US2169700A - Lubricant - Google Patents
Lubricant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2169700A US2169700A US108833A US10883336A US2169700A US 2169700 A US2169700 A US 2169700A US 108833 A US108833 A US 108833A US 10883336 A US10883336 A US 10883336A US 2169700 A US2169700 A US 2169700A
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- Prior art keywords
- oil
- group
- alloys
- lubricating oil
- cadmium
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- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title description 16
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 20
- -1 poly thiocyanates Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- NSAODVHAXBZWGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Cd] NSAODVHAXBZWGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- WIKSRXFQIZQFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Pb] Chemical group [Cu].[Pb] WIKSRXFQIZQFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound C=CCN=C=S ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008164 mustard oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- NPOMAIJXMCXWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (cyanatodisulfanyl) cyanate Chemical compound N#COSSOC#N NPOMAIJXMCXWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- RPFLVLIPBDQGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisothiocyanatobenzene Chemical compound S=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1N=C=S RPFLVLIPBDQGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002540 isothiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WYLLXAGSCITIPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-thiocyanatophenyl) thiocyanate Chemical compound N#CSC1=CC=CC=C1SC#N WYLLXAGSCITIPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1 -dodecene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LILPOSVDSDEBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-thiocyanatoethyl thiocyanate Chemical compound N#CSCCSC#N LILPOSVDSDEBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000276489 Merlangius merlangus Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium tristearate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940063655 aluminum stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiocyanate Chemical compound [NH4+].[S-]C#N SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012259 ether extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
- C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
- C10M2201/081—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
- C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
- C10M2201/084—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/16—Naphthenic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
Definitions
- This invention relates to lubricants and, in particular, to addition agents imparting to lubricants improved properties.
- Our invention has particular utilityin preventing and/or inhibiting the corrosion of hard metal alloy bearings such as copper-lead, cadmium- -nickel, and cadmium-silver bearings which, to a large extent, have replaced soft metal bearings such as Babbitt metal in the trend toward inthe range of S. A. E. 10 oils, and which have been subjected to such refining processes such as, for
- the motor oils may be highly refined lubricating oils as such or mixtures of highly refined lubricating oils with less highly refined lubricating oils, or stated in another way, mixtures of corrosive oils and non-corrosive oils, examples of the latter being lubricating oilfractions from Winkler crude or crudes of the Winkler type.
- metallo poly thiocyanates may be used effectively.
- Compounds: such as potassium ferri thiocyanate and ammonium ferri thiocyanate are examples of the type of metallo poly thiocyanates we prefer to use.
- the metallo poly thiocyanates are best dissolved in the oil by adding, for example, KSCN to a slightly acidified FeCla solution and extracting the aqueous solution with ether. The ether extract by blowing. Since these compounds impart color to the oil they are preferably used where discoloration of the oil is not detrimental to its use.
- the weighed bearings are placed in a highly refined oil containing the inhibitor which is air agitated at about 341 F. At periodic intervals the bearings are removed from the oil bath, washed free of oil and the loss in weight determined. Each time before being replaced in the oil bath the bearings are polished bright and reweighed and again tested for predetermined periods.
- the oil used was a motor oil refined to such an extent that a loss in weight of more than 5 mg. per cm. is obtained in 25 hours or less on a cadmium-silver alloy bearing submerged in an air agitated oil at 340 F., which oil has been preoxidized for 25-50 hours at about 340 F.
- Some of the foregoing compounds may not be completely soluble in tire lubricant, in which case effective results are obtained by suspending the inhibitor in the lubricant by means of a small amount of a peptizing agent such as aluminum naphthenate, aluminum stearate, etc.
- a peptizing agent such as aluminum naphthenate, aluminum stearate, etc.
- An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil and from about 0.05% to about 10% of an organic compound having the general formula R(Y)n in which R is a substituent selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group, an aromatic group and a metal, Y is a radical selected from the group consisting of a thiocyano radical and an isothiocyano radical and n is a whole number greater than 1.
- An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil and from about 0.05% to about 10% of a polythiocyanate having the general formula R(SCN) in which R is a. substituent selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group, an aromatic group and a'metal and n is a whole number greater than one.
- An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil and from about 0.05% to about 10% of a polyisothiocyanate having the general formula RkNCSM in which R is a substituent selected from "he group consisting of an aliphatic group, an a10- matic group and a metal and n is a whole number greater than one.
