US2149691A - Throttle controlled induction system of internal combustion engines of the compression ignition type - Google Patents

Description

2,149,691 STION March 7,1939.

T.'.J. SWINNEY THROTTLE CONTROLLED INDUCTION SYSTEM OF INTERNAL COMBU ENGINES OF THE COMPRESSION IGNITION TYPE Filed Feb 23 1958 Patented Mar. 7, 1939 THROTTLE CONTROLLED INDUCTION SYSTEM OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES OF THE COMPRESSION IGNI- TION TYPE Thomas James Swinney, London, England Application February 23, 1938, Serial No. 192,148 In Great Britain February 24, 1937 Claims. (01. 123-52) o This invention relates to throttle controlled induction'systemsof compression ignition engines, and hasfor its object to provide a means of utilizing the fall in pressure in the induction pipe,

5 to operate suction controlled devices, without entirely shutting ofi the air supply to the engine which would result in its stalling or reducing the air supply to such an extent that defective com- 'bustion of the'fuel would be unduly evidenced.

Normally the air' intake pipe of a compression ignition engine comprises a plain bore tube, with suitable branches leading to the cylinders, and Without any throttle or such like device controlling the air'supply.

It is known that throttleor air-intake valves have also been 'proposed for use with plain bore air-intake pipes, or in which a choke or venturi is fitted, the fall in pressure in the intake pipe, caused by" the closing of the valve element being utilized to operate suction controlled devices.

- l. With such throttle controlled air-intake pipes,

there "is thedisa'dvantage that a failure of the throttle valve operating mechanism, may result ini'the air supply being entirely shut off by the valve element being completely closed, and it is desirable to have some means to prevent the .complete'shutting'ofi of the airsupply, whilst still retaining a throttle or air-intake valve to control the air supply and produce the necessary suctioni v f I 'h invention consists in an induction system for compression ignition engines, in which there are provided at least two tubes, preferably concentrically arranged, providing passages for: the airrsupply to the engine cylinders, and in one of which tubes there is arranged a movable valve element or throttle valve, controlling the flow of air in such'passage the other passage being left uncontrolled and free to allow aflow of air to reachthe-engine cylinders,

The valve controlling the inner passage alone may be of the butterfly type, or some such valve element, whilst if the construction is such that the outer passage alone is to be controlled, and this construction is to be preferred, then the inner tube may be furnished with a spherical enlargement, and on the diameter of the enlargement at right angles or at any other appropriate angle with the common axis of the two passages, there may be rotatably arranged an annulus constituting the movable valve element for the outer passage.

Where the device is to be utilized for the operation of vacuum servo-brakes, and so obviating the employment of an exhauster pump, or some such separate device, the movable valve element may be connected to the brake operating mechanism, in such a way that when the brake, actuated by the suction in the induction pipe is fully applied, the valve element will by means of suitable mechanism close its respective passage, preferably in advance of the fully operated brake position, and so producing the necessary suction in such passage, whilst the other passage is free to supply the engine with the air required for maintaining it in operation. The movable valve element may be connected to the accelerator mechanism, in such a way that when the driver's foot is removed from the accelerator pedal or through the varying stages of depression of the accelerator pedal, the valveelement will close or vary the opening of its respective passage as hereinbefore described and so vary the degree of vacuum obtained.

Optionally, a choke tube or venturi may be fitted in the air controlled passage in a suitable position relative to the movable valve element and/or in the uncontrolled air passage so that both tubes may be utilized to provide separate sources of induction depression.

Where a vacuum reservoir in conjunction with a servo cylinder is used in the braking system, suitable means beingemployed to prevent air flow from the induction to the reservoir, the movable valve element may be controlled in such instance that when the vacuum reservoir has assisted the braking operation or at some predetermined degree of vacuum in the vacuum reservoir, the 'movable valve element can be closed and so regenerate the vacuum or reduction of pressure in the reservoir.

While the employment of the reduction of pressure secured in the actuating of a braking system has above been referred to, it'will be understood that the reduction in pressure secured may be applied in the operation of suction controlled clutches, windscreen wipers, fuel pumps or fuel pump governors or other suction operated mechanism associated with the engine.

The inner tubular member provided may extend substantially to the inlet ports of the engine cylinders, in which case it will comprise a manifold furnished with a number of branches located within the manifold equivalent to 1 or it may terminate at a position more or less adjacent to the throttle valve, or at any point between the throttle valve and the inlet ports.

With an induction system in accordance with the invention at low engine speeds the air velocity through the uncontrolled passage will be greater than'if no control were provided in the other passage.

The inventLon will be described further in detail and by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:-

Figure 1 illustrates one construction of induction system in accordance with the invention;

Figure 2 is a view in section of an essential element thereof on a larger scale,

Figure 3 being a corresponding cross-section on the plane represented by the line 33 in Figure 2 as viewed in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 4 is a view of a longitudinal section of another construction in accordance with the invention,

Figure 5 being a view partly in section of yet another construction; and

Figure 6 being a view in detail.

Referring to Figure 1, I is the manifold of the induction system provided with a plurality of branches 2 connected to the several cylinders. The manifold is also provided with a branch 3 furnished with a flange 4 to which is secured the tubular member 5 furnished with a flange 6 abutting against one face of a jointing washer I located between the two flanges referred to.

Within the tubular member referred to there is located a second tubular member 8 provided, in the constructions illustrated in Figures 1 to 4, with a spherical enlargement 9 about which is located an annular movable valve element IE1 adapted to control the flow of air through the space between the inner and the outer tubular elements.

This valve element is engaged with a pivot II and is furnished with a spindle I2, to which is secured a lever I3 whereby its position may be adjusted.

In the constructions shown in Figures 3 and 4, a tubular branch I4 is furnished which is designed to be connected with such a suction or vacuum operated device and, for instance, a vacuum tank furnished with a nonreturn valve and connected with brake operating mechanism.

The construction illustrated in Figure 4 is generally similar to the construction illustrated in Figure 2 but within the inner tubular member there is provided a venturi or choke element I5 and in this case there is provided a second branch I6 which communicates with the inner tubular member.

In the case of the construction illustrated in Figure 5, a butterfly valve I1 is located in the inner tubular member and from this member there extends a branch I8.

Figure 6 illustrates merely a detail whereby connection may be made with a vacuum operated device.

. In this case there is provided an internally screw-threaded hole I9 in the outer tubular memher with which is engaged a hollow screwed plug 20 adapted to engage the well known form of fitting ZI connected with a pipe 22 whereby connection may be effected with the vacuum operated mechanism.

In the constructions above described in which there are provided two branches, the branch 44 may be connected with, for instance, brake operating mechanism while the branch I6 may be connected to a suction operated fuel pump.

I claim:

1. An induction system for compression ignition engines comprising two concentrically arranged tubes constituting passages for the supply of air to the engine cylinders, and in one only or" such tubes a movable valve element adapted to control theflow of air therethrough, leaving a free and uncontrolled passage for air through the other tube.

2. An induction system for compression ignition engines comprising two concentrically arranged tubes constituting passages for the supply of air to the engine cylinders, an enlargement on the inner tube, and on said enlargement a valve element in the form of an annulus adapted to be rotated about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the inner tube, a free and uncontrolled passage for air being left through the inner tube.

3. An induction system for compression ignition engines comprising two arranged tubes constituting passages for the supply of air to the engine cylinders, associated with one only of such tubes a movable valve element adapted to control the flow of air therethrough leaving a free and uncontrolled passage for air through the other tube and at least one branch provided on one of the tubes for efiecting connection thereof with suction operated devices designed to be associated with an internal combustion engine. I

4. An induction system for compression ignition engines comprising two concentrically arranged tubes constituting passages for the supply of air to the engine cylinders, associated with one only of such tubes a movable element adapted i to control the flow of air therethrough leaving a free andv uncontrolled passage for air through the other tube and a choke or Venturi device in the inner tube.

5. An induction system for internal combustion I engines comprising two concentrically arranged tubes constituting passages for the supply of air to the engine cylinders, an enlargement on the inner tube, and on said enlargement a valve element in the form of an annulus adapted to be concentrically

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