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US20090218075A1 - Coiled Heat Exchanger - Google Patents

Coiled Heat Exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090218075A1
US20090218075A1 US12/094,958 US9495806A US2009218075A1 US 20090218075 A1 US20090218075 A1 US 20090218075A1 US 9495806 A US9495806 A US 9495806A US 2009218075 A1 US2009218075 A1 US 2009218075A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
tubes
heat
exchanger according
elastic component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/094,958
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Stefan Schoenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Assigned to LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SCHOENBERGER, MANFRED STEFAN
Publication of US20090218075A1 publication Critical patent/US20090218075A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being spirally coiled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/005—Other auxiliary members within casings, e.g. internal filling means or sealing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/44—Particular materials used, e.g. copper, steel or alloys thereof or surface treatments used, e.g. enhanced surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coiled heat exchanger having a plurality of tubes, which are wound around a core tube, having a shell which delimits an outer space around the tubes.
  • Natural gas is continuously liquefied in large quantities in LNG baseload systems. Most of the time, liquefaction of the natural gas is accomplished by heat exchange with a coolant in coiled heat exchangers.
  • coiled heat exchangers are also known, both at temperatures below the ambient temperature all the way to the lowest temperatures as well as at high temperatures all the way to far above the ambient temperature. Basically, coiled heat exchangers can be used at every temperature for which its material is suited.
  • a coiled heat exchanger In a coiled heat exchanger, several layers of tubes are spirally wound on a core tube. A medium is piped through the individual tubes, and this medium exchanges heat with a medium flowing in the space between the tubes and a surrounding shell. The tubes are merged into one or more groups on the upper and lower end of the heat exchanger.
  • Coiled heat exchangers are known for their great internal elasticity. Because of the tubes that are formed as spiral springs, they are as such very elastic, and especially suited for neutralizing stress induced by thermal expansions or contractions and therefore permit a particularly high level of operating safety.
  • the invention is therefore based on the objective of further increasing the reliability of a coiled heat exchanger.
  • At least one elastic component that does not transfer heat is used in the coiled heat exchanger, which component comprises a metallic material and is arranged inside the shell and radially outside the bundle.
  • the intrinsic elasticity of the coiled tubes if applicable in connection with an elastic bearing of the tubes on their ends, imparted a coiled heat exchanger with such an excellent ability to neutralize thermal stress that additional measures in this direction were unnecessary.
  • thermal stress can reduce reliability during operation.
  • the invention does not target the conventional parameters, e.g., an increase in the intrinsic elasticity of the tubes or a change in the bearing of the tubes, but attains the above-mentioned objective by using a component that does not transfer heat radially outside the bundle. This makes it possible not just to neutralize stress, which occurs because of changes in temperature, but to compensate for greater stationary temperature differences and temperature gradients of the entire bundle vis-à-vis the outer or inner space.
  • Does not transfer heat should be understood in this case as a component whose surfaces do not come into direct contact during operation with the two fluids, between which the intended heat transfer is taking place. Of course, every component has a heat transfer effect through thermal conduction. This is not ruled out in the case of the term “does not transfer heat.”
  • the “bundle” in this case is understood as a geometric space in the form of a hollow cylinder, which is formed by the cylindrically symmetric section of the tube winding. It includes the helically coiled sections of the tubes and extends in the interior up to the cylinder shell surface, which touches the inside of the tubes of the innermost layer of tubes (without including the core tube itself), and outwardly up to a cylinder shell surface, which touches the outside of the tubes of the outermost layer of tubes. If a shroud is arranged between the shell and the outermost layer of tubes, the “bundle” no longer includes this shroud.
  • a component is arranged “radially outside the bundle” if it is at least partially situated radially outside the hollow cylinder formed by the bundle, i.e., in one of the spaces between the outermost layer of tubes and the shell or between the innermost layer of tubes and core tube, or in the interior of the core tube.
  • Components, which are arranged exclusively above or below the axial ends of the bundle, i.e., for example those that serve to position the ends of the tube, are not arranged “radially outside the bundle.”
  • the elastic component in terms of the invention can be arranged for example between two concentric tube bundles (see German Patent Application 102006033697 and the associated applications), between the outermost layer of tubes and the shroud or between the innermost layer of tubes and the core tube.
  • a component is designated as “elastic” in this case if its spring stiffness (spring constant) is less than that of the heat transferring components, particularly the tubes and the tube bundle.
  • the spring constant of the “the elastic component(s) that does/do not transfer heat” is in particular less than 80%, preferably less than 50%, less than 10% or less than 1% of the tube bundle. Its arrangement and elasticity is embodied in such a way that, during operation of the heat exchanger, the thermal stress in the tubes caused by the temperature expansion remains below the yield point of the tubes, in particular below two thirds of the yield point, preferably below 5% of the yield point of the tubes.
