US20170354009A1 - Road lamp control method - Google Patents
Road lamp control method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20170354009A1 US20170354009A1 US15/232,086 US201615232086A US2017354009A1 US 20170354009 A1 US20170354009 A1 US 20170354009A1 US 201615232086 A US201615232086 A US 201615232086A US 2017354009 A1 US2017354009 A1 US 2017354009A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- road
- lamp
- location tracking
- current
- brightness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
- F21V23/04—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
- F21V23/0442—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches activated by means of a sensor, e.g. motion or photodetectors
- F21V23/0471—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches activated by means of a sensor, e.g. motion or photodetectors the sensor detecting the proximity, the presence or the movement of an object or a person
-
- H05B33/0854—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
- F21S8/08—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard
- F21S8/085—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light
- F21S8/086—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light with lighting device attached sideways of the standard, e.g. for roads and highways
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0137—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/056—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for distinguishing direction of travel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
-
- H05B37/0227—
-
- H05B37/0272—
-
- H05B37/0281—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
- H05B47/115—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters by determining the presence or movement of objects or living beings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/16—Controlling the light source by timing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
- F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
- F21W2131/103—Outdoor lighting of streets or roads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a field of road lamp control, especially to a road lamp control method.
- Some simple road lamp control methods have been disclosed. They, for example, choose to turn off all the lamps on the roads with low traffic flow during a period from midnight to dawn, or to control ON and OFF of all the lamps according to the time of sunset and sunrise or ambient lighting conditions detected by photoelectric devices. These methods can save 20-40% power compared with the method that all lamps are on all through the night, and can prolong service life of road lamps effectively. However, these methods are unable to ensure road safety at night.
- An objective of the present invention is to provide a road lamp control method, which could solve the energy waste problem of the prior art, and can control ON and OFF and the brightness of road lamps in real-time on the basis of the flow of pedestrians, non-motor and motor vehicles at night, thereby ensuring safety of the pedestrians and the vehicles and saving electrical energy.
- a system implementing the method comprises a location tracking detection unit, a LED road lamp, a road-lamp control unit, a road-lamp brightness control unit, a information transmitting unit and a road-lamp drive unit, wherein, the road-lamp control unit is equipped with a location tracking receiver. After the location tracking receiver detects a location, a moving direction and a speed of the location tracking detection unit, the brightness control unit controls ON and OFF and brightness of the LED road lamp via the road-lamp control unit, the information transmitting unit and the road-lamp drive unit.
- the method comprises steps as follows:
- the location tracking detection unit is a GPS device or a Big Dobber sensor carried by pedestrians or vehicles, and the location tracking receiver can detect, within 15 meters near it, the location, the moving direction and the speed of the location tracking detection unit, and distinguish among pedestrians, non-motor and motor vehicles on the basis of the speed and the displacement, and would not be triggered by any other object to cause a misjudgment.
- the location tracking receiver can distinguish between a vehicle model and a pedestrian model on the basis of the moving speed: it is the vehicle model if the speed is greater than 15 km/h, and it is the pedestrian model if the speed is less than or equal to 15 km/h.
- the road-lamp control unit transmits information acquired by the current location tracking receiver with which the current road lamp is equipped to adjacent road lamps via the information transmitting circuit, and detects brightness information recorded in the road-lamp control units of the adjacent road lamps.
- the road-lamp brightness control unit on the basis of brightness information acquired by the current location tracking receiver and other location tracking receivers of adjacent road lamps, determines the brightness of the current and adjacent road lamps, sends out brightness control information of the current and adjacent road lamps, and thus drives the current and adjacent road lamps to be on or off and adjusts their brightness.
- the current road-lamp brightness control program makes the current road lamp to be completely lighted up via the road-lamp control unit and the road-lamp drive unit.
- the current location tracking receiver detects the pedestrian mold and detects that adjacent location tracking receivers ahead or behind have detected a moving object
- the current road-lamp brightness control unit makes the current LED road lamp to be completely lighted up via the road-lamp control unit and the road-lamp drive unit.
- the current location tracking receiver detects no moving object but detects that adjacent location tracking receivers behind or ahead have detected a moving object, the current road lamp is completely lighted up; and if the current location tracking receiver detects that adjacent location tracking receivers behind have detected no moving object, but detects that the m th location tracking receiver behind has detected a moving object, the current road lamp is completely lighted up, otherwise the current road lamp is off, wherein m ⁇ 3.
- the location tracking receiver detects no moving object, the current road lamp will be off after a delay time t, wherein 30 s t 3 min; and a response time from receiving a control signal to turning on the road lamp is less than 0.001 s, such that a moving distance of the moving object during the period when the brightness of the road lamp is adjusted is less than 5 cm.
- the method of the invention can control ON and OFF and the brightness of road lamps in real time based on the real traffic flow at night, and thereby ensuring safety of pedestrians and vehicles and saving electrical energy.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an exemplary system implementing the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the total program of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of road lamps when a pedestrian is detected according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the road lamp lighting program of the present invention.
- an exemplary system implementing the road lamp control method of the present invention comprises a location tracking detection unit 1 , a LED road lamp 2 , a road-lamp control unit 3 , a road-lamp brightness control unit 5 , a information transmitting unit 6 and a road-lamp drive unit 7 .
- the road-lamp control unit 3 is equipped with a location tracking receiver 4 . After the location tracking receiver 4 detects a location, a moving direction and a speed of the location tracking detection unit 1 , the road-lamp brightness control unit 5 controls ON and OFF and the brightness of the LED road lamp 2 via the road-lamp drive unit 7 , the road-lamp control unit 3 and the information transmitting unit 6 .
- This system can dynamically control ON and OFF and the brightness of road lamps on the basis of information from displacement detectors of current road lamps where pedestrians or vehicles are at and of adjacent road lamps.
- Controlling ON and OFF of road lamps does not mean that, when a detector detects a pedestrian or a vehicle passing by, only the road lamp which is equipped with this detector needs to be turned on. For pedestrians and vehicles passing by, usually, only a plurality of lighting road lamps would ensure their safety. A distance between adjacent road lamps on the road is generally 30 meters. When pedestrians are passing by, not only a sufficient number of lighting road lamps ahead can ensure walking safety, but the soft and long-distance diminishing brightness can give the pedestrians a sense of security.
- the vehicle's top speed (which is generally the speed limit of the viaduct in China) is about 80 km/h (The present invention does not take into account conditions of serious speeding and illegal act.).
- the local control system program of the present invention controls the on-off state of the road lamp which is equipped with the detector, as shown in FIG. 2 .
- the first step is to determine whether a road lamp lighting condition is satisfied.
- the road lamp lighting condition has two aspects: if the current detector in which the control program is located detects a pedestrian or a vehicle, or the control program receives signals from an adjacent detector that a pedestrian or a vehicle is passing by, the road lamp lighting condition will be satisfied.
- the program will proceed to the next step, i.e., to execute a road lamp lighting program. This state will last until the pedestrian or the vehicle leaves, or any other adjacent detector sends signals that the pedestrian or the vehicle enters or leaves (which is expressed as “signal changed” in FIG. 2 ). In these cases, the program will re-determine whether a road lamp lighting condition is satisfied.
- the step of executing the road lamp lighting program also comprises two aspects: turning on road lamps and adjusting the brightness of the road lamps on the basis of signals from the detector in which the program is located or from any adjacent detector.
- a detector detects a pedestrian passing by, and detects the moving direction of the pedestrian via a speed detector of claim 3 , the detector will transmit the information of presence of the pedestrian and his or her moving direction to the control program, and then the control program will control the road lamp which is equipped with the detector and each one road lamp before and after the pedestrian to be on.
- road lamps farther away do not need to be completely lighted up.
- the brightness of road lamps beginning with the second one before the pedestrian diminishes by q % per road lamp, which means that the brightness of the second road lamp is (1-q) % of that of the road lamp where the pedestrian is at, the brightness of the third one is (1-2q) %, and so on, as shown in FIG. 3 .
- a detector detects a vehicle passing by, three road lamps before the vehicle and one road lamp after the vehicle are lighted up (even if there is no vehicle coming behind, it is better to turn on one road lamp after the vehicle, such that the driver will feel secure when he or she looks in the rear-view mirror, because of the light behind the vehicle).
- Road lamps beginning with the fourth one do not need to be lighted up.
- the first is the detector of the road lamp where the pedestrian or the vehicle is at
- the second is the detector of adjacent three road lamps which detects a vehicle
- the last is the detector of adjacent four road lamps which detects a pedestrian.
- the total program as shown in FIG. 2 will re-determine whether the road lamp lighting condition is satisfied. If the condition is satisfied, the road lamp lighting program will be executed, and then road lamps will be lighted up, or the brightness of road lamps will be adjusted, according to the flow chart of FIG. 3 .
- the road lamp lighting program will not trigger itself to run in order to avoid an entrance of an endless loop.
- a third step i.e., delaying turning off the road lamp.
- This step is relatively simple. Every time when a signal is triggered as a pedestrian leaves a detector, the detector will make a record and maintain this for 30 seconds. If the program finds this record while the step of delaying turning off the road lamp is started, the program will be lasted for 30 seconds. If the road lamp lighting condition does not change during the 30 seconds (i.e., the road lamp lighting condition has not been satisfied during the 30 seconds), the road lamp will be turned off.
- the program will only be lasted for 10 seconds. If the road lamp lighting condition has not been satisfied during the 10 seconds, the road lamp will be turned off.
- One reason why the program is designed like this is that vehicles leave quickly and do not need road lamps to be on for a long delay time, but the speed of pedestrians is lower and therefore they need a longer delay time. If both vehicles and pedestrians are on the road at the same time, it should assure the pedestrians of sufficient light.
- Detectors of road lamps at a crossroads execute a control program that all these road lamps are completely lighted up.
- the traffic state of the crossroads is complex and accidents are more likely to happen. So, these lamps need to be always completely lighted up all through the night.
- detectors of adjacent lamps still require signals from the detectors of the road lamps at the crossroads to control ON and OFF of the lamps far away from the crossroads.
- the program is started as the road lamps are turned on from 5:00 pm to 7:00 pm, and continues to run until 5:00 am-7:00 am the next morning.
- the program is terminated as all the road lamps are turned off.
- the method of the present invention can improve the energy efficiency by over 75%, while, for the roads with higher traffic flow (6000-8000 vehicles a day), the method of the present invention can improve the energy efficiency by 40% - 50%.
- the method of the present invention can satisfy the requirements of pedestrians and vehicles for light, dynamically control on-off of road lamps based on the actual conditions of traffic on roads, and achieve energy-efficiency targets while meeting the requirements of pedestrians and vehicles at night.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application claims priority to Chinese Application No. 201610397995.9, which was filed Jun. 6, 2016. This prior application is incorporated herein by reference, in its entirety.
- The present invention relates to a field of road lamp control, especially to a road lamp control method.
- At present, usage of urban roads at night is low, especially during a period from midnight to dawn. If all road lamps on the roads are on all through the night, it would bring about energy waste and inefficiencies, and pollution from power plants would not be ignored either. However, if none or only certain road lamps are on in a certain period of time at night, it would seriously influence normal walking of pedestrians and driving safety of vehicles. Targets of energy-efficiency and emission reduction are also needed to be realized while the safety of pedestrians and vehicles can be ensured.
- Some simple road lamp control methods have been disclosed. They, for example, choose to turn off all the lamps on the roads with low traffic flow during a period from midnight to dawn, or to control ON and OFF of all the lamps according to the time of sunset and sunrise or ambient lighting conditions detected by photoelectric devices. These methods can save 20-40% power compared with the method that all lamps are on all through the night, and can prolong service life of road lamps effectively. However, these methods are unable to ensure road safety at night.
- An objective of the present invention is to provide a road lamp control method, which could solve the energy waste problem of the prior art, and can control ON and OFF and the brightness of road lamps in real-time on the basis of the flow of pedestrians, non-motor and motor vehicles at night, thereby ensuring safety of the pedestrians and the vehicles and saving electrical energy.
- To achieve the aforementioned objective, the present invention provides a road lamp control method. A system implementing the method comprises a location tracking detection unit, a LED road lamp, a road-lamp control unit, a road-lamp brightness control unit, a information transmitting unit and a road-lamp drive unit, wherein, the road-lamp control unit is equipped with a location tracking receiver. After the location tracking receiver detects a location, a moving direction and a speed of the location tracking detection unit, the brightness control unit controls ON and OFF and brightness of the LED road lamp via the road-lamp control unit, the information transmitting unit and the road-lamp drive unit. The method comprises steps as follows:
-
- determining whether a road lamp lighting condition is satisfied: if a current location tracking receiver or adjacent location tracking receiver detects the location tracking detection unit, the road lamp is turned on, otherwise the road lamp is turned off and next determination is made; and
- controlling the road lamp lighting time period: if the current location tracking receiver or adjacent location tracking receiver detects no location tracking detection unit, the road lamp is delayed to be turned off.
- In one embodiment, the location tracking detection unit is a GPS device or a Big Dobber sensor carried by pedestrians or vehicles, and the location tracking receiver can detect, within 15 meters near it, the location, the moving direction and the speed of the location tracking detection unit, and distinguish among pedestrians, non-motor and motor vehicles on the basis of the speed and the displacement, and would not be triggered by any other object to cause a misjudgment.
- In one embodiment, the location tracking receiver can distinguish between a vehicle model and a pedestrian model on the basis of the moving speed: it is the vehicle model if the speed is greater than 15 km/h, and it is the pedestrian model if the speed is less than or equal to 15 km/h.
- In one embodiment, the road-lamp control unit transmits information acquired by the current location tracking receiver with which the current road lamp is equipped to adjacent road lamps via the information transmitting circuit, and detects brightness information recorded in the road-lamp control units of the adjacent road lamps.
- In one embodiment, the road-lamp brightness control unit, on the basis of brightness information acquired by the current location tracking receiver and other location tracking receivers of adjacent road lamps, determines the brightness of the current and adjacent road lamps, sends out brightness control information of the current and adjacent road lamps, and thus drives the current and adjacent road lamps to be on or off and adjusts their brightness.
- In one embodiment, when the location tracking receiver detects a moving object of the pedestrian mold, the current road-lamp brightness control program makes the current road lamp to be completely lighted up via the road-lamp control unit and the road-lamp drive unit.
- In one embodiment, if the current location tracking receiver detects the pedestrian mold and detects that adjacent location tracking receivers ahead or behind have detected a moving object, the current road lamp is completely lighted up; and if the current location tracking receiver detects that adjacent location tracking receivers behind have detected no moving object, but detects that the nth location tracking receiver behind has detected a moving object, the brightness of the current road lamp is set to be (100-(n-1)q) % of that of the road lamp corresponding to the nth location tracking receiver, wherein q=15-25.
- In one embodiment, if the location tracking receiver detects a moving object of the vehicle model, the current road-lamp brightness control unit makes the current LED road lamp to be completely lighted up via the road-lamp control unit and the road-lamp drive unit.
- In one embodiment, if the current location tracking receiver detects no moving object but detects that adjacent location tracking receivers behind or ahead have detected a moving object, the current road lamp is completely lighted up; and if the current location tracking receiver detects that adjacent location tracking receivers behind have detected no moving object, but detects that the mth location tracking receiver behind has detected a moving object, the current road lamp is completely lighted up, otherwise the current road lamp is off, wherein m≦3.
- In one embodiment, if the location tracking receiver detects no moving object, the current road lamp will be off after a delay time t, wherein 30
s t 3 min; and a response time from receiving a control signal to turning on the road lamp is less than 0.001 s, such that a moving distance of the moving object during the period when the brightness of the road lamp is adjusted is less than 5 cm. - The method of the invention can control ON and OFF and the brightness of road lamps in real time based on the real traffic flow at night, and thereby ensuring safety of pedestrians and vehicles and saving electrical energy.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an exemplary system implementing the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the total program of the present invention; -
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of road lamps when a pedestrian is detected according to the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the road lamp lighting program of the present invention. - Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- With reference to
FIG. 1 , an exemplary system implementing the road lamp control method of the present invention comprises a locationtracking detection unit 1, aLED road lamp 2, a road-lamp control unit 3, a road-lampbrightness control unit 5, ainformation transmitting unit 6 and a road-lamp drive unit 7. The road-lamp control unit 3 is equipped with a location tracking receiver 4. After the location tracking receiver 4 detects a location, a moving direction and a speed of the locationtracking detection unit 1, the road-lampbrightness control unit 5 controls ON and OFF and the brightness of theLED road lamp 2 via the road-lamp drive unit 7, the road-lamp control unit 3 and theinformation transmitting unit 6. This system can dynamically control ON and OFF and the brightness of road lamps on the basis of information from displacement detectors of current road lamps where pedestrians or vehicles are at and of adjacent road lamps. - Controlling ON and OFF of road lamps does not mean that, when a detector detects a pedestrian or a vehicle passing by, only the road lamp which is equipped with this detector needs to be turned on. For pedestrians and vehicles passing by, usually, only a plurality of lighting road lamps would ensure their safety. A distance between adjacent road lamps on the road is generally 30 meters. When pedestrians are passing by, not only a sufficient number of lighting road lamps ahead can ensure walking safety, but the soft and long-distance diminishing brightness can give the pedestrians a sense of security.
- However, for vehicle drivers, requirements for light are different. The vehicle's top speed (which is generally the speed limit of the viaduct in China) is about 80 km/h (The present invention does not take into account conditions of serious speeding and illegal act.). When vehicles are passing by quickly, a sufficient number of road lamps ahead need to be turned on, such that there is always sufficient light ahead when the vehicles are moving forward quickly. According to that the object detected by the detector of
claim 2 is a pedestrian or a vehicle, the local control system program of the present invention controls the on-off state of the road lamp which is equipped with the detector, as shown inFIG. 2 . - In the flow chart of
FIG. 2 , there are three most importance steps. The first step is to determine whether a road lamp lighting condition is satisfied. The road lamp lighting condition has two aspects: if the current detector in which the control program is located detects a pedestrian or a vehicle, or the control program receives signals from an adjacent detector that a pedestrian or a vehicle is passing by, the road lamp lighting condition will be satisfied. When the road lamp lighting condition is satisfied, the program will proceed to the next step, i.e., to execute a road lamp lighting program. This state will last until the pedestrian or the vehicle leaves, or any other adjacent detector sends signals that the pedestrian or the vehicle enters or leaves (which is expressed as “signal changed” inFIG. 2 ). In these cases, the program will re-determine whether a road lamp lighting condition is satisfied. - The step of executing the road lamp lighting program also comprises two aspects: turning on road lamps and adjusting the brightness of the road lamps on the basis of signals from the detector in which the program is located or from any adjacent detector.
- If a detector detects a pedestrian passing by, and detects the moving direction of the pedestrian via a speed detector of
claim 3, the detector will transmit the information of presence of the pedestrian and his or her moving direction to the control program, and then the control program will control the road lamp which is equipped with the detector and each one road lamp before and after the pedestrian to be on. For pedestrians, road lamps farther away do not need to be completely lighted up. The brightness of road lamps beginning with the second one before the pedestrian diminishes by q % per road lamp, which means that the brightness of the second road lamp is (1-q) % of that of the road lamp where the pedestrian is at, the brightness of the third one is (1-2q) %, and so on, as shown inFIG. 3 . - With reference to
FIG. 3 , the detector of the second road lamp from the left detects a pedestrian, so the second road lamp and each one road lamp before and after it are completely lighted up, and the brightness of the third one begins to diminish. If a speed detector is unable to determine the moving direction of the pedestrian, the brightness of road lamps beginning with each second road lamp before and after the pedestrian follows a diminution of q % per road lamp. Based on this principle, if q=25, the brightness of the fifth road lamp before the pedestrian will be diminished to be zero, i.e., road lamps beginning with the fifth one do not need to be lighted up. - If a detector detects a vehicle passing by, three road lamps before the vehicle and one road lamp after the vehicle are lighted up (even if there is no vehicle coming behind, it is better to turn on one road lamp after the vehicle, such that the driver will feel secure when he or she looks in the rear-view mirror, because of the light behind the vehicle). Road lamps beginning with the fourth one do not need to be lighted up.
- For the execution of the road lamp lighting program, among the priority levels of executing the program after a signal is received, the first is the detector of the road lamp where the pedestrian or the vehicle is at, the second is the detector of adjacent three road lamps which detects a vehicle, and the last is the detector of adjacent four road lamps which detects a pedestrian.
- When the detector of the road lamp where a pedestrian or a vehicle is at or the detector of the adjacent road lamps sends signals that the pedestrian or the vehicle is entering or leaving, the total program as shown in
FIG. 2 will re-determine whether the road lamp lighting condition is satisfied. If the condition is satisfied, the road lamp lighting program will be executed, and then road lamps will be lighted up, or the brightness of road lamps will be adjusted, according to the flow chart ofFIG. 3 . The road lamp lighting program will not trigger itself to run in order to avoid an entrance of an endless loop. - If a control program of a road lamp which is on receives a signal that the road lamp lighting condition is not satisfied, a third step, i.e., delaying turning off the road lamp, will be started. This step is relatively simple. Every time when a signal is triggered as a pedestrian leaves a detector, the detector will make a record and maintain this for 30 seconds. If the program finds this record while the step of delaying turning off the road lamp is started, the program will be lasted for 30 seconds. If the road lamp lighting condition does not change during the 30 seconds (i.e., the road lamp lighting condition has not been satisfied during the 30 seconds), the road lamp will be turned off. If there is no such a record, i.e., all the objects passing by are vehicles, the program will only be lasted for 10 seconds. If the road lamp lighting condition has not been satisfied during the 10 seconds, the road lamp will be turned off. One reason why the program is designed like this is that vehicles leave quickly and do not need road lamps to be on for a long delay time, but the speed of pedestrians is lower and therefore they need a longer delay time. If both vehicles and pedestrians are on the road at the same time, it should assure the pedestrians of sufficient light.
- Detectors of road lamps at a crossroads execute a control program that all these road lamps are completely lighted up. The traffic state of the crossroads is complex and accidents are more likely to happen. So, these lamps need to be always completely lighted up all through the night. However, detectors of adjacent lamps still require signals from the detectors of the road lamps at the crossroads to control ON and OFF of the lamps far away from the crossroads.
- At last, in accordance with the latitude and date of the place where road lamps are located, the program is started as the road lamps are turned on from 5:00 pm to 7:00 pm, and continues to run until 5:00 am-7:00 am the next morning. The program is terminated as all the road lamps are turned off.
- According to a result of computer simulation, compared with that all road lamps are completely lighted up, for the roads with lower traffic flow (less than 1500 vehicles a day), the method of the present invention can improve the energy efficiency by over 75%, while, for the roads with higher traffic flow (6000-8000 vehicles a day), the method of the present invention can improve the energy efficiency by 40% - 50%. When being simulated, the method of the present invention can satisfy the requirements of pedestrians and vehicles for light, dynamically control on-off of road lamps based on the actual conditions of traffic on roads, and achieve energy-efficiency targets while meeting the requirements of pedestrians and vehicles at night.
- The above described is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not exemplified to intend to limit the present invention. Any modifications and changes without departing from the scope of the spirit of the present invention are deemed as within the scope of the present invention.
- While the present invention has been illustrated by a description of exemplary embodiments and while these embodiments have been described in some detail, it is not the intention of the Applicant to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the appended claims to such detail. Additional advantages and modifications will readily appear to those skilled in the art. The various features of the invention may be used alone or in any combination depending on the needs and preferences of the user. This has been a description of the preferred methods of practicing embodiments of the invention as currently known. However, the invention itself should only be defined by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610397995 | 2016-06-06 | ||
| CN201610397995.9 | 2016-06-06 | ||
| CN201610397995.9A CN105889882B (en) | 2016-06-06 | 2016-06-06 | A kind of road method for controlling street lamps |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20170354009A1 true US20170354009A1 (en) | 2017-12-07 |
| US9848473B1 US9848473B1 (en) | 2017-12-19 |
Family
ID=56710020
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15/232,086 Expired - Fee Related US9848473B1 (en) | 2016-06-06 | 2016-08-09 | Road lamp control method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9848473B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105889882B (en) |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10334906B1 (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-07-02 | Nike, Inc. | Intelligent electronic footwear and control logic for automated infrastructure-based pedestrian tracking |
| CN110853343A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-02-28 | 东旭科技集团有限公司 | Method and device for determining driving behavior compliance, street lamp, and storage medium |
| CN111336445A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-26 | 广东勤上半导体照明科技工程有限公司 | An energy-saving street lamp and control method applied in remote areas |
| CN112399668A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-02-23 | 奚小忠 | Intelligent LED street lamp usage monitoring system based on big data |
| CN112954863A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 江苏南电智慧能源服务有限公司 | Street lamp intelligent control method and system based on big data analysis |
| CN113260121A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-13 | 深圳市文业照明实业有限公司 | Intelligent scene control method and system based on 5G communication |
| CN113473682A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-10-01 | 启东晶尧光电科技有限公司 | Artificial intelligence-based smart city lighting street lamp adjusting method and system |
| CN113518494A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-10-19 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | Intelligent street lamp control method and device, storage medium and server |
| CN114040552A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-11 | 山西泉城美建筑安装工程有限公司 | Road lighting management method and system |
| CN114585135A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-06-03 | 山东大学 | A smart lighting control system and smart lighting control method |
| CN115164163A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-11 | 江苏力积晟照明工程有限公司 | Intelligent regulation and control street lamp with secondary light source and regulation and control method |
| US20240194077A1 (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2024-06-13 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Method for operating a driver assistance system, computer program product, driver assistance system, and vehicle |
| CN119403009A (en) * | 2024-12-16 | 2025-02-07 | 深圳华初科技有限公司 | Energy-saving lighting control method and system for urban lighting LED lamp group |
| CN119789261A (en) * | 2025-03-13 | 2025-04-08 | 四川九通智路科技有限公司 | On-demand lighting sensing control method and system for highway tunnels based on the Internet of Things |
| US12548449B2 (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2026-02-10 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Method for operating a driver assistance system, computer program product, driver assistance system, and vehicle |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107517531A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-12-26 | 宁海县桑尔克斯照明电器有限公司 | A kind of intelligent road lamp system |
| CN107318208A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-11-03 | 上海顺舟智能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of controller for road lamp and method |
| CN107509292A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2017-12-22 | 济南凯丰市政工程有限公司 | A kind of Road light degree intelligence control system |
| CN108243539A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-07-03 | 湛引根 | Automated ultra-distance street lighting system |
| US10957187B2 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2021-03-23 | Lumileds Llc | Road lighting |
| CN111107688A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-05-05 | 温岭卓致智能科技有限公司 | Energy-saving illumination system and method for LED street lamp |
| CN108055726B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-08-11 | 江西旺来科技有限公司 | Energy-saving illumination system and method for LED street lamp |
| CN109996377B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-08-13 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | A street lamp control method, device and electronic device |
| CN108419343A (en) * | 2018-02-25 | 2018-08-17 | 海宁川达科技有限公司 | Solar street light monitoring system |
| US11798406B2 (en) | 2018-03-21 | 2023-10-24 | Lumileds Llc | Road lighting |
| CN108990203A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-12-11 | 横店集团得邦照明股份有限公司 | Radio gang LED roadway lighting system suitable for low wagon flow/flow of the people |
| CN111275967B (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-04-20 | 杭州后博科技有限公司 | Building activity calculation method and system based on intelligent lamp pole |
| CN112399685B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-10-01 | 南通路远科技信息有限公司 | Method and device for controlling road lights |
| CN115103475A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-23 | 无锡华大国奇科技有限公司 | Street lamp illumination control method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN116634631B (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2024-01-12 | 江苏唐城霓虹数码科技有限公司 | Intelligent control method and system for double lifting of port high-pole lamp for illumination monitoring |
| CN117062288A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-11-14 | 广东正力通用电气有限公司 | Single-lamp monitoring system and method based on Internet of things |
| CN119907169B (en) * | 2024-12-18 | 2025-11-11 | 中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for regulating and controlling lighting lamp |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080310850A1 (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2008-12-18 | Federal Law Enforcement Development Services, Inc. | Led light communication system |
| US20090034258A1 (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2009-02-05 | Topco Technologies Corp. | Illumination system |
| US20130257284A1 (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2013-10-03 | LSI Saco Technologies, Inc. | Lighting and Integrated Fixture Control |
| US20130297212A1 (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2013-11-07 | David P. Ramer | Networked architecture for system of lighting devices having sensors, for intelligent applications |
| US20130346229A1 (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2013-12-26 | Sensity Systems Inc. | Lighting Infrastructure and Revenue Model |
| US20140125250A1 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2014-05-08 | General Electric Company | Antenna sensor |
| US20170045626A1 (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2017-02-16 | General Electric Company | Luminaire associate |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102264169B (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2015-11-25 | 国网上海市电力公司 | There is the induction road lamp system of distinguishing pedestrian and vehicle heading function |
| CN201957284U (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2011-08-31 | 上海科斗电子科技有限公司 | Control system of energy-saving road lamp and road lamp system adopting same |
| CN102548082A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-07-04 | 西安大昱光电科技有限公司 | Energy-saving control system of street lamp |
| CN102573196A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-11 | 富泰华工业(深圳)有限公司 | Streetlamp system containing streetlamp control terminal and automatic regulating method thereof |
| CN103796371A (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2014-05-14 | 南京中电熊猫照明有限公司 | Intelligentized roadway lighting control system and method |
| CN103118459A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-05-22 | 四川畅洋泰鼎科技有限公司 | Sensor streetlamp system |
| CN204206566U (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-03-11 | 上海五零盛同信息科技有限公司 | Based on the energy-saving control system for roam lamp of Real-Time Traffic Volume |
-
2016
- 2016-06-06 CN CN201610397995.9A patent/CN105889882B/en active Active
- 2016-08-09 US US15/232,086 patent/US9848473B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080310850A1 (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2008-12-18 | Federal Law Enforcement Development Services, Inc. | Led light communication system |
| US20090034258A1 (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2009-02-05 | Topco Technologies Corp. | Illumination system |
| US20130257284A1 (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2013-10-03 | LSI Saco Technologies, Inc. | Lighting and Integrated Fixture Control |
| US20130297212A1 (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2013-11-07 | David P. Ramer | Networked architecture for system of lighting devices having sensors, for intelligent applications |
| US20130346229A1 (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2013-12-26 | Sensity Systems Inc. | Lighting Infrastructure and Revenue Model |
| US20140125250A1 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2014-05-08 | General Electric Company | Antenna sensor |
| US20170045626A1 (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2017-02-16 | General Electric Company | Luminaire associate |
| US9622323B2 (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2017-04-11 | General Electric Company | Luminaire associate |
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10441020B1 (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2019-10-15 | Nike, Inc. | Intelligent electronic footwear and control logic for executing automated footwear features |
| US11051574B2 (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2021-07-06 | Nike, Inc. | Intelligent electronic footwear and control logic for automated pedestrian collision avoidance |
| US10334906B1 (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-07-02 | Nike, Inc. | Intelligent electronic footwear and control logic for automated infrastructure-based pedestrian tracking |
| CN110853343A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-02-28 | 东旭科技集团有限公司 | Method and device for determining driving behavior compliance, street lamp, and storage medium |
| CN112399668A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-02-23 | 奚小忠 | Intelligent LED street lamp usage monitoring system based on big data |
| CN111336445A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-26 | 广东勤上半导体照明科技工程有限公司 | An energy-saving street lamp and control method applied in remote areas |
| CN113518494A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-10-19 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | Intelligent street lamp control method and device, storage medium and server |
| CN112954863A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 江苏南电智慧能源服务有限公司 | Street lamp intelligent control method and system based on big data analysis |
| US20240194077A1 (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2024-06-13 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Method for operating a driver assistance system, computer program product, driver assistance system, and vehicle |
| US12548449B2 (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2026-02-10 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Method for operating a driver assistance system, computer program product, driver assistance system, and vehicle |
| CN113260121A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-13 | 深圳市文业照明实业有限公司 | Intelligent scene control method and system based on 5G communication |
| CN113473682A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-10-01 | 启东晶尧光电科技有限公司 | Artificial intelligence-based smart city lighting street lamp adjusting method and system |
| CN113473682B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-26 | 启东晶尧光电科技有限公司 | Artificial intelligence-based smart city lighting street lamp adjusting method and system |
| CN114040552A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-11 | 山西泉城美建筑安装工程有限公司 | Road lighting management method and system |
| CN114585135A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-06-03 | 山东大学 | A smart lighting control system and smart lighting control method |
| CN115164163A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-11 | 江苏力积晟照明工程有限公司 | Intelligent regulation and control street lamp with secondary light source and regulation and control method |
| CN119403009A (en) * | 2024-12-16 | 2025-02-07 | 深圳华初科技有限公司 | Energy-saving lighting control method and system for urban lighting LED lamp group |
| CN119789261A (en) * | 2025-03-13 | 2025-04-08 | 四川九通智路科技有限公司 | On-demand lighting sensing control method and system for highway tunnels based on the Internet of Things |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105889882A (en) | 2016-08-24 |
| US9848473B1 (en) | 2017-12-19 |
| CN105889882B (en) | 2019-01-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US9848473B1 (en) | Road lamp control method | |
| CN102421219B (en) | Streetlight network control method and network structure thereof | |
| KR101145955B1 (en) | Traffic calming system in the crosswalk and traffic calming method thereof | |
| US9386664B2 (en) | Methods of controlling an outdoor lighting system | |
| CN102202443B (en) | Street lamp power management system and method thereof | |
| US9340148B2 (en) | Method and control unit for distance-dependent adjustment of the illumination range of a lighting system for a vehicle | |
| US20190096242A1 (en) | Traffic light control device, method, and system | |
| US20120010797A1 (en) | System and method for controlling the engine of a vehicle | |
| WO2018232906A1 (en) | Intelligent street lamp monitoring method and device | |
| CN110177417B (en) | Street lamp control system and control method based on road condition control | |
| CN102123550A (en) | Intelligent lighting control method based on Internet of things architecture | |
| KR101101257B1 (en) | Power supply of reverse run prevention system using infrared sensor | |
| CN109637131B (en) | A control device and control method for a variable stop line at an intersection | |
| US20130335984A1 (en) | Method and Device for Operating a Headlamp for a Motor Vehicle | |
| KR102132303B1 (en) | Traffic signal control system with automatic sensing of vehicle waiting for turn left signal using heat image camera and radar | |
| CN103765438B (en) | For the method and apparatus in the illuminated track for recognizing vehicle front | |
| CN102592461B (en) | A kind of road anti-blockage method based on video and implement device | |
| CN106846840A (en) | A kind of method for controlling traffic signal lights based on vehicle flow | |
| CN107517531A (en) | A kind of intelligent road lamp system | |
| CN113240914B (en) | Control method for dynamically adjusting left-turn special lane and left-turn special phase | |
| CN110933824A (en) | Tunnel intelligent illumination energy-saving control system and method based on traffic situation perception | |
| CN106920407A (en) | A kind of intersection signal timing control information transmission method | |
| CN105307309A (en) | Illumination control method and system | |
| CN116723616B (en) | Light brightness control method and system | |
| CN112396825A (en) | Non-contact pedestrian crossing control system and method applied to intersection |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CHINA JILIANG UNIVERSITY, CHINA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:JIN, HUAIZHOU;LIN, KAIYUAN;JIN, SHANGZHONG;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:039635/0241 Effective date: 20160802 |
|
| STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
| MAFP | Maintenance fee payment |
Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 4TH YR, SMALL ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M2551); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: SMALL ENTITY Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: MAINTENANCE FEE REMINDER MAILED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: REM.); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: SMALL ENTITY |
|
| LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED FOR FAILURE TO PAY MAINTENANCE FEES (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: EXP.); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: SMALL ENTITY |
|
| STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |