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US20100024384A1 - Mode of work of gas-steam power unit with the closed contour of circulation of gas - Google Patents

Mode of work of gas-steam power unit with the closed contour of circulation of gas Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100024384A1
US20100024384A1 US12/518,252 US51825208A US2010024384A1 US 20100024384 A1 US20100024384 A1 US 20100024384A1 US 51825208 A US51825208 A US 51825208A US 2010024384 A1 US2010024384 A1 US 2010024384A1
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Prior art keywords
gas
steam
liquid
heat
heater
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US12/518,252
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Mikhail Yurievich Kudryavtsev
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/22Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

Definitions

  • This invention relates to gas-steam power plants with the closed contour of circulation of gas.
  • Mode of work of gas-steam power plant with the closed contour of circulation of gas is known, characterized in that they heat up gas in a heater, direct the heated gas into the gas turbine where transform a part of heat of this gas into mechanical work, then transfer the part of heat of this gas to liquid in heat exchangers connected in series on the way of a liquid that transfers into steam in these heat exchangers, after that they compress the cooled gas by the compressor and return gas into a heater for repeated heating, and direct the steam received from a liquid into steam turbines for transformation of steam energy into mechanical work (see a book by B. G. Ganchev, etc., under N. A. Dollezhal's general edition, “Nuclear Power Plants”, the Manual for High Schools, Moscow, Nuclear Power Publishing House, 1990, p. 124).
  • a liquid evaporates with big change of a temperature difference between gas and a liquid because the gas temperature decreases when gas is under cooling but the temperature of evaporating liquid is constant.
  • the big change of a temperature difference between gas and a liquid in the evaporator limits thermal efficiency of closed gas-steam cycle because of restriction of temperature of evaporating of a liquid at the preset parameters of the gas turbine.
  • the present invention is directed on decision of task of increasing the efficiency of transfer of thermal energy from heated gas into a liquid.
  • Technical result of the invention is the increase of thermal efficiency of gas-steam power plants with the closed contour of circulation of gas.
  • the mode of work of gas-steam power unit with the closed contour of circulation of the gas mode in that they heat up gas in a heater and direct the heated gas into the gas turbine where transform a part of heat of this gas into mechanical work, then transfer the part of heat of this gas to liquid in heat exchangers connected in series on a way of a liquid that transfers into steam in these heat exchangers, after that they compress by the compressor the gas that was cooled in heat exchangers, they return gas into a heater for repeated heating and direct the steam received from a liquid into steam turbines for transformation of steam energy into mechanical work, moreover they compress gas in the multistage compressor, install between stages of the compressor additional heat exchangers vaporizing a liquid by heat of this gas, and after evaporating of a liquid they heat up received steam in the steam heat exchanger installed by the first on a way of the gas after gas turbine, moreover in the second heat exchanger on a way of the gas after gas turbine they vaporize a liquid,
  • They can heat up gas in a heater, at least, in two stages, and after an outlet from the first stage they direct the heated gas into connected in parallel among themselves after the first stage of the heater additional gas turbines for transformation into mechanical work the part of heat of gas heated in the first stage.
  • Gas-steam power unit with the closed contour of circulation of gas contains a heater ( 1 ), connected to it gas turbine ( 2 ), connected in series on a way of a liquid the heat exchangers ( 3 ), ( 4 ) and ( 5 ), and the multistage compressor ( 6 ).
  • the heat exchanger ( 4 ) is vaporizer and the heat exchanger ( 3 ) is steam heater.
  • the additional heat exchangers ( 7 ) are installed. They are connected in parallel on a way of a liquid with vaporizer ( 4 ) and in series among themselves on a way of the gas through stages of the compressor ( 6 ).
  • the heater ( 1 ) is executed two-stage, and after first stage ( 8 ) of heater ( 1 ) the additional gas turbines ( 9 ) are installed in parallel.
  • Gas turbine ( 2 ) is connected to an outlet of the second stage ( 10 ) of heater ( 1 ).
  • the steam heater ( 3 ) consists of two sections ( 11 ) and ( 13 ), between them on a way of the steam is installed additional steam turbine ( 14 ). Second section ( 11 ) on a way of the steam is connected to the steam turbine ( 12 ).
  • Mode of work of gas-steam power unit with the closed contour of circulation of gas is as follows. They heat up gas in a heater ( 1 ), then direct heated gas into the gas turbine ( 2 ) where transform a part of heat of this gas into mechanical work, then transfer part of heat of this gas to liquid in heat exchangers ( 3 ), ( 4 ) and ( 5 ) connected in series on a way of a liquid and direct the steam received on an outlet of heat exchanger ( 3 ) into the steam turbine ( 12 ). They compress the cooled in heat exchangers ( 3 ), ( 4 ) and ( 5 ) gas by multistage compressor ( 6 ) and return gas into heater ( 1 ) for repeated heating.
  • additional heat exchangers ( 7 ) in parallel with vaporizer ( 4 ) on a way of a liquid they additionally vaporize a liquid by heat of gas, heated at stages of the multistage compressor ( 6 ). After vaporizing of a liquid they additionally heat up received steam in the steam heater ( 3 ), installed by the first on a way of the gas after gas turbine ( 2 ). They direct steam after steam heater ( 3 ) into the steam turbine ( 12 ) for transformation of steam energy into mechanical work of rotation of a shaft of the steam turbine ( 12 ).
  • a heater ( 1 ) can heat up gas in a heater ( 1 ), at least, in two stages ( 9 ) and ( 10 ), and after an outlet from the first stage ( 8 ) they direct the heated gas into connected in parallel among themselves after the first stage ( 8 ) of the heater ( 1 ) additional gas turbines ( 9 ) for transformation into mechanical work the part of heat of gas heated in the first stage ( 8 ).
  • This invention can be used at power plants, for example at nuclear power plants.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

This invention relates to gas-steam power plants with the closed contour of circulation of gas and can be used at nuclear power plants. They heat up gas in a heater (1), then direct heated gas into gas turbine (2) where transform a part of heat of this gas into mechanical work, then transfer part of heat of this gas to liquid in steam heater (3), vaporizer (4) and heater of a liquid (5) connected in series on a way of a liquid and direct the steam received on an outlet of steam heater (3) into steam turbine (12). They compress the cooled in heat exchangers (3), (4) and (5) gas by multistage compressor (6) and return gas into heater (1) for repeated heating. In additional heat exchangers (7) in parallel with vaporizer (4) on a way of a liquid they additionally vaporize a liquid by heat of gas, heated at stages of the multistage compressor (6). After vaporizing of a liquid they additionally heat up received steam in the steam heater (3), installed by the first on a way of the gas after gas turbine (2). They direct steam after steam heater (3) into steam turbine (12) for transformation of steam energy into mechanical work. The division of process of vaporizing of a liquid by heat of gas into steps located in series on a way of the gas through stages of the compressor (6) at parallel submission of the vaporizing liquid to these steps allows to reduce the change of temperature difference between gas and a liquid in vaporizers (4) and (7) in the number of times corresponding to number of these steps, i.e. to raise temperature of vaporizing a liquid without changing parameters of gas turbines. Due to it the increase in thermal efficiency of gas-steam power unit with the closed contour of circulation of gas is reached.

Description

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • This invention relates to gas-steam power plants with the closed contour of circulation of gas.
  • PRIOR ART
  • Mode of work of gas-steam power plant with the closed contour of circulation of gas is known, characterized in that they heat up gas in a heater, direct the heated gas into the gas turbine where transform a part of heat of this gas into mechanical work, then transfer the part of heat of this gas to liquid in heat exchangers connected in series on the way of a liquid that transfers into steam in these heat exchangers, after that they compress the cooled gas by the compressor and return gas into a heater for repeated heating, and direct the steam received from a liquid into steam turbines for transformation of steam energy into mechanical work (see a book by B. G. Ganchev, etc., under N. A. Dollezhal's general edition, “Nuclear Power Plants”, the Manual for High Schools, Moscow, Nuclear Power Publishing House, 1990, p. 124).
  • At this mode a liquid evaporates with big change of a temperature difference between gas and a liquid because the gas temperature decreases when gas is under cooling but the temperature of evaporating liquid is constant. The big change of a temperature difference between gas and a liquid in the evaporator limits thermal efficiency of closed gas-steam cycle because of restriction of temperature of evaporating of a liquid at the preset parameters of the gas turbine.
  • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention is directed on decision of task of increasing the efficiency of transfer of thermal energy from heated gas into a liquid.
  • Technical result of the invention is the increase of thermal efficiency of gas-steam power plants with the closed contour of circulation of gas.
  • The specified problem will be solved, and the technical result will be reached by the mode of work of gas-steam power unit with the closed contour of circulation of the gas, mode in that they heat up gas in a heater and direct the heated gas into the gas turbine where transform a part of heat of this gas into mechanical work, then transfer the part of heat of this gas to liquid in heat exchangers connected in series on a way of a liquid that transfers into steam in these heat exchangers, after that they compress by the compressor the gas that was cooled in heat exchangers, they return gas into a heater for repeated heating and direct the steam received from a liquid into steam turbines for transformation of steam energy into mechanical work, moreover they compress gas in the multistage compressor, install between stages of the compressor additional heat exchangers vaporizing a liquid by heat of this gas, and after evaporating of a liquid they heat up received steam in the steam heat exchanger installed by the first on a way of the gas after gas turbine, moreover in the second heat exchanger on a way of the gas after gas turbine they vaporize a liquid, in the third heat exchanger on a way of the gas after gas turbine they warm up a liquid up to the temperature close to temperature of boiling, withal simultaneously vaporize a liquid in the additional heat exchangers connected in parallel on a way of a liquid with heat exchanger vaporizing a liquid and in series among themselves on a way of the gas through stages of the compressor.
  • By a choice of a degree of compression of gas at stages of the compressor and by regulation of the flow of a liquid through heat exchangers they provide, preferably, identical temperature of gas in outlets of heat exchangers vaporizing a liquid.
  • They can heat up gas in a heater, at least, in two stages, and after an outlet from the first stage they direct the heated gas into connected in parallel among themselves after the first stage of the heater additional gas turbines for transformation into mechanical work the part of heat of gas heated in the first stage.
  • They can heat up steam in steam heat exchanger in series in two sections, moreover transform a part of heat of steam into mechanical work in additional steam turbines installed on a way of this steam between these sections and direct gas into these sections by parallel streams.
  • With considering that a liquid evaporates with big change of a temperature difference between gas and a liquid because the gas temperature decreases when gas is under cooling, but the temperature of evaporating liquid is constant, division of process of vaporizing of a liquid by heat of gas into steps located in series on a way of the gas through stages of the compressor at parallel submission of an vaporizing liquid to these steps allows to reduce change of said temperature difference in heat exchangers vaporizing a liquid in the number of times corresponding to number of these steps, i.e. to raise temperature of vaporizing a liquid without changing parameters of gas turbines. Due to it the increase in thermal efficiency of gas-steam power unit is reached.
  • By a choice of a degree of compression of gas at stages of the compressor and by regulation of the flow of a liquid through heat exchangers they provide identical temperature of gas in outlets of heat exchangers vaporizing a liquid. Due to it is possible to support the minimal temperature difference between gas and a liquid in these heat exchangers and accordingly to support the maximal temperature of vaporizing of a liquid.
  • They can heat up gas in a heater, at least, in two stages, between which transform the part of heat of this gas into mechanical work in additional gas turbines. It will allow to increase a degree of compression of gas and accordingly to increase thermal efficiency of gas-steam power unit without changing maximal temperature of gas.
  • They can heat up steam in steam heat exchanger in series in two sections, moreover transform a part of heat of steam into mechanical work in additional steam turbines installed on a way of this steam between these sections and direct gas into these sections by parallel streams. Giving of gas in parallel into sections of steam heat exchanger facilitates regulation of working regime of the steam turbine.
  • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • On the drawing the basic scheme of gas-steam power unit with the closed contour of circulation of gas is presented.
  • Gas-steam power unit with the closed contour of circulation of gas contains a heater (1), connected to it gas turbine (2), connected in series on a way of a liquid the heat exchangers (3), (4) and (5), and the multistage compressor (6). The heat exchanger (4) is vaporizer and the heat exchanger (3) is steam heater. Between stages of the compressor (6) the additional heat exchangers (7) are installed. They are connected in parallel on a way of a liquid with vaporizer (4) and in series among themselves on a way of the gas through stages of the compressor (6).
  • The heater (1) is executed two-stage, and after first stage (8) of heater (1) the additional gas turbines (9) are installed in parallel. Gas turbine (2) is connected to an outlet of the second stage (10) of heater (1).
  • The steam heater (3) consists of two sections (11) and (13), between them on a way of the steam is installed additional steam turbine (14). Second section (11) on a way of the steam is connected to the steam turbine (12).
  • DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
  • Mode of work of gas-steam power unit with the closed contour of circulation of gas is as follows. They heat up gas in a heater (1), then direct heated gas into the gas turbine (2) where transform a part of heat of this gas into mechanical work, then transfer part of heat of this gas to liquid in heat exchangers (3), (4) and (5) connected in series on a way of a liquid and direct the steam received on an outlet of heat exchanger (3) into the steam turbine (12). They compress the cooled in heat exchangers (3), (4) and (5) gas by multistage compressor (6) and return gas into heater (1) for repeated heating. In additional heat exchangers (7) in parallel with vaporizer (4) on a way of a liquid they additionally vaporize a liquid by heat of gas, heated at stages of the multistage compressor (6). After vaporizing of a liquid they additionally heat up received steam in the steam heater (3), installed by the first on a way of the gas after gas turbine (2). They direct steam after steam heater (3) into the steam turbine (12) for transformation of steam energy into mechanical work of rotation of a shaft of the steam turbine (12). In the second heat exchanger (4) on a way of the gas after gas turbine (2), as said above, they vaporize a liquid and in the third heat exchanger (5) on a way of the gas after gas turbine (2) they warm up a liquid up to the temperature close to temperature of boiling.
  • By a choice of a degree of compression of gas at stages of the compressor (6) and by regulation of the flow of a liquid through vaporizers (4) and (7) they provide, preferably, identical temperature of gas at an outlet from vaporizers (4) and (7).
  • They can heat up gas in a heater (1), at least, in two stages (9) and (10), and after an outlet from the first stage (8) they direct the heated gas into connected in parallel among themselves after the first stage (8) of the heater (1) additional gas turbines (9) for transformation into mechanical work the part of heat of gas heated in the first stage (8).
  • They can heat up steam in steam heat exchanger (3), as said above, in series in two sections (11) and (13), moreover transform a part of heat of steam into mechanical work in additional steam turbines (14) installed on a way of this steam between these sections (11) and (13) and direct gas into these sections by parallel streams.
  • INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
  • This invention can be used at power plants, for example at nuclear power plants.

Claims (4)

1. Mode of work of gas-steam power unit with the closed contour of circulation of the gas, mode in that they heat up gas in a heater and direct the heated gas into the gas turbine where transform a part of heat of this gas into mechanical work, then transfer the part of heat of this gas to liquid in heat exchangers connected in series on a way of a liquid that transfers into steam in these heat exchangers, after that they compress by the compressor the gas that was cooled in heat exchangers, they return gas into a heater for repeated heating and direct the steam received from a liquid into steam turbines for transformation of steam energy into mechanical work, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT they compress gas in the multistage compressor, install between stages of the compressor additional heat exchangers vaporizing a liquid by heat of this gas, and after evaporating of a liquid they heat up received steam in the steam heat exchanger installed by the first on a way of the gas after gas turbine, moreover in the second heat exchanger on a way of the gas after gas turbine they vaporize a liquid, in the third heat exchanger on a way of the gas after gas turbine they warm up a liquid up to the temperature close to temperature of boiling, withal simultaneously vaporize a liquid in the additional heat exchangers connected in parallel on a way of a liquid with heat exchanger vaporizing a liquid and in series among themselves on a way of the gas through stages of the compressor.
2. Mode according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT by a choice of a degree of compression of gas at stages of the compressor and by regulation of the flow of a liquid through heat exchangers they provide identical temperature of gas in outlets of heat exchangers vaporizing a liquid.
3. Mode according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT they heat up gas in a heater, at least, in two stages, and after an outlet from the first stage they direct the heated gas into connected in parallel among themselves after the first stage of the heater additional gas turbines for transformation into mechanical work the part of heat of gas heated in the first stage.
4. Mode according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT they heat up steam in steam heat exchanger in series in two sections, moreover transform a part of heat of steam into mechanical work in additional steam turbines installed on a way of this steam between these sections and direct gas into these sections by parallel streams.
US12/518,252 2007-01-23 2008-01-17 Mode of work of gas-steam power unit with the closed contour of circulation of gas Abandoned US20100024384A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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RU2007102267 2007-01-23
RU2007102267/06A RU2326247C1 (en) 2007-01-23 2007-01-23 Method of combined cycle power plant operation with closed circuit of gas circulation
PCT/RU2008/000019 WO2008091181A2 (en) 2007-01-23 2008-01-17 Mode of work of gas-steam power unit with the closed contour of circulation of gas

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103195577B (en) * 2013-04-11 2015-08-26 重庆大学 Gas turbine air inlet temperature regulating system

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US3043763A (en) * 1958-10-07 1962-07-10 Escher Wyss Ag Heat transfer system for nuclear power plant
US3466871A (en) * 1967-04-07 1969-09-16 Gen Motors Corp Turbine power plant
US3503208A (en) * 1967-07-27 1970-03-31 Sulzer Ag Co2 gas turbine power plant
US4037413A (en) * 1974-12-09 1977-07-26 Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet Power plant with a closed cycle comprising a gas turbine and a work gas cooling heat exchanger
US4841721A (en) * 1985-02-14 1989-06-27 Patton John T Very high efficiency hybrid steam/gas turbine power plant wiht bottoming vapor rankine cycle
US5431016A (en) * 1993-08-16 1995-07-11 Loral Vought Systems Corp. High efficiency power generation
US5715682A (en) * 1996-01-24 1998-02-10 Ebara Corporation Combined-cycle power generation system using waste matter as fuel
US6167706B1 (en) * 1996-01-31 2001-01-02 Ormat Industries Ltd. Externally fired combined cycle gas turbine

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2031213C1 (en) * 1992-05-08 1995-03-20 Научно-Производственное Объединение По Исследованию И Проектированию Энергетического Оборудования Им.И.И.Ползунова Steam-gas power plant
DE19736889C1 (en) * 1997-08-25 1999-02-11 Siemens Ag Operating method for combined gas-and-steam turbine plant
DE19745272C2 (en) * 1997-10-15 1999-08-12 Siemens Ag Gas and steam turbine plant and method for operating such a plant

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3043763A (en) * 1958-10-07 1962-07-10 Escher Wyss Ag Heat transfer system for nuclear power plant
US3466871A (en) * 1967-04-07 1969-09-16 Gen Motors Corp Turbine power plant
US3503208A (en) * 1967-07-27 1970-03-31 Sulzer Ag Co2 gas turbine power plant
US4037413A (en) * 1974-12-09 1977-07-26 Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet Power plant with a closed cycle comprising a gas turbine and a work gas cooling heat exchanger
US4841721A (en) * 1985-02-14 1989-06-27 Patton John T Very high efficiency hybrid steam/gas turbine power plant wiht bottoming vapor rankine cycle
US5431016A (en) * 1993-08-16 1995-07-11 Loral Vought Systems Corp. High efficiency power generation
US5715682A (en) * 1996-01-24 1998-02-10 Ebara Corporation Combined-cycle power generation system using waste matter as fuel
US6167706B1 (en) * 1996-01-31 2001-01-02 Ormat Industries Ltd. Externally fired combined cycle gas turbine

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WO2008091181A3 (en) 2008-09-18
RU2326247C1 (en) 2008-06-10
WO2008091181A2 (en) 2008-07-31

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