[go: up one dir, main page]

US20120121565A1 - Protein Recovery - Google Patents

Protein Recovery Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20120121565A1
US20120121565A1 US13/257,895 US201013257895A US2012121565A1 US 20120121565 A1 US20120121565 A1 US 20120121565A1 US 201013257895 A US201013257895 A US 201013257895A US 2012121565 A1 US2012121565 A1 US 2012121565A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fermentation agent
process according
composition
yeast
separation stage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/257,895
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Edmond Vaughan Williams
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AB Agri Ltd
Original Assignee
AB Agri Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AB Agri Ltd filed Critical AB Agri Ltd
Publication of US20120121565A1 publication Critical patent/US20120121565A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
    • C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
    • C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
    • C12P7/08—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate
    • C12P7/10—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate substrate containing cellulosic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/74—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
    • C07C29/76—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment
    • C07C29/86—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment by liquid-liquid treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12F—RECOVERY OF BY-PRODUCTS OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS; DENATURED ALCOHOL; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • C12F3/00—Recovery of by-products
    • C12F3/06—Recovery of by-products from beer and wine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/02—Separating microorganisms from their culture media
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/18—Baker's yeast; Brewer's yeast
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
    • C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
    • C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to recovery of protein-containing material, and more particularly relates to a process for recovering a protein-containing material, such as yeast, from a bio ethanol process.
  • the invention also relates to a new protein-containing composition, which may be obtained as a co-product of a bio ethanol process.
  • the protein-containing composition according to the invention is particularly useful in animal feed material.
  • bio ethanol refineries it has been known for many years to use bio ethanol refineries to convert biological material into useful chemical products.
  • a plant material such as grain containing starch (e.g., wheat or maize) is treated to produce ethanol (so-called “bio ethanol”).
  • bio ethanol is treated to produce ethanol (so-called “bio ethanol”).
  • the process can be used to produce both potable alcohol and industrial ethanol.
  • bio ethanol in a conventional bio ethanol plant, wheat is fermented using yeast as the fermentation organism to produce bio ethanol as a main product and by-products, such as animal feed.
  • the ratio of bio ethanol to by-products is approximately 1:1, on a weight basis.
  • DDGS distillers dark grains and solubles
  • the residue after distillation of the ethanol (termed whole stillage) is then dried to produce the by-product, DDGS.
  • the whole stillage is separated into two fractions, a solids fraction and a liquid fraction. This first separation may be carried out in a decanter to produce a solid and a liquid output.
  • the solid output may be pressed into a cake.
  • the liquid output is subjected to evaporation to make a syrup containing, among other things, yeast—this syrup is known as condensed distiller's solubles (CDS).
  • CDS condensed distiller's solubles
  • the CDS is then added to the pressed cake and dried to form what is known as the DDGS.
  • the Knott/Shurson paper describes subjecting the CDS to a spray drying process to separate the CDS into three fractions, called “sprayed dried distiller's solubles,” “spray dried yeast cream,” and “spray dried residual solubles.” This process would not be suitable for the large scale recovery of yeast, because its cost would be prohibitive. Furthermore, based on the disclosure of the Knott/Shurson paper, there would be no motivation for the skilled person to seek to recover yeast on a large scale, as the paper is concerned with the use of small quantities of yeast as a growth factor present in the mixture, and does not make any reference to the amount of yeast which may be available for recovery from the CDS or the large scale recovery of yeast per se.
  • yeast is a by-product of the bio ethanol process, and indeed this is inevitable, as the process itself relies on the presence of yeast for the fermentation.
  • Yeast has been used in the animal feed market for many years, when as a dead yeast as feed material and live yeast as a feed additive. Yeast has a high content of digestible protein, and is therefore potentially useful as a feed material for use in animal feed. However, to date, yeast has not been used to any significant extent as a feed material, owing to the lack of availability of sufficient quantities of the material at a cost effective price compared to other feed materials. In commercially available animal feeds, there is a wide range of high protein feed materials of which, rape meal, soya bean meal, and fishmeal are primary examples.
