US2119581A - Combination fuel burner - Google Patents

Description

June 7, 1938. T. F. SULLIVAN COMBINATION FUEL BURNER Filed'Jan. 28, 1936 INVENTOR. Thomas ii sul/ivan ATTORNEY.

r i a r" i L z ,119. 81""" UNITED .STATES PATENT oF ica cormmnrron FUEL" B RNER Thomas F. Sullivan, Chicago, Ill., assignmto The Babcock a Wilcox Company, Newark, N. J.,. a corporation of New Jersey Application January 2a, 1936, Serial No..61,139 I 17 Claims. (Cl.158-12) My present invention 1 relates in general to downwardly diverging in two directions and fuel burners adapted for eiiiciently burning a divided into aseries of discharge nozzles IS. The plurality of different fluid fuels, either separately nozzle-forming parts are proportioned and aror simultaneously. ranged to provide a substantially uniform distri 5 The general object of my invention is the probution of the fuel to the several nozzles, each of' 5 vision of. an improved fuel burner construction which terminates in a substantially rectangular 0f the type described, and more particularly a discharge opening at the outer side of and spaced combination fuel burner adapted for installation from a corresponding tube i2. 'As installed,.each in a furnace wall having a row of cooling fluid nozzle is preferably directly above 9. correspond- 1o tubes associated therewith. A further and more ingltube and the, longitudinal 'axis of the nozzle specific object is thevprovision in a combination discharge opening coplanar with the axis of the fuel burner for pulverized and gaseous fuels and corresponding tube, so that the discharge from embodying fuel dispersal devices for the pulvereach pulverized fuel nozzle would impinge upon ized fuel, of improved means for supplying the the outer side of the corresponding tube Ill and gaseous fuel. be divided thereby into two streams entering the- The various features of novelty which charfurnace through the intertube spaces at the opacterize my invention are pointed outwith par posite sidesof the corresponding tube. The tubes ticularity in the claims annexed to and forming would thus act as fuel dispersal devices for the a part of this specification. For a better undercorresponding pulverized fuel nozzles, while at standing of the'invention, its operating advanthe same time protecting the nozzles from over- '20 taxes andspecific objects attained by its use, heating in view of their absorption of a substanreference should be had to the accompanying tial portion of the heat radiated from the furnace drawing and descriptive matter in which I have through the burner port. a

illustrated and described preferred embodiments The describedipulverized fuel discharge parts .6 of myinvention. described are enclosed by a casing 20 which ex- 7 Of the drawing: tends outwardly from the boundaries of the fuel Fig. 1 is a vertical section through a tube cooled burner port and is connected to any suitable comfurnace arch in which is installed a combinabustion air supply system, so that combustion air tion fuel burner constructed in accordance with willflow not only around the ends of the-pulvery i v ntion: v I ized fuel burner but also through the channelswo Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line 2-- of 2| formedbetween the pulverized fuel discharge 8- 1; nozzles, andthen through the intertube spaces Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of one 'of'the therebelow. gaseous fuel discharge members and fuel supply To avoid the excessive wear which would occur to connection theretozsnd on the burner port tube portions due to the imat Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2 of a half sec.- pingement of the pulverized fuel, these tube portion of a modified burner construction. tions are provided at their outer sides with fuel In Figs. 1-8 is'shown oneembodiment of. my dispersal members 22 of any suitable heat and improved combination fuel burner arranged to wear-resistant material. Each of the members 40 discharge downwardly through a horizontally ex- 22 has its inner side shaped to fit the outer side 40 tending tube cooled furnace wall, such as the of the'corresp'onding tube It and'its outer portion arch of a steam boiler furnace. As shown, the symmetrically tapered outwardly and rounded to arch includes a row of transversely spaced tubes provide a substantially equal division of the pul- II in the boiler circulation system with the inverized fuel stream impinging thereon.

