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US20110126818A1 - Radial jet air impingement nozzle, oven and method - Google Patents

Radial jet air impingement nozzle, oven and method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110126818A1
US20110126818A1 US12/784,864 US78486410A US2011126818A1 US 20110126818 A1 US20110126818 A1 US 20110126818A1 US 78486410 A US78486410 A US 78486410A US 2011126818 A1 US2011126818 A1 US 2011126818A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
nozzle
nozzle insert
oven
shape
jet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/784,864
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English (en)
Inventor
Martin Behle
Douglas S. Jones
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Welbilt UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Merrychef Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merrychef Ltd filed Critical Merrychef Ltd
Priority to US12/784,864 priority Critical patent/US20110126818A1/en
Assigned to MERRYCHEF LIMITED reassignment MERRYCHEF LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BEHLE, MARTIN, JONES, DOUGLAS S.
Publication of US20110126818A1 publication Critical patent/US20110126818A1/en
Assigned to MANITOWOC FOODSERVICE UK LIMITED reassignment MANITOWOC FOODSERVICE UK LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MERRYCHEF LIMITED
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
    • A21B—BAKERS' OVENS; MACHINES OR EQUIPMENT FOR BAKING
    • A21B1/00—Bakers' ovens
    • A21B1/02—Bakers' ovens characterised by the heating arrangements
    • A21B1/24—Ovens heated by media flowing therethrough
    • A21B1/245—Ovens heated by media flowing therethrough with a plurality of air nozzles to obtain an impingement effect on the food