  • yeast is mostly used as a feed additive in amounts generally less than 2 wt % of the total weight of animal feed when it is used with relevant claims to improve the performance of animals.
  • yeast as a feed material for supplying digestible protein to animals, but except in certain limited circumstances (such as the aquatic use mentioned above), it is not feasible to do so. This is because of the cost of the available yeast is too high.
  • the yeast is added into the mixture after saccharification in order to ferment the carbohydrate substrate.
  • the quantity of yeast added may be large and sufficient to ferment the substrate available or may be added in a smaller quantity and allowed to multiply in the medium to the point at which there is sufficient yeast to ferment the total available carbohydrate.
  • the quantity of yeast produced as a by-product of the bio ethanol production process is much higher than had been appreciated.
  • the amount of yeast produced as a by-product is in the range 10-20 wt %, based on the total weight of the by-products. This typically represents about 4-7 wt % of the total output mass from the process, which is much higher than the amount which would be expected.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of an embodiment of a bio ethanol process according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of an embodiment of a process for recovering fermentation agent, in particular yeast, according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a more detailed drawing of part of the process shown in FIG. 1 .
  • Ethanol had been produced from bio ethanol plants on a large scale for the past 15 to 20 years. For example, the European annual capacity for bio ethanol production in 2008 had risen to over 4 billion litres.
  • the yeast fraction has never been recovered on a commercial scale either from the process itself or from by-products of the bio ethanol process, because it had not been appreciated that there was a significant amount of it present, or that it could be efficiently recovered.
  • the yeast was not available at a price or quantity such that it could be conveniently used as a feed material in animal feed.
  • a process for recovering a protein-containing fermentation agent comprising: forming an aqueous mixture of an organic material and a protein-containing fermentation agent capable of fermenting the organic material to produce ethanol; fermenting the aqueous mixture to produce ethanol; recovering from the fermented aqueous mixture an ethanol stream which is rich in ethanol and a co-product stream comprising unfermented organic material, the fermentation agent and an aqueous solution of dissolved solids in water; subjecting the co-product stream to a first separation stage to recover a first stream rich in the unfermented organic material and a second stream rich in the fermentation agent, which is suspended in the aqueous solution; subjecting the second stream to a second separation step, capable of recovering suspended solids from a liquid, to recover a third stream rich in the fermentation agent and a fourth stream rich in the aqueous solution; and, if necessary, drying the third stream to recover a composition comprising the fermentation agent.
  • the fermentation agent may be any agent used in the fermentation of organic materials to produce ethanol.
  • the fermentation agent comprises, and more preferably consists of, fungal cells. More specifically, the fungal cells comprise, and more preferably consist of, single-celled ascomycetous fungal cells, particularly yeast.
  • the yeast is of the genus Saccharomyces . Yeast of the genus Saccharomyces Carlsbergiensis is particularly suitable.
  • the process will be described with particular reference to the recovery of yeast, but it will be appreciated that this description is equally applicable to the recovery of protein containing fermentation agents, including microbial protein-containing cells other than yeast.
  • the fermentation agent may be a bacterial fermentation agent, such as zymomonas mobilis .
  • the process according to the invention is suitable for any process for the fermentation of organic material to form ethanol (which may be ethanol for industrial use, or potable ethanol).
  • ethanol which may be ethanol for industrial use, or potable ethanol.
  • transfer is meant the biological process by which sugars, such as glucose, fructose and sucrose are converted to carbon dioxide and ethanol.
  • the ethanol stream may be separated from the co-product stream by distillation.
  • the yeast is present in the co-product stream as a suspension, and that it may be separated from the co-product stream by any process suitable for removing a solid suspension from a liquid.
  • the separation process is a mechanical separation process, in particular centrifugation.
  • One particularly advantageous process for separating the yeast from the other co-products is known as disk stack separation which employs centrifugal force to separate particulate matter from a liquid.
