US2272777A - Cadmium coating - Google Patents
Cadmium coating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2272777A US2272777A US310145A US31014539A US2272777A US 2272777 A US2272777 A US 2272777A US 310145 A US310145 A US 310145A US 31014539 A US31014539 A US 31014539A US 2272777 A US2272777 A US 2272777A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cadmium
- alkali
- iron
- brass
- coatings
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 25
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 21
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001661 cadmium Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHMJUOSYSOOPDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium cyanide Chemical compound [Cd+2].N#[C-].N#[C-] NHMJUOSYSOOPDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUNONZJRSYCEGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium oxalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC#N.[Cd] YUNONZJRSYCEGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#[C-] MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
Definitions
- Patented F b. 10, 1942 canmom-cos'rmc y Georg Renter, Markranstadt, near für.
- This invention relates to the deposition of it the bath-containslargeexcessive amounts of coatings of cadmiumwithout application oikan outside source of current, by way oi aqueous solutions 01 cadmium salts.
- the articles to be coated are treated in potassium cyanide solutions or alkali solutions of cadmiumsalt which show an excess of freealkalLcyanides or caustic alkali many times that of the dissolved cadmium metal.
- the cadmium coating may be deposited, e. g., on copper, brass, copper plated or brass plated iron, but also directly on iron. The coating is most easily formed in an'adherent and brilliant form on surfaces or alloys like brass.
- Cyanogen-cadmium baths are well known in galvano-technics, which for attainingbright and brilliant coatings'by application of electric current contain a certain excess oi caustic soda and cyanide of sodium. Such baths, mowever,
- I cannot be used in connection with a hot treatment without electric current. Moreover, it has alkali cyanides or caustic alkali in relation to the cadmium dissolved.
- the production of um coatings directly upon' blank iron can be attained by boiling the 'articlesin very hot fbaths at-temperature'sexceeding 100 C.
- Such temperatures according to the'invention can be made possible by a considerable admixture of soda or by a heavy increase of the'amount of free, excessive caustic alkali in the. contents of the bath.
- Some alkali cyanidecan also be. provided, it available. 'Provided that sufficiently high temperatures are attained, the direct coating of blank iron with cadmium does not offer any difilculties. The cadmium is deposited in an adherent .iorm, which can be easily polished and oflers good protection against corrosion.
- the bathcan be composed as follows: v
- a process ofproducing adherent coatings of cadmium on a metaloi the group consisting of copper,-brass. iron, copper-plated iron, and
- a process for the production of adherent coatings of cadmium on iron, without application of an outside source of electric current. by means of a boiling treatment, in which the articles to be coated are treated in aqueous solutions oi the group consisting of potassium cyanide solutions and alkali solutions of cadmium salts which'contain an excess of alkali oi the group consisting of alkali cyanides and caustic alkali manytimes by weight that of the dissolved cadmiurn metal and in which the boiling treatment is carried out at a temperature exceeding 100 C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Patented F b. 10, 1942 canmom-cos'rmc y Georg Renter, Markranstadt, near Leipzig.
No Applieationliecember zo,1'9a9,se-
rial No. 310,145. In Germany'Apl-il 27 1937 This invention relates to the deposition of it the bath-containslargeexcessive amounts of coatings of cadmiumwithout application oikan outside source of current, by way oi aqueous solutions 01 cadmium salts.
The process of depositing e. g. silver, copper or. tin as metal coatings in a .simple and economical manner according to the so-called immersion or hot bathprocess, without application oi any outside source of electric current, is'wvell known. It isalso possible to produce nickel and brass deposits in the same manner. Greatdifllculties have been encountered, however, in the deposition of zinc or cadmium from aqueous solutions without application 0! any outside source of electriccurrent. It has been suggested to produce metal coatings of cadmium on aluminum by dipping cleaned parts of aluminum into a solution of complex cadmium-cyanide previously heated to 60 C. This, however, yields only a very thin coating which does not ofier any efli cient protection. It has further been-suggested to produce metal deposits on ironby boiling with a mixed solution of cadmium salt and tin-salt.
It has been found, however, that by means of such a solution the deposition oi pure cadmiumis not possible.
It is the object of the '.present invention to provide a system of depositing adherent coatings of cadmium upon other metals, withoutapplication of any outside source of electric current, from aqueous solutions of cadmium salts, i. e.,
of at least the same thickness, as is,possible with silver or tin. According to the invention,
the articles to be coated are treated in potassium cyanide solutions or alkali solutions of cadmiumsalt which show an excess of freealkalLcyanides or caustic alkali many times that of the dissolved cadmium metal. The cadmium coating may be deposited, e. g., on copper, brass, copper plated or brass plated iron, but also directly on iron. The coating is most easily formed in an'adherent and brilliant form on surfaces or alloys like brass.
Cyanogen-cadmium baths are well known in galvano-technics, which for attainingbright and brilliant coatings'by application of electric current contain a certain excess oi caustic soda and cyanide of sodium. Such baths, mowever,
I cannot be used in connection with a hot treatment without electric current. Moreover, it has alkali cyanides or caustic alkali in relation to the cadmium dissolved.
According to the invention the production of um coatings directly upon' blank iron,. can be attained by boiling the 'articlesin very hot fbaths at-temperature'sexceeding 100 C. Such temperatures according to the'invention, can be made possible by a considerable admixture of soda or by a heavy increase of the'amount of free, excessive caustic alkali in the. contents of the bath. Some alkali cyanidecan also be. provided, it available. 'Provided that sufficiently high temperatures are attained, the direct coating of blank iron with cadmium does not offer any difilculties. The cadmium is deposited in an adherent .iorm, which can be easily polished and oflers good protection against corrosion. With,
certain sorts oi iron the coating with cadmium is facilitated by a previous short pickling treatment with mineral acids or similar, acids.
For the deposition of cadmium coatings on articles made of brass, according tothe invention, the bathcan be composed as follows: v
About 4 grams cadmium in the form of its oxide, chloride. carbonate or in some other form of salt. About?!) to 150 grams alkali cyanide, 1000'grams water, temperature: 40 to 70 C.
For depositing cadmium coatings on blankerence but is broader in scope and capable of,
other embodiments than those specifically described.-
I claim:
' l. A process of producing adherent coatings of cadmium to be deposited'on a metal of the group consisting of copper, brass, iron, copper.-
plated iron, and brass plated iron, without the application of an outside source of electric current, by' means of a hot bath treatment, in which the articles to be coated are treated in hot aqueous alkali cadmium salt solutions which contain an excess of free caustic alkali many times by weight that oi'the dissolved cadmium metal.
55 it. A" process ofproducing adherent coatings of cadmium on a metaloi the group consisting of copper,-brass. iron, copper-plated iron, and
brass plated iron, without application 01 an outside source of electric current, by means 01a hot bath-treatment, in which the articles to be coated are treated'in hot aqueous alkali cadmium salt solutions which'contain an excess of iree times by weight that of the dissolved cadmium metal.
; 4. A-processfor the production of adherent coatings of-cadmium on a metal 01 .the group consisting of copper, brass, iron, copper-plated iron, and brass plated iron without application of an outside source of electric current, by means of a hot bath treatment, in which the articles to be coated are treated in hot aqueous potassium cyanide solutions of cadmium salt which contain an excess of free caustic alkali many times by welghtithat of the dissolved cadmium metal.
5. A process for the production of adherent coatings of cadmium on iron, without application of an outside source of electric current. by means of a boiling treatment, in which the articles to be coated are treated in aqueous solutions oi the group consisting of potassium cyanide solutions and alkali solutions of cadmium salts which'contain an excess of alkali oi the group consisting of alkali cyanides and caustic alkali manytimes by weight that of the dissolved cadmiurn metal and in which the boiling treatment is carried out at a temperature exceeding 100 C.
, '6. A process for the production of adherent coatings'of cadmium on iron without application of an outside source of electric current, by means 0! a boiling treatment, inwhich the articles to be coated are treated in aqueous cadmium salt solutions of the group consisting of potassium cyanide solutions and alkali solutions of cadmium salts which contain an excess of alkali oi the group consisting of alkali cyanides and caustic alkali many times by weight that of the dissolved cadmium metal and in whichthe boiling treatment is carried out at a temperature eit-v acceding 100 0., this temperature being made possible by a heavy addition to the bath of an alkali of the group consisting of soda and caustic alkali. a
'7. A process for the production of an adherent coating oi cadmium on brass without application of an outside source of electric current, by means of a hot bath treatment in which the articles to be coated are treated in a' solution of approximately four parts by weight of a substance selected irom the group consisting of the oxide and the salts of cadmium, between 70 and 150 parts by weight of an alkali cyanide in 1000 parts by weight of water at a temperature between 40 to C. 8. A process for the production 01' an adherent coating of cadmium on blank iron without application of an outside source of electric current by means of a boiling treatment, in which the articles to be coated are treated in a bath containing between 5 and 8 partsby weight of a substance selected from the group consisting of the oxide and the salts of cadmium, between 1200 and 1400 parts by weight of a caustic alkali,
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2272777X | 1937-04-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2272777A true US2272777A (en) | 1942-02-10 |
Family
ID=7993281
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US310145A Expired - Lifetime US2272777A (en) | 1937-04-27 | 1939-12-20 | Cadmium coating |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2272777A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2653179A (en) * | 1951-07-26 | 1953-09-22 | John H Baldwin | Primary battery and method of making the same |
-
1939
- 1939-12-20 US US310145A patent/US2272777A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2653179A (en) * | 1951-07-26 | 1953-09-22 | John H Baldwin | Primary battery and method of making the same |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US2369620A (en) | Method of coating cupreous metal with tin | |
| US2559878A (en) | Zinc and cadmium passivating bath | |
| US2650886A (en) | Procedure and bath for plating on aluminum | |
| US2282511A (en) | Coating cupreous surfaces with tin | |
| US2483510A (en) | Composition for dip coating solution and dip process for coloring zinc | |
| US2662831A (en) | Method of bonding copper to aluminum or aluminum alloys | |
| US2159510A (en) | Method of coating copper or its alloys with tin | |
| US2702768A (en) | Ferrous surface coating process using alkali metal phosphates and hydroxylamines | |
| US2817610A (en) | Method for the production of black oxide coatings on steel and iron and composition therefor | |
| GB1272536A (en) | Electroplating solutions and process for electroplating using such solutions | |
| US744170A (en) | Process of depositing metallic coatings on metallic objects. | |
| US2497119A (en) | Method of coating ferrous metals with aluminum | |
| US2748066A (en) | Process of enameling steel | |
| US2272777A (en) | Cadmium coating | |
| US2548419A (en) | Method for production of lustrous zinc | |
| US2706692A (en) | Method of bonding vitreous enamels and articles produced thereby | |
| US3305389A (en) | Process of coating lead with tin | |
| US3338725A (en) | Novel plating process and composition | |
| US2066180A (en) | Production of protective coating on aluminum and noncuprous alloys thereof | |
| US2161556A (en) | Dip-soldering | |
| US2078917A (en) | Method of attaching rubber to metal and articles produced thereby | |
| US2371725A (en) | Lead-coated steel | |
| US2066181A (en) | Production of protective coating on aluminum and noncuprous alloys thereof | |
| GB466661A (en) | Process of cleaning metal surfaces | |
| US2543365A (en) | Method of tin coating ferrous metal articles and bath therefor |