable in said housing with one end extending into one of said chambers co-axial with and in abutting relation to the adjacent end of said piston, an elongated inwardly open vthimble surrounding said rod outside of said cylinder and having an outv standing flange at its open inner end and having its closed uter end seated on but unsecured to the outer end of said* rod. an inwardly opening cam actuated tappet cup surrounding said thimble and reciprocable in said housing axially of said cylinder, and a single coil compression spring surroundng said thimble with its inner end seated against the closed outer end of said tappet cup and with the other end seated on the outstanding ange at the open inner end of said thimble.

4. A pump comprising a housing having a blind bore therein, a closure member snugly fitting withinl said bore intermediate between the' ends thereof and forming ajclosed pumpl chamber, a pistonreciprocable in said chamber; removable means for holding'saidclosure member in said bore against axialmovement'therein', a rod reciprocable insaid closure lmember Wit-h one'end. extending 'into said..

chamber 'in' abutting relation tothe adjacent end.

of said piston, ata'ppet cup reciprocable in said,

borel between' the open endthereof 'and said closure member, and a single spring forming the only operative connection f between vsaid -tappet cup, and said rod', said closure member, piston, rod, tappet cup and'spring being all. insertable in bore.'V

and r'emovablevflrom the open'v end of said blind.

5. A pump comprising a housing having 'a blind bore vtherein;"afclosure "member snuglyf. fitting within -said'bo'reintern1ediate between the endsthereof and 'forming aclosed ipump chamber, a piston reciprocable insaid chamber, -removable means for holding said vclosure memberain said.v

bore against axial movement ltherein, a rod reciprocable in said iclosure-member with one end extending into 'said chamber in abutting-relation to the adjacent endof saidplston, a tappet cup reciprocable' v'in said bore .between -the-open .end

thereof and said closuremember, -an elongatedcup-'shaped `member"located in saidtapp'et cup with its closed end-seated on theother end of said rod, and a single coil-compression spring interposed between said tappet cup and said cupshaped member with one end seated on said'cup-.

shaped member vinwardly of the outer end of said rod and vwith its :other end seated against xthe closed outer end of said'tappet cup.

6. A pump comprising a housing having -a blind bore therein, a closure member snugly fitting within said bore intermediate between the ends' thereof and forming a closed Apump chamber, said closure memberhaving a tubular `stern portion# extending in the directionof the open end of said bore, a piston reciprocable in said chamber, re-v movable means for holding said closure member in said bore against axial movement therein, a rod reciprocable in the tubular stem portion of said closure member with one end extending into said chamber in. abutting relation to the adjaing said stem portion of said closure, said thimble having an exterior shoulder adjacent to its open end, and a coil .compression spring interposed between said tappet cup and said thimble with one end seated againstthe bottom of said cup -and the other-.end seated on the shoulder adjacent to the inner open end of said thimble.

7. A vpump comprising a housing having .a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and dividing the latter into two expansiblechambers, said housing having an inlet passageway and inlet passageways opening into the respective chambers and outlet passageways leading from the respective chambers, inwardly opening check valves in said inlet passageways, outwardly opening check valves in said outlet passageways, said housing having a second cylinder and a passageway establishing communication between said second cylinder and said outlet passageways outwardly of the check valves therein, and a-second manually operable piston reciprocable in said second-cylinder.

8. A pumpcomprising.vaghousing having a cylinder, a. piston.. reciprocable .in said cylinder A and-dividing the'latter into two expansible chambers, said housing having. an inlet passageway.l

with branches leading to the respective chambers and anoutlet passageway with branches leading from the respective chambers, check valves in the respective branches ofsaid inletand outlet pas- -sageways, a check lvalve inthe discharge end of saidoutlet passageway, said housing having a second cylinderanda vpassageway establishing communicationbetween said cylinder and said outlet passageway between thecheck valves in .-thefbranches thereof and the .check valve at the discharge end thereof, and a manually operable piston` reciprocable in .said second cylinder. Y