  • the technique of disk stack separation, per se, is known in the art, but it has not previously been applied to the process according to the invention.
  • the co-product stream is known in the art as “whole stillage.” It comprises predominantly water, undissolved unfermented organic material and undissolved fermentation agent, such as yeast. It also contains non-starch polysaccharides.
  • the fermented organic material is wheat
  • the whole stillage contains NSPs based on arabinose, urinic acid, glucan, xylose, and glucose residues and also contains glucomannan.
  • the NSPs in wheat are approximately 25 wt % water soluble and 75 wt % water insoluble. Of the soluble fraction over 90 wt % of the NSPs are arabinoxylan or beta-glucan, with the remainder being galactose.
  • the water is an aqueous solution containing dissolved solids, including unfermented soluble organic material.
  • the undissolved unfermented organic material which is typically of a fibrous consistency, is separated from the rest of the whole stillage in a first separation step, leaving the aqueous solution and the fermentation agent.
  • the unfermented organic material separated from the rest of the whole stillage will still contain some fermentation agent and some of the aqueous solution.
  • the majority of the fermentation agent and the aqueous solution is separated from the undissolved unfermented material in the first stage of the separation.
  • the undissolved unfermented organic material may contain a useful amount of the fermentation agent, such as yeast. Therefore, if desired, part of the recovered undissolved unfermented organic material may be recycled back into the co-product stream to improve the yield of fermentation agent.
  • the fermentation agent in particular the yeast
  • the fermentation agent is suspended in the aqueous solution and can be readily separation by a mechanical separation technique, or equivalent.
  • the majority of the fermentation agent, in particular the yeast may be separated from the aqueous solution.
  • the recovered fermentation agent, in particular the yeast does usually include some of the aqueous solution (including dissolved solids such as soluble non-starch polysaccharides), and therefore it is preferably dried after recovery.
  • the third stream is subjected to a dewatering step.
  • the dewatering step preferably comprises a mechanical dewatering step.
  • the mechanical dewatering step preferably comprises subjecting the third stream to a filter press. It is preferred that the third stream is further dried, preferably by evaporation, preferably with heating, after the dewatering step.
  • the fermentation agent in particular the yeast
  • the fermentation agent is separated from the stillage prior to subjecting the stillage or fermentation agent to any drying or evaporation step.
  • the fibrous co-product i.e., the separated undissolved unfermented organic material
  • the fibrous co-product may be processed into a cake to form Distillers Dried grains (DDG).
  • DDG Distillers Dried grains
  • apparatus for producing ethanol and a fermentation agent comprising: a fermentation stage for fermenting an aqueous mixture comprising an organic material and a protein-containing fermentation agent capable of fermenting the organic material, to produce ethanol; a first separation stage for recovering the ethanol from the unfermented aqueous mixture; a second separation stage, downstream of the first separation stage for recovering unfermented organic material from the fermentation agent and an aqueous solution of dissolved solids in water; and a third separation stage, downstream of the second separation stage, for separating the fermentation agent into a third stream rich in the fermentation agent and a fourth stream rich in the aqueous solution.
  • a drier is provided for drying the third stream.
  • the starting material for the process may be any organic material (in particular, a starch-containing material or a cellulose-containing material) capable of being fermented with the fermentation agent to produce ethanol.
  • the starting material may be a cereal grain, such as maize, wheat, sorghum, or barley, or may be potato or beet.
  • the organic material may be straw, wood, or corn stover.
  • the ethanol output may be of a grade used for industrial or fuel use, or it may be of a grade used for human consumption, such as a variety of whisky.
  • the fermentation agent may, and usually will, alter in nature during the course of the process.
  • the fermentation agent used in the fermentation step is “unspent,” whereby it is capable of fermenting the organic material.
  • the fermentation agent in the co-product stream may be a mixture of spent and unspent fermentation agent, and is usually substantially entirely spent fermentation agent.
  • yeast unspent (or “live”) yeast will be employed during the fermentation process, and by the end of the process, when recovered in the co-product stream, some or all of the yeast will be spent (or “dead”) yeast.
  • the expression “fermentation agent” may refer to unspent or spent fermentation agent
  • the expression “yeast” may refer to unspent or spent yeast.
  • the composition will be clear to a person skilled in the art from the context in which the terms are used.
  • a process for treating stillage the stillage being obtained from a fermentation process, especially an ethanol fermentation process, and comprising water, yeast, suspended fibrous and non-fibrous solids and dissolved solids, the process comprising: separating the majority of the suspending fibrous solids from the rest of the stillage; and then separating the majority of the yeast from the water and dissolved solids.
  • the recovered fermentation agent, especially the yeast (typical examples Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces Carlsbergiensis ) produced by the process or apparatus according to the invention may be formulated for any desired end use, and may be formulated for use as a micronutrient feed additive.
  • the fermentation agent, especially the yeast, produced by the process according to the invention is formulated as a feed material in an animal feed composition.
  • the fermentation agent, especially the yeast may be as a feed material for ruminant animals, such as cattle, sheep and goats. It is particularly preferred that the feed material containing the fermentation agent, especially the yeast, is formulated to feed monogastric animals, such as pigs, poultry, fish, crustacea and companion animals, such as horses, cats and dogs.
  • the main components of the organic dry matter of food are defined as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, organic acids and vitamins (Animal Nutrition, third edition, P. McDonald, R. A. Edwards and J. F. D. Greenhalgh, ISBN 0-582-44399-7).
  • the fermentation agent especially the yeast
  • the food may contain a wide range of additives which according to the definition are feed materials which have some special effect, e.g., provide enhanced performance.
  • the protein in the feed material may be provided partly or entirely by the fermentation agent, especially the yeast, produced by the process or apparatus according to the invention.
  • ingredients such as selected amino acids (such as lysine, methionine, and so on), and vitamins (such as A, D, E, and so on), minerals (such as calcium, phosphorus, and so on) and antibiotics may also be present in the composition.
  • amino acids such as lysine, methionine, and so on
  • vitamins such as A, D, E, and so on
  • minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and so on
  • antibiotics may also be present in the composition.
  • the process and apparatus according to the present invention produce a high value protein-containing composition as a co-product, rather than the relatively low value DDGS by-product produced in the prior art.
  • the protein-containing composition can be produced on a scale large enough to enable it to be used as a feed material in animal feed.
  • a protein containing composition obtainable by a process as described above.
  • a protein-containing composition comprising yeast in combination with at least one, and preferably more than one, non-starch polysaccharide (NSP), wherein the yeast comprises at least 60 wt % of the composition, based on the dry weight of the composition.
  • the composition comprises at least 65 wt % yeast, based on the dry weight of the composition. More preferably, the composition comprises at least 75 wt % yeast, based on the dry weight of the composition. Still more preferably, the composition comprises at least 90 wt % yeast, based on the dry weight of the composition. Most preferably, the composition comprises at least 90 wt % yeast, based on the dry weight of the composition.
  • the composition typically contains at most 99.5 wt % yeast, 99 wt % yeast, 98 wt % yeast or 95 wt % yeast, based on the dry weight of the composition.
  • the most preferred compositions have from 60 to 95 wt % yeast, based on the dry weight of the composition, most preferably 90 to 95 wt % yeast, based on the dry weight of the composition.
  • the yeast also includes sucrose; at least one reducing sugar; at least one mineral; at least one water soluble oligosaccharide; or a combination thereof.
  • the reducing sugar may be glucose, fructose, lactose, or a combination thereof.
  • the composition contains 0 to 8 wt % reducing sugar, more preferably 2 to 8 wt % reducing sugar, still more preferably 4 to 8 wt % reducing sugar and most preferably about 6 wt % reducing sugar.
  • the composition contains 0 to 10 wt % sucrose, more preferably 4 to 10 wt % sucrose, most preferable about 8 wt % sucrose.
  • the composition contains 0 to 4 wt % mineral, most preferably about 2 wt % mineral.
  • the mineral content may contain calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium, sodium, copper, manganese, zinc, or a combination thereof.
  • the or each NSP is preferably present in an amount up to 10 wt % of the composition. More preferably the NSP is present from 0.1 to 10 wt %, more preferably from 0.1 to 5 wt % more preferably from 1-3 wt % and most preferably about 2 wt %.
  • the NSP comprises arabinoxylan, beta-glucan, galactose, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the NSP comprises arabinoxylan and beta-glucan. In another embodiment, the NSP comprises beta-glucan and galactose. In another embodiment, the NSP comprises arabinoxylan and galactose. In another embodiment, the NSP consists of arabinoxylan, beta-glucan, and galactose.
