US2181234A - Mechanical movement - Google Patents

Description

ws 4 V C. L. HAWES MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed June 23, 1938 Ar//// 7 A /6r 4 Nov. 28, 1939.

' INVENTOR. C/rar/z'e 0C. f/dwea" 9% a; ATTORNE 5;

Patented Nov. 28, 1939 UNITED stares rAT-ET oFFicE "J Glaiins.

This invention relates, as indicated, to mechanical movements, but'has reference more particularly to means for converting rotary movement into reciprocatory and combined rotary and recip'rocatory movement.

In my United States Patent No. 1,897,045, there is described means for imparting to a rotating polishing or grinding wheel a reciprocatory or vibratory movement, whereby the formation of longitudinal scratch marks on articles being p01- ished or ground is prevented.

The present invention is concerned more particularly with the provision of improved means for securing such combined rotary and reciprocatory movement, but it will be understood that the invention is applicable generally to all machines wherein a special movement of this character is desired to be imparted to a shaft or device operated thereby. I

Another object of the invention is the provision of a drive of the character described, wherein the use of special cams is dispensed with, wear of the parts is reduced to a minimum, quietness of operation is assured, and other advantageous results obtained. I

Another object of the invention is to provide means for converting rotary movement into reciprocatory movement, unaccompanied by rotation, and to provide means for varying the reciprocatory stroke.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, comprises the features'hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following de- 35 scription and the annexed drawing setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative; however, of but a'fewof the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.

In said annexed drawing:

Fig. l is a plan view of one formof the device and. drive therefor; Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal cross-sectional view of the device, taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1'; Fig. 3 is an'end elevation of the reciprocating spindle; and Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view, illustrating means for converting rotary movement into reciprocatory movement, unaccompanied by rotation of the reciprocating member.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawing, the apparatus, as shown in Fig. 1, comprises a table or platform i, to which is secured,in any suitable manner, a bracket, consisting of a fixed-portion 2 and a cover or ca'p'3 removably secured to the-portion 2.

with the ring i2 and the other end inabutment I The bracket forms a support for a hollow cylindrical housing t. Mounted within the housing 5 adjacent one end thereof is a tapered roller bearing 5 which is retained against axial movement by means of a ring 6, welded or otherwise 5 secured within the housing, and a threaded cap a. Mbunted within the housing 4 adjacent the opposite end thereof is a tapered. roller bearing 8, which is retained in position against a shoulder 9 of the housing by means of a threaded cap it. I I

Journalled in the bearings Sand 8 is a hollow shaft H, to which is secured, adjacent its forward end, a retaining ring 52, and to the rear end of which is, rigidly secured, as by means of a key l5 l3 and retainer ring 14, a pulley l5. The shaft I l is provided at suitably spaced points with sleeve bushings It, which form bearings for. a spindle H, which projects at its forward end through an opening in cap 1. Secured to the forward end of the spindle H, as by means of a cap screw 18, is a spider or support l9, having a radially extending flange 20, between which and a plate 2|, secured tothe support I9 by means of screws 22, is clamped'an annular grinding, polishing or buffing wheel 23.

Rotation of the shaft II is imparted to the spindle l'i by means of a pin or key 2t which extends through the shaft and spindle, the aligned openings 25 and 26 in'the shaft, through which the pin extends, being somewhat elongated, so as to permit some relative axial movement between the shaft and spindle. A coil spring 21 is mounted on the shaft l l, and has one end in abutment with the pin 24. This spring functions to force the spindle ii to its rearmost position with respect to the shaft l I.

The spindle ll has a rear portion 28 of enlarged diameter, having portions thereof cut v away to provide a spherical socket or recess 29, which, as shown in Fig. 3, is disposed at one side of the axis of the spindle, and forms a seat for one of the substantially hemispherical ends 30 I of a dumbbell-shaped member 3!.

The Web of the pulley l5 has secured thereto, as bymeans of nuts 32 and bolts 33. a sleeve 34, in the rear portion of which is mounted a tapered roller bearing 35. This bearing has journalled therein a stub shaft 38, which is rigidly secured to and driven by a pulley 37, this pulley being of slightly larger diameter than the pulley l5.

The shaft 36 has portions thereof, cut away to provide aspherical socket or recess 38, which is disposed at one side of the axis of the shaft and forms a seat for the other end 30 of the link 3|, it being noted that the spindle I! and shaft 36 are in axial alignment with each other, and that when the parts are in the relative position shown in Fig. 2, the axis of the member 3| intersects the axis of the spindle and shaft.

The pulleys l and 31 are respectively driven by endless belts 39 and 40, which in turn are driven by a single pulley 4i mounted on the end of the drive shaft 42 of an electric motor 43, which is mounted on the table I.