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to new and improved air impingement nozzles, methods and ovens that use the nozzles for heating or cooling a product within the air streams coming out of the air impingement nozzles.
  • the improved impingement nozzles can be used in an oven for cooking food products.
  • Jet nozzles are used to provide impingement air to heat or cool a product in a variety of ovens, including countertop ovens, conveyor ovens, and the like.
  • Several known jet nozzles are shown in U.S. Pat. No. 6,817,283, which discloses an oven for cooking food products.
  • the jet nozzles are shaped and spaced to provide non-overlapping columns of hot impingement air that impinge directly on the surface of the food product.
  • a disadvantage of these nozzles is that the columns of hot impingement air develop hot spots that result in a pattern of overcooked and undercooked areas of the food product.
  • the jet nozzles are shaped and spaced to provide a plume or blanket of hot air at the surface of the food product.
  • the present disclosure describes a jet nozzle that provides hot air acceleration and a nozzle insert or member in the flow path beneath the jet nozzle that transforms the air flow to create a relatively thin thermal boundary layer of hot air at the surface of the food, utensil or any other material placed within the air stream that is characterized by an overall flow pattern at the surface of the food product that enhances the heat transfer to the product.
  • the member has a cone like or goblet like shape that causes the airflow to form a relatively thin bell-shaped flow ring after separating from the nozzle insert, which leads to a more homogeneous and high heat distribution cooking of food products.
  • an oven of the present disclosure comprises an oven chamber and a blower that is disposed to circulate air through the oven chamber.
  • An air impingement plate is disposed in the circulating air and is located to provide impingement air toward a product in the oven chamber.
  • At least one jet nozzle is disposed in the impingement plate.
  • a nozzle insert is disposed in relation to the jet nozzle to form about the nozzle insert a slot-shaped orifice through which the impingement air flows.
  • a shape of the slot-shaped orifice is selected from the group consisting of: curvilinear, ring, annular, polygonal, square, rectangular, elliptical, multi-point, jack and cruciform.
  • a shape of the nozzle insert is selected from the group consisting of: bell, goblet, cone, margarita glass, upside down filled wine glass, pedestal, maraca, mirrored pedestal, and filled wide bell.
  • the slot-shaped orifice has a thickness that produces an overall flow pattern at the surface of the product that enhances heat transfer to the product and a homogeneous heat transfer at a surface of the product.
  • the nozzle insert is selected from the group consisting of: solid and hollow.
  • a shape of the jet nozzle is selected from the group consisting of: a match with a shape of the nozzle insert and a non-match of a shape of the nozzle insert.
  • the jet nozzle is one of a plurality of jet nozzles that each have an associated nozzle insert in relation to the jet nozzle to form about the nozzle insert a slot-shaped orifice through which the impingement air flows.
  • the plurality of jet nozzles collectively provide a homogeneous and high heat transfer distribution at the product.
  • a temperature of the air is controlled by a unit selected from the group consisting of: heating and cooling.
  • a fastener fastens the nozzle insert to the impingement plate to vary an axial position of the nozzle insert relative to the impingement plate.
  • a heater is disposed to heat the circulating air, and wherein the product is a food product.
  • the oven is operated by steps comprising:
  • a shape of the slot-shaped orifice is selected from the group consisting of: curvilinear, ring, annular, polygonal, square, rectangular, elliptical, multi-point, jack and cruciform.
  • a temperature of the air is controlled by a unit selected from the group consisting of: heating and cooling.
  • a heater is disposed to heat the circulating air, and the product is a food product.
  • At least one jet nozzle is disposed in the impingement plate.
  • a nozzle insert is disposed in relation to the jet nozzle to form about the nozzle insert the slot-shaped orifice through which the impingement air flows.
  • a shape of the nozzle insert is selected from the group consisting of: bell, goblet, cone, margarita glass, upside down filled wine glass, pedestal, maraca, mirrored pedestal, and filled wide bell.
  • the slot-shaped orifice has a thickness that produces an overall flow pattern at the surface of the product that enhances heat transfer to the product and a homogeneous heat transfer at a surface of the product.
  • the insert is selected from the group consisting of: solid and hollow.
  • a shape of the jet nozzle is selected from the group consisting of: a match with a shape of the nozzle insert and a non-match of a shape of the nozzle insert.
  • the jet nozzle is one of a plurality of jet nozzles that each have an associated nozzle insert in relation to the jet nozzle to form about the nozzle insert a slot-shaped orifice through which the impingement air flows.
  • the plurality of jet nozzles collectively provides a homogeneous and high heat transfer distribution at the product.
  • a fastener fastens the nozzle insert to the impingement plate to vary an axial position of the nozzle insert relative to the impingement plate.
  • a jet nozzle is disposed in an air impingement plate and at least one nozzle insert is disposed in relation to the jet nozzle to form about the nozzle insert a slot-shaped orifice through which impingement air flows.
  • a shape of the slot-shaped orifice is selected from the group consisting of:
  • a shape of the nozzle insert is selected from the group consisting of: bell, goblet, cone, margarita glass, upside down filled wine glass, pedestal, maraca, mirrored pedestal, and filled wide bell.
  • a shape of the jet nozzle is selected from the group consisting of: a match with a shape of the nozzle insert and a non-match of a shape of the nozzle insert.
  • the nozzle insert is selected from the group consisting of: solid and hollow.
  • a fastener fastens the nozzle insert to the impingement plate to vary an axial position of the nozzle insert relative to the impingement plate.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the oven of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view along line 2 of the oven of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the electrical control of the oven of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the jet plate of the oven of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 5 is a profile view of a nozzle with nozzle insert of the jet plate of FIG. 3 ;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the nozzle of FIG. 5 attached to a section of the jet plate of FIG. 4 ;
  • FIGS. 7-12 are perspective views of alternate embodiments of the nozzle insert for the jet plate of FIG. 4 .
  • jet nozzles of the present disclosure can be used in any type of oven that uses impingement air.
  • the nozzles are described herein for use with a countertop oven.
  • an oven 30 of the present disclosure comprises a pair of side walls 32 and 34 , a back wall 36 , a top wall 38 , a bottom wall 40 and a front wall 42 .
  • Front wall 42 comprises a door 44 and a control panel 50 (shown in FIG. 3 ), which, for example, may be located above, below or beside door 44 .
