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US20210023675A1 - Abrasive Disk, Hand-Held Power Tool and Control Method - Google Patents

Abrasive Disk, Hand-Held Power Tool and Control Method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20210023675A1
US20210023675A1 US16/762,839 US201816762839A US2021023675A1 US 20210023675 A1 US20210023675 A1 US 20210023675A1 US 201816762839 A US201816762839 A US 201816762839A US 2021023675 A1 US2021023675 A1 US 2021023675A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
abrasive disk
conductor loop
closed conductor
sensor
power tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US16/762,839
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Franz Mandl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Hilti AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Assigned to HILTI AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment HILTI AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MANDL, FRANZ
Publication of US20210023675A1 publication Critical patent/US20210023675A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/10—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving electrical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/10—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces
    • B24B47/18—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces for rotating the spindle at a speed adaptable to wear of the grinding wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B51/00—Arrangements for automatic control of a series of individual steps in grinding a workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/02—Wheels in one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
    • B24B27/06—Grinders for cutting-off
    • B24B27/08—Grinders for cutting-off being portable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a disk, a hand-held power tool for abrasive disks and a control method.
  • Abrasive disks rotate at high speed. During use of the disk, abraded matter of the disk and of the machined material fly away from the disk at high speed. Furthermore, the disk is subject to high loads due to centrifugal force. For safety reasons, therefore, the regulatory authorities set an upper limit for the rotational speed.
  • Abrasive disks are subject to wear.
  • the wear leads to a reduced periphery and thus reduced rotational speed.
  • the reduced rotational speed adversely affects the machining performance of the disks.
  • An abrasive disk according to the invention has one or more layers, in which abrasive grains are embedded. Embedded in one layer is sensor for detecting an original periphery of the abrasive disk that has been altered by wear.
  • the sensor has at least one closed conductor loop, which is arranged at a radial distance from the original periphery such that, when the original periphery is worn by more than the radial distance, the conductor loop is interrupted.
  • a transponder emits a radio signal indicative of whether the conductor loop is closed or interrupted.
  • the radio signals indicate the radial wear of the disk.
  • a hand-held power tool can adjust the speed accordingly.
  • a hand-held power tool for the abrasive disk has a holder for the abrasive disk, an electric motor for rotating the abrasive disk and a speed control for the electric motor.
  • a communication device is set up to receive the radio signal emitted by the transponder of the abrasive disk.
  • a device controller sets the speed for the speed control based on the radio signal received.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electric angle grinder
  • FIG. 2 shows an abrasive disk in cross section
  • FIG. 3 shows the abrasive disk in a plan view
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail of an abrasive disk
  • FIG. 5 shows a detail of an abrasive disk.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electric hand-held power tool 1 for abrasive disks 2 .
  • the hand-held power tool 1 has a tool holder 3 for an abrasive disk. 2
  • the tool holder 3 is coupled to an electric motor 4 , which rotatably drives the tool holder 3 about its axis.
  • a speed control 5 controls the electric motor 4 .
  • the speed control 5 limits the speed to a maximum speed in order to prevent damage to the abrasive disk 2 and possible injury to the user.
  • a protective hood 6 annularly encloses more than half of the tool holder 3 , in order to protect the user from flying sparks and substance abrasively removed.
  • the hand-held power tool 1 has a handle 7 with which the user can hold and guide the hand-held power tool 1 in operation. At or near the handle 7 , a button 8 for starting the electric motor 4 is arranged.
  • the hand-held power tool 1 can be powered from the grid or by means of batteries 9 .
  • the hand-held power tool 1 has a device controller 10 .
  • the device controller 10 sets the target speed for the speed control 5 .
  • the device controller 10 may access a memory 11 , in which a target speed is stored.
  • the device controller 10 may also access a communication device 12 in order to communicate with an abrasive disk 2 .
  • the communication device 12 has a transmitter 13 for transmitting radio-based signals and a receiver 14 for receiving a radio-based response of the abrasive disk 2 .
  • a transmission power of the transmitter 13 is preferably sufficient to power a transponder, e.g., a radio-frequency identification (RFID) chip, without its own energy source via the transmission power.
  • RFID radio-frequency identification
  • the device controller 10 When the button 8 is actuated, the device controller 10 directs a request to the disk 2 to identify it.
  • the disk 2 if equipped with a transponder 15 , reports an identification number or type number.
  • the device controller 10 checks whether the type number differs from the disk 2 last used. If this is the case, the device controller 10 inquires what is a maximum permissible speed for the disk 2 .
  • the device controller 10 stores the maximum permissible speed in the memory 11 .
  • the disk 2 transmits a list of different maximum speeds to be used depending on a degree of wear of the disk 2 . The degree of wear is coded in radio signals which are transmitted in the list.
  • the device controller 10 stores the list in the memory 11 .
  • the device controller 10 sets the speed of the speed control 5 to the maximum permissible speed that corresponds to the current degree of wear.
  • the device controller inquires at intervals via the communication device 12 what is the degree of wear of the disk 2 .
  • the radio signal received as a response by the communication device 12 is compared with the stored list.
  • the maximum permissible speed associated with the radio signal is transmitted to the speed control 5 .
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows an embodiment of an abrasive disk 2 in cross section.
  • the abrasive disk 2 shown is a multi-layer cutting disk with different grains.
  • the abrasive disk 2 has a middle layer 16 with first grains.
  • the middle layer 16 can be produced for example by an electrodeposited matrix in which the grains are distributed.
  • the two outer layers 17 , 18 can also be produced with an electrodeposited matrix and scattered embedded grains.
  • the grains of the middle layer 16 may be larger than the grains of the outer layers 17 , 18 .
  • the grains given by way of example have a diameter of 4 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, respectively.
  • the production of the layers 18 is purely exemplary.
  • Another method given by way of example is based on fabrics that are impregnated with resins mixed the grains. The resins are then cured.
  • the number of different layers is also purely exemplary.
  • Other disks have one, two or more different abrasive layers.
  • the disks 2 are provided with a cover layer 19 , on which the disk type, manufacturer, etc. are indicated.
  • the disks are produced with different diameters. Diameters given by way of example are 8.9 cm and 11.2 cm.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an instance of wear given by way of example.
  • the as-new disk 2 has the original periphery 20 .
  • the disks 2 become worn during use, which reduces the diameter and periphery. Examples of a periphery 21 of a worn disk 2 are shown by dashed lines.
  • the original diameter, original radius or original periphery 20 designates the respective property of a new, unused abrasive disk 2 .
  • a sensor 22 which detects wear and the degree of wear of the disk 2 .
  • the sensor 22 is based on one or more closed conductor loops 23 , 24 .
  • the conductor loops 23 , 24 run parallel to the abrasive layers 16 .
  • the conductor loop 23 may be printed on a film of non-conductive plastic.
  • the film is stacked as a further layer 25 with the other layers 16 .
  • the film may be arranged as shown on the abrasive layers 16 or between the abrasive layers 18 .
  • the conductor loops 23 , 24 have a low mechanical strength.
  • the conductor loops 23 , 24 preferably have a height of less than 100 ⁇ m.
  • the conductor loops 23 , 24 are preferably made of copper or graphite.
  • the closed conductor loop 23 has a (detection) portion 26 which is closest to the periphery 20 and farthest from a center of the disk 2 .
  • the detection portion 26 is at a radial distance 27 .
  • the detection portion 26 given by way of example lies within the original periphery 20 and outside a worn periphery 21 .
  • the radius of the worn periphery 20 corresponds to the original radius reduced by the distance 27 .
  • the detection portion 26 is exposed by the distance 27 , i.e., up to the worn periphery 21 , and destroyed.
  • the previously closed conductor loop 23 is then interrupted.
  • a sensor 22 for example on in the layer 25 with the conductor loops.
  • the sensor 22 may be realized for example as an RFID chip.
  • the sensor 22 checks the closed or interrupted state of the conductor loop 23 .
  • the sensor 22 determines the electrical properties of the conductor loop 24 , e.g., resistivity, inductance and electromagnetic resonant frequency.
  • the sensor 22 is based for example on an ohmmeter for determining the electrical resistance value of the conductor loop 23 . If the resistance value exceeds a threshold value, e.g., 1 megohm, the conductor loop 24 is considered to be interrupted, otherwise the conductor loop 23 is considered to be closed.
  • the conductor loop 23 is galvanically connected to the sensor 22 .
  • the ohmmeter applies a voltage to the conductor loop 23 and measures the amplitude of the current flowing in the conductor loop 23 .
  • Another configuration of the sensor 22 determines the inductance of the conductor loop 23 .
  • a further configuration of the sensor 22 determines whether the resonant frequency of the conductor loop 23 changes.
  • the conductor loop 23 may be part of an electrical oscillating circuit or be inductively coupled to an oscillating circuit of the sensor 22 . While the conductor loop 23 or the oscillating circuit can be excited at a predetermined resonant frequency with a closed conductor loop 23 , this is not possible with an interrupted conductor loop, or if it is at a different resonant frequency.
  • the sensor 22 excites the oscillating circuit at the predetermined resonant frequency.
  • the conductor loop 23 is considered to be closed, otherwise it is considered to be interrupted.
  • the described configurations for determining the electrical properties of the conductor loop 23 are given by way of example.
  • the sensor 22 may also be passively formed.
  • An external transmission source excites the oscillating circuit 28 .
  • the sensor 22 includes a transponder 15 .
  • the transponder 15 may consist of a passive antenna.
  • the transponder 15 transmits the state of the conductor loop, i.e., whether the conductor loop is interrupted or whether the conductor loop is closed.
  • the senor 22 includes a memory 29 , in which characteristics of the abrasive disk 2 are stored. For example, a maximum permissible speed for the disk 2 when the conductor loop 23 is closed and a maximum permissible speed for the disk 2 when the conductor loop 23 is interrupted are stored in the memory 29 .
  • the sensor 22 determines the currently permissible rotational speed based on the determined state of the conductor loop 23 .
  • the permissible speed is output via the transponder 15 .
  • the transponder 15 can transmit both values, i.e., for the closed conductor loop 23 and the interrupted conductor loop 23 , at one time to the communication device 12 of the hand-held power tool 1 . At the same time, the transponder 15 transmits the radio signals or their coding for the two states. An evaluation can thus be transmitted to the device controller 10 .
  • the sensor 22 may have a. second conductor loop 24 or a number of conductor loops.
  • the second conductor loop 24 is at a greater distance 30 from the original periphery 20 . Accordingly, the second conductor loop 24 is only severed when there is a greater degree of wear 31 .
  • the second conductor loop 24 has a detection portion 32 in a way similar to the first conductor loop 23 . The detection portion 32 is destroyed when the abrasive disk 2 is worn by more than the distance 30 .
  • the sensor 22 detects whether the second conductor loop 24 is closed or interrupted.
  • the two conductor loops 23 , 24 can be galvanically isolated as shown.
  • the sensor 22 can scan the conductor loops 23 , 24 one after the other.
  • the transponder 15 transmits a radio signal in which the state of both conductor loops 23 , 24 is coded,
  • the number of conductor loops 23 , 24 may be greater than two, e.g., up to ten conductor loops.
  • the sensor 22 and the memory 29 need only be scaled accordingly.
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show other configurations of the conductor loops, in which the conductor loops 33 , 34 are galvanically connected.
  • a first conductor loop 33 is at the smallest distance 27 from the original periphery 20 .
  • a second conductor loop 24 is at a greater distance 30 from the original periphery 20 .
  • Their respective detection portions 35 , 36 are radially offset from one another, as in the first embodiment.
  • the sensor 22 may for example determine the change in resistance of the connected conductor loops.
  • the conductor loops 33 , 34 form an electrical parallel circuit. With each interrupted conductor loop 33 , the resistance value of the parallel circuit increases.
  • the conductor loops 33 , 34 preferably each have a clearly measurable resistance 37 .
  • the resistance 37 may for example be produced by using graphite instead of a metal for the conductor loops 33 , 34 .
  • the sensor 22 may determine the inductance or resonant frequency of the parallel-connected conductor loops 33 , 34 .
  • the inductance of the parallel circuit decreases with each severed conductor loop 33 .
  • the resonant frequency increases with each separated conductor loop 33 .
  • the parallel-connected conductor loops 33 , 34 may be part of an oscillating circuit 28 of the sensor 22 or be inductively excited via an oscillating circuit 28 of the sensor 22 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
US16/762,839 2017-11-10 2018-10-30 Abrasive Disk, Hand-Held Power Tool and Control Method Abandoned US20210023675A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17201070.4A EP3482876A1 (de) 2017-11-10 2017-11-10 Abrasive scheibe, handwerkzeugmaschine und steuerungsverfahren
EP17201070.4 2017-11-10
PCT/EP2018/079648 WO2019091823A1 (de) 2017-11-10 2018-10-30 Abrasive scheibe, handwerkzeugmaschine und steuerungsverfahren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20210023675A1 true US20210023675A1 (en) 2021-01-28

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US16/762,839 Abandoned US20210023675A1 (en) 2017-11-10 2018-10-30 Abrasive Disk, Hand-Held Power Tool and Control Method

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20210023675A1 (zh)
EP (2) EP3482876A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN111132801B (zh)
WO (1) WO2019091823A1 (zh)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190344400A1 (en) * 2017-01-23 2019-11-14 Voith Patent Gmbh Grinding robot and method for grinding electrically conductive workpieces
US20200039027A1 (en) * 2018-08-02 2020-02-06 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive article including a wear detection sensor
CN112207714A (zh) * 2019-07-10 2021-01-12 鼎朋企业股份有限公司 具随意偏心轨道运动速度检测的研磨工具机
US20210008688A1 (en) * 2019-07-08 2021-01-14 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Power tool with electronic control of multiple speeds
CN113001352A (zh) * 2021-03-22 2021-06-22 吾尚良品环境服务(上海)有限公司 一种用于石材打磨的收线器
US20210308825A1 (en) * 2018-08-27 2021-10-07 3M Innovative Properties Company A system for monitoring one or more of an abrading tool, a consumable abrasive product and a workpiece
US20220111490A1 (en) * 2018-08-27 2022-04-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Embedded electronic circuit in grinding wheels and methods of embedding
WO2024259639A1 (en) * 2023-06-21 2024-12-26 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Systems and methods for measuring a size of a cutting wheel
US12226876B2 (en) 2019-04-03 2025-02-18 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive article, abrasive system and method for using and forming same
WO2025108853A1 (de) * 2023-11-21 2025-05-30 Jochen Kuhn Sensorschaltung
US12330265B2 (en) 2019-03-29 2025-06-17 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Performance grinding solutions

Families Citing this family (3)

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DE102019207736A1 (de) * 2019-05-27 2020-12-03 Robel Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh Verfahren und Trennschleifgerät zum Durchtrennen einer Schiene eines Gleises
TWI690385B (zh) * 2019-06-28 2020-04-11 鼎朋企業股份有限公司 具隨意偏心軌道運動速度檢測的研磨工具機
CN113635216A (zh) * 2021-08-26 2021-11-12 业成科技（成都）有限公司 砂纸、金相研磨方法和装置

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US20030006898A1 (en) * 2001-07-03 2003-01-09 International Business Machines Corporation Warning method and apparatus
US6602109B1 (en) * 1998-12-16 2003-08-05 University Of Massachusetts Grinding wheel system
US7840305B2 (en) * 2006-06-28 2010-11-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive articles, CMP monitoring system and method
US20120043980A1 (en) * 2009-02-27 2012-02-23 Brian Investments Pty Ltd Wear sensor

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CN202155778U (zh) * 2011-06-01 2012-03-07 张文锦 一种砂轮磨损自动检知装置
DE102013113202B4 (de) * 2013-11-28 2016-12-08 Rhodius Schleifwerkzeuge Gmbh & Co. Kg Anordnung mit einer handgeführten Werkzeugmaschine und einer Schleifscheibe; Verfahren zum Steuern der Drehzahl einer handgeführten Werkzeugmaschine sowie Verwendung dieses Verfahrens und dieser Anordnung
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Patent Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4646001A (en) * 1983-11-21 1987-02-24 Morganite Electrical Carbon Limited Resistive wear sensors
US6602109B1 (en) * 1998-12-16 2003-08-05 University Of Massachusetts Grinding wheel system
DE10105781A1 (de) * 2000-02-07 2001-08-30 Cornelius Gaiser Einrichtung zur Erfassung und Verfahren zur Auswertung von Geometrieveränderungen an rotierenden Objekten
DE10105781B4 (de) * 2000-02-07 2004-03-04 Gaiser, Cornelius, Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Einrichtung zur Erfassung und Verfahren zur Auswertung von Geometrieveränderungen an rotierenden Objekten
US20030006898A1 (en) * 2001-07-03 2003-01-09 International Business Machines Corporation Warning method and apparatus
US7840305B2 (en) * 2006-06-28 2010-11-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive articles, CMP monitoring system and method
US20120043980A1 (en) * 2009-02-27 2012-02-23 Brian Investments Pty Ltd Wear sensor

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11772233B2 (en) * 2017-01-23 2023-10-03 Voith Patent Gmbh Grinding robot and method for grinding electrically conductive workpieces
US20190344400A1 (en) * 2017-01-23 2019-11-14 Voith Patent Gmbh Grinding robot and method for grinding electrically conductive workpieces
US20200039027A1 (en) * 2018-08-02 2020-02-06 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive article including a wear detection sensor
US20210308825A1 (en) * 2018-08-27 2021-10-07 3M Innovative Properties Company A system for monitoring one or more of an abrading tool, a consumable abrasive product and a workpiece
US20220111490A1 (en) * 2018-08-27 2022-04-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Embedded electronic circuit in grinding wheels and methods of embedding
US11628541B2 (en) * 2018-08-27 2023-04-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Embedded electronic circuit in grinding wheels and methods of embedding
US12330265B2 (en) 2019-03-29 2025-06-17 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Performance grinding solutions
US12226876B2 (en) 2019-04-03 2025-02-18 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive article, abrasive system and method for using and forming same
US20210008688A1 (en) * 2019-07-08 2021-01-14 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Power tool with electronic control of multiple speeds
US12053855B2 (en) * 2019-07-08 2024-08-06 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Power tool with electronic control of multiple speeds
CN112207714A (zh) * 2019-07-10 2021-01-12 鼎朋企业股份有限公司 具随意偏心轨道运动速度检测的研磨工具机
CN113001352A (zh) * 2021-03-22 2021-06-22 吾尚良品环境服务(上海)有限公司 一种用于石材打磨的收线器
WO2024259639A1 (en) * 2023-06-21 2024-12-26 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Systems and methods for measuring a size of a cutting wheel
WO2025108853A1 (de) * 2023-11-21 2025-05-30 Jochen Kuhn Sensorschaltung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN111132801A (zh) 2020-05-08
WO2019091823A1 (de) 2019-05-16
EP3706955A1 (de) 2020-09-16
CN111132801B (zh) 2022-05-17
EP3482876A1 (de) 2019-05-15

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