- An improved extreme pressure' lubricant comprising mineral lubricating oil and a polythiocyanate having the general formula RtSCN) n in which R. is an aliphatic group and n is a whole number greater than 1, said aliphatic polythiocyanate being added in amounts suflicient to impart extreme pressure properties to said lubricating oil.
- An improved extreme pressure lubricz nt comprising a mineral lubricating oil and from about 0.05% to about 10% dodec'ene dithiocyanate.
- An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil and from about 0.05% to about 10% octene dithiocyanate.
- An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising mineral lubricating oil and a polythiocyanate having the general formula R(SCN)1. in which R. is an aromatic group and 11. is a whole number greater than 1, said aromatic polythiocyanate being added in amounts suflicient to impart extreme pressure properties to said lubricating oil.
- An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil and an aliphatic polyisothiocyanate having the general formula R(NCS)n in which R is an aliphatic group and n is a whole number greater than 1, said aliphatic polyisothiocyanate being added in amounts sufficient to impart extreme pressure properties to said lubricating oil.
- An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil and an aromatic polyisothiocyanate having the general formula RINGS)" in which R is an aromatic group and n is a whole number greater than 1, said aromatic polyisothiocyanate being added in amounts sufficient to impart extreme pressure properties to' said lubricating oil.
- An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil and from about 0.05% to about'10% mustard oil potassium acetate polymer.
- R(SCN)n in which R is ahyd'roca'rb'onselected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group and an aromatic group, and n is a whole number greater than one.
- the method of preventing the corrosion of bearing metal alloys having the corrosive susceptibility of alloys of the group consisting of cadmium-silver alloys, cadmium-nickel alloys and copper-lead alloys in the presence otahigh- 1y refined lubricating oil in internal combustion engines which comprises adding to said lubrieating oil a. substantial amount, but less than 2%, of an aliphatic polythiocyanate having the general formula R SCN n in which R is an allphatic group and 1z' is a whole number greater than 1.
- bearing metal alloys having the corrosive susceptibility of alloys of the group consisting of cadmium-silver alloys, cadmium-nickel alloys and copper-lead alloys in the presence of a highly refined lubricating oil in internal combustion engines which comprlsesaddlng to said lubrieating oil a submantial amount, but less than 2%; of an aromatic polythiocyanate having the general formula RASON) in which R is an aromatic group and n is a whole number greater than 1.
- the method oi preventing the corrosion oi bearing metal alloys having the corrosive sus-v ceptibility of alloys of the group consisting of cadmium-silver alloys, cadmium-nickel alloys and copper-lead alloys in the presence of a highly refined lubricating oil in internal combustion engines which comprises "adding to said lubricating oil a substantial amount, but less than 2%, of an aromatic polyisothiocyanate having the general formula R(NCS) in which R is an aromatic group and n is a whole number greater
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
Patented Aug. 15, 1939 oric LUBRICANT Clarence M. Loane, Whiting, and Bernard H.
Shoemaker,
Hammond, Ind.,
assignors to Standard Oil Company, Chicago, 111., a corporation of Indiana No Drawing. Application November 2, 1936,
Serial No. 108,833 g 1 17 Claims.
This invention relates to lubricants and, in particular, to addition agents imparting to lubricants improved properties.
Our invention has particular utilityin preventing and/or inhibiting the corrosion of hard metal alloy bearings such as copper-lead, cadmium- -nickel, and cadmium-silver bearings which, to a large extent, have replaced soft metal bearings such as Babbitt metal in the trend toward inthe range of S. A. E. 10 oils, and which have been subjected to such refining processes such as, for
example, solvent extraction, that the paraffinicity of the oil is markedly increased. It has been found that highly refined lubricating oils cause corrosion to alloy bearings of the cadmium-silver type to the extent of 5 mg/cmi and even greater when such bearings are submerged for hours or less in an air agitated oil which has been preoxidized at about 340 F. for 25 to 50 hours. .The motor oils may be highly refined lubricating oils as such or mixtures of highly refined lubricating oils with less highly refined lubricating oils, or stated in another way, mixtures of corrosive oils and non-corrosive oils, examples of the latter being lubricating oilfractions from Winkler crude or crudes of the Winkler type.
We have found that corrosion of hard metal alloy bearings can be inhibited and highly desirable properties can be imparted to the lubricating oil by adding thereto up to 2% but preferably 0.05% to 0.75% of certain organic materials, particularly the aliphatic and aromatic poly thiocyanates and the aliphatic and aromatic poly isothiocyanates having the general formulas aromatic group and n is a wholenumber greater than one.
Examples of the poly thiocyanates which we may use are:
Dithiocyano ethane Dithiocyano propane Dithiocyano butane Dithiocyano heptane Trithiocyano heptane Dithiocyano octane Trithiocyano octane Dithiocyano dodecane 1,2,4 trithiocyano benzene Para phenylene dithiocyanate Ortho phenylene dithiocyanate Meta phenylene dithiocyanate Examples of the poly isothiocyanates which may be used are:
Di isothiocyano propane Di isothiocyano butane Di isothiocyano heptane Tri isothiocyano heptane Ocetene di isothiocyanate Tri isothiocyano octane Dodecene di isothiocyanate 1,2,4 tri isothiocyano benzene Para phenylene di isothiocyanate Ortho phenylene. di isothiocyanate Meta phenylene di isothiocyanate Our invention also contemplates the use of the polymers obtained by heating mustard oil with an aqueous solution of potassium acetate, or by heating mustard oil with dilute hydrochloric acid.
We have also found that certain metallo poly thiocyanates may be used effectively. Compounds: such as potassium ferri thiocyanate and ammonium ferri thiocyanate are examples of the type of metallo poly thiocyanates we prefer to use. The metallo poly thiocyanates are best dissolved in the oil by adding, for example, KSCN to a slightly acidified FeCla solution and extracting the aqueous solution with ether. The ether extract by blowing. Since these compounds impart color to the oil they are preferably used where discoloration of the oil is not detrimental to its use.
Since these compounds are subjected to high temperature conditions it is highly desirable that the compound of the aforementioned type having boiling points of about 400 F. or greater be used. The eifectiveness of compounds of the above is then added to the oil and the ether removed type as corrosion inhibitors is demonstrated by the following test in which they were subjected to a set of conditions, which is more severe than those encountered in the actual operation of internal combustion engines. The compounds were tested by the following method.
The weighed bearings are placed in a highly refined oil containing the inhibitor which is air agitated at about 341 F. At periodic intervals the bearings are removed from the oil bath, washed free of oil and the loss in weight determined. Each time before being replaced in the oil bath the bearings are polished bright and reweighed and again tested for predetermined periods.
In the above test the oil used was a motor oil refined to such an extent that a loss in weight of more than 5 mg. per cm. is obtained in 25 hours or less on a cadmium-silver alloy bearing submerged in an air agitated oil at 340 F., which oil has been preoxidized for 25-50 hours at about 340 F.
Using the above described test the following results were obtained.
Periods on 1st 2nd 8rd 4th 5th 2,4 hrs. 6 hrs. 16 hrs. 0 hrs. 16 hrs.
Loss in rug/cm Control 3. 6 5. 0 20. 5 .2% ethylene dithiocyanate 0.9 0.0 2.9 11.0 2% dodecene dithiocyanate 0.0 0.0 0. 7 1. 3 2G. 5 .2% octene dithiocyanate 0. 1 0. 0 0.9 6.6 Mustard oil potassium acetate polymer 0.0 0. 0 0.0 0. 0 0. 0 Mustard oil H01 powmer 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 3% QKSON-Fe (SCNh. 0.1 1.1 3.6 1.0 .2% 1(NH4SCN) Fe (SCNh... 0.5 1.2 2. 5 0.9
While we have described in detail the use of the hereinbefore mentioned compounds as corrosion inhibitors in highly refined lubricating oils, our invention is not limited thereto, but contemplates the use of up to 10% of these compounds in lubricating oils for the purpose of improving the film strength thereof, reduce engine wear and to impart to lubricants improved extreme pressure characteristics. These compounds may also be used to improve the lubricity and other properties of lubricating oils.
Some of the foregoing compounds may not be completely soluble in tire lubricant, in which case effective results are obtained by suspending the inhibitor in the lubricant by means of a small amount of a peptizing agent such as aluminum naphthenate, aluminum stearate, etc.
We do not limit ourselves to the specific embodiments of our invention herein described except as defined by the appended claims.
We claim:
1. An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil and from about 0.05% to about 10% of an organic compound having the general formula R(Y)n in which R is a substituent selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group, an aromatic group and a metal, Y is a radical selected from the group consisting of a thiocyano radical and an isothiocyano radical and n is a whole number greater than 1.
2. An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil and from about 0.05% to about 10% of a polythiocyanate having the general formula R(SCN) in which R is a. substituent selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group, an aromatic group and a'metal and n is a whole number greater than one.
3. An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil and from about 0.05% to about 10% of a polyisothiocyanate having the general formula RkNCSM in which R is a substituent selected from "he group consisting of an aliphatic group, an a10- matic group and a metal and n is a whole number greater than one.
4. An improved extreme pressure' lubricant comprising mineral lubricating oil and a polythiocyanate having the general formula RtSCN) n in which R. is an aliphatic group and n is a whole number greater than 1, said aliphatic polythiocyanate being added in amounts suflicient to impart extreme pressure properties to said lubricating oil.
5. An improved extreme pressure lubricz nt comprising a mineral lubricating oil and from about 0.05% to about 10% dodec'ene dithiocyanate.
6. An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil and from about 0.05% to about 10% octene dithiocyanate.
7. An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising mineral lubricating oil and a polythiocyanate having the general formula R(SCN)1. in which R. is an aromatic group and 11. is a whole number greater than 1, said aromatic polythiocyanate being added in amounts suflicient to impart extreme pressure properties to said lubricating oil.
8. An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil and an aliphatic polyisothiocyanate having the general formula R(NCS)n in which R is an aliphatic group and n is a whole number greater than 1, said aliphatic polyisothiocyanate being added in amounts sufficient to impart extreme pressure properties to said lubricating oil.
9. An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil and an aromatic polyisothiocyanate having the general formula RINGS)" in which R is an aromatic group and n is a whole number greater than 1, said aromatic polyisothiocyanate being added in amounts sufficient to impart extreme pressure properties to' said lubricating oil.
10. An improved extreme pressure lubricant comprising a mineral lubricating oil and from about 0.05% to about'10% mustard oil potassium acetate polymer.
11. The method of preventing the corrosion of bearing metal alloys having the corrosive susceptibility of alloys of the group consisting of cadmium-silver, cadmium-nickel and copperlead alloys in the presence of a highly refined lubricating oil in internal combustion engines which comprises adding to said lubricating oil a substantial amount but less than 2% of .an organic compound having the general formula RAY) in which R is a substituent selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group, an aromatic group and a metal, Y is a radical selected from the group consisting of a thiocyano radical and an isothiocyano radical and n is a whole number greater than 1.
12. The method of preventing the corrosion of bearing metal alloys having the corrosive susaiea'roo mula R(NCS)n in which R is ahydrocarbon group selected from the group consisting oian aliphatic group and an aromatic group andn is a whole number greater than 1.
13. The method of preventing the corr,osion of bearing metal alloys having the corrosive susceptibility of alloys of the group consisting of cadmium-silver alloys, cadmium-nickel alloys and copper-lead alloys in the Wstlnceoiahigb 1y refined lubricating oil in internal conibustion engines which comprises adding ,to.said .lubri-' eating oil a substantial amountbut less 'than 2% of a polythiocyanate having. the .geneialjiormula R(SCN)n in which R is ahyd'roca'rb'onselected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group and an aromatic group, and n is a whole number greater than one.
14. The method of preventing the corrosion of bearing metal alloys having the corrosive susceptibility of alloys of the group consisting of cadmium-silver alloys, cadmium-nickel alloys and copper-lead alloys in the presence otahigh- 1y refined lubricating oil in internal combustion engines which comprises adding to said lubrieating oil a. substantial amount, but less than 2%, of an aliphatic polythiocyanate having the general formula R SCN n in which R is an allphatic group and 1z' is a whole number greater than 1.