  • a handle (not shown) is disposed on door 42 for opening the door in a pull down manner or a side rotatable manner.
  • Oven 30 comprises an oven chamber 70 defined by side walls 32 and 34 , back wall 36 , bottom wall 40 and a jet plate 72 . Jet plate 72 is disposed below top wall 38 .
  • Oven 30 further comprises a fan box 74 defined by side walls 32 and 34 , back wall 36 , top wall 38 and a wall 76 .
  • a fan 80 is disposed in fan box 74 and a heater 52 (shown in FIG. 3 ) is disposed on the high pressure side of fan 80 .
  • heater 52 may be located on the suction side of fan 80 .
  • heater 52 may be located in front of an opening 86 in back wall 36 that is at least partly in alignment with fan 80 .
  • Fan 80 may be any fan suitable for circulating air in an oven.
  • Fan motor 82 is axially connected to drive fan 80 .
  • Fan motor 82 may be a single speed or a variable speed motor that rotates in a single direction or in both directions.
  • fan motor 82 is a three phase cage induction motor suitable for inverter drive, preferably L7FWDS-638 manufactured by Hanning.
  • Heater 52 may be any heater (gas, induction, microwave, electric and the like) suitable for heating circulating air in a convection and/or impingement air oven.
  • heater 52 is an electrical heater having one or more heating elements disposed in a peripheral location of the blades of fan 80 .
  • An oven rack 84 is supported within oven chamber 70 by any suitable means that allows for proper location in oven chamber 70 (e.g., mounted to side walls 32 and 34 , bottom wall 40 , back wall 36 , front wall 42 , door 44 and the like).
  • Oven rack 84 may be a standard food rack, i.e., available off-shelf. In an alternate embodiment a plurality of oven racks 84 may be disposed in oven chamber 70 .
  • back wall 36 comprises a plurality of openings to provide a path for air to circulate between oven chamber 70 and fan box 74 .
  • Opening 86 is located above the bottom of back wall 36 .
  • a grease filter (not shown) may be mounted to back wall 36 to cover opening 86 , which is preferably at least partially in registration with fan 80 .
  • An opening 88 is located at or near the top of back wall 36 .
  • a catalyst structure (not shown) may be disposed in fan box 74 between fan 80 and back wall 36 .
  • the catalyst may be disposed adjacent back wall 36 in at least partial registration with opening 88 of back wall 36 and fan 80 .
  • Opening 86 may be configured to block microwave energy penetration in microwave embodiments.
  • the catalyst structure may be located in front of opening 86 .
  • a controller 54 is connected in circuit with control panel 50 , fan motor 82 , heater 52 and a temperature sensor 56 .
  • Controller 54 is operative in response to operator commands entered via control panel 50 to control fan motor 82 to drive fan 80 to circulate air from the high pressure side of fan 80 in a path that includes fan box 74 , opening 88 , jet plate 72 oven chamber 70 and opening 86 to the low pressure side of fan 80 as shown by the arrows in FIG. 2 .
  • Temperature sensor 56 may be disposed in oven chamber 70 to sense the oven chamber temperature.
  • Controller 54 is also operative in response to operator commands entered via control panel 50 and to temperature sensor 56 to control heater 52 to heat the circulating air to a desired temperature.
  • jet plate 72 comprises a plurality of jet nozzles 100 arranged in staggered rows and columns. It is contemplated that other patterns and shapes of jet nozzles 100 and insert 102 may be used. Jet nozzles 100 are shaped to provide high velocity shapes of hot or cold impingement air toward oven rack 84 . Disposed in each jet nozzle 100 is a nozzle insert 102 that is shaped to provide a predetermined air flow pattern 104 . Nozzle insert 102 preferably has a shape that generates a bell shaped flow pattern, which is relatively thin or has a thickness so as to generate overall flow pattern at the surface of the food product that enhances the heat transfer to the product.
  • Nozzle insert 102 is preferably cone shaped to produce the bell-shaped airflow pattern 104 .
  • Nozzle insert 102 may be either solid or hollow.
  • Nozzle insert 102 is disposed within jet nozzle 100 to form about nozzle insert 102 a slot-shaped orifice 126 through which the impingement air flows.
  • the bell shaped flow pattern is a function of the “contact” surface between the fluid or air in motion and the air not in motion and is much greater. Therefore, shear stresses show stronger effects, which means that vortices occur and the point of transition from laminar air to turbulent air moves further up-stream. towards the nozzle which results in a stronger turbulence level down-stream of the jet nozzle toward the food product.
  • the nozzle insert of the present disclosure advantageously leads to wider nozzle spacing and reduced distance between impingement plate 72 and the surface of the food product to achieve a more homogeneous air flow pattern.
  • the jet nozzles and jet inserts can be larger so that fewer are needed, which may allow the space between jet plate 72 and the food product to be greater.
  • the present disclosure contemplates that many embodiments are possible based on the size and shape of jet nozzle 100 and nozzle insert 102 and spacing may be increased as well.
  • Bracket assembly 110 comprises a bridge like structure comprising base portions 112 and 114 that are connected to ramp sections 116 and 118 , respectively, which are connected to a top portion 120 .
  • Base portions 112 and 114 are attached to a top side of jet plate 72 by any suitable fastener, such as a weld, an adhesive, screw, bolt and the like.
  • a stem 122 is attached at one end to nozzle insert 102 and at a distal end to top portion 120 of bracket assembly 110 by a bolt 122 or other fastener, such as a weld, adhesive and the like.
  • stem 122 and nozzle insert 102 are formed as an integral or unitary part.
  • the distal end may carry screw threads that screw into mating screw threads in a properly aligned hole in top portion 120 , thereby allowing for vertical adjustment of nozzle insert 102 to vary the vertical position of nozzle insert 102 with respect to jet nozzle 100 .
  • Nozzle 100 reduces pressure losses at the leading edge and guides the airflow smoothly.
  • the nozzle insert may have different shapes to provide different airflow patterns such as those shown in FIGS. 7-12 .
  • Nozzle insert 130 in FIG. 7 has filled margarita glass shape.
  • Nozzle insert 140 in FIG. 8 has an upside down filled wine glass shape.
  • Nozzle insert 150 in FIG. 9 has a pedestal shape.
  • Nozzle insert 160 in FIG. 10 has a Maraca shape.
  • Nozzle insert 170 in FIG. 11 has a mirrored pedestal shape.
  • Nozzle insert 180 in FIG. 12 has a filled wide bell shape.
  • a shape of the slot-shaped orifice is selected from the group consisting of: curvilinear, ring, annular, polygonal, square, rectangular, elliptical, multi-point, jack and cruciform.
  • a shape of the nozzle insert is selected from the group consisting of: bell, goblet, cone, margarita glass, upside down filled wine glass, pedestal, maraca, mirrored pedestal, and filled wide bell.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
US12/784,864 2009-05-22 2010-05-21 Radial jet air impingement nozzle, oven and method Abandoned US20110126818A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/784,864 US20110126818A1 (en) 2009-05-22 2010-05-21 Radial jet air impingement nozzle, oven and method

