US2266111A - Permanent waving of hair - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 16, 1941. wlLLAT 2,266,111

PERMANENT WAVING OF HAIR Filed June 26, 1937 SECTI 0N THRU "fi-a" v r l INVENTOR.

Patented Dec. 16, 1941 PERMANENT WAVING OF HAIR Arnold F. Willat, San Rafael, CaliL, assignor to said Arnold F. Willat, trustee Application June 26, 1937, Serial No. 150,574

12 Claims.

My invention relates to improvements in the process for cold permanent waving of hair.

Cold permanent waving of hair means the permanent waving of hair by the use of chemicals but without the use of applied heat above body tolerance. I

The principalobjects of this invention are to provide a method of:

(a) Giving a permanent wave on a human head, using quick acting chemicals on rolled hair but without using applied heat.

(b) Permitting the use of softening chemicals in the giving of a permanent wave, using the present methods of winding, and controlling the (d) Neutralizing a prior chemical in a roll of hair while in wound form.

(e) Forcibly drying hair while in wound form.

Additional advantages and objects will appear as the specification proceeds.

It is understood that various changes may be made in the one described form of the invention and in minor details of the process, within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention, for example the curling rods, as hereinafter described, may be open at both ends so that chemicals may be carried from one rod to another, and for winding hair in the so-called spiral fashion (helically) the outside surface of the curling rod may be of more uniform diameter and the ends of the hair fastened in any of the usual modes. In the accompanying drawing, which exemplifies one form of apparatus for practicing the process,

Figure I shows side view of curling rod with clamping frame and tongue, open.

Figure II shows top view of curling rod with clamping frame in locked position and tongue closed.

Figure III shows a sectional side view of curling rod only. 1

Figure IV shows an end view of curling rod with clamping frame open and tongue closed.

The process may best be described in connection with description of one form of apparatus which may be employed for practicing the steps of the method. There is provided a curler which consists of rod I with a tongue 2 for holding the ends of the hair in winding (croquignole fashion) and clamping frame 3 for keeping hair from unwinding, as ordinarily is used in making water curls. Clamping frame 3 is hinged to ears 4 formed on the collar I2 which is free to rotate on curling rod but which cannot come off. The ends of the clamping frame 3 are in the form of hooks I3 which produce a friction on the end of the curling rod when clamping frame 3 is in closed position. The clamping lock III on therod I there is nipple I for connecting to a rub v ber tube, to which may be connected any suitable forcing pressure means such as well-known bulbous types.

Through center of curling rod I, from nipple I to the last hole 5, there is a bore 8. I

Near one end of curling rod I are trunnions 9 upon which the tongue 2 is hinged.

By curling tube is meant a curling rod with a bore through center, either part way or all the way.

The preferred method of operation is as follows:

A lock of hair is wet with water, the end is caught between tongue 2 and rod I, then wound on rod I and tongue 2 in usual way spirally over itself, to near the scalp, whereupon clamp frame 3 is locked in closed position in recess II to prevent hair from unwinding. As many curlersas desired may be used.

A hair softening chemical is now forced, by means of pressure, through bore 8 and out directively to the hair through holes 5 and distributed by grooves B through wound hair. By a hair softening chemical is meant any chemical which will relieve the strains in the cellular structure of the hair due to its bent position around the curler.

When softening solution has been on the hair for the desired length of time, water is then forced through bore 8 and out through holes 5 to rinse solution from hair.

Any chemical that will rinse or neutralize the hair softening solution and thereby harden the cellular structure of the hair, may be forced through the wound hair in like manner.

After rinsing or neutralizing is completed, hair may be dried in wound position by forcing warm dry air through curler and hair.

The permanent waving is completed and the hair should then be unwound.

Wetting the hair before winding is not essential.

In\ the next four following paragraphs are given\examples of chemicals which may be employed in the process, with varying conditions of treatment, but these are by way of example only and are not a limitation of the invention.

Some hair softening chemicals, such as strong hydroxides of the metals sodium or potassium,

tion to neutralize these solutions and even dry them out of the wound hair so that the hair will remain permanently curled.

Other hair softening chemicals, such as certain sulphides, do not require a neutralizing or a drying out, but a water rinse only is sufllcient in order to leave the hair in such strong condition that it will retain the permanent wave.

The standard hot wave curling solutions will also produce the permanent by this cold method without rinsing, neutralizing or drying,.while the chemical through the roll of hair, and removing the said chemical from said roll after sufiicient softening of the hair, while maintaining the roll of hair at a temperature comfortable to unprotected body tolerance, the forcing action contributing to more accurate timing and control of g the steps of the waving process.

2. A process for the cold permanent waving of hair on the human head comprising forming a lock of hair into a roll, forcing a softening chemical through the roll of hair, and forcing a rinsing fluid through said roll of hair to remove the softening chemical, while maintaining the roll of hair at a temperature comfortable to unprotected human body tolerance,.the forcing action contributing'to more accurate timing and control of the steps of the waving process.

3. A process for cold permanent waving of hair on the humanhead comprising forming a lock of hair into a roll, forcing a hair softening chemical through the roll of hair, leaving the said softening chemical in said roll of hair for a predetermined length of time and then rinsing said roll with a neutralizing chemical, while maintaining the roll of hair at a temperature comfortable to unprotected body tolerance, the forcing action contributing to more accurate timing and control of the steps of the waving process.

4. A process for cold permanent waving of hair on the human head comprising the steps of forming a lock of hair into a roll having an opening therethrough, forcing of a chemical capable of softening hair through the thickness of the body of the roll of hair, removing said chemical after a predetermined length of time, and meanwhile maintaining the roll of hair at a temperature comfortable to unprotected human body tolerance, the forcing action contributing to more accurate timing and control of'the steps of the waving process. I

5. In a process for the cold permanent waving of hair on the human head, steps including applying a hair softening solution to a lock of hair and the forming of the lock of hair into a roll, and the step of forcing a rinsing fluid through the roll of hair, while maintaining the rolled hair at a temperature comfortable to unprotected human body tolerance, the forcing action. contributing to more accurate timing and control of the steps of the waving process.

6. A process for the cold permanent waving of hair on the human head comprising the winding of hair into a tubular body form, forcing a hair softening chemical through the thickness of the body of the wound hair between the inner and outer faces of the tubular body and forcing a rinsing chemical through the body of the wound hair in the same manner to remove the softening chemical therefrom, the forcing action contributing to more accurate timing and control of the steps of the waving process.

7. A process for cold permanent waving of hair on the human head comprising the winding of a lock of hair into a tubular form, forcing a hair softening chemical through the wound hair from the inside of the tubular form thereof, and after a definite time rinsing the softening chemical from the wound hair by forcing a rinsing solution through the roll of hair, the forcing action contributing to more accurate timing and control of the steps of the waving process.

8. A process for the cold permanent waving of hair on the human head comprising the wetting of the hair with a liquid, winding a lock of the wet hair into a tubular roll, forcing a hair softening chemical through the wound hair, removing the said softening chemical with liquid after a predetermined length of time while maintaining the rolled hair at a temperature comfortable to unprotected human body tolerance, the foreing action contributing to more accurate timing and control of the steps of the waving process.

9. A process for the cold permanent waving of hair on a human head comprising the wetting of the hair with a liquid,,winding-the wet hair into rolls, forcing a hair softening chemical through the wound hair rolls, and forcing a rinsing solution through the wound hair to remove the said softeningchemical after it has caused a softening of the hair, the forcing action contributing to more accurate timing and control of the steps of the waving process.

10. A process for the cold permanent waving of hair on the human head comprising the forcing of a hair softening chemical through a roll of hair and drying the hair by forcing air through the roll after the desired amount of softening of the hair has taken place, the forcing action contributing to more accurate timing and control of the steps of the waving process.

11. A process for the cold permanent wavin of hair on a human head comprising the steps of forming a lock of hair into a roll, directively inducing a pressure activated flow of hair softening chemical liquid through the rolled hair, removing the said chemical from said roll after sufficient softening of the rolled hair while maintaining the rolled hair at a temperature comfortable to unprotected body tolerance, the di-| rectively induced pressure actuated flow contributing to more accuratetiming and control of the steps of the waving process. I

12. A process for the cold permanent waving of hair on a human head comprising the steps of forming a lock of hair into a roll, directively inducing a pressure activated flow of hair softening chemical liquid through the rolled hair by pressure, removing the said chemical from said roll after sufficient softening of the rolled hair, while maintaining the rolled hair at a temperature comfortable to unprotected body tolerance, the directively induced pressure actuated flow contributing to more accurate timing and control of the steps of the waving process.

ARNOLD F. wmn'r.

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