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US20120222645A1 - Piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production - Google Patents

Piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120222645A1
US20120222645A1 US13/066,561 US201113066561A US2012222645A1 US 20120222645 A1 US20120222645 A1 US 20120222645A1 US 201113066561 A US201113066561 A US 201113066561A US 2012222645 A1 US2012222645 A1 US 2012222645A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
piston
base body
ring element
joining
circumferential
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/066,561
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English (en)
Inventor
Helmut Edel
Andreas Seeger-Van Nie
Volker Weisse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Original Assignee
Mahle International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Assigned to MAHLE INTERNATIONAL GMBH reassignment MAHLE INTERNATIONAL GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: EDEL, HELMUT, WEISSE, VOLKER, SEEGER-VAN NIE, ANDREAS
Publication of US20120222645A1 publication Critical patent/US20120222645A1/en
Priority to US14/195,921 priority Critical patent/US9163580B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
    • F02F3/003—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
    • F02F3/003—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping
    • F02F2003/0061—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping by welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0448—Steel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49249—Piston making
    • Y10T29/49252—Multi-element piston making

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a piston for an internal combustion engine, having a piston base body and a piston ring element, whereby the piston base body has at least an inner region of a piston crown as well as a piston skirt, which is provided with pin bosses having pin bores, whereby the piston ring element has at least an outer region of a piston crown having a circumferential top land, and a circumferential ring belt provided with ring grooves.
  • the present invention furthermore relates to a method for the production of such a piston.
  • a piston of this type as well as a method of this type, are known from DE 10 2007 005 268 A1.
  • the contact regions of the piston base body and of the piston ring element are structured in step shape or configured as a tongue-groove region, and the piston ring element is joined with the piston base body in non-releasable manner. In this way, the required tolerances for the joining method are adjusted, and canting of the two components is avoided.
  • the gap widths of the joints between the components to be joined that are selected in these methods generally amount to less than 0.1 mm, frequently only 0.05 mm, since the beam diameter is correspondingly small in the case of modern beam-welding methods, for example.
  • the joining surfaces must be produced in multiple work cycles, by means of structuring the steps and their position relative to one another, thereby making great demands on the precision of the individual machining steps. This method is very complicated and therefore leads to increased production costs.
  • the task of the present invention thus consists in further developing a piston of the stated type or a method of the stated type in such a manner that a variable material selection is possible, while simplifying the production method.
  • the solution consists in a piston having the characteristics of claim 1 , as well as in a method having the characteristics of claim 9 .
  • piston base body and piston ring element are joined together by way of corresponding, conical joining surfaces configured on them.
  • the corresponding joining surfaces are configured on the piston base body and on the piston ring element in such a manner that they form surfaces disposed in conical shape. In this way, gap-free joints or joints having very close tolerances can be produced in particularly simple and cost-advantageous manner.
  • Another significant advantage of the present invention consists in that the two components can basically be joined together in one work cycle, because of the configuration of the joining surfaces according to the invention.
  • the joining surfaces can be broken down into an axial surface vector and a radial surface vector.
  • the radial surface components bring about the result that shrinkage stresses that can occur during thermal joining methods are reduced, without any problems, by means of free shrinkage of the components in the axial direction.
  • the piston according to the invention and the method according to the invention furthermore allow an essentially free material selection for the piston base body and the piston ring element, since the conically configured joining surfaces can be positioned on the two components in any desired manner.
  • regions of the piston crown that are subject to particularly great thermal and/or mechanical stress, particularly the bowl edge of a combustion chamber bowl consist of a material that is correspondingly capable of withstanding stress, but the piston base body is produced from a different material, which can be mechanically processed with particular ease and/or in particularly simple manner, for example.
  • a circumferential cooling channel can be provided in the piston ring element, in known manner.
  • the piston base body and the piston ring element can also jointly form a circumferential cooling channel, whose comparatively large volume ensures particularly effective cooling, particularly of the ring belt.
  • the piston base body and/or the piston ring element can have a locally thickened part in the region of the ends of the joining surfaces on the cooling channel side. In this way, a possible notch effect of the joining connection is at least clearly reduced.
  • the piston crown of the piston according to the invention has a known combustion chamber bowl
  • the bowl edge of the combustion chamber bowl is formed from a wear-resistant and/or temperature-resistant material. This can be achieved, in particularly simple manner, in that the piston ring element is produced from such a material, and the joining surfaces are positioned in such a manner that the bowl edge is part of the piston ring element, and the bowl crown is part of the piston base body.
  • the piston base body is produced from a metallic material
  • the piston ring element is produced from a wear-resistant and/or temperature-resistant steel material.
  • Suitable joining methods are, for example, gluing, welding, or soldering. It is practical to apply an axial bracing force to the piston ring element and/or the piston base body during the joining process, in order to support centering of the components to be joined, particularly if the cone angles are different.
  • FIG. 1 a first embodiment of a piston according to the invention, in section;
  • FIG. 2 another embodiment of a piston according to the invention, in section
  • FIG. 3 a partial representation of another embodiment of a piston according to the invention, in section;
  • FIG. 4 another partial representation of another embodiment of a piston according to the invention, in section.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a piston 10 according to the invention.
  • the piston 10 has a piston base body 11 and a piston ring element 12 .
  • the piston base body 11 forms the inner region 14 of a piston crown 13 ; this inner region 14 simultaneously represents the crown of the combustion chamber bowl 15 .
  • a piston skirt 16 is tied into the underside of the piston crown 13 , in known manner; this skirt has pin bosses 18 provided with pin bores 17 .
  • the piston base body 11 can be produced from an iron material or a light-metal material, for example. In this connection, casting materials as well as forging materials can be used. Typical casting materials are, for example, cast iron with spherical graphite according to DIN EN 1563, such as, for example, EN-GJS-700-2, steel casting according to DIN EN 10293, or special aluminum-silicon piston alloys.
  • Forging materials that can be used are, for example, AFP steels according to DIN EN 10267, tempered steels according to DIN EN 10083, or aluminum-silicon alloys that can be forged.
  • the piston ring element 12 forms the outer region 21 of the piston crown 13 , having a circumferential top land 22 and a circumferential ring belt 23 having ring grooves 24 for piston rings (not shown).
  • the outer region 21 of the piston crown 13 encloses the bowl edge 25 of the combustion chamber bowl 15 .
  • the piston ring element can consist of a casting or forging material, or, alternatively, of a material produced by means of powder metallurgy, preferably of a wear-resistant and/or temperature-resistant material.
  • tempered steels according to DIN EN 10083 for example, temperature-resistant and high-temperature-resistant steels, such as those according to DIN 17240 or DIN EN 10269, for example, heat-resistant steels and nickel alloys such as those according to DIN EN 10095, for example, can be used, depending on the requirements profile.
  • Cast iron with spherical graphite according to DIN EN 1563, steel casting material according to DIN EN 10293, or heat-resistant steel casting material according to DIN EN 10295, for example, can be used as iron casting materials.
  • high-temperature-resistant aluminum piston alloys can also be used.
  • the piston ring element 12 furthermore has a circumferential recess 26 that extends in the direction of the piston crown 13 , essentially parallel to the ring belt 23 .
  • a first circumferential joining surface 27 is provided, and below the bowl edge 25 , a second circumferential joining surface 28 is provided.
  • the joining surfaces 27 and 28 lie on a common conical surface.
  • the piston base body 11 has an outer circumferential depression 31 that is delimited by an outer circumferential joining surface 32 and an inner circumferential joining surface 33 .
  • the inner circumferential joining surface 33 simultaneously encloses the inner region 14 or crown of the combustion chamber bowl 15 .
  • the outer joining surface 32 and the inner joining surface 33 also lie on a common conical surface.
  • the piston base body 11 and the piston ring element 12 are joined together in that the corresponding joining surfaces 27 and 32 or 28 and 33 , respectively, come to lie on one another, so that gap-free joints or joints having very close tolerances result.
  • the piston base body 11 and the piston ring element 12 are firmly connected with one another by means of suitable joining methods, particularly gluing, soldering, or welding, along the joining surfaces 27 , 32 and 28 , 33 , respectively.
  • the joining surfaces 27 , 32 and 28 , 33 can be connected with one another in a single work cycle, for example by means of welding.
  • the recess 26 of the piston ring element 12 and the depression of the piston base body 11 form a circumferential, closed cooling channel 34 .
  • a piston base body 11 forged from 38MnVS6, is adjusted to the required strength by means of controlled cooling. Subsequently, the joining surfaces 32 , 33 are produced in one work step, and the circumferential depression 31 is finished.
  • the piston ring element 12 is forged from the material 42CrMo4, and adjusted to the desired strength by means of a tempering process.
  • the joining surfaces 27 , 28 are produced, in this case using the same cone angle, as is the depression.
  • the two parts are pre-heated and braced to one another by means of an axial force, so that the joining surfaces 27 , 32 and 28 , 33 come to lie on one another in centered manner.
  • the two joints which have now been fixed in place relative to one another, are welded to one another by means of the electron-beam welding method, without using additional material, proceeding from the outside diameter, in one work step.
  • the two joints can be firmly connected with one another, one after the other or simultaneously, proceeding from the outside diameter and the combustion chamber bowl 15 , by means of a beam-welding method.
  • the two seam roots therefore come to lie in the cooling channel.
  • FIG. 2 shows another exemplary embodiment of a piston 110 according to the invention, composed of a piston base body 111 and a piston ring element 112 , whereby the same components are provided with the same reference symbols.
  • the only difference as compared with the piston 10 shown in FIG. 1 consists in that no cooling channel is provided.
  • the piston ring element 111 has a single conical joining surface 135
  • the piston ring element 112 has a single corresponding joining surface 136 .
  • the piston base body 111 and the piston ring element 112 are firmly connected with one another by means of suitable joining methods, particularly gluing, soldering, or welding, along the joining surfaces 135 , 136 .
  • the joining surfaces 135 , 136 can be connected with one another in a single work cycle, for example by means of welding.
  • centering of piston base body 111 and piston ring element 112 also takes place automatically, due to the fact that the corresponding joining surfaces 135 , 136 lie on corresponding conical surfaces. Centering can be supported in that piston base body 111 and piston ring element 112 are axially braced before joining. If necessary, a circumferential cooling channel can be introduced into the piston ring element 112 , in known manner, as indicated with a dot-dash line in FIG. 2 .
  • soldering methods When using soldering methods, the selection of a suitable solder results from the working temperature of the method selected.
  • Beam-supported methods such as laser-beam welding or electron-beam welding, are possible welding methods.
  • other welding methods such as arc-supported methods, for example WIG or MAG/MIG methods, can also be used.
  • the use of a joining material can be desirable or even necessary.
  • the use of welding additive is necessary when using a welding method, it is possible to dispose the corresponding joining surfaces 27 , 28 ; 136 of the piston ring element 12 ; 112 and/or 32 , 33 ; 135 of the piston base body 11 ; 111 on conical surfaces having completely different angles or angles that are different in certain regions, or on a surface in arc shape, in such a manner that an essentially wedge-shaped joint is formed (not shown).
  • the joining material can be accommodated in particularly simple and effective manner.
  • the joining connection it is recommended to produce the joining connection, proceeding from the cooling channel 34 , in the direction of the ring belt 23 (by way of the joining surfaces 27 , 32 ), or in the direction of the combustion chamber bowl 15 (by way of the joining surfaces 28 , 33 ). If a welding method is selected, the seam roots can be laid on the cooling channel side, accordingly.
  • FIG. 3 shows another exemplary embodiment of a piston 210 according to the invention, having a piston base body 211 and a piston ring element 212 .
  • the piston 210 corresponds to the piston 10 according to FIG. 1 , since it also has a circumferential cooling channel 234 .
  • the piston 210 is characterized in that the piston base body 211 and the piston ring element 212 , in the region of the joining surfaces 227 , 232 or 228 , 233 , respectively, on the cooling channel side, locally thickened parts ( 237 , 238 ) are provided. As a result, a notch effect that might occur in the region of the joining connection is at least clearly reduced.
  • this piston is characterized in that the joining surfaces 227 and 227 ′ lie on a common plane, which is structured to be inclined at an acute angle a relative to the piston axis.
  • FIG. 4 shows another exemplary embodiment of the piston according to the invention, in which the joining surfaces 227 and 227 ′ do not lie on a common plane, whereby the joining surface 227 forms an acute angle relative to the piston axis 300 , and the joining surface 227 ′ forms an obtuse angle ⁇ relative to the piston axis.
  • the joining surface arrangement 227 ′ b in connection with 227 when using beam welding, for example laser beam or electron beam an optimal solution according to the task is achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
US13/066,561 2011-03-04 2011-04-18 Piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production Abandoned US20120222645A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/195,921 US9163580B2 (en) 2011-03-04 2014-03-04 Piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011013143A DE102011013143A1 (de) 2011-03-04 2011-03-04 Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE102011013143.4 2011-03-04

Related Child Applications (1)

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US14/195,921 Continuation US9163580B2 (en) 2011-03-04 2014-03-04 Piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production

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US20120222645A1 true US20120222645A1 (en) 2012-09-06

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US13/066,561 Abandoned US20120222645A1 (en) 2011-03-04 2011-04-18 Piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production
US14/195,921 Active 2031-06-21 US9163580B2 (en) 2011-03-04 2014-03-04 Piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production

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US (2) US20120222645A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2681435B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103429878B (fr)
DE (1) DE102011013143A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012119590A2 (fr)

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WO2014048810A1 (fr) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-03 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston en deux parties pour moteur à combustion interne
US20140137405A1 (en) * 2011-07-12 2014-05-22 Mahle International Gmbh Method for the production of a piston for an internal combustion engine
US20140260960A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Mahle International Gmbh Welded piston assembly
WO2014146637A1 (fr) * 2013-03-18 2014-09-25 Mahle International Gmbh Procédé de production d'un piston pour un moteur à combustion interne et piston réalisé selon ce procédé
US20150152807A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2015-06-04 Mahle International Gmbh Piston for an internal combustion engine
US20150224593A1 (en) * 2012-04-10 2015-08-13 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Article including a weld joint
WO2017085061A1 (fr) * 2015-11-17 2017-05-26 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston pour moteur à combustion interne
US10449621B2 (en) * 2014-05-01 2019-10-22 Mahle International Gmbh Magnetic arc welded piston assembly
US20200189045A1 (en) * 2018-12-13 2020-06-18 Caterpillar Inc. Remanufactured engine piston and method
US10801438B2 (en) * 2017-07-05 2020-10-13 Mahle International Gmbh Method for producing a piston
US11162453B2 (en) 2016-05-04 2021-11-02 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston

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DE102014000253A1 (de) * 2014-01-08 2015-07-09 Mahle International Gmbh Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE102014010600A1 (de) 2014-07-18 2016-01-21 DST Defence Service Tracks GmbH Legierung zur Herstellung eines dünnwandigen Stahlbauteils
CN108730063B (zh) * 2017-04-14 2021-01-01 强莉莉 一种钢活塞及其成型方法
US10704491B2 (en) * 2018-10-11 2020-07-07 Tenneco Inc. Piston cooling gallery shaping to reduce piston temperature
DE102020211246A1 (de) 2020-09-08 2022-04-14 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor, Verbrennungsmotor mit einem Kolben und Verwendung einer eisenbasierten Legierung
DE102022102051A1 (de) 2022-01-28 2023-08-03 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Kolbenrohling, Kolben und Verfahren
US11840983B2 (en) * 2022-02-22 2023-12-12 Caterpillar Inc. Low compression natural gas engine piston bowl for improved combustion stability
CN116441696B (zh) * 2023-06-19 2023-09-15 中国航发成都发动机有限公司 一种航空发动机静子组件真空电子束焊接方法及夹装装置

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US7971355B2 (en) * 2007-12-20 2011-07-05 Mahle International Gmbh Method for attaching a ring element to a piston for an internal combustion engine
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Cited By (20)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150152807A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2015-06-04 Mahle International Gmbh Piston for an internal combustion engine
US9242317B2 (en) * 2011-07-12 2016-01-26 Mahle International Gmbh Method for the production of a piston for an internal combustion engine
US20140137405A1 (en) * 2011-07-12 2014-05-22 Mahle International Gmbh Method for the production of a piston for an internal combustion engine
US9656343B2 (en) * 2012-04-10 2017-05-23 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Article including a weld joint
US20150224593A1 (en) * 2012-04-10 2015-08-13 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Article including a weld joint
WO2014048810A1 (fr) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-03 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston en deux parties pour moteur à combustion interne
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EP2681435B1 (fr) 2019-05-08
WO2012119590A2 (fr) 2012-09-13
DE102011013143A1 (de) 2012-09-06
CN103429878A (zh) 2013-12-04
CN103429878B (zh) 2017-03-29
EP2681435A2 (fr) 2014-01-08
US9163580B2 (en) 2015-10-20
US20140190443A1 (en) 2014-07-10
WO2012119590A3 (fr) 2012-11-29

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