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US18057509P 2009-05-22 2009-05-22
US12/784,864 US20110126818A1 (en) 2009-05-22 2010-05-21 Radial jet air impingement nozzle, oven and method

Publications (1)

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US20110126818A1 true US20110126818A1 (en) 2011-06-02

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US (1) US20110126818A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2433057A4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010135693A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130186384A1 (en) * 2012-01-24 2013-07-25 Thomas Russell King Temperature Enhancing Air Plenum
US9677774B2 (en) 2015-06-08 2017-06-13 Alto-Shaam, Inc. Multi-zone oven with variable cavity sizes
US20170360157A1 (en) * 2016-06-17 2017-12-21 Nike, Inc. Energy Efficient Infrared Oven With Air Circulation
US9879865B2 (en) 2015-06-08 2018-01-30 Alto-Shaam, Inc. Cooking oven
US10088172B2 (en) 2016-07-29 2018-10-02 Alto-Shaam, Inc. Oven using structured air
US10337745B2 (en) 2015-06-08 2019-07-02 Alto-Shaam, Inc. Convection oven
AU2017422763B2 (en) * 2017-12-01 2019-12-05 Shanghai Ocean University Elliptical and funnel-shaped jet nozzle structure
US10890336B2 (en) 2015-06-08 2021-01-12 Alto-Shaam, Inc. Thermal management system for multizone oven

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4321809B1 (fr) 2022-08-02 2025-09-03 Arçelik Anonim Sirketi Four avec jets d'air et mécanisme mobile qui peut être ouvert/fermé sur les buses
EP4317802B1 (fr) 2022-08-02 2025-02-12 Arçelik Anonim Sirketi Four avec buses d'air et un plateau collecteur de liquide

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US2974580A (en) * 1958-03-17 1961-03-14 Patent License Corp Adjustable air outlet
US4287673A (en) * 1980-01-11 1981-09-08 Sunbeam Corporation Hair dryer diffuser
US4338911A (en) * 1976-05-19 1982-07-13 Smith Donald P Cooking apparatus
US4967645A (en) * 1989-11-27 1990-11-06 Micron Technology, Inc. Air shower with directed air flow
US5568802A (en) * 1994-11-18 1996-10-29 Buday; Gene Vertical oven
US6320165B1 (en) * 1999-03-23 2001-11-20 Pizza Hut, Inc. Impingement oven airflow devices and methods
US6376817B1 (en) * 1998-10-09 2002-04-23 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Compact quick-cooking oven
US6880545B2 (en) * 2003-08-28 2005-04-19 Gas Research Institute Dual conveyor jet impingement oven
US7264467B1 (en) * 2005-06-22 2007-09-04 International Thermal Systems, Llc Convection oven with turbo flow air nozzle to increase air flow and method of using same

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EP0057081A3 (fr) * 1981-01-24 1983-06-22 Clearplas Limited Buse d'aération pour système de chauffage ou de ventilation
GB2242605B (en) 1990-02-01 1994-03-09 Spooner Ind Ltd Baking methods and apparatus
US6817283B2 (en) 1999-08-04 2004-11-16 Lincoln Foodservice Products, Inc. High speed cooking device and method

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2974580A (en) * 1958-03-17 1961-03-14 Patent License Corp Adjustable air outlet
US4338911A (en) * 1976-05-19 1982-07-13 Smith Donald P Cooking apparatus
US4287673A (en) * 1980-01-11 1981-09-08 Sunbeam Corporation Hair dryer diffuser
US4967645A (en) * 1989-11-27 1990-11-06 Micron Technology, Inc. Air shower with directed air flow
US5568802A (en) * 1994-11-18 1996-10-29 Buday; Gene Vertical oven
US6376817B1 (en) * 1998-10-09 2002-04-23 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Compact quick-cooking oven
US6320165B1 (en) * 1999-03-23 2001-11-20 Pizza Hut, Inc. Impingement oven airflow devices and methods
US6880545B2 (en) * 2003-08-28 2005-04-19 Gas Research Institute Dual conveyor jet impingement oven
US7264467B1 (en) * 2005-06-22 2007-09-04 International Thermal Systems, Llc Convection oven with turbo flow air nozzle to increase air flow and method of using same

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130186384A1 (en) * 2012-01-24 2013-07-25 Thomas Russell King Temperature Enhancing Air Plenum
US9677774B2 (en) 2015-06-08 2017-06-13 Alto-Shaam, Inc. Multi-zone oven with variable cavity sizes
US9879865B2 (en) 2015-06-08 2018-01-30 Alto-Shaam, Inc. Cooking oven
US10088173B2 (en) 2015-06-08 2018-10-02 Alto-Shaam, Inc. Low-profile multi-zone oven
US10337745B2 (en) 2015-06-08 2019-07-02 Alto-Shaam, Inc. Convection oven
US10890336B2 (en) 2015-06-08 2021-01-12 Alto-Shaam, Inc. Thermal management system for multizone oven
US11754294B2 (en) 2015-06-08 2023-09-12 Alto-Shaam, Inc. Thermal management system for multizone oven
US20170360157A1 (en) * 2016-06-17 2017-12-21 Nike, Inc. Energy Efficient Infrared Oven With Air Circulation
US10791799B2 (en) * 2016-06-17 2020-10-06 Nike, Inc. Energy efficient infrared oven with air circulation
US10088172B2 (en) 2016-07-29 2018-10-02 Alto-Shaam, Inc. Oven using structured air
AU2017422763B2 (en) * 2017-12-01 2019-12-05 Shanghai Ocean University Elliptical and funnel-shaped jet nozzle structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010135693A1 (fr) 2010-11-25
EP2433057A4 (fr) 2012-12-26
EP2433057A1 (fr) 2012-03-28

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AS Assignment

Owner name: MERRYCHEF LIMITED, UNITED KINGDOM

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BEHLE, MARTIN;JONES, DOUGLAS S.;SIGNING DATES FROM 20100607 TO 20100613;REEL/FRAME:024781/0075

AS Assignment

Owner name: MANITOWOC FOODSERVICE UK LIMITED, UNITED KINGDOM

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MERRYCHEF LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:029868/0486

Effective date: 20121129

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION