US2021678A - Liquid fuel burner - Google Patents

Description

R. W. BECKETT LIQUID FUELz BURNER Filed Sept. 26

Nov. 19, 1935.

Patented Nov. 19, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFECE LIQUID FUEL BURNER Application September 26, 1932, Serial No. 634,811

12 Claims.

My invention relates to liquid fuel burners of the type wherein combustion takes place around the Walls at the periphery of a hearth to which liquid fuel is sprayed by a centrally disposed rotary distributor head. The invention has for its principal object a construction wherein initial propagation of the flame around the entire'burner periphery is quickly accomplished and wherein the liquid fuel is effectively Vaporized or gasified and entirely consumed with a very hot and quiet flame.

My invention consists principally in providing the liquid fuel burner with a peripheral ignition and combustion ring of refractory material comprising an inner wall having' a multiplicity of openings therethrough and an outer or rear wall spaced therefrom. said rear wall being provided with lugs, the sides of said ngers and said lugs being ribbed or corrugated to increase the area of refractory material in Contact with the gasied fuel. The invention futher consists in the liquid fuel burner and in the combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter Vdescribed and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing, which forms part of this specification and wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts wherever they occur,

Fig. 1 is a partial sectional View of a liquid fuel burner embodying my invention,

Fig. 2 is a partial top plan view,

Fig. 3 is a sectional View on the line 3-3 in Fig. 2, and

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a segment of the hearth ring.

In the drawing is illustrated a liquid fuel burner of the type commonly designated as rotary wall llame, including a central rotary distributor head l that discharges liquid fuel and air in substantially separate layers, a hearth 2 of refractory material and an ignition and combustion ring 3 of refractory material extending around the perighery of the hearth in contact with the water leg 4 or furnace wall. Ignition and combustion take place around the periphery of the hearth, a suitable ignition means, as a gas pilot light 5 being provided. The peripheral ring 3 is provided with an'oil collecting gutter 6 around its inner edge, the face 'l of the ring behind said gutter forming an impact Wall for the liquid fuel and air. When the burner is started, oil sprayed against the ring is partly broken up and vaporized, but for the most part drips down into said gutter 6, where it is ignited and the llame propagated around the entire ring. As the ring becomes heated, the liquid fuel is vaporized more and more completely and the flame rises to the top of the ring 3 until, under normal operating conditons, there is no collection of oil in the gutter and the llame is located entirely above the top of said ring. The present invention is concerned with the details of construction of said ignition and combustion ring. The combustion ring 3 is provided with a deep annular channel 8 in its upper surface. Upstanding ngers 9, whose upper ends are preferably provided with concavities I9, form the inner wall of said channel, the openings between fingers 9 permitting passage of air and vaporized fuel into said channel 8. Projecting upwardly from the rear or outer portion of the ring 3 is a sloping wall Il that is provided with projecting lugs I2 that may be disposed opposite said fingers, the inner or front faces of said lugs being substantially vertical. The upper edges of said wall Il and of said lugs I2 are preferably provided with concavities I3.

The side faces of said fingers 9 and of said lugs I2 areI provided with a muliplicity of ribs I l thus greatly increasing the surface thereof; and the portions of the ring between said fingers 9 and of the wall H between said lugs l2 are also provided with ribs l5. The Surface of the ring between said fingers 9 slopes downwardly towards said channel B.

When the burner is started, the oil strikes said impact wall l and for the most part drips down into the ignition gutter i5, a comparatively small part being vaporized. Ignition and propagation of the fiame around the gutter take place as above described. As the ring becomes heated, the liquid fuel is entirely vaporized or gasified and the flame gradually works its way to the top of the ring. The deep channel 8 in the ring 3 tends to create a low pressure condition that prevents the from pulling away from the top of the ring: part of the air draft and part of the gasified fuel pass into the spaces between the fingers s and the lugs l2 and move upwardly through the deep channel 8 and up the inclined outer wall. Mixture and combustion take place at reduced velocities, thus preventing lifting of the flame.

While not necessary to the satisfactory operation of the burner, the ribs increase the surface of the ring in contact with the fuel, and thus bring about more efficient vaporization of the liquid fuel and, becoming highly heated, provide very' quick combustion. The separation of the fingers 9 from the back wall il reduces the heat loss through the lingers thus allowing them to reach higher temperatures with consequent more rapid vaporization of the liquid fuel.

Preferably, the ignition and ccmbustion ring is made of individual segments and is set so that the ignition gutter is below the level of the hearth, but it may be set so as to raise the gutter and provide a step protecting the gutter from the main draft of air. The segments` may be made for round or rectangular boilers.

`perforate portion beneath and flush with said inner wall of said channel constituting an impact wall.

2. A liquid fuel burner construction comprising a refractory hearth, a rotary distributor head for liquid fuel and air at the center of said hearth and an ignition and combustion ring around the periphery of said hearth, said ring having a deep annular channel therein, the inner wall of said channel having a multiplicity of openings therethrough to permit passage of air and vaporized fuel into said channel, and the outer wall of said channel having a multiplicity of inwardly projecting lugs.

3. A liquid fuel burner construction comprising a refractory hearth, a rotary distributor head for liquid fuel and air at the center of said hearth and an ignition and combustion ring around the periphery of said hearth, said ring comprising an inner wall having upwardly projecting ngers, and an outer wall, and said outer wall being provided with lugs upon its inner face.

4. A liquid fuel burner construction comprising a refractory hearth, a rotary distributor head for liquid fuel and air at the center of said hearth and an ignition and combustion ring around the periphery of said hearth, said ring having upwardly projecting fingers around its inner face and an outer wall, said outer wall being provided with inwardly extending lugs opposite said fingers.

5. A liquid fuel 'burner construction comprising a refractory hearth, a rotary distributor head for liquid fuel and air at the center of said hearth and an ignition and combustion ring around the periphery of said hearth, said ring having upwardly projecting fingers around its inner face and an outer wall, said outer wall being provided with inwardly extending lugs opposite said fingers, said wall and the upper surface of said ring between said fingers both sloping towards the bottom of the annular space between said lingers and said lugs.

6. A liquid fuel burner construction comprising a refractory hearth, a rotary distributor head for liquid fuel and air at the center of said hearth and an ignition and combustion ring around the periphery of said hearth, said ring having an oil collecting gutter around its inner periphery, an inner wall with openings therethrough and an outer wall, said inner and outer walls being spaced apart to form a deep annular channel around said ring, the lower portion of said inner wall constituting an imperforate impact wall around the outer periphery of said gutter.

'7. A liquid fuel burner construction comprising a refractory hearth, a rotary distributor head for liquid fuel and air at the center of said hearth and an ignition and combustion ring around the periphery of said hearth, said ring having an oil collecting gutter adjacent its inner periphery,

an inner Wall with openings therethrough and an outer Wall, said inner and outer walls being spaced apart to form a deep annular channel around said ring, said outer wall being provided with lugs extending from its inner face.

8. A liquid fuel burner construction comprising a refractory hearth, a rotary distributor head for liquid fuel and air at the center ci said hearth and an ignition and combustion ring around the periphery of said hearth, said ring having an oil collecting gutter around its inner periphery, upwardly projecting fingers around its inner face and an outer Wall, said outer Wall being provided With lugs projecting inwardly from its inner face, the side faces of said ngers and of said lugs being provided with a inuitl city of ribs.

9. A liquid fuel burner construction comprising a refractory hearth, a rotary distributor head for liquid fuel and air at the center of said hearth and an ignition and combustion ring around the il) periphery of said hearth, said ring having an oil collecting gutter around its inner periphery, upwardly projecting fingers around its inner face and an outer wall, said outer wall being provided with lugs projecting inwardly from its inner face, ,'25 the sides of said fingers and of said lugs being provided with a multiplicity of ribs, and the tops of said fingers and of said lugs being provided with concavities.

l0. A liquid fuel burner construction compris- 30 ing a refractory hearth, a rotary distributor head for liquid fuel and air at the center of said hearth and an ignition and combustion ring around the periphery of said hearth, said ring having an oil collecting gutter adjacent its inner periphery, to upwardly projecting fingers around its inner face and an outer wall, said outer wall being provided with lugs projecting from its inner face opposite said fingers and forming therewith a deep annu- Y lar channel, the portions of said wall between said 40 lugs and the portions of the ring between said fingers sloping towards the bottom of said channel.

11. In combination with means forming a combustion chamber having a hearth closing in the bottom thereof, fuel and air distributing mechanism disposed within said chamber adjacent the hearth and designed to project liquid fuel and air in separate layers over the hearth surface, and an upright structure disposed directly upon 50 said hearth adjacent the Wall of the combustion chamber in relatively remote relation to said distributing mechanism and designed to intercept, mix and burn the separate fuel and air layers projected by the latter; said upright structure 50 comprising a pair of 'substantially vertical walls that are substantially normal to the path of fuel projection and that are relatively spaced in the direction of said path to form a deep channel closed at the bottom thereof and having com- 60 munication with the combustion chamber.

12. In the combination defined in claim 11, said communication being by way of the top of the channel, and the upper portion of the innermost wall of the pair having a plurality of passages 6D establishing further communication in the general direction of the path of fuel and air projection, the innermost wall of said pair having an imperforate portion forming an impact surface Y for the liquid fuel.

REGINALD W. BECKETT.

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