Since the pulley I5 is of slightly smaller diameter than the pulley 31, the spindle i! will be rotated at a speed slightly in excess of the speed at which the shaft 36 is rotated. As a result, when the spindle has gained half a revolution on the shaft 36, the member 38 will have moved from the position shown in Fig. 2 to a position parallel or substantially parallel with the axis of the spindle, and since, at such time, the center of the spherical head 30 Within the socket 29 will be slightly farther to the left than in the position of Fig. 2, the entire spindle and wheel 23 mounted thereon will move to the left a corresponding amount. In this movement, the spring 21 is slightly compressed by the pin 24. When the spindle has gained another half revolution on the shaft 36, the parts reassume the position shown in Fig. 2, the spring 21, at the same time, expanding to return the spindle I1 and wheel 23 to its original position. Thus the wheel 23 will have imparted thereto that number of reciprocations per minute which corresponds to the difference in revolutions per minute between the pulleys l5 and 31. For example, if the pulley I5 is rotated at 1800 revolutions per minute, and the pulley 31 at 1700 revolutions per minute, the wheel 23 will not only rotate at 1800 revolutions per minute but will also be reciprocated or vibrated axially 100 times per minute.

By thus reciprocating or vibrating the wheel axially across the work at the same time that the wheel is being rotated, the formation of longitudinal scratch marks on the work being ground or polished is prevented. The extent of axial movement of the wheel does not exceed a few sixteenths of an inch, but this is sufficient for all practical purposes.

Grinding wheels or polishing wheels can be used interchangeably in the assemblies here provided and in the claims hereinafter, such interchangeability and equivalency is contemplated in the expression grinding wheel.

By holding the shaft H and spindle I! against rotary movement, and simply rotating the pulley 31, reciprocatory movement, unaccompanied by rotation, will be imparted to such shaft and spindle. Such simple reciprocatory movement, although not desirable in a device, such as shown in Fig. 2, is useful in connection with other devices.

In Fig. l, reciprocatory movement, unaccompanied by rotation, is imparted to a spindle 59, which is slidably mounted in a frame or support 5|. The spindle 5B is reciprocated by means of bevel gears 52 and 53, the gear 52 being driven by a spline shaft 54, which is journalled in a bearing block 55. The block 55 is mounted on a frame or support 56, and is adjustable along the support in a direction normal to the axis of spindle 50, the block being lockable to the support in any of its adjusted positions. The gear 53 is rotated about an axis parallel with, but spaced from the axis of spindle 50, and a link 5'! interconnects the spindle 50 and the gear 53, this link engaging the spindle at a point along its axis and engaging the gear- 53 at a point spaced from the axis thereof. By rotating the gear 53, the spindle 5B is moved axially upward to the solid line position shown when the gear 53 is in the position shown, but is moved axially downward by a spring 58, when the gear 53 is moved from the position shown. The spring, in other words, functions in the same manner as the spring 21 of the device shown in Fig. 2. By shifting the bearing block 55 along the support 56, as indicated by the dotted lines, the gears 52 and b3, link 51 and spindle 50 are moved to the position shown in dotted lines, and in this manner, the length of the reciprocatory stroke may be varied. In other words, the closer the axis of gear 53 is brought to the axis of the spindle 50, the shorter will be the reciprocatory stroke. A mechanical movement of this type is desirable in various types of devices, such as mowing machines, power hammers, coal punchers, etc.

Other modes of applying the principle of the invention may be employed, change being made as regards the details described, provided the features stated in any of the following claims, or the equivalent of such, be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:

1. Means for converting rotary movement into reciprocal movement comprising a rotatable member mounted for axial movement, a rotatable member in axial alignment with said firstnamed member, said rotatable members having parallel faces extending in plan-es normal to their axes, a link disposed between and connecting said faces on said first and second named members, and means for rotating said first and second named members at different speeds.

2. Means for converting rotary movement into reciprocal movement, said means comprising rotatable members in axial alignment with each other, said members being relatively separable along said axis, said rotatable members having parallel faces extending in planes normal to their axes, a link interposed between and connecting said faces on said members, and means for rotating one of said first-named members at a speed different than that of the other member.

3. Means for converting rotary movement into reciprocal movement, said means comprising axially aligned rotatable members having sockets in their opposed faces, said sockets being eccentric to said axis, a link interposed between said members and having spherical heads disposed in said sockets, and means for rotating one of said first-named members at a speed different than that of the other member.

4. Means for converting rotary movement into reciprocal movement, said means comprising axially aligned rotatable members having sockets in their opposed faces, said sockets being eccentric to said axis, a link interposed between said members and having spherical heads disposed in said sockets, means for rotating one of said first named members at a speed different than that of the other member, and spring means normally urging said first-named members toward each other.

5. In a device of the character described, the combination of a grinding Wheel spindle, and means for imparting thereto a compound movement of rotation and reciprocation, said means including rotatable members in axial alignment with said spindle, a link interposed between said first-named members and engaging said members at points eccentric to said axis, and means for rotating said first-named members at difierent speeds, whereby the axis of such interposed link assumes different angles with respect to said rotatable members.

6. Means for converting rotary movement into reciprocatory movement, said means comprising a reciprocable member, a rotatable member, a link interposed between said members, means for rotating said rotatable member, and spring means normally urging said members toward each other, said link having spherical heads and said member having open sockets in which said heads are retained by said spring means. f

7. Means for converting rotary movement into reciprocatory movement, said means comprising a reciprocable member, a member rotatable about an axis parallel with the axis of reciprocation of said first-named member, said last-named memher being adjustable in a plane extending at right angles to said axis of reciprocation, a link interposed between said members, and means for ro- 10 tating said rotatable member.

CHARLIE L. HAWES.

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