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US20100008733A1 - Arrangement for Stabilization of a Floating Foundation - Google Patents

Arrangement for Stabilization of a Floating Foundation Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100008733A1
US20100008733A1 US12/498,710 US49871009A US2010008733A1 US 20100008733 A1 US20100008733 A1 US 20100008733A1 US 49871009 A US49871009 A US 49871009A US 2010008733 A1 US2010008733 A1 US 2010008733A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
mooring
arrangement
cables
endings
foundation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/498,710
Inventor
Henrik Stiesdal
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Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
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Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Assigned to SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: STIESDAL, HENRIK
Publication of US20100008733A1 publication Critical patent/US20100008733A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/442—Spar-type semi-submersible structures, i.e. shaped as single slender, e.g. substantially cylindrical or trussed vertical bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for the stabilization of a floating foundation, which is used offshore to carry a wind-turbine.
  • Floating foundations for wind-turbines are known from WO 2006 132 539 A1 and from WO 2006 121 337 A1 showing so called “spar-buoy”. These spar-buoy-types are fixed at a predetermined position by the use of one set of mooring cable.
  • FIG. 3 shows a typical spar-buoy foundation according to the state of the art.
  • a wind-turbine 1 is mounted on a tower 2 , which is supported by a spar-buoy foundation 3 .
  • First endings of the mooring cables 5 are attached to the spar-buoy foundation 3 at a certain position 4 , while second endings of the mooring cables are attached to anchors 6 .
  • the level of the position 4 is below the waterline WL.
  • the overturning moments are performed by waves and wind while the restoring moment is performed by the weight of the foundation, which acts on the lower end of the foundation.
  • FIG. 4 shows with reference to FIG. 3 typical operating loads of a normal spar-buoy foundation.
  • the whole structure is generally exposed to an arising overturning moment.
  • the overturning moment is defined as multiplication from a wind-load 8 , acting on the wind-turbine 1 , and a lever-arm 9 , which length is defined by the distance between a force centre and the mooring cable attachment 4 .
  • the overturning moment is additionally defined as multiplication from the wind load 10 , acting on the tower 2 , and a lever-arm 11 , which length is defined by the distance between the wind-load-force-centre and the mooring cable attachment 4 .
  • Last the overturning moment is additionally defined as multiplication from a wave and current load 12 multiplied with an arm-lever 13 , which is defined by the distance between this force centre and the mooring cable attachment 4 .
  • the restoring moment is the gravity load 14 of the balancing weight 7 multiplied with a lever-arm 15 , which is defined by the distance from the gravity force centre to the mooring cable attachment 4 .
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved arrangement for the stabilization of a floating foundation to be used offshore.
  • the arrangement for stabilization of a foundation is arranged to carry a wind-turbine mounted on a tower.
  • the foundation is fixed with a set of mooring cables.
  • First endings of the mooring cables are attached to the foundation at a certain position while second endings of the mooring cables are attached to the floor.
  • There is a second set of mooring-cables while first endings of the second set of mooring-cables are attached to the foundation near or at its bottom end. Second endings of the second set of mooring-cables are attached to the floor, too.
  • the inventive arrangement allows a higher stabilisation of the floating foundation, which is arranged to carry a wind-turbine.
  • the inventive arrangement is cheap and is easy to implement even at older locations, which are already at work.
  • FIG. 1 shows a spar-buoy foundation according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows with reference to FIG. 1 operating loads of the inventive spar-buoy foundation
  • FIG. 3 shows a typical spar-buoy foundation according to the state of the art.
  • FIG. 4 shows with reference to FIG. 3 typical operating loads of a normal spar-buoy foundation.
  • FIG. 1 shows a spar-buoy foundation according to the invention.
  • a wind-turbine 1 is mounted on a tower 2 , which is supported by a spar-buoy foundation 3 .
  • First endings of the mooring cables 5 are attached to the spar-buoy foundation 3 at a certain position 4 , while second endings of the mooring cables are attached to anchors 6 .
  • the level of the position 4 is below the waterline WL.
  • First endings of the mooring cables 17 are attached to the spar-buoy foundation 3 near or at the bottom end of the foundation 3 .
  • Second endings of the mooring cables 17 are attached to the anchors 6 , preferably. It is also possible to use another set of anchors for this mooring-cables 17 .
  • the two sets of mooring cables 5 and 17 serve to stabilise the foundation. Therefore the restoring moment will be a combination of a first moment, arising from the weight of the lower end of the foundation, and a second moment, arising from differential forces in the mooring cables 5 and 17 .
  • FIG. 2 shows with reference to FIG. 1 typical operating loads of the inventive spar-buoy foundation 3 .
  • the whole structure is generally exposed to an arising overturning moment.
  • the overturning moment is defined as multiplication from a wind-load 8 , acting on the wind-turbine 1 , and a lever-arm 9 , which length is defined by the distance between a wind-load-force-centre and the mooring cable attachment 4 .
  • the overturning moment is additionally defined as multiplication from the wind load 10 , acting on the tower 2 , and a lever-arm 11 , which length is defined by the distance between the wind-load-force-centre and the mooring cable attachment 4 .
  • Last the overturning moment is additionally defined as multiplication from a wave and current load 12 multiplied with a arm-lever 13 , which is defined by the distance between this force centre and the mooring cable attachment 4 .
  • the restoring moment is the horizontal component 18 of a second mooring cable force 19 , multiplied with an arm 20 from the attachment point AT of the second set mooring cables 17 to the attachment point 4 of the first set of mooring cable 5 .
  • the mooring arrangement of the spar-buoy foundation the same loading situation will lead to about 3 m displacement of the tower top and about 1.5 degrees maximum inclination. So the inventive arrangement leads to a higher stiffness.
  • first set of mooring-cable 5 and/or the second set of mooring cable 17 are fitted with tensioning devices, to allow an adjustment of the relative tautness of the particular set of mooring cable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

