US2013796A - Method of drawing - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 10, 1935. H TUTHlLL 2,013,796 I METHOD OF DRAWING Fi led Oct. '26, 1953 2 SheetS- -Sheet 1 Sept. 10, 1935. H. J. T-UTHILL METHOD OF DRAWING Filed Oct. 26, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A TTOBIYEY Patented Sept. 10, 1935 METHOD OF DRAWING Harry J. Tuthill, Ferguson, Mo, assignor of onehalf to Irene M. Morrison, Ferguson, M0.

Application October 26, 1933, Serial No. 695,306

5 Claims.

This invention relates generally to methods of drawing, and more specifically to an improved method of applying inks to drawings in order to obtain certain artistic effects in a very simple manner, the predominant object of the invention being to provide an improved method of drawing in the use of which certain desirable artistic effects may be obtained in a manner which is much simpler than were the methods heretofore employed to obtain similar artistic effects.

Fig. l is a view illustrating the first step of the method followed out when the artistic effect sought is a number of parallel lines.

Fig. 2 illustrates the second step of the method leading to the parallel line eifect.

Fig. 3 illustrates the parallel line effect obtained in following out the steps illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 4 illustrates the first steps of the method which are followed out when the artistic effect desired is a number of minute dots.

Fig. 5 illustrates a subsequent step of the method followed out in obtaining the dot effect.

Fig. 6 illustrates the dot effect obtained in following out the steps of the method illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5.

Fig. '7 illustrates one of the distributing elements employed in carrying out the invention.

Fig. 8 is a slightly different distributing element used when a different effect is desired.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary, enlarged section showing the manner in which rubber cement is distributed on a drawing in accordance with this invention.

Fig. 10 is a section on line l ll3 of Fig. 9, and showing the distributing element as same appears when being used in distributing rubber cement on a drawing.

Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 illustrate the step by step method followed when the artistic effect to be obtained in accordance with the invention is a number of parallel lines extending in two directions and crossing each other.

Fig. 17 is a pictorial illustration showing a number of artistic effects obtained in accordance with the invention.

Referring now to the drawings, wherein is shown for the purpose of illustration, merely, one embodiment of the invention, I designates a distributing element with the aid of which rubber cement, or any other adhesive substance which may be suitable for the purposes of the invention, may be applied to a drawing. The distributing element l preferably is in the form of a plate of metal or any other suitable material, which along its lower edge is provided with alternate notches l and teeth l The teeth l are of rectangular shape, as shown clearly in Figs. 1, 4, i1, and i4, and the notches l are likewise of rectangular shape. The alternate notches and teeth are spaced longitudinally of the lower edge of the distributing element substantially throughout the length thereof, and said element is of sufficient width so that it may be grasped by a hand of the user thereof and drawn along the surface of a drawing in a manner to spread substance thereon, as will be hereinafter more fully explained.

In producing a drawing in accordance with this invention, the drawing is penciled in on drawing paper and the drawing is then treated in accordance with this invention, so that the desired artistic effects are applied thereto. For instance, let it be assumed that a portion of the drawing is to receive the parallel line effect illustrated in Fig. 3. To produce this effect on the drawing an amount of rubber cement or other suitable substance is deposited on the distributing element I at the toothed edge thereof, this deposit of material being at one face of said element, as shown at 2 in Fig. 10. It is important to note that the deposit of rubber cement is so arranged and is of such volume that all of the notches are filled with said material, so that said notches constitute wells of rubber cement. The toothed lower edge of the distributing element is then brought into contact with the surface of the drawing paper, and while said toothed lower edge of the distributing element is pressed firmly against the surface of the drawing paper it is drawn rapidly across the portion of the drawing which is to receive the artistic effect being produced, the body of the substance being distributed being at the leading face of the distributing element as it moves along the-surface of the drawing paper, as shown'in 40 Fig. 10. 7

Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings, it will be assumed that the elliptical figure 3 is a portion of a drawing which is to receive the parallel line effect produced in accordance with the invention, and as clearly shown in this View the toothed lower edge of the distributing element 1 has been drawn over said elliptical figure. This movement of the element I along the drawing paper resulted in each of the wells produced by the grooves l depositing on the' surface of the drawing paper a layer of rubber cement in strip form, these strips of rubber cement of course being arranged parallel with respect to each other just as are the notches i as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, 55

wherein said strips of rubber cement are designated by the reference character 4. An important feature of the invention is that while the strips of rubber cement are being deposited on the surface of the drawing paper a current of air from a suitable air-moving device is directed against said strips of rubber cement as they are deposited on the drawing paper. This results in the rubber cement setting smoothly and quickly, whereby the edges of the strips are straight and sharply defined.