  • the elastic component that does not transfer heat has a metallic material, i.e., it is formed at least partially of one or more metallic materials.
  • a plurality of elastic components that do not transfer heat are preferably used in the invention radially outside the bundle.
  • the elastic component(s) that does/do not transfer heat are preferably connected positively, non-positively or in a sliding manner to a heat transferring component, in particular to at least one of the tubes.
  • the connection can be established directly, e.g., by welding or soldering, or even via one or more intermediate pieces, which have lower elasticity.
  • the elastic component can be coupled via one or more connecting pieces to one or more tubes.
  • the elastic component that does not transfer heat can also be a portion of a heat transferring component or be a formed-on part thereof.
  • a “connecting piece” represents an inelastic component and is in direct contact with at least one tube at at least two contact points, which as a rule are arranged at adjacent coils of the same tube.
  • the connection between the connecting piece and the tube is positive at these points and is formed in particular by suitable depressions in the connecting piece, which have approximately the shape of a cylinder shell segment for example.
  • the elastic component(s) that does/do not transfer heat can preferably in addition be connected positively, non-positively or in a sliding manner to a component that does not transfer heat.
  • the resilient elements can be connected non-positively on one side to one or more tubes and on the other side to the shell. This makes it possible, for example, to neutralize the thermal changes in length of the tube bundle, on the one hand, and the shell, on the other.
  • the invention can be used advantageously especially when the heat transferring components, particularly the tubes, have a coefficient of thermal expansion, which is greater than 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 1/K, in particular greater than 16.1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 1/K, in particular greater than 20 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 1/K.
  • the tube material can be comprised for example of stainless steel, particularly V2A, or of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the elastic component has a resilience in at least two opposing directions. It is elastically embodied for both tensile as well as compressive stress. The elastic component preferably has resilience in all directions.
  • At least two, in particular at least four, elastic components that do not transfer heat are arranged along the axis of the bundle.
  • an elastic coupling is possible over the entire height or a large portion of the axial extension of the bundle.
  • the locations of the elastic components with a different axial arrangement can have the same or different location of components in the tangential direction (circumferential direction), i.e., can be arranged directly next to one another or offset from one another in terms of their axial sequence.
  • At least two, in particular at least four, elastic components that do not transfer heat are arranged along the circumference of the bundle.
  • the locations of the elastic components with different tangential location components can have the same or different location of components in the axial direction (height), i.e., can be arranged at the same or different heights on the circumference.
  • a plurality of elastic components that do not transfer heat are preferably distributed over an entire cylinder shell surface outside or inside the bundle's hollow cylinder.
  • FIG. 1 is a first exemplary embodiment of an elastic component that does not transfer heat within the scope of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a second exemplary embodiment for the use of the invention in a coiled heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 1 depicts two elastic components 1 a , 1 b that do not transfer heat in terms of the invention. They can, as depicted, be embodied as spiral springs, but can also assume any other shape that causes its spring constant to be less than that of the heat transferring components (not shown in FIG. 1 ), in particular less than 80%, preferably less than 50%, less than 10% or less than 1% of the tube bundle of the coiled heat exchanger.
  • the elastic components 1 a , 1 b that do not transfer heat are connected non-positively on one side (bottom in FIG. 1 ) via a first intermediate piece 2 to heat transferring components such as tubes (not shown), e.g., by a joined connection.
  • the elastic components 1 a , 1 b that do not transfer heat are connected non-positively via a second immediate piece 3 to a component that does not transfer heat such as a shroud, which is arranged between the outermost layer of tubes and the shell of the coiled heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 2 shows a similar exemplary embodiment, which like FIG. 1 has two elastic components 1 a , 1 b that do not transfer heat and a first and a second intermediate piece 2 , 3 .
  • the first intermediate piece 2 is connected non-positively to the tubes of the outermost layer of tubes 4 , e.g., by a welded joint.
  • the second intermediate piece 3 is connected non-positively to a shroud 5 , e.g., by a welded joint.
  • the design of the components 1 a , 1 b , 2 , 3 is repeated at additional locations (for example 6 ), preferably in regular intervals.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further tube layer 7 as well as inelastic connecting pieces 8 , which are arranged between the two layers of tubes 4 and 7 .
  • the fundamental idea of the invention the use of an elastic component that does not transfer heat to diminish thermally induced stress, can also be used in all other types of heat exchangers, e.g., U-tube heat exchangers, straight tube heat exchangers or plate heat exchangers.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US12/094,958 2005-11-24 2006-11-07 Coiled Heat Exchanger Abandoned US20090218075A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05025682A EP1790932A1 (de) 2005-11-24 2005-11-24 Gewickelter Wärmetauscher
EP05025682.5 2005-11-24
PCT/EP2006/010651 WO2007059861A1 (de) 2005-11-24 2006-11-07 Gewickelter wärmetauscher

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20090218075A1 true US20090218075A1 (en) 2009-09-03

Family

ID=36091358

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/094,958 Abandoned US20090218075A1 (en) 2005-11-24 2006-11-07 Coiled Heat Exchanger

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20090218075A1 (ru)
EP (1) EP1790932A1 (ru)
CN (1) CN101313191B (ru)
AU (1) AU2006317168B2 (ru)
BR (1) BRPI0618970A2 (ru)
NO (1) NO20082829L (ru)
RU (1) RU2402732C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO2007059861A1 (ru)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190137185A1 (en) * 2016-05-12 2019-05-09 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Coiled heat exchanger having inserts between the shroud and the last pipe layer

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU168222U1 (ru) * 2016-03-31 2017-01-24 Российская Федерация в лице Министерство промышленности и торговли Российской Федерации (МИНПРОМТОРГ РОССИИ) Теплообменник
RU168223U1 (ru) * 2016-05-02 2017-01-24 Российская Федерация в лице Министерства промышленности и торговли Российской Федерации (Минпромторг России) Теплообменник

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2064901A (en) * 1935-05-25 1936-12-22 Babcock & Wilcox Co Digester
US3992169A (en) * 1975-04-18 1976-11-16 Cryogenic Technology, Inc. Refrigerated cryogenic envelope
US4105067A (en) * 1976-06-16 1978-08-08 Creusot-Loire Device for locating a layer of tubes in an enclosure
US4116270A (en) * 1975-07-30 1978-09-26 Ruf Fedorovich Marushkin Tubular coiled heat exchanger and device for manufacturing same
US4570703A (en) * 1982-02-08 1986-02-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Tube support grid and spacer therefor
US5213155A (en) * 1992-04-23 1993-05-25 The Atlantic Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for multiple locking a single row of heat exchanger tubes
US5379832A (en) * 1992-02-18 1995-01-10 Aqua Systems, Inc. Shell and coil heat exchanger
US5553665A (en) * 1995-01-10 1996-09-10 Phillips Petroleum Company Rod baffle heat exchangers utilizing dual support strip
US6401803B1 (en) * 2000-12-13 2002-06-11 The Atlantic Group, Inc. Stake for tube bundle

