US2279038A - Bending machine - Google Patents

Description

SENDING MACHINE Filed March 22, 1940 I fz'sneets-she et 1 o as I' I g f Z 53 Z I r 63 I g 1 7* 1" v 6 "I- I w I v l0 a v as I 761* .2 74L 76 I JWAWIOA, A I faaizrrflq/irma 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 BENDING MACHINE R. A. GIFFORD Filed March 22, 1940 Agrin, 1942.

Patented Apr. 7, 1942 STATES PAT Nr OFFICE, 1

Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in machines for arcuately curving angle irons, and particularly to machines adapted to curve such irons and concurrently at option incline or straighten up the legs of the angles relatively to theplane in which such bending is done to accomplish a conical or frusto-cylindrical structure.

In bending or straightening angles and other shapes it is well known to use three sets of rollers having substantially parallel axes and to adjust the positioning of the center one of these axes relatively to the other two thereof, in order to accomplish either bending or straightening as the case may be. Some of these machines have additional means for contacting the sides or edges of the angle in a plane at right angles to the plane of the bend to insure that the resulting bent angle has one plane and one cylindrical surface. It is also well known in bending and straightening mills to have rolls with frusto-conical surface at right angles one to the other, and to provide means for driving certain of the rolls.

The objects of the present invention are:

To provide a bending machine which is adjustable to accomplish the arcuate curving of an angle iron to any desired radius.

To providea bending machine which will-bend an angle with one leg radially inward, or radially outward and the other leg upward or downward therefrom, to desired curvature.

To provide a bending machine which may be adjusted to bend an angl to desired curvature with one leg lying substantially along a plane and the other leg thereof cylindrically curved, or

which at option may be adjusted to curve said angle with its legs lying along complementary frusto-conical surfaces.

To provide a bending machine having three pairs of rolls, one of said pairs being adjustable relative to the other, in which the three pairs of rolls are driven at equal speeds.

To provide a bending machine having roll in pairs relatively adjustable for angle thickness, and having one pair of said rolls adjustable relatively to the other pairs thereof in directions at right angles to each other to respectively vary the curvature of the are along which said angle is rolled and accomplish a desired inclination of the legs of said angle to the plane of the arc in which said angle is rolled. To provide in an angle bending machine means for adjusting the angular inclination of the legs of the angle with respect to the plane of curvature;.and; i

To provide means for driving the bending rolls, and means for coordinating the speed at which the rolls are driven.

The means by which the foregoing and other objects are accomplished, and the manner of their accomplishment will readily be understood from the following specification on reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation taken along the transverse center line of the machine, being the line I--I of Fig. ,2, showing the means for adjusting the positioning of the center set of rolls to accomplish bending, the means for adjusting the rolls to accomplish variation in the angle of inclination of the legs of the angle, and the means for driving the rolls.

Fig. 2 is a plan View of the machine.

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of the machine on the line IIIIII of Fig. 4.

Fig. 4 is. a sectional plan of the machine taken on the line IVIV of Fig. 3.

Figs. 5 and 6 are sectional side elevations of an angle bent into a ring with the legs of the angle inclined to the plane of curvature, the horizontal leg of the angle being turned outward and'the vertical legs-upward and downward respectively.

Figs. 7 and 3 are corresponding views showing the angle bent to substantially the same curvature, but with the horizontal legs of the angle turned inward.

Referring now to the drawings in which the various parts are indicated by numerals: j

I8 is a base having a top II in which are turn ably mounted a pair of vertically disposed sleeves l2 spaced apart, these sleeves having shoulder portions l3 which rest on theuppersurface of the base and support the sleeves, and being re tained from longitudinal displacement relative to the base by collars or plates l4 suitably secured to the under end of the sleeve.

Each of the sleeves l2 has an integral frame l5 which is inclined substantially at an angle of forty-five degrees to the axis of the sleeve, in which frame a shaft I6 is suitably journalled. Forming an integral part of, or rigidly secured on,'this shaft is a roll I! having frusto-conical surfaces A, B and C arranged in abutting relation, these surfaces having a cone angle of ninety degrees for standard ninety degree angles, the smaller ends of thesurfaces A and B being of equal diameter and abutting and the larger ends of the surfaces B and C being of equal diameter and abutting, such roll types being well known.

Cooperating with theroll I! is a roll l8 having complementary frusto-conical surfaces, this roll being integral with, or rigidly secured on, a shaft I9 which is parallel to the shaft I6 and is suitably journalled in a journal box 28. The journal box 20 is slidably mounted in the frame I for movement toward and away from the shaft I6, this movement being accomplished as by a screw 2I manually operable and being adapted to shift the two rolls closer together or further apart to accommodate various thicknesses of angle iron.

Secured on the shaft I6 is a bevel gear 25 which meshes with a bevel pinion 26. The pinion 26 is secured on a vertical shaft 21 suitably journalled in the sleeve I2, a secondary sleeve 28 being introduced between the shaft 21 and sleeve I2 in order to accomplish the installationof the-pinion and its drive. The sleeve 23 is secured' against displacement by the plate I4. Secured on the outer end of the shaft 21 is a bevel gear 29, which meshes with a bevel pinion30, this pinion being suitably secured-on a shaft 3 I journalled in bearing portions 32, 33 of the frame I0 and extending exterior to the frame I 0. Secured on the outer end of the shaft 3|, is a gear 34, there being a like gear, similarly numbered, for the opposite drive and an intermediate gear 35 for driving the intermediate rolls, as will be later described. r The drive of one of the gears 34 and the gear 35 is accomplished by a pinion 36 secured on. the shaft 31 of an electric motor 38. v The remaining gear 34 is driven through the gear 35 and an idler 39, the pinion 36 and the idler 39,being of the same pitch diameterand the gears 34, and the gear 35 being also of equal diameter, though preferably substantiallylarger than the pinions 36 and 39 to accomplish reduction from the speed of the motor 38. v v V Disposed between the two sets of rolls I1 and I8 is an intermediate set of rolls 45, 46, these rolls being respectively substantial duplicates of the rolls I1, I8, and like these rolls having shafts 41, 48, the shaft 41 being jouralled in a frame 49 inclined in similar manner as are the frames I5,

jandfthe shaft 48 being journalled in a'suitable box 50 corresponding to the box and manually adjustable along the frame 49 by means of the screw 5| to approach or move the roll 46 toward or away from the roll 45 as before.

Secured on the shafts I6 are gears I6A,

which intermesh with gears I 9--A on the shafts I9, the teeth of the gears being of extra length in orderthat they may intermesh with varied thicknesses of angle interposed between the rolls.

The shafts 41 and 48 are similarlyprovided with lntermeshing gears 41-A, 48'A respectively.

1 The frame 49 has an integral shank 52, here shown' substantially rectangular to prevent turning, which is vertically slidable in a carrier 53, the shank'52 having vertical gibs 54, which slide in complementary grooves in the carrier 53 to insure accurate vertical movement. The carrier 53 is slidably mounted for horizontal movement on oppositely disposed horizontal guides or gibs 55 which are parallel to the plane containing the axes of the rolls 45, 46 and permit shifting movement of these rolls in such plane. The-carrier 53 is provided with an elongated nut 56 which is rigidly secured thereto against longitudinal displacement, or which-may be integral therewith. Threaded into the'nut is a screw 51 which is turnably mounted in the front wall of the base .III and which has collars 58 to prevent its longitudinal displacement. This screw is provided with a head 59 which may be engagedv and manuallyzoperated to shift the carrier 53 forward or backward along the guides 55. The shank 52 of the frame 49 is internally threaded, this threading for assembly purposes being in a sleeve 66 which is rigidly secured in the base portion as by a transverse pin 6|. Threaded into the sleeve is a hollow screw 62 which is turnably mounted in a transverse part 63 of the carrier 53, the screw 62 having a flange 64 which rests on the member 63 and supports the screw. Secured on the screw below the part 63 is a bevel gear 65 which abuts the underside of the part and prevents upward movement of the screw. The gear 65 meshes with a bevel pinion 66 which is secured on a shaft 61, turnably mounted in a portion of the frame 53. The shaft 61 extends freely through an opening 68 in the front wall of the base I0 and is squared to receive a wrench so that it may be turned. to turn the screw and raise or lower the frame 49.

. 'I ILis a bevelgear secured on the shaft 41 and adapted to turn the roll45. Meshing with the gear; 10 is a bevel pinion H which is secured on a shaft 12 journalled in the hollow screw 62. The lower end of the shaft extends slidably through a bevel gear 13 and is additionally journalled in a bracket 16, 16--A forming part of the carrier 53, the bracket preventing vertical movement of the gear. The shaft 12 has a keyway 12 A- with which a spline (not shown) within the hub of the gear 13 slidably engages. The gear 13 meshes with a bevel pinion 14 which is secured on a shaft 15, the shaft being journalledjadjacent the pinion 14 in the bracket 16. The shaft 15 extends laterally through and is slidably'mountedlin the gear 35. The gear carriesa 'spline11 and the shaft 15 is provided with a complementary key-way 18 in which the spline 11 slides, giving driving connection between the gear'35 and the shaft 15, but permitting sliding movement of the shaft with respect to the gear. Thejgear 15 is provided with an elongated hub which is journalled in the rear portion of the frame I0."

Through the above construction it is possible to shift the rolls 45'and 46 forward and backward in the plane of their axes and to raise orlower them in the same plane and at the same time accomplish the positive drive of the rolls at the same speed that therolls I1, I8 are driven.

The side edges of th'e'carrier 53 are provided with rack teeth 82 and the sleeves I2 are provided'with arcuate sectors 83 having teeth thereon meshing with the racks, 82, the sectors 83 preferably being integral with the sleeves, but at least'bein'g rigidly secured thereto. Movement then of the carrier 53 to laterally shift the frame 49 and the rolls 45, 46 turns the sleeves I2 and the framesjI5 carried thereby to adjust the angular position of the plane of the roll axes I1, I8 with respect to the plane'of the axes of the rolls 45 and 46.

- The machine just described is primarily used forbending angle iron; If the angle iron is to be bent to fit a cylindrical surface the center pair of rolls 45,- 46 are adjusted vertically to the same level asthe rol1s I1, I8. The rolls 46 and I8 are moved away from the rolls 45 and respectively. The angle iron is placedin the rolls either withthelvertical leg .upward, as shownin Fig. '1, or with the vertical leg downward, as shown in Fig.3. 1 The surfaces A, B of the rolls I1, in Fig. 3, and the correspondingand complementary surfaces of the other rolls being used in the first instance and the surfaces B, C of the rolls I1 and thesimilarfand complementary surfaces of theother rolls' 'bein g-used thesec'ond instance; In either case the"rolls}are then tightened through the intermediaryof"the"screws 2] and screw fil to' clamp against the angle." The frame 'wfcarrying'therdlls 45, GSare then shifted horition 0f" the rolls would 'be"to"compress this flange and stretch the vertical flangelj Shouldthe horizontal-leg be-in the oppositedirection, the action would be to stretch the horizontal leg with com: pressive strain on ,the vertical leg, and in either event the -curvature "accomplished would cause the bent angle 90 to curve outward to the left in a substantially horizontal plane with the vertical leg of the angle cylindrically curved.

Should there be a twist of the plane of curvature to the left of the rolls downward or upward, a downward or upward shift respectively of the center set of rolls would tend to stretch the bottom or top of the angle as the case might be and restore the plane to horizontal.

Should it be desired to form a ring having frusto-conical angle surfaces, the vertical shifting of the rolls to accomplish greater stretch top or bottom as the case may be, is continued until the desired angle is obtained.

In Fig. 5 an angle ring 9fl-D is shown which has been formed by passing an angle through the rolls as shown in Fig. l with the center rolls depressed to establish a -60 degree cone angle, the position assumed by the plane of the ring being indicated in Fig. l by the dash lines similarly designated, it apparently being clearly evident that if the center rolls be so depressed the lower edge of the vertical leg of the angle will be stretched and thereby lengthened with the obvious resulting coning.

Fig. 6 and Fig. l correspondingly showthe angle ring Bil-E resulting from raising the center rolls in corresponding manner, and in Fig. 7 and Fig. 2, and Fig. 8 and Fig. 2 the'corresponding resulting rings 9ll-F and 9llG are shown.

It will be understood that the 30-60 degree angles shown in the drawings are arbitrarily selected and that any angle from 0-90 degrees to -45 degrees may be had by variation in the amount of raising or depression of the center rolls.

It will also be understood that the center set of rolls may not be power rolls, but it has been found that driving them is of obvious advantage particularly where small diameter rings are rolled on where considerable coning is to be-eflected.

I claim:

1. In an angle bending machine, two roll sets spaced laterally apart, and a third roll set therebetween, each roll set comprising a pair of complementary rolls, each having frusto-conical surfaces, said rolls being suitably journalled on parallel axes inclined in the plane of said axes at an angle of substantially forty-five degrees, means, each mounting an outer said roll set for turning movement about a substantially vertical axis and for restraining movement of said set along said axis, means for supporting said central roll set with the plane of the roll axes-transverse to the plane containing the said vertical axes of the outer roll sets, means for shifting said central roll set horizontally in the plane of its roll axes, means cooperating with said shift- 'fihit o ,t rr nt y tical axes; means terrol'lsetfrela meainsfifordrivingall'ofjfsaidrollsi l a m an f e q i g nia bo v with l alnfl in whichonly' the'bu'ter Sets of rolls" are driveri/ Y I 3. In an angle bending ma frfijttvdroll sets "spacfld'latera'lly apart" arid hird Troll set thereaboiit 7 said a, v

. q j ing'jan outer said about a substantially vertical axis and for restraining vertical movement of said set, means for supporting said central .set of rolls against turning movement with the plane of the roll axes transverse to the plane containing the said vertical turning axes of the outer sets of rolls, means for shifting said central set of rolls horizontally in the plane of its said roll axes, means cooperating with said shifting means for turning said outer sets of rolls concurrently in opposite directions about said vertical axes, means for vertically shifting said center set of rolls relastaii' any tively to said outer sets of rolls, and means for driving said outer sets of rolls.

4. An angle bending machine in accordance with claim 3 in which all three sets of rolls are driven.

5. In an angle bending machine, two roll sets spaced laterally apart and a third roll set therebetween, each roll set comprising a pair of com plementary rolls suitably journalled on substantially parallel axes inclined in the plane of said axes,said rolls having frusto-conical surfaces arranged in undulatory succession, means each mounting an outer said roll set for turning movement about a substantially vertical axis and for restraining vertical movement of said set, means for supporting said central roll set against turningmovement with the plane of its roll axes transverse to the plane containing the said vertical turning axes of the outer roll set, means for shifting said central roll set horizontally in the plane of its 'roll axes,'means for vertically shifting said center set of rolls relatively to said outer sets of rolls, and means for driving said rolls.

6. In a machine for bending angle irons and the like, the combination of a central unit, including a pair of cooperative rolls having axes lying in a plane, and two complementaryside units, each including a pair of. cooperative rolls,

means for driving at least one of said units, and

independent means, for respectively forcibly shifting said central unit in the plane of said axes, in

two directions substantially at right angles.

7. In a machine for bending angle irons and the like, the combination of a central unit, including a pair of cooperative rolls having axes lying in a plane, and two side units, each including a pair of cooperative rolls substantially symmetrically disposed with relation to said plane, means for driving at least one of said units, and independent means, for respectively forcibly shifting said central unit in the plane of said axes, in. two directions substantially at right angles. 1

8. In a machine for bending angle irons and the like, the combination of a central unit, including a pair of cooperative rolls havingaxes out helmet ga pair of comlying in a plane, and two side units, each including a pair of cooperative rolls substantially symmetrically disposed with relation to said plane,-:

means for driving, at least one of said units, and

independent means, forirespectively forcibly accomplishing relative {shift of 'said central and side units, in shift directions substantially fat right'angles and parallel to the axial planeof said central roller pair.

9. In a machine for bending angle irons and the like, the combination of a central unit, in-

cluding a pair of cooperative rolls havingaxes lying in a vertical plane, and two complementary. side units, each including a pair of cooperative rolls having aiges respectively disposed in verticalplanessubstantially equally spaced on opposite sides of said central plane, means for driv j ing at least one of said units, and independent means, for respectively forcibly shifting said central unit in the plane of its axes in twodirections substantially at right angles.

- 10. In a machine for bending angle irons and the like, the combination of alcentral unit, in-

cluding :agpair of cooperative rolls having axes lying in avertical plane, and two complementary side units, each including a pair of cooperative rolls'having axes respectively lying in planes disposed parallel to and on opposite sides of said central plane, independent means for shifting said central unit respectively in two directions substantially .at. right angles, in said vertical plane, and means for driving said rollers.

ROBERT A. GIFF'ORD.

Images