US2166772A - Atomizer for liquids - Google Patents

Description

July 18, 193 F. SALSAS-SERRA ATOMIZER FOR LIQUIDS 2 ShetsSheet 1 Filed Feb. 26, 1938 IN VCNTOH v FBANIJISCO SALSAS-Sffi/YA A; Willi; 5,

ATTORNE) y 1939- F SALSAS-SERRA 2,166,772

ATOMI ZER FOR LIQUIDS filed Feb. 26, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 III/III].

' K INVE/VTUH FRANCISCO SALSAS-SEHBA Patented July '18, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ATOMIZER FOR LIQUIDS Francisco Salsas-Serra, Partial-mince Application February 2c, 1938, smruo. 192,173 In France March :8, 1931 8 Claims.

apertured towards their centers, and a non rotary concentric member carrying the shock surfaces for the liquid. These two parts can be axially displaced in relation to each other to vary the incident angle of the surfaces of shock and if need be the area of the passage for the gases circulating in the apparatus, which permitsof experimentally determining the most favourable relative positions of the two parts for predetermined working conditions that obtain during working, these variations being obtained without dismantling or changeof parts.

The discs may have apertured parts with helicoidal or sensibly helicoidal profile in such a manner that the rotation of the discs causes a. current of gas in a sensibly axial direction which combines with the other movements of the ambient gas to favour the intimate mixture of the said gas with the particles of liquid still remaining in suspension. This arrangement produces the advantages hereinabove mentioned without in any way diminishing the simplicity of construction and operation of the device.

It is also. possible to embody in the apparatus modifications in construction in which:

On the one hand, the discs are disposed in relation to the shock surfaces in such a manner that the less finely divided particles, not carried along by the gaseous current, are reflected in the direction of the solid parts of the discs immediately below where they are subjected to'fresh projections up to the last disc which projects the liquid on to a shock surface disposed perpendicularly to the plane of projection which intensifies the bursting effect of the liquid particles;

0n the other hand, the feeding of the discs is obtained by lifting the liquid from a reservoir disposed beneath them this lift being obtained by capillarity or by the rotation itself of the shaft carrying the discs. This reservoir receives the non-atomized liquid which runs onto the shock surfaces and the atomized liquid not carried 01f by the gaseous current.

The apparatus can also comprise arms for agitating the liquid, flues traversing the upper disc and heating or cooling elements disposed in the 5 path of the gas.

These latter arrangements lend themselves particularly to the construction of an apparatus operating automatically for atomizing in the air or other gas, liquids of most varied nature such 10 as insecticides, bactericides, vaccins and so on or hydrocarbons, either to intensify or accelerate their evaporation, or to disperse in the heart of the gas, liquids which are difficult or impossible to evaporate or liquids of heterogenous composi- 15 tion such as emulsions or liquids containing solid particles in suspension.

The accompanying drawings represent by way of example forms of construction of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows a construction with three discs, 20

with shock surface having fixed incident angle.

Figs. 2 and 3 show modifications in the shock surface with variable incidence.

Fig. 4 shows a form of construction of the disc with-helicoidal part.

Fig. 5 shows in section an example of construction of an atomizer with two discs with ascending gaseous current, with lower reservoir for the liquid.

In these figures the same reference numerals 30 indicate the same parts.

In Fig. 1 the shaft l rotating at high speed, carries a solid disc 2, and discs 3 and 4 which are largely apertured near their centres. The shock surfaces 2', 3', 4', form a kind of tiered bell 5 35 arranged exteriorly and concentrically to the shaft I. The liquid to be atomized arrives at 6 and is distributed over a deflector l which allows it to fall at a on the disc 2; It is projected onto 2' and the resultant atomizing is directed 40 towards a thus passing through the apertures in the lower discs. The parts which are insufiiciently divided are collected by the moulding 2" and fall at b onto the disc 3 which acts in the same manner as the preceding one sending the liquid 45 onto 3' to be atomized in the direction b. If drops still remain, they collect on the moulding 3" and fall at 0 onto the disc 4 which owing to its increased diameter projects them with still 50 that is, reduced according to the liquid to be 55 atomized and. the degree offineness to be obtained.

In Fig. 2 there has been shown a concave shock surface and in Fig. 3 a convex surface which'each have the advantage of varying the angle of incidence and consequently theeifect of the atomizing action by the simple displacement in an axial direction, of the bell 5 which carries them,

or of the spindle carrying the plates.

Inthe position shown in full lines the liquid is are separated from each other by arms 8 of a,

sensibly'helicoidalform. It will be easily understood that their rotation causes, according to the direction of rotation, a current in an axial upward or downward direction which cooperates with the stirring through the centrifugal current caused by the rotation of the discs.-'

In Fig. 5 the frame 9 carries a motor Iii, the rotor of which is integral with a hollow shaft H entering the reservoir for the liquid to be pulverised or atomized, and marked i 2. The hollow shaft i i carries exteriorly discs 2 and 3 and interiorly a helicoidal part I 3 ensuring, upon the rotation of II, the ascent of the liquid i2 up to the calibrated orifices M which allows the liquid to feed or supply the top of the upper plate 2. The air or gas enters the frame 9 through conduits i 5, and is forced upwardly by the helically disposed arms 8 of the lower disc 3 and leaves in a direction f through the circular passage iii. The liquid is atomized in a direction a, b and the particles not carried alongby'the air or gas which rises, fall back through the orifices ll into the liquid reservoir l2.

The apparatus can in addition comprise:

Arms i 8 driven by the hollow shaft ii for agitating the liquid when the latter has not a homo-- geneous composition.

On the disc 2, flues [9 through which pass part of the ascending gases, which gives to the whole assembly of the column of gases passing out, a

gyratory movement favoring its discharge to the exterior at 1".

Around the circular conduit IS a heating or cooling element 20.

Finally, as a modification of the arrangements described in reference to Fig. 5, it will be understood without need of illustration, that the helicoidal part I3 can be replaced by a simple wick through which the liquid rises by capillarity in order to reach the orifice Hi (this in the case of a homogeneous liquid of sufiicient capillarity).

that, on the other hand, the conduit i6 instead of opening into the atmosphere which is ambient, can communicate with a special enclosure to accumulate or distribute in pipes in suitable manner, the gases leaving according to their destination.

Naturally the forms of construction hereinbefore described and shown are given only by way of example and can vary to a large extent without altering the characteristic features of the invention hereinafter claimed.

I claim:

1. An atomizer for liquids comprising in combination a rotatable vertical shaft, at least two discs mounted on said shaft in spaced relation tocach other, a stationary hollow body arranged coaxially to said shaft and spaced with respect to the peripheries of, said discs, the topmost of i said discs being solid, the other discs having a solid peripheral zone and beingapertured between said zone and said shaft, means for supplying liquid to the top surface of the tdpmost disc, means to cause a gaseous medium to pass through said hollow body and said disc apertures, said hollow body having an interior surface widening towards the bottom at least in the portion opposite said topmost disc, said widening surface being so inclined as to reflect liquid particles centrifuged thereupon by said topmost disc substantially on the next lower disc.

2. An atomizer for liquids comprising in combination a rotatable vertical shaft. a plurality of discs mounted on said shaft in spaced relation to each other, each disc having a diameter smaller than the subsequent lower disc, the topmost of said discs being solid, the other discs having a solid peripheral zone and being apertured between said zone and said shaft, means for supplying liquid to the top surface of the topmost disc, a stationary hollow body arranged coaxially to said shaft and spaced with respect to the peripheries of said discs, said hollow body being substantially bell-shaped so as to offer inclined inner surfaces opposite the peripheries of said discs, the inclination of said inner surfaces being so selected as to reflect liquid particles centrifuged thereupon by a rotating disc substantially upon the subsequent lower disc.

3. An atomizer as claimed in claim 1, in which each of said discs other than said topmost disc comprises a hub-portion adapted to be attached to said shaft, a solid peripheral zone, and helical blades connecting said hub-portion to said peripheral zone, the width of said peripheral zone being so selected as to catch the major portion of liquid particles reflected from the inclined Sillface of the hollow body opposite the next higher disc.

4. An atomizer as claimed in claim 1, in which at least one of said discs includes upward directed projections of its solid portion, said projections containing passages in an axial direction.

5. An atomizer as claimed in claim 2 in which the inner surface of said bell-shaped body is stepwise inclined opposite the disc peripheries, i

spaced relation to each other, a hollow member encompassing said shaft and said discs coaxially and in spaced relation thereto, means for supplying liquid to the top surface of the topmost disc, means for causing a gaseous medium to pass through said hollow member, said hollow member having at least one inclined interior surface opposite the topmost disc, said inclination being so selected as to reflect liquid particles centrifuged thereupon by said topmost disc on the subsequent lower disc and one of said members being axially shiftable in relation to the other one, whereby the cross-section of the passage of the gaseous medium may be controlled.

'7. An atomizer for liquids comprising in combination a rotatable vertical shaft member, a plurality of discs mounted on said shaft member in spaced relation to each other, a hollow member encompassing said shaft and said discs coaxiaily and in spaced relation thereto means for supplying liquid to the top surface of the top disc, means for causing a gaseous medium to pass through said hollow member, said hollow member having at least one inner surface portion opposite one of said discs and being curved in a vertical cross-section so as to widen towards the bottom, one of said members being axially shiftable relatively to the other one whereby the crosssection of the passage of the gaseous medium and the angle of reflection of liquid centrifuged upon said surface by the disc opposite thereto may be controlled.

low body, means for lifting liquid from said tank to the top surface of said topmost disc, means for causing a gaseous medium to pass through said hollow body, the inner surface portion of said hollow body opposite said topmost disc, being inclined so as to widen towards the bottom, the inclination being so selected as to reflect liquid particles centrifuged thereupon by the topmost disc on said lower disc, and the inner portion of said hollow body opposite said lower disc being vertical, so as to cause liquid particles not carried along by the gaseous medium to fall back to said tank.

FRANCISCO SAIBAS-SERRA.

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