9. A pump comprising a housing having acylinder, a piston reciprocable' in said cylinder and A. .dividing thelatter into two expansible chambers,v

said-housing having inlet passageways opening into the respective chambers and outlet passageways. leading from the respective chambers, inwardly opening check valves in said inlet passageways, outwardly opening check valves in said Voutlet passageways,.said housing having a second cylinder andI a1 passageway` establishing communication between said second cylinder and s aid ou'tlet passageways outwardly of the check valves ftherein, a second piston reciprocable in saidseccylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and dividing the latter into two. expansible charnbers, said housing having an inlet passageway with valvedv branches leading to. the respective chambers and-an outlet passageway with valved 4,branches .leadingirom the respective chambers,

said housing having a .second cylinder land a pas.- sageway establishing communicationv between said secondl cylinder and said outlet passageway. outwardly of the valve branches thereof, a manually operable piston reciprocable in said second cylinder, aclosure for the outer end of said second cylinder, said closure having vent g openings extending therethrough adapted to be' .closed by said manually operable piston in the outermost positionofv its sliding movement, and

a spring for yieldably vholding said manually operable piston in such position. 11. A double .acting pump comprising a housing having a cylinder, a 4piston reciprocable in .said cylinder and dividing the same 'into two pump chambers, saidA housing having inlet passageways communicating with the respective chambers,v inwardlyppening check valve means` in the respective inlet passageways, said housing having outlet passageways leading from the respective chambers and opening into a recess in the outer face ofv said housing, a valve plate snugly ntting said recess and having ports extending therethro'ugh'in register with the respective outlet .passageways an outlet cover removably securec; to said housing over said valve fplate and havinga recess in its valve plate opposing face forming a connecting passageway between said ports, l outwardly opening check valves for the respective ports mounted in said connecting passageway, a third port extending through said valve plate for establishing communication between said connecting passageway and one end of a groove in the bottom of the valve plate receiving recess, said outlet cover having a nal discharge passageway extending therethrough with its inner end in communication with a fourth port extending through said Valve plate and in communication with the other end of. said groove, an outwardly opening check valve for said fourth port located in said final discharge passageway said housing having a priming cylinder in continuous communication with the groove in the bottom of said valve plate receiving recess, and a priming plunger reciprocable in said priming cylinder.

12. A double acting pump comprising a housing having a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and dividing the same into two pump chambers, said housing having a valved inlet passageway communicating with both of said chambers, inwardly opening check valve means in said inlet passageway, said housing having outlet passageways leading from the respective chambers and opening into a recess in the outer face of said housing, a valve plate snugly tting mounted in said connecting passageway, a third n port extending through said valve plate .for establishing communication between said connecting passageway and one end of a groove in the bottom of the valve plate receiving recess, said outlet cover having a final discharge passageway extending therethrough with its inner end in communication with a fourth port extending through said valve plate in communication with the other end of said groove, an outwardly opening check valve for said fourth port located in said discharge passageway, said housing having a second cylinder and a manually operable plunger therein and a passageway communicating at one end with said second cylinder at the other end with the rst mentioned end of the groove in the bottom of the valve plate receiving recess in said housing.

13. A double acting pump comprising a housing having a cylinder and a piston reciprocable insaid cylinder and dividing the latter into two separate pump chambers, said housing having valved inlet and outlet passageways for the respective pump chambers, a spring for displacing said piston in one direction, and means for displacing said piston in the opposite direction in cluding a power operated member and a single spring between said member and said piston, the two springs being of substantially equal strength, whereby the position of said piston in said cylinder is determined by the balance of the forces of the two springs in the different positions of the power operated member and the length of the stroke of said piston vand the quantity of discharge varies according to the back pressure in the discharge passageways of said pump chambers.

HERBERT C. EDWARDS.

QERTIFICATE or CORRECTION. patent No. 2,290829 July 21, 19u2.

HERBERT C. EDWARDS.

It is'hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2, first column, line 52, for chambers 51|., ZLLa" read --chambers l514;, Elia-f.; and second colmmn, line 59, for "valave" read --valve; page h., first column, lines 66 and 67, claim Y; strike out "an inlet passageway and" and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

signed and sealed fehle-1st dey of september, A. D. 19142.

Henry Ven Arsdale, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

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