tertube spaces closed by blocks ll. Some of the According to my invention alternate fuel dis- .4 blocks are omitted to form a rectangular port if persal members are employed as fluid fuel disin the arch and across which the tubes Ill 'excharge manifolds. For this purpose such altertend in spaced relation, and through which the hate members 22'. are made hollow and substanfuel and combustion air are downwardly distially crescent-shaped in cross-section with their charged into the furnace. horn portions terminating at about the center 50 The combination fuelburner comprises parts line of the'tube row andprovided with one or for, discharging apulverized solid fuel, such as more rows'of small discharge openings or orifices. pulverized coal, and other parts for discharging 23 in the tips thereof, as shown in detail in Fig. 3. a fluid fuel. such as natural gas. The pulverized At one end of each member'll' is connected 0. fuel burner parts consist ofv atip member it nipple 24 leading to a corresponding header II, as

7 located in .the inner ends of alternate air passages 2| and extending parallel to the corresponding member 22. The opposite ends of the headers 25 are connected to a tapering supply duct 26 arranged within the air casing 20 and externally connected by a pipe 2! to a suitable source of gaseous fuel. The fuel dispersal parts 22 and 22 are supported on and held in thermal contact with the corresponding wall tubes. The pulverized 'fuel burner tip member 55 is supported at adjustable distances from the parts 22 and 22 by lugs 28 on the nipples 26 and brackets 29 on the tip member connected by set screws 30, as shown most clearly in Fig. 3.

With the fuel burner constructed and arranged as described and employed for'the separate or simultaneous use of pulverized coal and natural gas, for example, the pulverized coal and primary air will be discharged in. elongated streams against the corresponding fuel dispersal devices which divide each stream into two parts entering the furnace through the adjacent intertube spaces. The division of the fuel streams and the deflection of each part into an adjacent secondary air flow path insures an intimate and rapid mixing of the fuel with the air required for1combustion before entering the'furnace, so that efiective short flame combustion is insured. When natural gas is to be burned along with the pulverized coal, the jets of gas are discharged into the issuing streams of pulverized coal and air and rapidly mix therewith adjacent the furnace wall, promoting the combustion of the coal particles. When gas alone is burned, the gas jets mix with the streams of secondary air passing through the corresponding intertube spaces. In either case, the use of a multiplicity of small gas jets will promote the mixing action and insure the burner nozzles directed only against tube protectors on alternate tubes, the divided'pulverized fuel streams from the nozzles will enter the furnace through separate intertube spaces. Tube protectors 4| are installed on the wall tubes inter: mediate. the gas manifolds 22'. The tube protectors 4| are hollow, each having a concave inner plate 42 fitting against the outer side of the corresponding tube, and a. hyperbolic outer plate 43 extending into the space between adjacent fuel nozzles 40 and its sides substantially parallel .to the adjacent nozzle sides. This arrangement provides a directional discharge of secondary air through the burner port and also a uniform increase in velocity down to the burner intertube spaces. The plates 42 and 43 are tack welded together and to the corresponding tubes.

The tube protectors 4| are filled with suitable heat insulating material 44, such as asbestos, to

maintain a temperature on the plates 43 lower than the wall temperature of the tubes ill. The gas manifolds 22' have provisions for air venting and thereby cooling of the same during pulverized fuel or'idle burner operation. The lowered temperature inthe spaces between and at the outer sides of the wall tubes resulting from this arrangement eliminates coking and ignition of the pulverized fuel in these spaces.

While in accordance with the provisions of the statutes I have illustrated and described herein the best forms of my invention now known to me, those skilled in the art will understand that changes may be made in the form of the apparatus disclosed without departing from the spirit of the invention covered by my claims, and that certain features of my invention may sometimes be used to advantage without a corresponding use of other features. 5

I claim:

1. A fuel burner comprising a longitudinally elongated fuel discharge nozzle, an elongated fuel dispersal device arranged to receive the impact of the fuel discharged from said nozzle, said fuel dispersal device being hollow and having fuel supply and a multiplicity of small fuel discharge openings therein.

2. A combination fuel burner comprising a plurality of transversely spaced elongated pulverized fuel discharge nozzles, transversely spaced.-

' opening to said burner'port, an elongated fuel dispersal device extending across said burner port and arranged to receive the impact of .the fuel discharged from said nozzle, said fuel dispersal device being hollow and having fuel supply and a multiplicity of small fuel discharge openings therein.

4. In a furnace wall having a fuel burner port formed therein, a combination fuel burner arranged to discharge fuel through said burnerport comprising a plurality of transversely spaced longitudinally elongated pulverized fuel discharge nozzles, an air supply casing surrounding said nozzles and opening to'said burner port, transversely spaced elongated fu'el dispersal devices extending across said burner port and arranged .to receive the impact of the pulverized fuel discharged from corresponding nozzles, said fuel dispersal devices being hollow and having fuel supply and a multiplicity of small fuel discharge openings therein.

5. In a furnace wall having a fuel burner port formed therein, a combination fuel burner arranged to discharge fuel through said burner port comprising a plurality oftransversely spaced pulverized fuel discharge nozzles, an air supply 1 casing surrounding said nozzles and opening'to said burner port, transversely spaced fuel dis persal devices extending across said burner port and arranged to receive the impact of the pulverized fuel discharged from corresponding nozzles,-

said fuel dispersal devices being hollow and having a multiplicity of small fuel discharge openings therein, and gaseous fuel conduits positioned between said nozzles and connected to said hollow fuel dispersal devices.

6. In a furnace wall having a fuel burner port formed therein and a coolingfluid tube extending across said burner port, a fuel burner arranged to discharge fuel through said burner port comprising a fuel discharge nozzleterminating at the outer side of and with its axis of discharge intersecting the axis of said tubes, an air supply casing surrounding said nozzle and communicating with said burner port, a tube protectorextending along the outer side of said tube and arranged to receive the impact of the fuel discharged from said nozzle, said protector being hollow and having fuel supply and discharge openingstherein.

'i. In a furnace wall having a fuel burner'port formed therein and a cooling fluid tube extending across said burner port, a combination fuel burner arranged to discharge fuel through said burner port comprising a pulverized fuel discharge nozzle terminating at the outer side of and with its axis of discharge intersecting the axis of said tube, an air supply casing surrounding said nozzle and communicating with said bmner port,

a tube protector extending along the outer side of said tube and arranged to receive the impact of the pulverized fuel discharged from said nozzle,

' said protector being'hollow and having fuel discharge openings at opposite sides of said tube, and means for supplying gaseous fuel to said hollow tube protector. a

8. In a furnace wall having a fuel burnerport formed therein and a cooling fluid tube,extending across said burner port, a combination fuel bumer arranged to discharge fuel through said burner port comprising a pulverized fuel discharge nozzleterminating in an elongated discharge opening at the outer side of and with its longitudinal axis coplanar with the axis of said tube, an air supply casing surrounding said nozzle and communicating with said burner port, a tube protector extending along the outer side of said tube and arrangedvtoreceive the impact of the pulverized fuel discharged from said nozzle, said protector being hollow and having fuel discharge openings at opposite sides of said tube, and means for supplying gaseous fuel to said hollow tube protector.

9. In a furnace wall having a fuel burner port formed therein and a series of transversely spaced cooling tubes extending across said burner port, a combination fuel burner arranged to discharge fuel through said burner port comprising a plurality of transversely spaced pulverized fuel discharge nozzles terminating at the outer side of and with their axes of discharge intersecting the longitudinal axes of corresponding tubes, tube protectors at the outer side of said tubes and arranged to receive the impact of the pulverized fuel discharged from corresponding nozzles, said tube protectors being hollow and having fuel discharge openings therein, and means for supplying gaseous fuel to said hollow tube protectors.

10. In a. furnace wall having a fuel burner port formed therein and a series of transversely spaced cooling fluid tubes extending across said burner ofthe pulverized fuel discharged from corresponding nozzles, said tube protectors being hollow and having fuel discharge openings therein at opposite sides of the corresponding tubes, and means for supplying gaseous fuel to said hollow tube protectors.

11. In a furnace wall having a fuel burner port formed therein and a series of transversely spaced tubes extending across said burner port, a combination fuel burner arranged to discharge fuel through said burner port comprising a plurality of transversely spaced pulverizedfuel discharge nozzles terminating in elongated discharge openings at the outer side of and with their longitudinal axes coplanar with the axes .of corresponding tubes, an air supply casing surrounding said nonles and communicating with the spaces between said tubes, tube protectors extending along the outer sides of said tubes and arranged to receive the impact of the pulverized fuel discharged from corresponding nozzles, said tube protectors being hollow and having fuel discharge openings at opposite sides of the corresponding tubes, and means for supplying gaseous fuel to said hollow tube protectors.

12. In a furnace wall having a fuel burner port formed therein and a series of transversely spaced wall cooling tubes extending across said burner port, a combination fuel burner arranged to discharge fuel downwardly through said burner port comprising a diverging pulverized fuel no'zzle member divided into a plurality of transversely spacedfuel discharge nozzles terminating in elongated discharge openings at the outer side of and -with their longitudinal axes coplanar with the axes of corresponding tubes, an air supply casing ,surrounding said nozzles and communicating with the spaces between said tubes,- tube protectors extending along the outer side of said tubes and arranged to receive the impact of the pulverized fuel discharged from corresponding nozzles, alternate tube protectors being hollow and having fuel discharge openings at opposite sides of the corresponding tubes, and gaseous fuel conduits positioned between said "nozzles and connected to said hollow tube protectors;

13. In a furnace wall having a fuel burner port.

discharge openings in the inner ends of said 14. In a furnace wall having a fuel burner portformed therein and a series of transversely spaced wall cooling tubes extending across said burner port, a gaseous fuel burner arranged to discharge fuel through said burner port comprising a plurality of transversely spacedhollow metallic fuel discharge members extending along the outerside of and separate from corresponding tuba and each of said fuel discharge members having portions terminating at opposite sides of said corresponding tubes, a series of small fuel discharge opening in the inner ends of said portions, an air supply casing surrounding said fuel burner and opening to said burner port, and gaseous fuel conduits connected to said discharge members.

15. In a furnace wall having a fuel burner port formed therein and a series of transversely spaced wall cooling tubes extending across said burner port, a gaseous fuel burner arranged to discharge fuel downwardly through said burner port comprising a plurality of transversely spaced crescent-shaped hollow fuel discharge members extending along the outer side of and separate from corresponding tubes and each of said fuel discharge members having portions terminating at 'opposite sides of said corresponding tubes, fuel discharge openings in the inner ends of said portions, an air supply casing surrounding said fuel burner and opening to said burner port, 'a fuel supply header in said air casing extendingtransversely of said discharge members, and gaseous fuel conduits connecting said header to said discharge membersl r I 16. In a furnace Wall having a fuel .burner port formed therein and a series of transversely spaced tubes extending across said burner port, a combination fuel burner arranged to discharge fuel through said burner port comprising a plurality of transversely spaced pulverized fuel discharge nozzles terminating at the outer side of and with their axes of discharge intersecting the longitudinal axes of corresponding alternate tubes, an air supply casing surrounding said nozzles and communicating with the spaces between said tubes, tube protectors at the outer side of said alternate tubes and arranged to receive the impact of the pulverized fuel discharged from corresponding nozzles, said tube protectors being hollow and having discharge openings at up posite sides of the corresponding tubes, and means for supplying gaseous fuel to said hollow tube protectors. 3

17. In a furnace wall'having a fuel burner port formed therein and a. series of transversely spaced tubes extending across said burner port, a combination fuel burner arranged to discharge fuel through said burner port comprising a plurality of transversely spaced pulverized fuel discharge nozzles terminating at the outer side of and with their axes of discharge intersecting the longitudinal axes of corresponding alternate tubes,

an air supply casing surrounding said nozzles and communicating with the spaces between said tubes, tube protectors at the outer side of said alternate tubes and arranged to receive the impact of the pulverized fuel discharged from corresponding nozzles, hollow tube protectors at the outer side of the tubes intermediate said alternate tubes, said last mentioned tube protectors extending outwardly beyond said first mentioned tube protectors and having their sides parallel to the sides of the adjacent fuel nozzles, and heat insulating material filling said hollow tube protectors.

THOMAS F. SULLIVAN.

Images