  • the NSP comprises arabinoxylan, beta-glucan, and galactose.
  • the NSP comprises at least 90 wt % arabinoxylam and beta-glucan, and more preferably the balance is galactose.
  • the water content of the composition is preferably 5 to 10 wt %, typically 8 wt %.
  • a feed material comprising a protein-containing composition as described above.
  • the feed material comprises 2 to 40 wt %, of the protein-containing composition according to the invention, preferably 3 to 40 wt %, more preferably 4 to 40 wt %, still more preferably 5 to 40 wt %.
  • the remainder of the composition may be made up with other desired components, such as a carbohydrate source, and/or a lipid source, and/or food additives.
  • the compositions produced by the above described process and the composition according to the invention is useful in stimulating growth of animals.
  • the compositions are useful in the non-therapeutic stimulation of growth in animals.
  • a method of stimulating growth in an animal comprising administering a growth stimulating amount of a composition as described above.
  • the method is particularly useful in stimulating growth in cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, poultry, fish, crustacea, horses, cats, and dogs.
  • the protein composition according to the invention may be included in dietary formulations for livestock as an alternative source of protein to replace a range of protein materials that are currently used either individually or in a mixture in feed (e.g., fishmeal; soya bean meal; rapeseed meal; maize gluten meal; pea protein).
  • the protein composition could replace from 0.5% to 100% of the individual proteins or mixture of proteins in the diet.
  • the protein composition according to the invention may replace about 5 to 40 wt % of the proteins in the proteins in the diet, more preferably about 20 to 35 wt %.
  • the protein composition according to the invention may replace about 30 wt % of the proteins in the diet—this is especially appropriate for fish.
  • the intake per unit metabolic weight (W0.75) of the protein composition according to the invention may range from 0.01 to 90 g dry matter/W0.75/day.
  • a source of fermentable carbohydrate is fed to a milling stage 10 , then slurried with water to form a mash in a mashing stage 12 .
  • the first step in starch breakdown involves saccharification, typically using 6-amylase and steam. This is followed by a liquefaction stage 14 , using steam from a stage 16 . Further, enzymes (e.g., gluco amylase) are added in a saccharification stage 18 , and yeast is added in fermentation stage 20 .
  • enzymes e.g., gluco amylase
  • the fermentation produces ethanol and co-products which are discharged to a distillation stage 22 , in which the majority of the ethanol is separated by distillation from the majority of the co-products.
  • One output from the distillation stage 22 is an ethanol rich stream, which is fed to a rectification stage 24 , in which the ethanol is further purified. Steam from stage 16 is also fed to the rectification stage 24 .
  • the co-products from the distillation stage 22 are fed to a spent wash tank stage 30 , and subsequently to a decanter 32 , which separates the solid unfermented organic material from an aqueous phase comprising mostly water and yeast.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 the process according to the invention is shown. Many of the stages used in the process according to the invention may be identical to the stages shown in FIG. 1 , and like parts have been designated with like reference numerals.
  • the solids output from the decanter 46 is still pressed into a cake in stage 36 , then dried and pelletised in stage 42 and 44 .
  • the liquid output from the decanter comprises a large quantity of yeast suspended in water, and that the yeast can be recovered from the water in a simple mechanical separator. Recovery of yeast at this stage has not been previously contemplated.
  • the liquid output is fed to a disk stack separator 50 which separates the yeast from the liquid.
  • the yeast is produced in a stream 52 , which is fed to a yeast drier 54 .
  • the water is produced in a stream 48 , which is fed to evaporators 56 to produce a syrup. This syrup may be sprayed onto the DDGS cake, as described with respect to FIG. 1 .
  • Table 1 shows weight gain was increased in all fish given diets containing the protein containing composition compared with the control. Furthermore, this was significant at 14 and 19.7%.
  • Table 1 shows weight gain was significantly increased in birds fed the bio ethanol-derived yeast source (yeast B), compared to the potable alcohol-derived yeast source (yeast A). Feed intake was also significantly increased in the birds fed diet B but no significantly difference in feed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed between the two yeast sources.
  • Mean Mean weight feed gain intake Treatment (S.E.) (g) (S.E.) (g) FCR Control 240.0 380.7 1.59 3% Yeast A 286.5 417.2 1.46 6% Yeast A 223.5 346.8 1.55 9% Yeast A 202.5 326.9 1.61 3% Yeast B 328.4 467.3 1.42 6% Yeast B 330.4 457.0 1.38 9% Yeast B 265.2 427.8 1.61 Variation Source P value Yeast source 0.023 0.019 0.114 RoI (L) 0.623 0.711 0.043 Yeast*RoI 0.399 0.461 0.598