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DE1040055B (de) * 1955-09-30 1958-10-02 Siemens Elektrogeraete Gmbh In Waermetauscher eingebaute Rohrschlange
DE1501519B2 (de) 1965-04-30 1971-02-25 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Kreuzgegenstromer
NL6611018A (ru) * 1965-08-06 1967-02-07
GB1166941A (en) * 1966-01-07 1969-10-15 Hymatic Eng Co Ltd Improvements relating to Heat Exchangers
CH477666A (de) * 1966-04-01 1969-08-31 Sulzer Ag Wärmeübertrager
GB1267191A (ru) * 1967-12-21 1972-03-15
DE1912341C3 (de) 1969-03-11 1980-03-13 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Wärmetauscher mit schraubenförmig gewickelten Rohrlagen und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
SU1578524A1 (ru) * 1987-12-25 1990-07-15 Государственное Специальное Конструкторское Бюро Теплофизического Приборостроения Микрокалориметр
DE4115250C1 (ru) * 1991-05-10 1992-09-17 Man Gutehoffnungshuette Ag, 4200 Oberhausen, De
DE19517114A1 (de) 1995-04-12 1996-10-17 Linde Ag Rohrbefestigung bei gewickelten Wärmetauschern
DE19707475A1 (de) 1997-02-25 1998-08-27 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes
DE19848280C2 (de) 1998-10-20 2003-01-30 Linde Ag Wärmetauscher zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes
DE20314766U1 (de) * 2003-09-22 2003-12-11 Witzenmann Gmbh Haltevorrichtung für wendelförmige Leitungselemente
CN2725826Y (zh) * 2004-08-23 2005-09-14 中国石化镇海炼油化工股份有限公司 缠绕管式换热器的纵横向定距结构

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2064901A (en) * 1935-05-25 1936-12-22 Babcock & Wilcox Co Digester
US3992169A (en) * 1975-04-18 1976-11-16 Cryogenic Technology, Inc. Refrigerated cryogenic envelope
US4116270A (en) * 1975-07-30 1978-09-26 Ruf Fedorovich Marushkin Tubular coiled heat exchanger and device for manufacturing same
US4105067A (en) * 1976-06-16 1978-08-08 Creusot-Loire Device for locating a layer of tubes in an enclosure
US4570703A (en) * 1982-02-08 1986-02-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Tube support grid and spacer therefor
US5379832A (en) * 1992-02-18 1995-01-10 Aqua Systems, Inc. Shell and coil heat exchanger
US5213155A (en) * 1992-04-23 1993-05-25 The Atlantic Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for multiple locking a single row of heat exchanger tubes
US5553665A (en) * 1995-01-10 1996-09-10 Phillips Petroleum Company Rod baffle heat exchangers utilizing dual support strip
US6401803B1 (en) * 2000-12-13 2002-06-11 The Atlantic Group, Inc. Stake for tube bundle

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190137185A1 (en) * 2016-05-12 2019-05-09 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Coiled heat exchanger having inserts between the shroud and the last pipe layer
US10914526B2 (en) 2016-05-12 2021-02-09 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Coiled heat exchanger having inserts between the shroud and the last pipe layer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101313191B (zh) 2010-10-20
EP1790932A1 (de) 2007-05-30
WO2007059861A1 (de) 2007-05-31
RU2402732C2 (ru) 2010-10-27
CN101313191A (zh) 2008-11-26
AU2006317168B2 (en) 2011-08-18
NO20082829L (no) 2008-08-22
AU2006317168A1 (en) 2007-05-31
BRPI0618970A2 (pt) 2011-09-20
RU2008125200A (ru) 2009-12-27

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SCHOENBERGER, MANFRED STEFAN;REEL/FRAME:022097/0458

Effective date: 20080526

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION