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US20100024802A1 - Heliostat support and drive mechanism - Google Patents

Heliostat support and drive mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100024802A1
US20100024802A1 US12/442,289 US44228909A US2010024802A1 US 20100024802 A1 US20100024802 A1 US 20100024802A1 US 44228909 A US44228909 A US 44228909A US 2010024802 A1 US2010024802 A1 US 2010024802A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
drive mechanism
mirror frame
pedestal
arms
movable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/442,289
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Glover Van Der Westhuyzen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eskom Holdings Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Eskom Holdings Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eskom Holdings Pty Ltd filed Critical Eskom Holdings Pty Ltd
Assigned to ESKOM HOLDINGS (PTY) LTD reassignment ESKOM HOLDINGS (PTY) LTD ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: VAN DER WESTHUYZEN, DAVID GLOVER
Publication of US20100024802A1 publication Critical patent/US20100024802A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/48—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with three or more rotation axes or with multiple degrees of freedom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/15—Bearings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

Definitions

  • THIS invention relates to a heliostat support and drive mechanism.
  • Heliostat support and drive mechanisms typically use a centrally mounted gear mechanism coupled to a torque tube to obtain azimuth and elevation movement. A very high degree of accuracy is required in this gear mechanism at an associated high cost.
  • the mirror frame connector attached to each of the drive mechanism may be a universal joint.
  • the fixed pedestal is typically a pole which is able to be inserted into the ground.
  • the drive mechanisms are worm-gears.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example embodiment of a heliostat support
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the heliostat support and drive mechanisms connected to a mirror support frame which is schematically illustrated.
  • a heliostat is a device that tracks the movement of the sun or a function thereof. It is typically used to orient a mirror, throughout the day, to reflect sunlight in a consistent direction towards a collection point. When coupled together in sufficient quantities, the reflected sunlight from a number of heliostats can equate to an enormous amount of heat if all are oriented towards the same target.
  • Heliostats have been used for sunlight-powered interior lighting, solar observatories and solar power generation.
  • heliostats include mirrors that track the sun and reflect the sunlight onto a central receiving point.
  • Most heliostat solar power systems consist of arrays of heliostats.
  • the simplest heliostat devices use a clockwork mechanism to turn the mirror in synchronisation with the rotation of the Earth. More complex devices need to compensate for the changing elevation of the Sun throughout a Solar year. Even more advanced heliostats track the sun directly by sensing its position throughout the day.
  • the heliostat If the heliostat is used to reflect the sun onto a stationary point, then the heliostat does not actually track the sun itself, but rather it tracks a point in the sky midway between the sun and the stationary receiver point.
  • a heliostat support 10 includes a fixed support pedestal 12 . This is usually inserted into the ground and supports the moving parts and reflectors of the heliostat.
  • At least two arms 14 are connected to the support pedestal 12 .
  • the arms 14 cannot move with respect to the support pedestal 12 .
  • each arm At the end of each arm is a drive mechanism support 34 .
  • the drive mechanism supports 34 can rotate with respect to their respective arm 14 about axis “B”.
  • each of the at least two arms 14 is a drive mechanism referred to hereafter as a first drive mechanism 16 and a second drive mechanism 18 .
  • Each drive mechanism is connected to one of the arms 14 by way of connectors 14 a and 14 b which form part of the drive mechanism supports 34 and which are movable with respect to the remainder of the drive mechanism support as they are able to rotate about axis “A”.
  • each drive mechanism 16 and 18 shown in FIG. 2 is effectively moveable with respect to the arms of the pedestal with two degrees of freedom.
  • Each drive mechanism 16 and 18 has a mirror frame connector 20 attached thereto to allow the drive mechanism to connect to a mirror frame 28 which is shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the connectors 20 in the illustrated embodiment are a universal type joint allowing movement in a plurality of directions.
  • the drive mechanisms are movable between an extended position in which the mirror frame connector 20 is extended away from the arm and a withdrawn position in which the mirror frame connector 20 is withdrawn towards the arm.
  • the drive mechanisms are independently movable. Thus they could both be extended or withdrawn to the same position or one could be totally or partially extended while the other could be simultaneously totally or partially withdrawn. In this way the drive mechanism are able to be independently controlled to point the mirror frame to the desired position.
  • the drive mechanisms are worm gears.
  • the worm gears are driven by motors incorporated in the drive mechanisms.
  • the motors are able to receive control signals to move the worm gears by a predetermined amount in a predetermined direction.
  • a central joint 22 is connected to the fixed support pedestal 12 for connecting to the centre of the frame 28 for supporting the reflector (mirror) element of the heliostat. This can best be seen in FIG. 2 which shows a portion of the frame 28 but does not illustrate any reflector attached to the frame.
  • the central joint 22 is movably connectable to the fixed support pedestal 12 so that it can rotate around the fixed support pedestal 12 .
  • the central joint 22 includes a horizontal axis joint 24 around which the central joint 22 can rotate.
  • the central joint 22 is attached to the pedestal 12 and attachable to the mirror frame 28 , the central joint being movable with respect to the pedestal in two degrees of freedom.
  • a face 26 of the central support can be pointed to any point in the sky perpendicularly.
  • the mirror frame 28 is connected to the central joint through opening 36 and can rotate with respect to the central joint.
  • the mirror frame 28 is thereby movable with respect to the pedestal with at least three degrees of freedom
  • the system thus has two extending arm mechanisms 16 and 18 placed to orientate the supporting frame.
  • the arms 16 and 18 are supported at a suitable distance from the pedestal to provide sufficient moment to overcome the forces and moments acting on the heliostat.
  • each of the arms 30 of the drive mechanisms 16 and 18 is extended or withdrawn by an appropriate amount to cause the mirror frame 28 to be moved with respect to the pedestal and thereby to point in the desired direction.
  • the frame 28 To allow motion of the frame 28 for supporting the reflector (mirror) element of the heliostat, more dimensional freedoms are required when compared to the standard design.
  • the frame has to be able to rotate about its centre in addition to the azimuth and altitude degrees of freedom.
  • the illustrated embodiment allows for approximately 110° movement around the azimuth and 90° around the vertical axis. This is a sufficient range of motion based on the requirements specified for a heliostat. As the azimuth range is less than 360°, the heliostat azimuth orientation is sensitive to its relative position in a heliostat field and each heliostat deployed has to be orientated individually.
  • the system does not have a central gearbox to orientate the mirror frame about the azimuth axis.
  • the mirror frame is supported at its centre no torque tube is required for rotation about the altitude axis.
  • no torque tube is required for the mirror frame the potential exists to significantly enhance the design of this structure, thus reducing the amount of material and mass and ease of assembly.
  • the ball worm gears 14 and 16 allow much faster angular displacement than the central gearbox traditionally used and the mirrors may thus be moved much quicker from one position to another, based on plant requirements.
  • azimuth gearbox currently used in heliostat technology has a very large gear ratio to provide the required forces and accuracy in positioning.
  • the technology has good reliability it remains a very expensive component in both the design and maintenance facets of heliostat applications.
  • the base of the application is that two extending arms are used to position the mirror frame in the desired direction and the mirror frame support has the required degrees of freedom for alignment.
  • the illustrated embodiment has the extending arm drive mechanisms placed orthogonally from each other. It would be possible to change these angles relative to each other and still satisfy the required operating conditions.
  • the loading profile evaluation in the prototype could depict which axes must be optimised.
  • the geometry of the structure (orientation of axes and lengths of arms) can be changed so as to optimise on material and other design factors.
  • the loading profile refers to the forces the structure is subjected to when placed in the field.
  • the drive mechanism may be changed from a ball screw to another linear actuator mechanism such as a hydraulic actuator.
  • joints in the illustrated embodiment could be changed to other types of joints which provide the same or more degrees of freedom.
  • roller bearings could be replaced with other mechanisms such as a ball joint.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mounting And Adjusting Of Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Telescopes (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
US12/442,289 2006-09-22 2006-09-22 Heliostat support and drive mechanism Abandoned US20100024802A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2006/002628 WO2008035132A1 (en) 2006-09-22 2006-09-22 A heliostat support and drive mechanism

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20100024802A1 true US20100024802A1 (en) 2010-02-04

Family

ID=38134328

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/442,289 Abandoned US20100024802A1 (en) 2006-09-22 2006-09-22 Heliostat support and drive mechanism

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20100024802A1 (es)
EP (1) EP2079966A1 (es)
CN (1) CN101553698A (es)
AU (1) AU2006348550B2 (es)
MX (1) MX2009002965A (es)
WO (1) WO2008035132A1 (es)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102072582A (zh) * 2010-12-30 2011-05-25 皇明太阳能股份有限公司 一种太阳能槽式集热器的集热管可调支撑装置
US20120067336A1 (en) * 2010-09-22 2012-03-22 Atomic Energy Council-Institute Of Nuclear Energy Research Device for Supporting a Sun-Tracking Unit of a Photovoltaic Module
US8168931B1 (en) * 2009-12-09 2012-05-01 Concrete Systems, Inc. Solar tracking device

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102124284A (zh) * 2008-08-18 2011-07-13 普拉特及惠特尼火箭达因公司 定日镜接头
CN101832672B (zh) * 2010-03-25 2011-12-14 徐国彬 太阳能集能网架结构
CN106291907B (zh) * 2016-09-30 2018-10-19 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 一种三自由度次镜调整装置
CN109101043B (zh) * 2018-07-23 2021-07-06 龙岩智康太阳能科技有限公司 双推杆驱动装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1945209A (en) * 1930-04-01 1934-01-30 Villard Marcel Compensated universal joint
US1988357A (en) * 1931-10-28 1935-01-15 Hounsfield Leslie Haywood Planimeter
US2033117A (en) * 1928-07-21 1936-03-10 Galion Iron Works & Mfg Co Mold-board elevating and lowering mechanism for road graders
US3572136A (en) * 1969-03-17 1971-03-23 Richard B Stanley Linear actuator
US4102326A (en) * 1977-09-28 1978-07-25 Sommer Warren T Central receiver solar collector using mechanically linked mirrors
US4154219A (en) * 1977-03-11 1979-05-15 E-Systems, Inc. Prismatic solar reflector apparatus and method of solar tracking
US4172443A (en) * 1978-05-31 1979-10-30 Sommer Warren T Central receiver solar collector using analog coupling mirror control
US4202321A (en) * 1978-05-30 1980-05-13 Volna William M Solar tracking device
US4226506A (en) * 1978-04-10 1980-10-07 Saint-Gobain Industries Swiveling solar reflector with multiple reflecting elements supported by prefabricated cambered members
US4252107A (en) * 1978-04-20 1981-02-24 General Electric Company Solar tracking concentrator
US4274712A (en) * 1979-01-24 1981-06-23 Sener, Ingenieria Y Sistemas, S.A. Solar radiation reflectors adapted to track the incident rays of the sun
US4368962A (en) * 1980-03-13 1983-01-18 Hultberg Donald E Solar tracking apparatus and system
US4383520A (en) * 1979-10-31 1983-05-17 Carl Hurth Maschinen-Und Zahnradfabrik Apparatus for the independent rotation of an aggregate about two axes which are positioned perpendicularly to one another
US4456332A (en) * 1980-04-07 1984-06-26 Atlantic Richfield Company Method of forming structural heliostat
US4466423A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-08-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Rim-drive cable-aligned heliostat collector system
US4832002A (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-05-23 Oscar Medina Unified heliostat array
JPH01287517A (ja) * 1988-02-02 1989-11-20 Kokuritsu Tenmondaichiyou 鏡面能動支持装置
US4890599A (en) * 1987-04-16 1990-01-02 Eiden Glenn E Solar panel mounting assembly
US4968355A (en) * 1989-04-14 1990-11-06 Johnson Kenneth C Two-axis tracking solar collector mechanism
US4979494A (en) * 1989-09-29 1990-12-25 Andersen John I Method and apparatus for generating thermal energy
US4995377A (en) * 1990-06-29 1991-02-26 Eiden Glenn E Dual axis solar collector assembly
US5325844A (en) * 1992-02-11 1994-07-05 Power Kinetics, Inc. Lightweight, distributed force, two-axis tracking, solar radiation collector structures
US5404868A (en) * 1992-03-31 1995-04-11 Vedanta Society Of Western Washington Apparatus using a balloon supported reflective surface for reflecting light from the sun
JPH11150409A (ja) * 1997-11-17 1999-06-02 Hitachi Ltd アンテナ駆動装置
US5979438A (en) * 1997-10-15 1999-11-09 Mitaka Kohki Co., Ltd. Sunlight collecting system
US6231197B1 (en) * 2000-03-20 2001-05-15 Mitaka Kohkico., Ltd. Heliostat for sunlight collecting system
US20030062037A1 (en) * 2001-10-02 2003-04-03 Hayden Herbert T. Celestial tracking apparatus and method of controlling wind stow therefor
US20030070704A1 (en) * 2001-10-16 2003-04-17 Hart Stephen P. Nonrotating pivotable solar panel
JP2003214798A (ja) * 2002-01-24 2003-07-30 Nec Corp 誘導装置、及び、誘導方法
US20040112373A1 (en) * 2002-12-09 2004-06-17 Derek Djeu Passive Solar Tracker for a Solar Concentrator
US6899096B2 (en) * 2003-05-06 2005-05-31 Mitaka Kohki Co., Ltd. Autonomous heliostat
US20050279953A1 (en) * 2004-06-18 2005-12-22 Leo Gerst Heliostat alignment system
US6984050B2 (en) * 2002-07-05 2006-01-10 Mitaka Kohki Co., Ltd. Heliostat for sunlight concentration system and method of controlling the same
US20100101560A1 (en) * 2008-10-27 2010-04-29 Seektech, Inc. Solar Reflector and Drive Control System
US7858875B2 (en) * 2005-09-29 2010-12-28 Enfocus Engineering Corp. Radiant energy conversion system
US7905227B2 (en) * 2004-03-30 2011-03-15 Energy Innovations, Inc. Self-ballasting solar collector
US8017895B2 (en) * 2007-12-12 2011-09-13 Mark K. Moser Apparatus for tracking a moving light source
US8381718B1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2013-02-26 Idealab Actuator for controlling rotation about two axes using a single motor

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HU51370A (es) * 1988-01-22 1990-04-30
US5980052A (en) * 1997-07-29 1999-11-09 Thor; Leifur Hayden Sun reflecting device
KR100754078B1 (ko) * 2003-03-18 2007-08-31 파워라이트 코포레이션 추적 태양열 집열기 조립체 및 설치물

Patent Citations (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2033117A (en) * 1928-07-21 1936-03-10 Galion Iron Works & Mfg Co Mold-board elevating and lowering mechanism for road graders
US1945209A (en) * 1930-04-01 1934-01-30 Villard Marcel Compensated universal joint
US1988357A (en) * 1931-10-28 1935-01-15 Hounsfield Leslie Haywood Planimeter
US3572136A (en) * 1969-03-17 1971-03-23 Richard B Stanley Linear actuator
US4154219A (en) * 1977-03-11 1979-05-15 E-Systems, Inc. Prismatic solar reflector apparatus and method of solar tracking
US4102326A (en) * 1977-09-28 1978-07-25 Sommer Warren T Central receiver solar collector using mechanically linked mirrors
US4226506A (en) * 1978-04-10 1980-10-07 Saint-Gobain Industries Swiveling solar reflector with multiple reflecting elements supported by prefabricated cambered members
US4252107A (en) * 1978-04-20 1981-02-24 General Electric Company Solar tracking concentrator
US4202321A (en) * 1978-05-30 1980-05-13 Volna William M Solar tracking device
US4172443A (en) * 1978-05-31 1979-10-30 Sommer Warren T Central receiver solar collector using analog coupling mirror control
US4274712A (en) * 1979-01-24 1981-06-23 Sener, Ingenieria Y Sistemas, S.A. Solar radiation reflectors adapted to track the incident rays of the sun
US4383520A (en) * 1979-10-31 1983-05-17 Carl Hurth Maschinen-Und Zahnradfabrik Apparatus for the independent rotation of an aggregate about two axes which are positioned perpendicularly to one another
US4368962A (en) * 1980-03-13 1983-01-18 Hultberg Donald E Solar tracking apparatus and system
US4456332A (en) * 1980-04-07 1984-06-26 Atlantic Richfield Company Method of forming structural heliostat
US4466423A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-08-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Rim-drive cable-aligned heliostat collector system
US4890599A (en) * 1987-04-16 1990-01-02 Eiden Glenn E Solar panel mounting assembly
US4832002A (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-05-23 Oscar Medina Unified heliostat array
JPH01287517A (ja) * 1988-02-02 1989-11-20 Kokuritsu Tenmondaichiyou 鏡面能動支持装置
US4968355A (en) * 1989-04-14 1990-11-06 Johnson Kenneth C Two-axis tracking solar collector mechanism
US4979494A (en) * 1989-09-29 1990-12-25 Andersen John I Method and apparatus for generating thermal energy
US4995377A (en) * 1990-06-29 1991-02-26 Eiden Glenn E Dual axis solar collector assembly
US5325844A (en) * 1992-02-11 1994-07-05 Power Kinetics, Inc. Lightweight, distributed force, two-axis tracking, solar radiation collector structures
US5404868A (en) * 1992-03-31 1995-04-11 Vedanta Society Of Western Washington Apparatus using a balloon supported reflective surface for reflecting light from the sun
US5979438A (en) * 1997-10-15 1999-11-09 Mitaka Kohki Co., Ltd. Sunlight collecting system
JPH11150409A (ja) * 1997-11-17 1999-06-02 Hitachi Ltd アンテナ駆動装置
US6231197B1 (en) * 2000-03-20 2001-05-15 Mitaka Kohkico., Ltd. Heliostat for sunlight collecting system
US20030062037A1 (en) * 2001-10-02 2003-04-03 Hayden Herbert T. Celestial tracking apparatus and method of controlling wind stow therefor
US6960717B2 (en) * 2001-10-16 2005-11-01 American Signal Company Adjustable solar panel
US20030070704A1 (en) * 2001-10-16 2003-04-17 Hart Stephen P. Nonrotating pivotable solar panel
JP2003214798A (ja) * 2002-01-24 2003-07-30 Nec Corp 誘導装置、及び、誘導方法
US6984050B2 (en) * 2002-07-05 2006-01-10 Mitaka Kohki Co., Ltd. Heliostat for sunlight concentration system and method of controlling the same
US20040112373A1 (en) * 2002-12-09 2004-06-17 Derek Djeu Passive Solar Tracker for a Solar Concentrator
US6899096B2 (en) * 2003-05-06 2005-05-31 Mitaka Kohki Co., Ltd. Autonomous heliostat
US7905227B2 (en) * 2004-03-30 2011-03-15 Energy Innovations, Inc. Self-ballasting solar collector
US20050279953A1 (en) * 2004-06-18 2005-12-22 Leo Gerst Heliostat alignment system
US7858875B2 (en) * 2005-09-29 2010-12-28 Enfocus Engineering Corp. Radiant energy conversion system
US8381718B1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2013-02-26 Idealab Actuator for controlling rotation about two axes using a single motor
US8017895B2 (en) * 2007-12-12 2011-09-13 Mark K. Moser Apparatus for tracking a moving light source
US20100101560A1 (en) * 2008-10-27 2010-04-29 Seektech, Inc. Solar Reflector and Drive Control System

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8168931B1 (en) * 2009-12-09 2012-05-01 Concrete Systems, Inc. Solar tracking device
US20120067336A1 (en) * 2010-09-22 2012-03-22 Atomic Energy Council-Institute Of Nuclear Energy Research Device for Supporting a Sun-Tracking Unit of a Photovoltaic Module
CN102072582A (zh) * 2010-12-30 2011-05-25 皇明太阳能股份有限公司 一种太阳能槽式集热器的集热管可调支撑装置
CN102072582B (zh) * 2010-12-30 2012-09-19 皇明太阳能股份有限公司 一种太阳能槽式集热器的集热管可调支撑装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008035132A1 (en) 2008-03-27
EP2079966A1 (en) 2009-07-22
AU2006348550A1 (en) 2008-03-27
MX2009002965A (es) 2009-06-26
AU2006348550B2 (en) 2011-04-28
CN101553698A (zh) 2009-10-07

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AS Assignment

Owner name: ESKOM HOLDINGS (PTY) LTD,SOUTH AFRICA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VAN DER WESTHUYZEN, DAVID GLOVER;REEL/FRAME:023300/0442

Effective date: 20090623

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION