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US20190368052A1 - Composite and method for making same - Google Patents

Composite and method for making same Download PDF

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Publication number
US20190368052A1
US20190368052A1 US16/201,907 US201816201907A US2019368052A1 US 20190368052 A1 US20190368052 A1 US 20190368052A1 US 201816201907 A US201816201907 A US 201816201907A US 2019368052 A1 US2019368052 A1 US 2019368052A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
nano
holes
substrate
coating layer
composite
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US16/201,907
Inventor
Chwan-Hwa Chiang
Chen-Yi Tai
Zeng-Mao Zheng
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Futaihong Precision Industry Co Ltd
FIH Hong Kong Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Futaihong Precision Industry Co Ltd
FIH Hong Kong Ltd
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Assigned to SHENZHEN FUTAIHONG PRECISION INDUSTRY CO., LTD., FIH (HONG KONG) LIMITED reassignment SHENZHEN FUTAIHONG PRECISION INDUSTRY CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CHIANG, CHWAN-HWA, TAI, CHEN-YI, ZHENG, Zeng-mao
Publication of US20190368052A1 publication Critical patent/US20190368052A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/002—Pretreatement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
    • B05D7/16—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies using synthetic lacquers or varnishes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
    • C23F1/10—Etching compositions
    • C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
    • C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
    • C23F1/26—Acidic compositions for etching refractory metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
    • B05D2202/30—Metallic substrate based on refractory metals (Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W)
    • B05D2202/35—Metallic substrate based on refractory metals (Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W) based on Ti
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
    • C23G1/12—Light metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/14—Bale and package ties, hose clamps
    • Y10T24/149—Wire
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

Definitions

  • the subject matter herein generally relates to machine-made composite and a method for making the composite.
  • Nano-ceramic film has high hardness. However, applied to a metal surface, it is prone to chipping when subjected to mechanical processing such as CNC machining.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a composite.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the composite shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for making a composite in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a composite 10 .
  • the composite 10 can be applied to an electronic device, a mechanical device, a car, or the like.
  • the electronic device can be a mobile phone or a tablet computer.
  • the composite 10 includes a substrate 101 and a coating layer 103 .
  • a material of the substrate 101 can be titanium or titanium alloys.
  • the titanium alloys can be selected from a group consisting of TAD, TA 0 , TA 1 , TA 2 , TA 3 , TA 4 , TA 5 , TA 6 , TA 7 , TA 9 , TA 10 , TB 2 , TB 3 , TB 4 , TC 1 , TC 2 , TC 3 , TC 4 , TC 6 , TC 9 , TC 10 , TC 11 and TC 12 .
  • nano-holes 1011 are formed on a surface of the substrate 101 .
  • the nano-holes 1011 are irregular cavities. Specifically, diameters of the nano-holes 1011 vary in a range from several tens of nanometers to several hundreds of nanometers.
  • the shape of the nano-holes 1011 are substantially similar to honeycomb structure.
  • protrusions 1012 accompany the nano-holes 1011 .
  • the protrusions 1012 can be formed beside the nano-holes 1011 or in the nano-holes 1011 .
  • the protrusions 1012 are irregular.
  • the protrusions 1012 belong to a portion of the substrate 101 .
  • the protrusions 1012 can be formed at portions of the substrate 101 other than the nano-holes 1011 .
  • the nano-holes 1011 and the protrusions 1012 are formed on the substrate 101 by surface treatment. For example, putting the substrate 101 into a pickling solution, and pickling it at 15-95° C. for 2-30 minutes to form the nano-holes 1011 and the protrusions 1012 on the surface of the substrate 101 .
  • the pickling solution includes 1-8% by weight of organic acid, 1-15% by weight of inorganic acid, 0.1-3% by weight of additive, 0.5-4% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, and 83-97% by weight of pure water.
  • the organic acid is one or more of acetic acid, formic acid, and oxalic acid.
  • the inorganic acid is one or more of hydrofluoric acid, sulfamic acid, and nitric acid.
  • the additive is one or more of potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, and copper sulfate.
  • the coating layer 103 is formed on the surface of the surface treated substrate 101 .
  • the surface of the surface treated substrate 101 includes the surface of the nano-holes 1011 and the surface of the protrusions 1012 .
  • the coating layer 103 is a nanometric ceramic coating layer.
  • an aqueous nanometer ceramic paint is sprayed on the surface of the substrate 101 on which the nano-holes 1011 are formed using an air lance to form the coating layer 103 .
  • the aqueous nanometer ceramic paint covers the surface of the substrate 101 , and the nano-holes 1011 are completely filled with the aqueous nanometer ceramic pain.
  • the aqueous nanometer ceramic paint enters into the nano-holes 1011 which form a structural anchor, thereby improving the binding force between the coating layer 103 and the substrate 101 .
  • the present disclosure discloses a method for making the composite 10 , which is described as follows:
  • a material of the substrate 101 can be titanium or titanium alloys.
  • the titanium alloys can be selected from a group consisting of TAD, TA 0 , TA 1 , TA 2 , TA 3 , TA 4 , TA 5 , TA 6 , TA 7 , TA 9 , TA 10 , TB 2 , TB 3 , TB 4 , TC 1 , TC 2 , TC 3 , TC 4 , TC 6 , TC 9 , TC 10 , TC 11 and TC 12 .
  • the substrate 101 is cleaned.
  • the cleaning process includes dipping the substrate 101 in a degreasing solution, and then removing the substrate 101 from the degreasing solution and rinsing with pure water to remove dust and oil on the surface of the substrate 101 .
  • the pickling solution includes 1-8% by weight of organic acid, 1-15% by weight of inorganic acid, 0.1-3% by weight of additive, 0.5-4% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, and 83-97% by weight of pure water.
  • the organic acid is one or more of acetic acid, formic acid and oxalic acid.
  • the inorganic acid is one or more of hydrofluoric acid, sulfamic acid, and nitric acid.
  • the additive is one or more of potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, and copper sulfate.
  • nano-holes 1011 are formed on the surface of the substrate 101 by surface treatment. Specifically, putting the substrate 101 into the pickling solution, and pickling it at 15-95° C. for 2-30 minutes to form the nano-holes 1011 on the surface of the substrate 101 .
  • the nano-holes 1011 are irregular cavities, diameters of the nano-holes 1011 vary in a range from several tens of nanometers to several hundreds of nanometers.
  • the shape of the nano-holes 1011 are substantially similar to honeycomb structure.
  • protrusions 1012 accompany the nano-holes 1011 .
  • the protrusions 1012 can be formed beside the nano-holes 1011 or in the nano-holes 101 .
  • the protrusions 1012 are irregular.
  • the protrusions 1012 belong to a portion of the substrate 101 .
  • the protrusions 1012 can be formed at portions of the substrate 101 other than the nano-holes 1011 .
  • the surface treated substrate 101 is washed by rinsing the surface of the substrate 101 twice with pure water to remove the pickling solution.
  • a coating layer 103 is formed on the surface of the surface treated substrate 101 .
  • the surface of the surface treated substrate 101 includes the surface of the nano-holes 1011 and the surface of the protrusions 1012 .
  • an nanometer ceramic paint is sprayed on the surface of the substrate 101 on which the nano-holes 1011 are formed using an air lance to form the coating layer 103 .
  • the nanometer ceramic paint covers the surface of the substrate 101 , and the nano-holes 1011 are completely filled with the nanometer ceramic paint.
  • the nanometer ceramic paint enters into the nano-holes 1011 which form a structural anchor, thereby improving the binding force between the coating layer 103 and the substrate 101 .
  • the nanometer ceramic paint is aqueous nanometer ceramic paint.
  • the substrate 101 used in present embodiment is a titanium alloys.
  • the substrate 101 is cleaned. At 50° C., dipping the substrate 101 in a degreasing solution for 1.5 minutes, then removing the substrate 10 from the degreasing solution and rinsing with pure water to remove dust and oil.
  • a pickling solution is provided.
  • the pickling solution includes 3.7% by weight of sulfamic acid, 1.2% by weight of formic acid, 0.9% by weight of potassium fluoride, 2.1% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, and 92.1% by weight of pure water.
  • Nano-holes 1011 are formed on the surface of the substrate 101 . Specifically, putting the substrate 101 into the pickling solution, and pickling it at room temperature for 19 minutes to form the nano-holes 1011 on the surface of the substrate 101 , irregular protrusions 1012 are formed beside the nano-holes 1011 or in the nano-holes 1011 .
  • the surface treater substrate 101 is washed by rinsing the surface of the substrate 101 twice with pure water to remove the pickling solution.
  • a coating layer 103 is formed on the surface of the substrate 101 with the nano-holes 1011 .
  • an aqueous nanometer ceramic paint is sprayed on the surface of the substrate 101 on which the nano-holes 1011 are formed using an air lance to form a coating layer 103 .
  • the aqueous nanometer ceramic paint covers the surface of the substrate 101 , and the nano-holes 1011 are completely filled with the aqueous nanometer ceramic paint.
  • Adhesion Cross-Cut Test The Adhesion Cross-Cut Test is used to test the adhesion of the coating layer 103 on the surface of the substrate 101 .
  • the Adhesion Cross-Cut Test showed that the coating layer 103 had no lacquer layer peeling off, and the ASTM level reached 5B.
  • the composite 10 has an improved bonding force between the substrate 101 and the coating layer 103 by forming the nano-holes 1011 on the surface of the substrate 101 .
  • the nano-holes 1011 are completely filled with the nanometer ceramic paint which form a structural anchor, thereby improving the bonding force between the coating layer 103 and the substrate 101 .
  • the preparation and coating operations are simple, and the ceramic paint used is a water-based paint that is more environmentally friendly. In addition, the preparation of the composite 10 does not need to be implemented in a high temperature environment, and the safety of the operation is also improved.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

A composite toughened against chipping during machining and other operations includes a substrate and a coating layer includes a substrate and a coating layer. The substrate is titanium or titanium alloys. Nano-holes are formed on a surface of the substrate. The coating layer completely fills in the nano-holes and completely covers the surface of the substrate where the nano-holes are not formed. The disclosure further provides a method for making such composite.

Description

    FIELD
  • The subject matter herein generally relates to machine-made composite and a method for making the composite.
    • BACKGROUND
  • Nano-ceramic film has high hardness. However, applied to a metal surface, it is prone to chipping when subjected to mechanical processing such as CNC machining.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described, with reference to the attached figures.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a composite.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the composite shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for making a composite in accordance with an embodiment.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • It will be appreciated that for simplicity and clarity of illustration, where appropriate, reference numerals have been repeated among the different figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements. In addition, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments described herein. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiment described herein can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, methods, procedures, and components have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the related relevant feature being described. Further, the description is not to be considered as limiting the scope of the embodiments described herein. The drawings are not necessarily to scale and the proportions of certain parts may be exaggerated to better illustrate details and features of the present disclosure.
  • The term “comprising,” when utilized, means “including, but not necessarily limited to”; it specifically indicates open-ended inclusion or membership in the so-described combination, group, series and the like.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a composite 10. The composite 10 can be applied to an electronic device, a mechanical device, a car, or the like. The electronic device can be a mobile phone or a tablet computer.
  • The composite 10 includes a substrate 101 and a coating layer 103.
  • A material of the substrate 101 can be titanium or titanium alloys. The titanium alloys can be selected from a group consisting of TAD, TA0, TA1, TA2, TA3, TA4, TA5, TA6, TA7, TA9, TA10, TB2, TB3, TB4, TC1, TC2, TC3, TC4, TC6, TC9, TC10, TC11 and TC12.
  • Referring to FIG. 2, in present embodiment, nano-holes 1011 are formed on a surface of the substrate 101. The nano-holes 1011 are irregular cavities. Specifically, diameters of the nano-holes 1011 vary in a range from several tens of nanometers to several hundreds of nanometers. The shape of the nano-holes 1011 are substantially similar to honeycomb structure.
  • Referring to FIG. 2, protrusions 1012 accompany the nano-holes 1011. The protrusions 1012 can be formed beside the nano-holes 1011 or in the nano-holes 1011. The protrusions 1012 are irregular. The protrusions 1012 belong to a portion of the substrate 101. In another embodiment, the protrusions 1012 can be formed at portions of the substrate 101 other than the nano-holes 1011.
  • In present embodiment, the nano-holes 1011 and the protrusions 1012 are formed on the substrate 101 by surface treatment. For example, putting the substrate 101 into a pickling solution, and pickling it at 15-95° C. for 2-30 minutes to form the nano-holes 1011 and the protrusions 1012 on the surface of the substrate 101. The pickling solution includes 1-8% by weight of organic acid, 1-15% by weight of inorganic acid, 0.1-3% by weight of additive, 0.5-4% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, and 83-97% by weight of pure water. The organic acid is one or more of acetic acid, formic acid, and oxalic acid. The inorganic acid is one or more of hydrofluoric acid, sulfamic acid, and nitric acid. The additive is one or more of potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, and copper sulfate.
  • The coating layer 103 is formed on the surface of the surface treated substrate 101. The surface of the surface treated substrate 101 includes the surface of the nano-holes 1011 and the surface of the protrusions 1012. In present embodiment, the coating layer 103 is a nanometric ceramic coating layer.
  • Specifically, an aqueous nanometer ceramic paint is sprayed on the surface of the substrate 101 on which the nano-holes 1011 are formed using an air lance to form the coating layer 103. The aqueous nanometer ceramic paint covers the surface of the substrate 101, and the nano-holes 1011 are completely filled with the aqueous nanometer ceramic pain. The aqueous nanometer ceramic paint enters into the nano-holes 1011 which form a structural anchor, thereby improving the binding force between the coating layer 103 and the substrate 101.
  • Referring to FIG. 3, the present disclosure discloses a method for making the composite 10, which is described as follows:
  • At block 201, a substrate 101 is provided. A material of the substrate 101 can be titanium or titanium alloys. The titanium alloys can be selected from a group consisting of TAD, TA0, TA1, TA2, TA3, TA4, TA5, TA6, TA7, TA9, TA10, TB2, TB3, TB4, TC1, TC2, TC3, TC4, TC6, TC9, TC10, TC11 and TC12.
  • The substrate 101 is cleaned. In the present embodiment, the cleaning process includes dipping the substrate 101 in a degreasing solution, and then removing the substrate 101 from the degreasing solution and rinsing with pure water to remove dust and oil on the surface of the substrate 101.
  • At block 203, a pickling solution is provided. In present embodiment, the pickling solution includes 1-8% by weight of organic acid, 1-15% by weight of inorganic acid, 0.1-3% by weight of additive, 0.5-4% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, and 83-97% by weight of pure water. The organic acid is one or more of acetic acid, formic acid and oxalic acid. The inorganic acid is one or more of hydrofluoric acid, sulfamic acid, and nitric acid. The additive is one or more of potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, and copper sulfate.
  • At block 205, nano-holes 1011 are formed on the surface of the substrate 101 by surface treatment. Specifically, putting the substrate 101 into the pickling solution, and pickling it at 15-95° C. for 2-30 minutes to form the nano-holes 1011 on the surface of the substrate 101. The nano-holes 1011 are irregular cavities, diameters of the nano-holes 1011 vary in a range from several tens of nanometers to several hundreds of nanometers. The shape of the nano-holes 1011 are substantially similar to honeycomb structure.
  • Further, protrusions 1012 accompany the nano-holes 1011. The protrusions 1012 can be formed beside the nano-holes 1011 or in the nano-holes 101. The protrusions 1012 are irregular. The protrusions 1012 belong to a portion of the substrate 101. In another embodiment, the protrusions 1012 can be formed at portions of the substrate 101 other than the nano-holes 1011.
  • The surface treated substrate 101 is washed by rinsing the surface of the substrate 101 twice with pure water to remove the pickling solution.
  • At block 207, a coating layer 103 is formed on the surface of the surface treated substrate 101. The surface of the surface treated substrate 101 includes the surface of the nano-holes 1011 and the surface of the protrusions 1012.
  • Specifically, an nanometer ceramic paint is sprayed on the surface of the substrate 101 on which the nano-holes 1011 are formed using an air lance to form the coating layer 103. The nanometer ceramic paint covers the surface of the substrate 101, and the nano-holes 1011 are completely filled with the nanometer ceramic paint. The nanometer ceramic paint enters into the nano-holes 1011 which form a structural anchor, thereby improving the binding force between the coating layer 103 and the substrate 101. In present embodiment, the nanometer ceramic paint is aqueous nanometer ceramic paint.
  • Embodiments according to the present disclosure are described below.
    • Embodiment 1
  • The substrate 101 used in present embodiment is a titanium alloys.
  • The substrate 101 is cleaned. At 50° C., dipping the substrate 101 in a degreasing solution for 1.5 minutes, then removing the substrate 10 from the degreasing solution and rinsing with pure water to remove dust and oil.
  • A pickling solution is provided. The pickling solution includes 3.7% by weight of sulfamic acid, 1.2% by weight of formic acid, 0.9% by weight of potassium fluoride, 2.1% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, and 92.1% by weight of pure water.
  • Nano-holes 1011 are formed on the surface of the substrate 101. Specifically, putting the substrate 101 into the pickling solution, and pickling it at room temperature for 19 minutes to form the nano-holes 1011 on the surface of the substrate 101, irregular protrusions 1012 are formed beside the nano-holes 1011 or in the nano-holes 1011.
  • The surface treater substrate 101 is washed by rinsing the surface of the substrate 101 twice with pure water to remove the pickling solution.
  • A coating layer 103 is formed on the surface of the substrate 101 with the nano-holes 1011. Specifically, an aqueous nanometer ceramic paint is sprayed on the surface of the substrate 101 on which the nano-holes 1011 are formed using an air lance to form a coating layer 103. The aqueous nanometer ceramic paint covers the surface of the substrate 101, and the nano-holes 1011 are completely filled with the aqueous nanometer ceramic paint.
  • Test Results:
  • Adhesion Cross-Cut Test: The Adhesion Cross-Cut Test is used to test the adhesion of the coating layer 103 on the surface of the substrate 101. The Adhesion Cross-Cut Test showed that the coating layer 103 had no lacquer layer peeling off, and the ASTM level reached 5B.
  • The composite 10 has an improved bonding force between the substrate 101 and the coating layer 103 by forming the nano-holes 1011 on the surface of the substrate 101. The nano-holes 1011 are completely filled with the nanometer ceramic paint which form a structural anchor, thereby improving the bonding force between the coating layer 103 and the substrate 101. The preparation and coating operations are simple, and the ceramic paint used is a water-based paint that is more environmentally friendly. In addition, the preparation of the composite 10 does not need to be implemented in a high temperature environment, and the safety of the operation is also improved.
  • It is to be understood, however, that even through numerous characteristics and advantages of the present disclosure have been set forth in the foregoing description, together with details of assembly and function, the disclosure is illustrative only, and changes may be made in detail, especially in the matters of shape, size, and arrangement of parts within the principles of the disclosure to the full extent indicated by the broad general meaning of the terms in which the appended claims are expressed.

Claims (16)

What is claimed is:
1. A composite comprising:
a substrate, wherein a material of the substrate being selected from one of titanium and titanium alloys;
nano-holes formed on a surface of the substrate; and
a coating layer covers the surface of the substrate, and the nano-holes are filled with the coating layer.
2. The composite of claim 1, wherein the nano-holes are irregular cavities, diameters of the nano-hole vary in a range from several tens of nanometers to several hundreds of nanometers.
3. The composite of claim 1, wherein the shape of the nano-holes are similar to honeycomb structure.
4. The composite of claim 1, wherein protrusions accompany the nano-holes, the protrusions are formed beside the nano-holes.
5. The composite of claim 1, wherein protrusions accompany the nano-holes, the protrusions are formed in the nano-holes.
6. The composite of claim 1, wherein the titanium alloys can be selected from a group consisting of TAD, TA0, TA1, TA2, TA3, TA4, TA5, TA6, TA7, TA9, TA10, TB2, TB3, TB4, TC1, TC2, TC3, TC4, TC6, TC9, TC10, TC11 and TC12.
7. The composite of claim 1, wherein the coating layer is a nanometric ceramic coating layer.
8. A method for making a composite comprising:
providing a substrate, wherein the material of the substrate being selected from one of titanium and titanium alloys;
forming nano-holes on a surface of the substrate by surface treatment;
forming a coating layer on the surface of the substrate having the nano-holes, the coating layer covers the surface of the substrate, and the nano-holes are filled with the coating layer.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the surface treatment comprises treating the substrate with a pickling solution, the pickling solution comprises 1-8% by weight of organic acid, 1-15% by weight of inorganic acid, 0.1-3% by weight of additive, 0.5-4% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, and 83-97% by weight of pure water.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the organic acid is one or more of acetic acid, formic acid and oxalic acid, the inorganic acid is one or more of hydrofluoric acid, sulfamic acid, and nitric acid, the additive is one or more of potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, and copper sulfate.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the nano-holes are irregular cavities, diameters of the nano-holes vary in a range from several tens of nanometers to several hundreds of nanometers.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein the shape of the nano-holes are similar to honeycomb structure.
13. The method of claim 8, wherein protrusions accompany the nano-holes, the protrusions are formed beside the nano-holes.
14. The method of claim 8, wherein protrusions accompany the nano-holes, the protrusions are formed in the nano-holes.
15. The method of claim 8, wherein the titanium alloys can be selected from a group consisting of TAD, TA0, TA1, TA2, TA3, TA4, TA5, TA6, TA7, TA9, TA10, TB2, TB3, TB4, TC1, TC2, TC3, TC4, TC6, TC9, TC10, TC11 and TC12.
16. The method of claim 8, wherein the coating layer is a nanometric ceramic coating layer.
US16/201,907 2018-05-31 2018-11-27 Composite and method for making same Abandoned US20190368052A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117070957A (en) * 2023-08-22 2023-11-17 西安赛尔电子材料科技有限公司 A pickling method for titanium alloy sensor glass sintered base

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CN104619141A (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-05-13 深圳富泰宏精密工业有限公司 Housing, manufacture method thereof and electronic device comprising same
CN109023497A (en) * 2017-06-09 2018-12-18 深圳富泰宏精密工业有限公司 The production method of shell and the shell

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117070957A (en) * 2023-08-22 2023-11-17 西安赛尔电子材料科技有限公司 A pickling method for titanium alloy sensor glass sintered base

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