15. The method of preventing the corrosion than 1.
of bearing metal alloys having the corrosive susceptibility of alloys of the group consisting of cadmium-silver alloys, cadmium-nickel alloys and copper-lead alloys in the presence of a highly refined lubricating oil in internal combustion engines which comprlsesaddlng to said lubrieating oil a submantial amount, but less than 2%; of an aromatic polythiocyanate having the general formula RASON) in which R is an aromatic group and n is a whole number greater than 1.. 1 I
16. The method of preventing the corrosion of bearing metal alloys having the corrosive susceptibility of alloys of the group consisting of .cadmium-'silver alloys, cadmium-nickel alloys I andc'opper-lead alloys in the presence of a higha ly refined lubricating oil in internal combustion engines which comprises adding to said lubricating oil a substantial amount, but less than 2%, of an aliphatic polyisothioeyanate having the general formula R.(NCS) in which R is an aliphatic group and n is a whole number greater than 1.
17. The method oi preventing the corrosion oi bearing metal alloys having the corrosive sus-v ceptibility of alloys of the group consisting of cadmium-silver alloys, cadmium-nickel alloys and copper-lead alloys in the presence of a highly refined lubricating oil in internal combustion engines which comprises "adding to said lubricating oil a substantial amount, but less than 2%, of an aromatic polyisothiocyanate having the general formula R(NCS) in which R is an aromatic group and n is a whole number greater
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US108833A US2169700A (en) | 1936-11-02 | 1936-11-02 | Lubricant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US108833A US2169700A (en) | 1936-11-02 | 1936-11-02 | Lubricant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2169700A true US2169700A (en) | 1939-08-15 |
Family
ID=22324306
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US108833A Expired - Lifetime US2169700A (en) | 1936-11-02 | 1936-11-02 | Lubricant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2169700A (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2502507A (en) * | 1947-09-23 | 1950-04-04 | Du Pont | Dithiocyanogen adducts of esters of 4-hydroxybutadiene-1, 2, and process of making same |
| US2530408A (en) * | 1945-12-28 | 1950-11-21 | Koppers Co Inc | Dithiocyanates |
| US2733207A (en) * | 1956-01-31 | Phosphorus and sulfur containing | ||
| FR2464988A1 (en) * | 1979-09-12 | 1981-03-20 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | NOVEL THIOCARBAMYL GROUP-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS, PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION, THEIR APPLICATION AS ADDITIVES FOR OILS AND COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING SAME |
| US4657956A (en) * | 1983-06-10 | 1987-04-14 | Monsanto Europe, S. A. | Compounds useful as stabilizing agents for rubber vulcanizates |
| US4717754A (en) * | 1979-09-12 | 1988-01-05 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Oil additives containing a thiocarbamyl moiety |
| US4794146A (en) * | 1980-01-07 | 1988-12-27 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Oil additives containing a thiocarbamyl moiety |
| EP0306823A1 (en) * | 1983-06-10 | 1989-03-15 | Monsanto Europe S.A./N.V. | Dithiocyanates useful as stabilising agents for rubber vulcanisates |
| US4910263A (en) * | 1980-01-07 | 1990-03-20 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Oil additives containing a thiocarbamyl moiety |
-
1936
- 1936-11-02 US US108833A patent/US2169700A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2733207A (en) * | 1956-01-31 | Phosphorus and sulfur containing | ||
| US2530408A (en) * | 1945-12-28 | 1950-11-21 | Koppers Co Inc | Dithiocyanates |
| US2502507A (en) * | 1947-09-23 | 1950-04-04 | Du Pont | Dithiocyanogen adducts of esters of 4-hydroxybutadiene-1, 2, and process of making same |
| FR2464988A1 (en) * | 1979-09-12 | 1981-03-20 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | NOVEL THIOCARBAMYL GROUP-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS, PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION, THEIR APPLICATION AS ADDITIVES FOR OILS AND COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING SAME |
| US4717754A (en) * | 1979-09-12 | 1988-01-05 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Oil additives containing a thiocarbamyl moiety |
| US4794146A (en) * | 1980-01-07 | 1988-12-27 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Oil additives containing a thiocarbamyl moiety |
| US4910263A (en) * | 1980-01-07 | 1990-03-20 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Oil additives containing a thiocarbamyl moiety |
| US4657956A (en) * | 1983-06-10 | 1987-04-14 | Monsanto Europe, S. A. | Compounds useful as stabilizing agents for rubber vulcanizates |
| EP0306823A1 (en) * | 1983-06-10 | 1989-03-15 | Monsanto Europe S.A./N.V. | Dithiocyanates useful as stabilising agents for rubber vulcanisates |
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