An arrangement for stabilization of a floating foundation, which is arranged to carry a wind-turbine mounted on a tower, is described. The foundation is fixed with a set of mooring cables. First endings of the mooring cables are attached to the foundation at a certain position while second endings of the mooring cables are attached to a floor. There is a second set of mooring-cables, while first endings of the second set of mooring-cables are attached to the foundation near or at its bottom end and while second endings of the second set of mooring-cables are attached to the floor, too.

Description

    CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
  • This application claims priority of European Patent Office Application No. 08012310.2 EP filed Jul. 8, 2008, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
    • FIELD OF INVENTION
  • The invention relates to an arrangement for the stabilization of a floating foundation, which is used offshore to carry a wind-turbine.
    • BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
  • Floating foundations for wind-turbines are known from WO 2006 132 539 A1 and from WO 2006 121 337 A1 showing so called “spar-buoy”. These spar-buoy-types are fixed at a predetermined position by the use of one set of mooring cable.
  • FIG. 3 shows a typical spar-buoy foundation according to the state of the art.
  • A wind-turbine 1 is mounted on a tower 2, which is supported by a spar-buoy foundation 3. There is a set of mooring cables 5. First endings of the mooring cables 5 are attached to the spar-buoy foundation 3 at a certain position 4, while second endings of the mooring cables are attached to anchors 6.
  • The level of the position 4 is below the waterline WL. There is a balancing weight 7 located on the lower ending of the spar-buoy foundation 3, which is relevant for the stability of the whole construction.
  • This kind of mooring-arrangement is simple and cheap. But the stability of the foundation relies only on gravity, so an equilibrium is established between overturning moments on the one hand and a restoring moment on the other hand.
  • The overturning moments are performed by waves and wind while the restoring moment is performed by the weight of the foundation, which acts on the lower end of the foundation.
  • FIG. 4 shows with reference to FIG. 3 typical operating loads of a normal spar-buoy foundation.
  • The whole structure is generally exposed to an arising overturning moment.
  • The overturning moment is defined as multiplication from a wind-load 8, acting on the wind-turbine 1, and a lever-arm 9, which length is defined by the distance between a force centre and the mooring cable attachment 4.
  • The overturning moment is additionally defined as multiplication from the wind load 10, acting on the tower 2, and a lever-arm 11, which length is defined by the distance between the wind-load-force-centre and the mooring cable attachment 4.
  • Last the overturning moment is additionally defined as multiplication from a wave and current load 12 multiplied with an arm-lever 13, which is defined by the distance between this force centre and the mooring cable attachment 4.
  • The restoring moment is the gravity load 14 of the balancing weight 7 multiplied with a lever-arm 15, which is defined by the distance from the gravity force centre to the mooring cable attachment 4.
  • When the overturning moment and the restoring moment are in equilibrium the structure shows an inclination angle 16.
  • If the restoring moment is “0” the foundation itself is not inclined. Any overturning moments lead to inclination of the foundation. So the operation of a wind-turbine is negatively affected by the inclination.
    • SUMMARY OF INVENTION
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved arrangement for the stabilization of a floating foundation to be used offshore.
  • This aim is solved by an arrangement as claimed in the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are subject of the dependent claims.
  • According to the invention the arrangement for stabilization of a foundation is arranged to carry a wind-turbine mounted on a tower. The foundation is fixed with a set of mooring cables. First endings of the mooring cables are attached to the foundation at a certain position while second endings of the mooring cables are attached to the floor. There is a second set of mooring-cables, while first endings of the second set of mooring-cables are attached to the foundation near or at its bottom end. Second endings of the second set of mooring-cables are attached to the floor, too.
  • The inventive arrangement allows a higher stabilisation of the floating foundation, which is arranged to carry a wind-turbine.
  • The inventive arrangement is cheap and is easy to implement even at older locations, which are already at work.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • The invention will be described now in more detail by the help of some figures, where:
  • FIG. 1 shows a spar-buoy foundation according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 shows with reference to FIG. 1 operating loads of the inventive spar-buoy foundation,
  • FIG. 3 shows a typical spar-buoy foundation according to the state of the art.
  • FIG. 4 shows with reference to FIG. 3 typical operating loads of a normal spar-buoy foundation.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
  • FIG. 1 shows a spar-buoy foundation according to the invention.
  • A wind-turbine 1 is mounted on a tower 2, which is supported by a spar-buoy foundation 3. There is a set of mooring cables 5. First endings of the mooring cables 5 are attached to the spar-buoy foundation 3 at a certain position 4, while second endings of the mooring cables are attached to anchors 6.
  • The level of the position 4 is below the waterline WL. There is a balancing weight 7 located on the lower ending of the spar-buoy foundation 3, which is relevant for the stability of the whole construction.
  • According to the invention there is at least another set of mooring cables 17. First endings of the mooring cables 17 are attached to the spar-buoy foundation 3 near or at the bottom end of the foundation 3. Second endings of the mooring cables 17 are attached to the anchors 6, preferably. It is also possible to use another set of anchors for this mooring-cables 17.
  • In this case the two sets of mooring cables 5 and 17 serve to stabilise the foundation. Therefore the restoring moment will be a combination of a first moment, arising from the weight of the lower end of the foundation, and a second moment, arising from differential forces in the mooring cables 5 and 17.
  • FIG. 2 shows with reference to FIG. 1 typical operating loads of the inventive spar-buoy foundation 3.
  • The whole structure is generally exposed to an arising overturning moment.
  • The overturning moment is defined as multiplication from a wind-load 8, acting on the wind-turbine 1, and a lever-arm 9, which length is defined by the distance between a wind-load-force-centre and the mooring cable attachment 4.
  • The overturning moment is additionally defined as multiplication from the wind load 10, acting on the tower 2, and a lever-arm 11, which length is defined by the distance between the wind-load-force-centre and the mooring cable attachment 4.
  • Last the overturning moment is additionally defined as multiplication from a wave and current load 12 multiplied with a arm-lever 13, which is defined by the distance between this force centre and the mooring cable attachment 4.
  • The restoring moment is the horizontal component 18 of a second mooring cable force 19, multiplied with an arm 20 from the attachment point AT of the second set mooring cables 17 to the attachment point 4 of the first set of mooring cable 5.
  • When the overturning moment and the restoring moment are in equilibrium the structure has a very small inclination angle.
  • In the normal mooring arrangement of the spar-buoy foundation as described in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 a typical high loading situation would lead to about 13 m displacement of the tower top and about 5 degrees maximum inclination.
  • According to the invention the mooring arrangement of the spar-buoy foundation the same loading situation will lead to about 3 m displacement of the tower top and about 1.5 degrees maximum inclination. So the inventive arrangement leads to a higher stiffness.
  • In a preferred embodiment the first set of mooring-cable 5 and/or the second set of mooring cable 17 are fitted with tensioning devices, to allow an adjustment of the relative tautness of the particular set of mooring cable.

Claims (15)

1.-5. (canceled)
6. Arrangement for stabilization of a floating foundation, comprising:
a floating foundation;
a first set of mooring cables, the floating foundation being fixed with the first set of mooring cables, wherein first endings of the mooring cables are attached to the floating foundation at a certain position and second endings of the mooring cables are attached to a ground; and
a second set of mooring cables, wherein first endings of the second set of mooring-cables are attached to the floating foundation near or at its bottom end and second endings of the second set of mooring-cables are attached to the ground.
7. The arrangement as claimed in claim 6, further comprising:
a wind turbine mounted on a tower, wherein the floating foundation is arranged to carry the wind turbine.
8. The arrangement as claimed in claim 6, wherein the certain position for the first endings of the first set of mooring cables is located below a waterline.
9. The arrangement as claimed in claim 6, further comprising:
a balancing weight located on a lower end of the floating foundation.
10. The arrangement as claimed in claim 7, further comprising:
a balancing weight located an a lower end of the floating foundation.
11. The arrangement as claimed in claim 8, further comprising:
a balancing weight located on a lower end of the floating foundation.
12. The arrangement as claimed in claim 6, further comprising:
anchors, wherein the second endings of the first set of mooring cables and the second endings of the second set of mooring cables are attached to the ground by the anchors.
13. The arrangement as claimed in claim 7, further comprising:
anchors, wherein the second endings of the first set of mooring cables and the second endings of the second set of mooring cables are attached to the ground by the anchors.
14. The arrangement as claimed in claim 8, further comprising:
anchors, wherein the second endings of the first set of mooring cables and the second endings of the second set of mooring cables are attached to the ground by the anchors.
15. The arrangement as claimed in claim 9, further comprising:
anchors, wherein the second endings of the first set of mooring cables and the second endings of the second set of mooring cables are attached to the ground by the anchors.
16. The arrangement as claimed in claim 6, further comprising:
tensioning devices, wherein the first or the second set of mooring cables is fitted with the tensioning devices to allow an adjustment of a relative tautness of the respective set of mooring cables.
17. The arrangement as claimed in claim 7, further comprising:
tensioning devices, wherein the first or the second set of mooring cables is fitted with the tensioning devices to allow an adjustment of a relative tautness of the respective set of mooring cables.
18. The arrangement as claimed in claim 6, further comprising:
tensioning devices, wherein the first and the second set of mooring cables are fitted with the tensioning devices to allow an adjustment of a relative tautness of the respective set of mooring cables.
19. The arrangement as claimed in claim 7, further comprising:
tensioning devices, wherein the first and the second set of mooring cables are fitted with the tensioning devices to allow an adjustment of a relative tautness of the respective set of mooring cables.
US12/498,710 2008-07-08 2009-07-07 Arrangement for Stabilization of a Floating Foundation Abandoned US20100008733A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08012310.2A EP2143629B1 (en) 2008-07-08 2008-07-08 Arrangement for stabilization of a floating foundation
EP08012310.2 2008-07-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20100008733A1 true US20100008733A1 (en) 2010-01-14

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US12/498,710 Abandoned US20100008733A1 (en) 2008-07-08 2009-07-07 Arrangement for Stabilization of a Floating Foundation

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US (1) US20100008733A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2143629B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101624964A (en)
ES (1) ES2408326T3 (en)

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US20120201608A1 (en) * 2011-02-04 2012-08-09 Sidney Irving Belinsky Foundation for offshore wind turbine and method and means for its transportation and installation in deepwaters
US20130233231A1 (en) * 2010-11-04 2013-09-12 University Of Maine System Board Of Trustees Floating Wind Turbine Platform and Method of Assembling
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US11225945B2 (en) 2019-05-30 2022-01-18 Principle Power, Inc. Floating wind turbine platform controlled to optimize power production and reduce loading
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