Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D285/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D275/00 - C07D283/00
  • C07D285/01—Five-membered rings
  • C07D285/02—Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated thiadiazoles
  • C07D285/04—Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated thiadiazoles not condensed with other rings
  • C07D285/12—1,3,4-Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-thiadiazoles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
  • A61K31/4245—Oxadiazoles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
  • A61K31/433—Thidiazoles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
  • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D271/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D271/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
  • C07D271/10—1,3,4-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00

Definitions

• the present invention relates to 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds therapeutically useful as immune modulators.
• the invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the said 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as therapeutic agents.
• PD-1 Programmed cell death-1
• PD-L1 or PD-L2 are members of the CD28 superfamily that delivers negative signals upon interaction with its two ligands, PD-L1 or PD-L2.
• PD-1 and its ligands are broadly expressed and exert a wider range of immunoregulatory roles in T cells activation and tolerance compared with other CD28 members.
• PD-1 and its ligands are involved in attenuating infectious immunity and tumor immunity, and facilitating chronic infection and tumor progression.
• the biological significance of PD-1 and its ligand suggests the therapeutic potential of manipulation of PD-1 pathway against various human diseases (Ariel Pedoeem et al., Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. (2011); 350:17-37).
• T-cell activation and dysfunction relies on direct and modulated receptors. Based on their functional outcome, co-signaling molecules can be divided as co-stimulators and co-inhibitors, which positively and negatively control the priming, growth, differentiation and functional maturation of a T-cell response (Li Shi, et al., Journal of Hematology & Oncology 2013, 6:74).
• PD-1 programmed cell death protein-1
• Several PD-1 pathway inhibitors have shown robust activity in various phases of clinical trials (R D Harvey, Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2014); 96 2, 214-223).
• PD-1 Programmed death-1
• PD-L1 or PD-L2 The binding of PD-1 to its ligands, PD-L1 or PD-L2, is vital for the physiological regulation of the immune system.
• a major functional role of the PD-1 signaling pathway is the inhibition of self-reactive T cells, which serve to protect against autoimmune diseases. Elimination of the PD-1 pathway can therefore result in the breakdown of immune tolerance that can ultimately lead to the development of pathogenic autoimmunity.
• tumor cells can at times co-opt the PD-1 pathway to escape from immunosurveillance mechanisms. Therefore, blockade of the PD-1 pathway has become an attractive target in cancer therapy.
• the present invention provides 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds which are capable of suppressing and/or inhibiting the programmed cell death 1 (PD1) signalling pathway.
• PD1 programmed cell death 1
• 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer thereof provided which are capable of suppressing and/or inhibiting the programmed cell death 1 (PD1) signalling pathway.
• PD1 programmed cell death 1
• the present invention provides a 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds of formula (I):
• R 1 is side chain of an amino acid selected from Ser, Thr, Phe, Ala or Asn;
• X is S or O
• R 2 is hydrogen or —CO-Aaa
• Aaa is an amino acid residue selected from Ser, Asn or Thr; wherein a C-terminus thereof is a free terminus, is amidated or is esterified;
• R 3 is side chain of an amino acid selected from Ser, Ala, Glu, Gln, Asn or Asp;
• R 4 and R 5 independently are hydrogen or absent
• composition comprising a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a stereoisomer and processes for preparing thereof.
• PD1 programmed cell death 1
• the present invention provides 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as therapeutic agents useful for treatment of disorders via immunopotentiation comprising inhibition of immunosuppressive signal induced due to PD-1, PD-L1, or PD-L2 and therapies using them.
• the present invention relates to compounds of formula (I)
• R 1 is side chain of an amino acid selected from Ser, Thr, Phe, Ala or Asn;
• X is S or O
• R 2 is hydrogen or —CO-Aaa
• Aaa is an amino acid residue selected from Ser, Asn or Thr; wherein a C-terminus thereof is a free terminus, is amidated or is esterified;
• R 3 is side chain of an amino acid selected from Ser, Ala, Glu, Gln, Asn or Asp;
• R 4 and R 5 independently are hydrogen or absent
• the present invention provides compounds of formula (IA)
• R 1 is side chain of an amino acid selected from Ser, Thr, Phe, Ala or Asn;
• X is S or O
• R 2 is hydrogen or —CO-Aaa
• R 3 is side chain of an amino acid selected from Ser, Ala, Glu, Gln, Asn or Asp;
• Aaa is an amino acid residue selected from Ser, Asn or Thr; wherein a C-terminus thereof is a free terminus, is amidated or is esterified.
• the present invention provides compounds of formula (IB)
• R 1 is side chain of an amino acid selected from Ser, Thr, Phe, Ala or Asn;
• R 3 is side chain of an amino acid selected from Ser, Ala, Glu, Gln, Asn or Asp;
• Aaa is an amino acid residue selected from Ser, Asn or Thr; wherein a C-terminus thereof is a free terminus, is amidated or is esterified.
• the present invention provides compounds of formula (IC)
• R 1 is side chain of an amino acid selected from Ser, Thr, Phe, Ala or Asn;
• R 3 is side chain of an amino acid selected from Ser, Ala, Glu, Gln, Asn or Asp;
• Aaa is an amino acid residue selected from Ser, Asn or Thr; wherein a C-terminus thereof is a free terminus, is amidated or is esterified.
• the present invention provides compounds of formula (I), wherein,
• R 1 is side chain of Ser or Thr
• R 2 is —CO-Aaa
• Aaa is an amino acid residue Ser or Thr; wherein the C-terminus is free;
• R 3 is side chain of Asn, Gln, Glu or Asp.
• the compounds as disclosed in the present invention are formulated for pharmaceutical administration.
• the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound as disclosed, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or a diluent.
• the said pharmaceutical composition further comprising at least one of an anticancer agent, chemotherapy agent, or antiproliferative compound.
• the present invention provides the compounds as disclosed in the present invention for use as a medicament.
• the present invention provides the compounds as disclosed in the present invention for use as a medicament for the treatment of cancer or infectious disease.
• the present invention provides the compounds as disclosed in the present invention for use as a medicament for the treatment bone cancer, cancer of the head or neck, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, cutaneous or intraocular malignant melanoma, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer, testicular cancer, uterine cancer, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the endometrium, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina, carcinoma of the vulva, Hodgkin's Disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cancer of the esophagus, cancer of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system, cancer of the thyroid gland, cancer of the parathyroid gland, cancer of the adrenal gland, sarcoma of soft tissue, cancer of the urethra, cancer of the penis, chronic or acute leukemias including acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymph
• the present invention provides the compounds as disclosed in the present invention for use in the treatment of cancer.
• the present invention provides the compounds as disclosed in the present invention for use in the treatment of infectious disease.
• the present invention provides the compounds as disclosed in the present invention for use as a medicament for the treatment of bacterial infectious disease, a viral infectious disease or a fungal infectious disease.
• the present invention provides a method of treatment of cancer, wherein the method comprises administration of an effective amount of the compound of the present invention to the subject in need thereof.
• the present invention provides a method of modulating an immune response mediated by PD-1 signaling pathway in a subject, comprising administering to the subject therapeutically effective amount of the compound of the present invention such that the immune response in the subject is modulated.
• the present invention provides a method of inhibiting growth of tumour cells and/or metastasis in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of compound of the present invention capable of inhibiting the programmed cell death 1 (PD1) signaling pathway.
• PD1 programmed cell death 1
• tumour cells include cancer such as but not limited to bone cancer, cancer of the head or neck, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, cutaneous or intraocular malignant melanoma, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer, testicular cancer, uterine cancer, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the endometrium, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina, carcinoma of the vulva, Hodgkin's Disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cancer of the esophagus, cancer of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system, cancer of the thyroid gland, cancer of the parathyroid gland, cancer of the adrenal gland, sarcoma of soft tissue, cancer of the urethra, cancer of the penis, chronic or acute leukemias including acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, solid tumours of childhood
• the present invention provides a method of treating an infectious disease in a subject comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of the present invention capable of inhibiting the programmed cell death 1 (PD1) signaling pathway such that the subject is treated for the infectious disease.
• PD1 programmed cell death 1
• Still yet another embodiment of the present invention provides a method of treating bacterial, viral and fungal infections in a subject comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of the present invention capable of inhibiting the programmed cell death 1 (PD1) signalling pathway such that the subject is treated for the bacterial, viral and fungal infections.
• PD1 programmed cell death 1
• the infectious disease includes but not limited to HIV, Influenza, Herpes, Giardia , Malaria, Leishmania , the pathogenic infection by the virus Hepatitis (A, B, & C), herpes virus (e.g., VZV, HSV-I, HAV-6, HSV-II, and CMV, Epstein Barr virus), adenovirus, influenza virus, flaviviruses, echovirus, rhinovirus, coxsackie virus, cornovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, mumps virus, rotavirus, measles virus, rubella virus, parvovirus, vaccinia virus, HTLV virus, dengue virus, papillomavirus, molluscum virus, poliovirus, rabies virus, JC virus and arboviral encephalitis virus, pathogenic infection by the bacteria chlamydia , rickettsial bacteria, mycobacteria, staphylococci, streptococci, pneumonococci, men
• coli legionella , diphtheria, salmonella , bacilli, cholera, tetanus, botulism, anthrax, plague, leptospirosis, and Lyme's disease bacteria, pathogenic infection by the fungi Candida ( albicans, krusei, glabrata, tropicalis , etc.), Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus ( fumigatus, niger , etc.), Genus Mucorales ( mucor, absidia, rhizophus ), Sporothrix schenkii, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Coccidioides immitis and Histoplasma capsulatum , and pathogenic infection by the parasites Entamoeba histolytica, Balantidium coli, Naegleria fowleri, Acanthamoeba sp., Giardia lambia, Cryptosporidium sp
• the compounds of the present invention may be used as single drugs or as a pharmaceutical composition in which the compound is mixed with various pharmacologically acceptable materials.
• compositions are usually administered by oral or inhalation routes, but can be administered by parenteral administration route.
• compositions can be administered, for example, by orally, intravenous infusion, topically, intraperitoneally, intravesically or intrathecally.
• parenteral administration includes but not limited to intraarticular (in the joints), intravenous, intramuscular, intradermal, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes, include aqueous and non-aqueous, isotonic sterile injection solutions, which can contain antioxidants, buffers, bacteriostats, and solutes that render the formulation isotonic with the blood of the intended recipient, and aqueous and non-aqueous sterile suspensions that can include suspending agents, solubilizers, thickening agents, stabilizers, and preservatives.
• Oral administration, parenteral administration, subcutaneous administration and intravenous administration are the preferred methods of administration.
• the dosage of the compounds of the present invention varies depending on age, weight, symptom, therapeutic efficacy, dosing regimen and/or treatment time. Generally, they may be administered by oral or inhalation routes, in an amount of 1 mg to 100 mg per time, from once a couple of days, once 3 days, once 2 days, once a day to a couple of times a day, in the case of an adult, or continuously administered by oral or inhalation routes from 1 to 24 hours a day. Since the dosage is affected by various conditions, an amount less than the above dosage may sometimes work well enough, or higher dosage may be required in some cases.
• the compounds of the present invention may be administered in combination with other drugs for (1) complementation and/or enhancement of prevention and/or therapeutic efficacy of the preventive and/or therapeutic drug of the present invention, (2) dynamics, absorption improvement, dosage reduction of the preventive and/or therapeutic drug of the present invention, and/or (3) reduction of the side effects of the preventive and/or therapeutic drug of the present invention.
• a concomitant medicine comprising the compounds of the present invention and other drug may be administered as a combination preparation in which both components are contained in a single formulation, or administered as separate formulations.
• the administration by separate formulations includes simultaneous administration and administration with some time intervals.
• the compound of the present invention can be administered first, followed by another drug or another drug can be administered first, followed by the compound of the present invention.
• the administration method of the respective drugs may be the same or different.
• the dosage of the other drug can be properly selected, based on a dosage that has been clinically used.
• the compounding ratio of the compound of the present invention and the other drug can be properly selected according to age and weight of a subject to be administered, administration method, administration time, disorder to be treated, symptom and combination thereof.
• the other drug may be used in an amount of 0.01 to 100 parts by mass, based on 1 part by mass of the compound of the present invention.
• the other drug may be a combination of two or more kind of arbitrary drugs in a proper proportion.
• the other drug that complements and/or enhances the preventive and/or therapeutic efficacy of the compound of the present invention includes not only those that have already been discovered, but those that will be discovered in future, based on the above mechanism.
• the concomitant medicine can be used for any diseases, as long as it complements and/or enhances the preventive and/or therapeutic efficacy of the compound of the present invention.
• the compound(s) of the present invention can be used with an existing chemotherapeutic concomitantly or in a mixture form.
• the chemotherapeutic include an alkylation agent, nitrosourea agent, antimetabolite, anticancer antibiotics, vegetable-origin alkaloid, topoisomerase inhibitor, hormone drug, hormone antagonist, aromatase inhibitor, P-glycoprotein inhibitor, platinum complex derivative, other immunotherapeutic drugs and other anticancer drugs.
• a cancer treatment adjunct such as a leucopenia (neutropenia) treatment drug, thrombocytopenia treatment drug, antiemetic and cancer pain intervention drug, concomitantly or in a mixture form.
• the compound(s) of the present invention can be used with other immunomodulators and/or a potentiating agent concomitantly or in a mixture form.
• the immunomodulator include various cytokines, vaccines and adjuvants.
• these cytokines, vaccines and adjuvants that stimulates immune responses include but not limited to GM-C SF, M-CSF, G-CSF, interferon- ⁇ , ⁇ , or ⁇ , IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-12, Poly (I:C) and C p G.
• the potentiating agents includes cyclophosphamide and analogs of cyclophosphamide, anti-TGF ⁇ and Imatinib (Gleevac), a mitosis inhibitor, such as paclitaxel, Sunitinib (Sutent) or other antiangiogenic agents, an aromatase inhibitor, such as letrozole, an A2a adenosine receptor (A2AR) antagonist, an angiogenesis inhibitor, anthracyclines, oxaliplatin, doxorubicin, TLR4 antagonists, and IL-18 antagonists.
• a mitosis inhibitor such as paclitaxel, Sunitinib (Sutent) or other antiangiogenic agents
• an aromatase inhibitor such as letrozole
• A2a adenosine receptor (A2AR) antagonist an angiogenesis inhibitor
• anthracyclines oxaliplatin
• doxorubicin TLR4 antagonists
• amino refers to —NH 2 group. Unless set forth or recited to the contrary, all amino groups described or claimed herein may be substituted or unsubstituted.
• amino acid refers to amino acids having L or D stereochemistry at the alpha carbon.
• “Pharmaceutically acceptable salt” is taken to mean an active ingredient, which comprises a compound of the formula (I) in the form of one of its salts, in particular if this salt form imparts improved pharmacokinetic properties on the active ingredient compared with the free form of the active ingredient or any other salt form of the active ingredient used earlier.
• the pharmaceutically acceptable salt form of the active ingredient can also provide this active ingredient for the first time with a desired pharmacokinetic property which it did not have earlier and can even have a positive influence on the pharmacodynamics of this active ingredient with respect to its therapeutic efficacy in the body.
• “Pharmaceutically acceptable” means that which is useful in preparing a pharmaceutical composition that is generally safe, non-toxic, and neither biologically nor otherwise undesirable and includes that which is acceptable for veterinary as well as human pharmaceutical use.
• stereoisomer refers to any enantiomers, diastereoisomers, or geometrical isomers of the compounds of formula (I), wherever they are chiral or when they bear one or more double bond.
• the compounds of the formula (I) and related formulae are chiral, they can exist in racemic or in optically active form. Since the pharmaceutical activity of the racemates or stereoisomers of the compounds according to the invention may differ, it may be desirable to use the enantiomers. In these cases, the end product or even the intermediates can be separated into enantiomeric compounds by chemical or physical measures known to the person skilled in the art or even employed as such in the synthesis.
• diastereomers are formed from the mixture by reaction with an optically active resolving agent.
• optically active acids such as the R and S forms of tartaric acid, diacetyltartaric acid, dibenzoyltartaric acid, mandelic acid, malic acid, lactic acid, suitable N-protected amino acids (for example N-benzoylproline or N-benzenesulfonylproline), or the various optically active camphorsulfonic acids.
• optically active resolving agent for example dinitrobenzoylphenylglycine, cellulose triacetate or other derivatives of carbohydrates or chirally derivatised methacrylate polymers immobilised on silica gel.
• subject includes mammals (especially humans) and other animals, such as domestic animals (e.g., household pets including cats and dogs) and non-domestic animals (such as wildlife).
• domestic animals e.g., household pets including cats and dogs
• non-domestic animals such as wildlife.
• “Therapeutically effective amount” or “efficient amount” refers to sufficient amount of the compound(s) of the present invention that (i) treats or prevents the particular disease, disorder or syndrome (ii) attenuates, ameliorates or eliminates one or more symptoms of the particular disease, disorder or syndrome or (iii) prevents or delays the onset of one or more symptoms of the particular disease, disorder or syndrome described herein.
• the therapeutically effective amount of the drug may decrease the number of cancer cells; decrease the cancer size; inhibit (i.e., slow to some extent and alternatively stop) cancer cell infiltration into peripheral organs; suppress (i.e., slow to some extent and alternatively stop) tumor metastasis; inhibit, to some extent, tumor growth; and/or relieve to some extent one or more of the symptoms associated with the cancer.
• the therapeutic effective amount is an amount sufficient to decrease or alleviate an infectious diseases, the symptoms of an infections caused by bacterial, viral and fungal.
• An embodiment of the present invention provides the preparation of compounds of formula (I) according to the procedures of the following examples, using appropriate materials. Those skilled in the art will understand that known variations of the conditions and processes of the following preparative procedures can be used to prepare these compounds. Moreover, by utilizing the procedures described in detail, one of ordinary skill in the art can prepare additional compounds of the present invention.
• the starting materials are generally available from commercial sources such as Sigma-Aldrich, USA or Germany; Chem-Impex USA; G.L. Biochem, China and Spectrochem, India.
• Analytical HPLC was performed using on ZIC HILIC 200 A° column (4.6 mm ⁇ 250 mm, 5 ⁇ m), Flow rate: 1.0 mL/min.
• the elution conditions used are: Buffer A: 5 mmol ammonium acetate, Buffer B: Acetonitrile, Equilibration of the column with 90% buffer B and elution by a gradient of 90% to 40% buffer B during 30 min.
• Preparative HPLC was performed using on SeQuant ZIC HILIC 200 A° column (10 mm ⁇ 250 mm, 5 ⁇ m), Flow rate: 5.0 ml/min.
• the elution conditions used are: Buffer A: 5 mmol ammonium acetate (adjust to pH-4 with Acetic Acid), Buffer B: Acetonitrile, Equilibration of the column with 90% buffer B and elution by a gradient of 90% to 40% buffer B during 20 min.
• LCMS was performed on AP1 2000 LC/MS/MS triple quad (Applied bio systems) with Agilent 1100 series HPLC with G1315 B DAD, using Mercury MS column or using Agilent LC/MSD VL single quad with Agilent 1100 series HPLC with G1315 B DAD, using Mercury MS column or using Shimadzu LCMS 2020 single quad with Prominence UFLC system with SPD-20 A DAD.
• Fmoc group was deprotected by the addition of diethylamine (20.0 mL) to a solution of compound 1f (0.8 g, 1.45 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (20.0 mL) at 0. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The resulting solution was concentrated in vacuum to get a thick gummy residue. The crude compound was purified by neutral alumina column chromatography (eluent: 2% methanol in chloroform) to afford 0.38 g of compound 1g (Yield: 80.0%): LCMS: 329.4 (M+H) + .
• Lawesson's reagent (2.85 g, 7.03 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 2e (4 g, 4.68 mmol) in THF (40 mL) and stirred at 75° C. for 4 h. The completeness of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The reaction mixture was evaporated under reduced pressure and the obtained residue was partitioned between ice water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with NaHCO 3 solution followed brine solution.
• Fmoc group on compound 3a was deprotected by adding diethylamine (3.8 mL) to the solution of compound 3a (1 g, 1.17 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (3.8 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The resulting solution was concentrated in vacuum to get a thick gummy residue. The crude compound was purified by neutral alumina column chromatography (eluent: 0-50% ethyl acetate in hexane then 0-5% methanol in chloroform) to attain 0.62 g of compound 3b. LCMS: 630.5 (M+H) + .
• the urea linkage was carried out by coupling of compound 3b (0.5 g, 7.9 mmol) in THF (10 m L) at room temperature with compound 4e (0.34 g, 7.9 mmol). The coupling was initiated by the addition of TEA (0.16 g, 15.8 mmol) in THF (10 m L) and the resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature. After 12 h, THF was evaporated from the reaction mass, and partitioned between water and ethyl acetate.
• mice PD-L1 Recombinant mouse PD-L1 (rm-PDL-1, cat no: 1019-B7-100 and R&D Systems) were used as the source of PD-L1.
• Working concentrations were titrated from 10 ⁇ M to 1 ⁇ M. (eBioscience—650850-85); 0.05% Trypsin and 0.02% EDTA (SIGMA 59417C); 96-well format ELISA plates (Corning CLS3390); BD FACS caliber (E6016); Recombinant mouse B7-H1/PDL1 Fc Chimera, (rm-PD-L1 cat no: 1019-B7-100).
• Splenocytes harvested in a 50 mL falcon tube by mashing mouse spleen in a 40 ⁇ m cell strainer were further treated with 1 mL ACK lysis buffer for 5 min at room temperature. After washing with 9 mL of RPMI complete media, cells were re-suspended in 3 mL of 1 ⁇ PBS in a 15 mL tube. 3 mL of Histopaque was added carefully to the bottom of the tube without disturbing overlaying splenocyte suspension. After centrifuging at 800 ⁇ g for 20 min at room temperature, the opaque layer of splenocytes was collected carefully without disturbing/mixing the layers. Splenocytes were washed twice with cold 1 ⁇ PBS followed by total cell counting using Trypan Blue exclusion method and used further for cell based assays.
• Splenocytes were cultured in RPMI complete media (RPMI+10% fetal bovine serum+1 mM sodium pyruvate+10,000 units/ml penicillin and 10,000 ⁇ g/ml streptomycin) and maintained in a CO 2 incubator with 5% CO 2 at 37° C.
• RPMI complete media RPMI+10% fetal bovine serum+1 mM sodium pyruvate+10,000 units/ml penicillin and 10,000 ⁇ g/ml streptomycin
• CFSE is a dye that passively diffuses into cells and binds to intracellular proteins. 1 ⁇ 10 6 cells/mL of harvested splenocytes were treated with 5 ⁇ M of CFSE in pre-warmed 1 ⁇ PBS/0.1% BSA solution for 10 min at 37° C. Excess CFSE was quenched using 5 volumes of ice-cold culture media to the cells and incubated on ice for 5 min. CFSE labelled splenocytes were further given three washes with ice cold complete RPMI media.
• CFSE labelled 1 ⁇ 10 5 splenocytes added to wells containing either MDA-MB231 cells (1 ⁇ 10 5 cells cultured in high glucose DMEM medium) or recombinant human PDL-1 (100 ng/mL) and test compounds.
• Splenocytes were stimulated with anti-mouse CD3 and anti-mouse CD28 antibody (1 ⁇ g/mL each), and the culture was further incubated for 72 h at 37° C. with 5% CO 2 .
• Cells were harvested and washed thrice with ice cold FACS buffer and % proliferation was analyzed by flow cytometry with 488 nm excitation and 521 nm emission filters.
• Percent splenocyte proliferation was analyzed using cell quest FACS program and percent rescue of splenocyte proliferation by compound was estimated after deduction of % background proliferation value and normalising to % stimulated splenocyte proliferation (positive control) as 100%.
• Stimulated splenocytes Splenocytes+anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation
• Background proliferation Splenocytes+anti-CD3/CD28+PD-L1
• Compound proliferation Splenocytes+anti-CD3/CD28+PD-L1+Compound Compound effect is examined by adding required concentration of compound to anti-CD3/CD28 stimulated splenocytes in presence of ligand (PDL-1)

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• 2014
  • 2014-09-05 CU CUP2016000028A patent/CU24345B1/xx unknown
  • 2014-09-05 CN CN201480057737.5A patent/CN105849092A/zh active Pending
  • 2014-09-05 RS RS20180936A patent/RS57559B1/sr unknown
  • 2014-09-05 US US14/916,290 patent/US20160194295A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2014-09-05 AU AU2014316684A patent/AU2014316684A1/en not_active Abandoned
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  • 2014-09-05 DK DK14842822.0T patent/DK3041828T3/en active
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  • 2014-09-05 EP EP14842822.0A patent/EP3041828B1/en active Active
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  • 2014-09-05 JP JP2016539663A patent/JP2016532711A/ja not_active Ceased
  • 2014-09-05 WO PCT/IB2014/064281 patent/WO2015033301A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2014-09-05 ES ES14842822.0T patent/ES2682040T3/es active Active
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  • 2014-09-05 CA CA2922655A patent/CA2922655A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2014-09-05 KR KR1020167009155A patent/KR20160081898A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-09-05 SG SG10201800508SA patent/SG10201800508SA/en unknown
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  • 2014-09-05 EP EP18173376.7A patent/EP3385257A1/en not_active Withdrawn
• 2016
  • 2016-02-28 IL IL244313A patent/IL244313A0/en unknown
  • 2016-03-01 PH PH12016500405A patent/PH12016500405A1/en unknown
  • 2016-10-18 US US15/296,292 patent/US9776978B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2017
  • 2017-10-02 US US15/722,194 patent/US10160736B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2018
  • 2018-08-10 CY CY181100849T patent/CY1120769T1/el unknown

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