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
US13/257,895 2009-03-26 2010-03-25 Protein Recovery Abandoned US20120121565A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0905234.1A GB0905234D0 (en) 2009-03-26 2009-03-26 Protien recovery
GB0905234.1 2009-03-26
PCT/GB2010/000577 WO2010109203A1 (en) 2009-03-26 2010-03-25 Protein recovery

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2010/000577 A-371-Of-International WO2010109203A1 (en) 2009-03-26 2010-03-25 Protein recovery

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/511,433 Continuation US9066531B2 (en) 2009-03-26 2014-10-10 Protein recovery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20120121565A1 true US20120121565A1 (en) 2012-05-17

Family

ID=40671779

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/257,895 Abandoned US20120121565A1 (en) 2009-03-26 2010-03-25 Protein Recovery
US14/511,433 Active US9066531B2 (en) 2009-03-26 2014-10-10 Protein recovery

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/511,433 Active US9066531B2 (en) 2009-03-26 2014-10-10 Protein recovery

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (2) US20120121565A1 (pt)
EP (1) EP2410869B1 (pt)
AU (1) AU2010227329B2 (pt)
BR (1) BRPI1009846A8 (pt)
CA (1) CA2756498C (pt)
DK (1) DK2410869T3 (pt)
ES (1) ES2616523T3 (pt)
GB (1) GB0905234D0 (pt)
HR (1) HRP20170138T1 (pt)
HU (1) HUE033138T4 (pt)
PL (1) PL2410869T3 (pt)
SI (1) SI2410869T1 (pt)
WO (1) WO2010109203A1 (pt)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9029126B2 (en) 2012-06-20 2015-05-12 Valicor, Inc. Process and method for improving the water reuse, energy efficiency, fermentation and products of an ethanol fermentation plant
US9066531B2 (en) 2009-03-26 2015-06-30 Ab Agri Limited Protein recovery
US9963671B2 (en) 2009-03-26 2018-05-08 Ab Agri Limited Protein recovery
US10143218B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-12-04 Ac Nutrition, Lp Animal feed supplement
US10160932B2 (en) 2009-05-26 2018-12-25 Fluid Quip, Inc. Methods for producing a high protein corn meal from a whole stillage byproduct and system therefore
US20190031986A1 (en) * 2017-07-31 2019-01-31 Fermentec - Tecnologias Em Açúcar E Álcool Ltda. Process For The Reutilization Of Yeast Biomass, With Separation Of Solids Prior To Distillation And Recovery Of Ethanol From Wet Cake, In The Integration Of Alcoholic Fermentations Of Sugarcane And Amylaceous Substrates And/Or For Amylaceous-Dedicated Distilleries
US10875889B2 (en) 2018-12-28 2020-12-29 Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc Method and system for producing a zein protein product from a whole stillage byproduct produced in a corn dry-milling process
US10926267B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2021-02-23 Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc Method and system for reducing the unfermentable solids content in a protein portion at the back end of a corn dry milling process
US12213497B2 (en) 2021-05-12 2025-02-04 Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc Method and system for producing a protein and fiber feed product from a whole stillage byproduct produced in a corn dry milling process

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012145230A1 (en) 2011-04-18 2012-10-26 Poet Research, Inc. Systems and methods for stillage fractionation
BE1020120A3 (nl) * 2011-06-06 2013-05-07 Duynie Holding Bv Samenstelling van voedsel voor dieren.
EP2718447B1 (en) * 2011-06-09 2017-08-23 Integrated BioChem, LLC Managed ecosystem fermentation (mef) with rumen and a nitrogen source
GB2493547A (en) 2011-08-10 2013-02-13 Agri Ltd Ab Yeast and protein recovery from an ethanol fermentation process
WO2014014683A1 (en) * 2012-07-17 2014-01-23 Poet Research, Inc. Compositions derived from fermentation products and process of making same
WO2014014682A1 (en) 2012-07-17 2014-01-23 Poet Research, Inc. Protein compositions derived from fermentation products and process of making same
CN102784501A (zh) * 2012-07-30 2012-11-21 中国石油集团东北炼化工程有限公司吉林设计院 一种乙醇发酵液酒糟分离干燥装置
FR3028525B1 (fr) 2014-11-14 2017-10-13 Roquette Freres Procede de valorisation de biomasse de levure issues de la production d' ethanol
CN104560514B (zh) * 2014-12-31 2016-04-20 山东景芝酒业股份有限公司 酒醅堆积发酵装置
US11718863B2 (en) 2015-11-25 2023-08-08 Poet Grain (Octane), Llc Processes for recovering products from a slurry
CA3006293A1 (en) 2015-11-25 2017-06-01 Flint Hills Resources, Lp Processes for recovering products from a corn fermentation mash
US10059966B2 (en) 2015-11-25 2018-08-28 Flint Hills Resources, Lp Processes for recovering products from a corn fermentation mash
EP3670646A1 (en) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-24 Ohly GmbH Functional yeast protein concentrate
CN111434236A (zh) * 2019-01-14 2020-07-21 澄迈盛虾林农业科技有限公司 澳洲淡水龙虾的成虾养殖饲料及其制备方法
US11541326B2 (en) 2019-04-05 2023-01-03 LucasE3, L.C. Regenerative vapor energy recovery system and method
US12006377B2 (en) 2020-02-07 2024-06-11 LucasE3, L.C. System and method for starch separation and dry fracturing with fiber wash
US11730172B2 (en) 2020-07-15 2023-08-22 Poet Research, Inc. Methods and systems for concentrating a solids stream recovered from a process stream in a biorefinery
WO2022165128A1 (en) 2021-01-28 2022-08-04 Digested Organics Llc Method to produce high protein residuals
CA3241689A1 (en) 2022-06-23 2023-12-28 Mark Turley A feed composition
AU2023430181A1 (en) 2023-06-04 2024-12-19 Clonbio Group Ltd. Food or feed composition with a high level of plant proteins.

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5364335A (en) * 1993-12-07 1994-11-15 Dorr-Oliver Incorporated Disc-decanter centrifuge

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4055667A (en) * 1975-12-03 1977-10-25 Ogilvie Mills Ltd. Animal feeds
SE432442B (sv) 1979-07-06 1984-04-02 Alfa Laval Ab Forfarande for framstellning av etanol genom kontinuerlig forjesning av ett kolhydrathaltigt substrat, varvid ett etanolanrikat flode avskiljs under vakuum innan fermenteringsvetskan uppdelas i ett jestkoncentratflode o
US4287303A (en) 1979-11-13 1981-09-01 Alfa-Laval Ab Production of ethanol
US4361651A (en) * 1980-07-18 1982-11-30 Keim Carroll R Process for making fermentable sugars and high-protein products
DE3105581C2 (de) 1981-02-16 1985-05-15 Otto Dr. 2300 Kiel Moebus Verfahren zur Fermentation von Kohlenhydraten unter Erzeugung von Äthanol und Biomasse
SE449876B (sv) 1984-12-07 1987-05-25 Nobel Chematur Ab Forfarande for framstellning av etanol med ett ytterligare centrifugalsepareringssteg, placerat antingen fore eller efter det primera destillationssteget
JPS62502443A (ja) * 1985-04-09 1987-09-24 フオエスト−アルピネ　アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト アルコ−ルおよびたん白質に富む飼料を同時に製造する方法
BR8702590A (pt) 1987-05-20 1988-12-13 Engenho Novo S A Processo continuo de fermentacao otimizada para producao de alcool
FR2646436B1 (fr) * 1989-04-26 1991-06-28 Cohas Pascal Methode de fabrication de levures lactiques pour animaux
US5066498A (en) * 1989-08-30 1991-11-19 Mccauley Brothers, Inc. Nutritional supplement for the hoof and coat
FR2708621B1 (fr) * 1993-07-29 1995-10-20 Lesaffre & Cie Biomasse stable à base de cellules de levure et de bactéries lactiques et procédé de préparation.
US8257951B2 (en) * 2002-10-28 2012-09-04 Little Sioux Corn Processors, LLC. Ethanol production process
US20080095890A1 (en) * 2004-11-22 2008-04-24 Watson James B Microbial feed additive
EP1943346B1 (en) 2005-10-03 2017-03-01 Alternative Fuels Corporation Pty Ltd Fermentation process for co-producing ethanol and yeast
LV13634B (en) * 2007-05-02 2007-12-20 Jp Biotechnology Sia Production of ethanol and feedstuffs
GB0905234D0 (en) 2009-03-26 2009-05-13 Agri Ltd Ab Protien recovery

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5364335A (en) * 1993-12-07 1994-11-15 Dorr-Oliver Incorporated Disc-decanter centrifuge

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Belyea et al., Bioresource Technology, 2004, Vol. 94, p.293-298. *
Kim et al., Bioresource Technology, published online on Nov. 2007, Vol. 99, p. 5165-5176. *
NPL search results, 10/30/2013. *
Rausch et al., Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2006, Vol. 128, Issue 1. p. 47-86. *