When the surface of the drawing paper has received the strips 4 of rubber cement as described, the portion of the drawing which is to receive the parallel line effect shown in Fig. 3 is inked in solid black or other color. This step of the invention is illustrated in Fig. 2, where the elliptical figure 3 has been blacked in, and as clearly shown in this view the ink or other coloring matter is applied over the strips of rubber cement Q, the ink or other coloring matter being applied to the surfaces of the strips of rubber cement, as clearly shown at 3 in Fig. 9, as well as to the spaces between said strips as shown at 3 in said view.

When the part of the drawing which is to receive the parallel line efiect has been treated as described, the ink or other coloring matter is permitted to dry after which the portion of the surface of the drawing on which the strips of rubber cement are deposited is rubbed to remove said strips of rubber cement. This rubbing may be done with a finger of the artist, or, if preferred, an eraser may be employed for this purpose. When the strips of rubber cement have been removed from the surface of the drawing paper as described, it is found that the ink which was deposited on the surfaces of said strips of rubber cement was removed with said strips, leaving the surface of the drawing paper beneath said strips of rubber cement clean and free from ink. The result of this is that the only ink which appears on the surface of the drawing paper after the strips of rubber cement have been removed is that ink which was located between the strips of rubber cement, as this ink was applied directly to the surface of the drawing paper. This ink is in the form of parallel lines of ink as shown at 3' in Fig. 3, whereby the desired artistic effect is attained.

Attention is now directed to Fig. 17 of the drawings. In this illustration the coat and trousers of the figure A were made in the manner just described, the strips of rubber cement having been applied over the drawing of the coat and trousers of said figure, after which said coat and trousers were blacked in with ink, and after the ink had dried the surface of the drawing was rubbed to remove the strips of rubber cement giving the parallel line effect shown. This parallel line effect appears also on the vest of the figure B shown in Fig. 17, as well as at the portion C of the picture C, and at the shade D of said Fig. 1'7. The dress of the figure E of Fig. .17 is a slightly modified form of the parallel line effect already described. Here the ink which was placed over the strips of rubber cement was arranged in the form of bands with clear spaces between the bands. After the strips of rubber cement were rubbed from the surface of the drawing paper to produce the parallel line effect, horizontal lines were drawn in the spaces between the groups of parallel lines as shown. Also, the parallel line effect on the drapes F at the window. was obtained in the manner already explained. In producing the artisticeffect on the drapes curved bodies of ink were drawn over the strips of rubber cement previously placed on the drawing paper, after which the strips of rubber cement were rubbed away to give the effect shown. 5

Figs. 4, 5, and 6 show the manner in which an artistic effect comprising a number of dots is obtained as shown on the dress of the figure G, the covering of the overstuffed chair H, and the portion 0 of the picture of Fig. 17. In obtaining 10 this effect the strips of rubber cement are laid on the surface of the drawing paper over the portion of the-drawing which is to receive the artistic effect in the crossed over arrangement illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, wherein the strips of rubl5 ber cement extended in one direction are desig nated by the reference character 6, and the strips of rubber cement extended in the opposite direction are designated by the reference character 1. In other words, the strips of rubber cement which extend in one direction are arranged on the drawing paper in the manner already explained, a current of air being directed upon said strips as they are produced so as to cause the rubber cement to set quickly and smoothly. 26 When these strips of rubber cement have dried and set, another group of strips of rubber cement is placed over the first-mentioned group of strips of rubber cement, these latter strips of rubber cement being extended at an approximate right 30 angle with respect to the first-mentioned group of strips of rubber cement. In the case also of the second group of strips of rubber cement to be applied to the drawing, a current of air is directed upon said strips as they are produced to cause same to dry and set quickly. The portion of the drawing which is to receive the dotted effect is then inked in as a solid color, as indicated at 8 in Fig. 5, after which the crossed strips of rubber cement are rubbed away to give the dotted effect shown at 9 in Fig. 6. The reason the effect described is obtained is that only the spots of the drawing paper between the crossed strips of rubber cement are exposed to the ink applied over the strips of rubber cement, and therefore when the strips of rubber cement are rubbed away the ink applied to the surfaces of the strips of rubber cement will also be removed, leaving on the surface. of the drawing paper only the ink which happened to fall between said strips of rubber cement, as is clearly shown in Fig. 6.

In the case of the dress of the figure G of Fig.

17 and the overstuffed chair H thereof, an additional design effect was obtained by drawing short lines between adjacent dots, as indicated 55.

at G in the case of the dress and I-I in the case of the overstuffed chair. Various designs may be obtained in this manner where such designs are desired.

Coming now to the artistic effect illustrated in Fig. 16, this effect is obtained by groups of lines which extend in opposite directions and cross each other. The dress of the figure J in Fig. 17 shows this effect. In producing the cross-line effect shown in Fig. 16 the portion of the drawing which is to receive the effect has applied thereto strips of rubber cement NJ, the application of such strips to the drawing paper being in accordance with the method hereinbefore described. During such application of the strips IE3 of rubber cement a 70.

current of air I l is directed upon the strips of rubber cement as they are placed on the drawing paper in order to quickly dry the strips and cause them to set properly. The portion of the drawing to receive the effect is then inked in solidly, as

shown at I 2 in Fig. 12, and after the ink has dried the surface of the drawing is rubbed to remove the strips of rubber cement. The result of these steps is that the portion of the drawing treated is provided with a number of parallel lines, as shown at 53 in Fig. 13.

After the effect shown in Fig. 13 has been obtained as described, strips M of rubber cement are arranged over the portion of the drawing to which the efiect is being applied, these strips of rubber cement being extended at an approximate right angle with respect to the parallel lines already appearing on the drawing. In applying these latter strips of rubber cement M to the drawing paper a current of air I5 is directed upon said strips of rubber cement as they are formed, so as to cause the strips of rubber cement to dry quickly and set. The portion of the drawing receiving the cross-line effect is then again inked in solidly, as shown at 16 in Fig. 15. After the ink shown at it in Fig. 15 has dried, the surface of the drawing paper is rubbed to remove the strips of rubber cement and the ink on the surfaces of said strips, with the result that the cross-line effect shown at l? in Fig. 16 is produced. As already stated herein, the pattern of the dress of the figure J in Fig. 17 was made in the manner illustrated in Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16, the flower-like figures J having been made by leaving these figures uninked when the dress was inked in solidly in two instances, as above described.

It is obvious that many variations of the effects illustrated and described herein may be obtained. For instance, instead of extending the lines of the effect shown in Fig. 16 and in the dress of the figure J of Fig. 17 at right angles with respect to each other, said lines may be extended at other relative angles. Also, instead of extending the groups of crossed strips of rubber cement at right angles relative to each other in obtaining the dot effect said strips of rubber cement may be extended at such angles with respect to each other that diamond-shaped dots will be produced instead of the square dots of Fig. 6. Furthermore, the effect K adjacent to the picture C of Fig. 17 is obtained by applying the ink in the form of curved pen or brush strokes over the strips of rubber cement. In short, a very great variety of difierent efiects not specifically described and illustrated herein may be obtained by an artist without departing from the spirit of the invention. Finally, it is pointed out that while I describe my invention as being an improved method of drawing, it may also be employed in connection with painting and other forms of art work, hence I do not wish the invention to be interpreted as being limited to pen and ink drawing, but rather to be considered as relating to any form of art work or painting to which it may be applicable.

By changing the form of the toothed lower edge of the distributing element as indicated at I 8 in Fig. 8, where narrow teeth 18 and wide teeth 18 are included, different eiiects may be obtained, and obviously a very great variety of effects may be obtained by so changing the toothed lower edge of the distributing elements.

I claim:

1. The herein described method of drawing which comprises applying to a portion of a drawing a plurality of strips of adhesive substance in spaced apart parallel relation, applying coloring matter to said portion of said drawing over said strips of adhesive substance so that said coloring matter is distributed on the surfaces of said strips of adhesive substance and on portions of the surface of the drawing located between and adjacent to said strips of adhesive substance, removing said strips of adhesive substance from the drawing so as to leave on the drawing only such color- 5 ing matter as was applied directly to the drawing, applying to said portion of the drawing a plurality of strips of adhesive substance in spaced apart parallel relation which are extended at an angle with respect to the direction of extension of 10 the first-mentioned strips of adhesive substance, applying coloring matter to said portion of the drawing over the second-mentioned strips of adhesive substance so that said coloring matter is distributed on the surfaces of the second-men- 15 tioned strips of adhesive substance and on por tions of the drawing located between and adjacent to said second-mentioned strips of adhesive substance, and removing said second-mentioned strips of adhesive substance from so as to leave on the drawing only such coloring matter as was applied directly to the drawing.

2. The herein described method of drawing which comprises applying to a portion or" a drawing a plurality of strips of adhesive substance in 25 spaced apart parallel relation, applying coloring matter to said portion of said drawing over said strips of adhesive substance so that said coloring matter is distributed on the surfaces of said strips of adhesive substance and on portions of the 30 surface of the drawing located between and adjacent to said strips of adhesive substance, removing said strips of adhesive substance from the drawing so as to leave on the drawing only such coloring matter as was applied directly to the 35 drawing, applying to said portion or" the drawing a plurality of strips of adhesive substance in spaced apart parallel relation which are extended at an angle with respect to the direction of extension of the first-mentioned strips of adhesive substance applying coloring matter to said portion of the drawing over the second-mentioned strips of adhesive substance so that said coloring matter is distributed on the surfaces of the second-mentioned strips of adhesive substance and on portions of the drawing located between and adjacent to said second-mentioned strips of adhesive substance, removing said second-mentioned strips of adhesive substance from the drawing so as to leave on the drawing only such coloring matter as was applied directly to the drawing, and forcing air upon said first-mentioned and second-mentioned strips of adhesive substance as they are being applied to the drawing so as to cause said substance to dry quickly and set.

3. The herein described method of drawing which comprises adhesively applying directly to a portion of a drawing a body of adhesive substance in thin layer form in such manner that a part of the treated portion of the drawing is coated by said adhesive substance while another adjacent part of the same portion of the drawing remains uncoated, directing a current of air upon said body of adhesive substance while same is being applied to said drawing so as to cause said substance to dry quickly and become set whereby the edges of said adhesive substance are made sharp and well defined, applying coloring matter to the entire treated portion of said drawing over said body of adhesive substance applied to said treated portion of the drawing and over the uncoated part of said treated portion of the drawing so that said coloring matter is distributed on the surface of said body of adhesive substance and on the uncoated part of the treated portion of the 7 the drawing 20 drawing, and then removing said body of adhesive substance from the drawing so as to leave on the drawing only such coloring matter as was applied directly to the uncoated part of the treated portion of the drawing.

4. The herein described method of drawing which comprises adhesively applying directly to a portion of a drawing a plurality of bodies of an adhesive substance in thin layer form in such manner that parts of the treated portion of the drawing are coated by said bodies of adhesive substance while other adjacent parts of the treated portion of the drawing remain uncoated, directing a current of air upon said bodies of adhesive substance while same are being applied to said drawing so as to cause said substance to dry quickly and become set whereby the edges of said adhesive substance are made sharp and well defined, applying coloring matter to the entire treated portion of the drawing over said body of adhesive substance applied to said treated portion of the drawing and over the uncoated parts of said treated portion of the drawing so that said coloring matter is distributed on the surface of said bodies of adhesive substance and on adjacent uncoated parts of the treated portion of the drawing, and then removing said bodies of adhesive substance from the drawing so as to leave on the drawing only such coloring matter as was applied directly to the uncoated parts of the treated portion of the drawing.

5. The herein described method of drawing which comprises adhesively applying directly to a portion of a drawing a plurality of strips of adhesive substance in spaced apart, parallel relation, so that parts of the treated portion of the drawing are coated by said adhesive substance while other parts of the same treated portion of the drawing between the strips of adhesive substance remain unc-oated, directing a current of air upon said strips of adhesive substance while same are being applied to said drawing so as to cause said substance to dry quickly and become set whereby the edges of said adhesive substance are made sharp and Well defined, applying coloring matter to the entire treated portion of the drawing over said strips of adhesive substance applied to the treated portion of the drawing and over the uncoated parts of said treated portion of the drawing so that said coloring matter is distributed on the surfaces of said strips of adhesive substance and on the adjacent uncoated parts of the treated portion of the drawing, and then removing said body of adhesive substance from the 25 drawing so as to leave on the drawing only such coloring matter as was applied directly to the uncoated parts of the treated portion of the drawing.

HARRY J. 'IUTHILL.

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