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9963671B2 (en) 2009-03-26 2018-05-08 Ab Agri Limited Protein recovery
US9066531B2 (en) 2009-03-26 2015-06-30 Ab Agri Limited Protein recovery
US10266790B2 (en) 2009-05-26 2019-04-23 Fluid Quip, Inc. Methods for producing a high protein corn meal from a whole stillage byproduct and system therefore
US11603507B2 (en) 2009-05-26 2023-03-14 Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc Methods for producing a high protein corn meal from a whole stillage byproduct and system therefore
US10160932B2 (en) 2009-05-26 2018-12-25 Fluid Quip, Inc. Methods for producing a high protein corn meal from a whole stillage byproduct and system therefore
US10190076B2 (en) 2009-05-26 2019-01-29 Fluid Quip, Inc. Methods for producing a high protein corn meal from a whole stillage byproduct and system therefore
US10233404B2 (en) 2009-05-26 2019-03-19 Fluid Quip, Inc. Methods for producing a high protein corn meal from a whole stillage byproduct and system therefore
US10519398B1 (en) 2009-05-26 2019-12-31 Fluid Quip, Inc. Methods for producing a high protein corn meal from a whole stillage byproduct and system therefore
US10800994B2 (en) 2009-05-26 2020-10-13 Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc Methods for producing a high protein corn meal from a whole stillage byproduct and system therefore
US12031105B2 (en) 2009-05-26 2024-07-09 Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc Methods for producing a high protein corn meal from a whole stillage byproduct and system therefore
US9029126B2 (en) 2012-06-20 2015-05-12 Valicor, Inc. Process and method for improving the water reuse, energy efficiency, fermentation and products of an ethanol fermentation plant
US10143218B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-12-04 Ac Nutrition, Lp Animal feed supplement
US20190031986A1 (en) * 2017-07-31 2019-01-31 Fermentec - Tecnologias Em Açúcar E Álcool Ltda. Process For The Reutilization Of Yeast Biomass, With Separation Of Solids Prior To Distillation And Recovery Of Ethanol From Wet Cake, In The Integration Of Alcoholic Fermentations Of Sugarcane And Amylaceous Substrates And/Or For Amylaceous-Dedicated Distilleries
US10947487B2 (en) * 2017-07-31 2021-03-16 Fermentec—Tecnologias Em Açúcar E Álcool Ltda. Process for the reutilization of yeast biomass, with separation of solids prior to distillation and recovery of ethanol from wet cake, in the integration of alcoholic fermentations of sugarcane and amylaceous substrates and/or for amylaceous-dedicated distilleries
US10926267B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2021-02-23 Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc Method and system for reducing the unfermentable solids content in a protein portion at the back end of a corn dry milling process
US12048935B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2024-07-30 Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc Method and system for reducing the unfermentable solids content in a protein portion at the back end of a corn dry milling process
US10875889B2 (en) 2018-12-28 2020-12-29 Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc Method and system for producing a zein protein product from a whole stillage byproduct produced in a corn dry-milling process
US12213497B2 (en) 2021-05-12 2025-02-04 Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc Method and system for producing a protein and fiber feed product from a whole stillage byproduct produced in a corn dry milling process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2756498A1 (en) 2010-09-30
BRPI1009846A2 (pt) 2015-08-25
HUE033138T4 (hu) 2022-12-28
ES2616523T3 (es) 2017-06-13
AU2010227329A1 (en) 2011-10-13
EP2410869A1 (en) 2012-02-01
WO2010109203A1 (en) 2010-09-30
HRP20170138T1 (hr) 2017-04-07
SI2410869T1 (sl) 2017-04-26
DK2410869T3 (en) 2017-04-18
EP2410869B1 (en) 2017-01-11
CA2756498C (en) 2017-01-10
BRPI1009846A8 (pt) 2017-11-21
GB0905234D0 (en) 2009-05-13
US9066531B2 (en) 2015-06-30
PL2410869T3 (pl) 2017-06-30
AU2010227329B2 (en) 2015-12-24
US20150024451A1 (en) 2015-01-22
HUE033138T2 (en) 2017-11-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9066531B2 (en) Protein recovery
US11896031B2 (en) Microbial-based process for high quality protein concentrate
US20150064308A1 (en) Protein Recovery
US6962722B2 (en) High protein corn product production and use
EP1622471A4 (en) METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF FUEL, GENUSAL ALCOHOLIC RESIDUES. FOOD AND FEEDING INDUSTRY
US20220151261A1 (en) Method for the valorisation of yeast biomass resulting from the production of ethanol
US9963671B2 (en) Protein recovery
WO2014184054A1 (en) Animal feed product for monogastric animals
US11800882B2 (en) Microbial-based process for high quality protein concentrate

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION