Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
  • D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
  • D21H17/15—Polycarboxylic acids, e.g. maleic acid
  • D21H17/16—Addition products thereof with hydrocarbons
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/02—Material of vegetable origin
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
  • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
  • D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents

Definitions

• the present invention relates to new aqueous emulsions for paper sizing, using fatty acid anhydrides (FAA).
• FAA fatty acid anhydrides
• Patent DE 1 213 221 describes the preparation of dispersions of fatty acid anhydrides for paper sizing.
• the fatty acid anhydrides are then emulsified above their melting point in cationic starch in the presence of anionic agents.
• the method suppresses formation of anhydride aggregates, which could lead to precipitation in the dispersion.
• Stearic anhydride is mentioned as example, which is present as solid particles at room temperature, and therefore less exposed to hydrolysis. Nevertheless, rapid hydrolysis must be taken into account due to the high reactivity of anhydrides.
• U.S. Pat. No. 3,409,500 describes a method for sizing with fatty acid anhydrides, together with a water-soluble cellulose-substantive cationic polyamine.
• anhydride used consists of a solid-in-liquid dispersion, which is formed by rapid cooling of an emulsion.
• Stearic anhydride is mentioned as fatty acid anhydride.
• Storage stability is only conditionally present in this production method as well. This limitation is also decisive, in that fatty acid anhydrides, in addition to the more stable, but also less reactive alkyl ketene dimers (AKD), are not claimed in the application as sizing agents.
• ASA Alkenylsuccinic anhydrides
• liquid fatty acid anhydrides produces very effective sizing systems. Because of the liquid state of aggregation, the FAA can be emulsified right before use on the paper machine. Contact time with the aqueous system can thereby be minimized and undesired hydrolysis suppressed.
• the FAA can be added directly to the aqueous phase and emulsified via an appropriate homogenizer, as used in the ASA metering systems. Emulsifiers can be used, but are not absolutely necessary. An aqueous phase containing starch during emulsion formation has a positive effect on cellulose substantivity.
• liquid fatty acid anhydrides anhydrides of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids or their mixtures with chain lengths of C 12 -C 24 ; mixed anhydrides from these fatty acids or fatty acid mixtures and acetic acid; anhydrides produced from mixtures of the mentioned fatty acids and resin acids.
• the invention is not restricted to the origin of the employed fatty acids.
• Possible raw material sources are: tall oil fatty acids, plant fatty acids from sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, linseed oil, animal oil.
• Resin acids may consist, for example, of balsam resin, tall resin, wood rosin or mixtures thereof.
• the invention is also not restricted to a specific preparation of the fatty acid anhydrides.
• a simple and known method is conversion of fatty acids with acetic anhydride with subsequent elimination of acetic acid.
• the acetic acid can be worked up again into anhydride and circulated.
• Liquid FAA can be used together with another sizing system. Because of the liquid form, the FAA is miscible in any ratio with ASA. A synergistic effect can be observed in the sizing effect by the use of combinations of ASA and FAA. Adjustment of the desired end product properties can therefore be produced via a mixing ratio.
• Aluminum salts have an unexpectedly positive effect on the sizing effect of FAA. These include, inter alia, aluminum sulfates or polyaluminum chloride (PAC).
• PAC polyaluminum chloride
• FAA are compatible with calcium-loaded water systems. At the usual pH values in paper-making, no buildup of deposits of a tacky consistency occurs, as is known of ASA under certain circumstances.
• the sizing system of the invention is based on raw materials that are present in the original paper raw material, the wood.
• the sizing agent therefore once again assumes this task in modified form, a task is inherent to it for achieving the original plant properties.
• tall oil fatty acid and acetic anhydride are added in equimolar amounts to the reactor and converted at 120° C. After 5 hours, the formed acetic acid is withdrawn under vacuum, in which a temperature of 150° C. is not exceeded. Yield of fatty acid anhydride: 91.6%.
• the employed pulp was a bleached kraft pulp with a 70% long fiber and 30% short fiber percentage, ground to a Schopper-Riegler angle of 30°.
• Aluminum sulfate was added as fixing agent.
• the optimal amount of aluminum sulfate was determined beforehand by recording a concentration curve for each sizing agent. In the experiments with the filler calcium carbonate, 20% of it was used, with reference to dry paper.
• the Cobb 60 value describes water absorption in g/m 2 in 60 seconds.
• Size 1 Anhydride from 100% tall oil fatty acid
• Size 2 Anhydride from 50% tall oil fatty acid and 50% tall oil resin
• Size 3 Usual cationic resin dispersion for paper sizing
• Size 4 Solid anhydride from tall oil resin according to U.S. Pat. No. 3,582,464.
• the active content of the sizing agent is stated with the amount of size.
• the amounts relate to t of dry paper.
• Size 2 prepared from tall oil fatty acid and tall oil resin, was mixed with C18-ASA in different concentrations and tested for sizing effect, as described in example 2.
• Anhydride sizes prepared from mixtures of tall oil fatty acid and tall oil resin, were mixed with C18-ASA 1:1 and tested for sizing effect as described in example 2.
• the aluminum sulfate amounts were optimized here too relative to the sizing agent.
• the contents pertain to anhydride size compositions.
• Size 2 was used with different aluminum salts, as in example 2.
• Size Amount of size Al salt Amount Al salt Cobb 60 1 0.9 kg/t — — 47 1 0.9 kg/t Al sulfate 0.07% 30 1 0.9 kg/t PAC 0.07% 29 1 1.2 kg/t — — 30 2 0.7 kg/t — — 54 2 0.7 kg/t Al sulfate 0.07% 29 2 0.7 kg/t PAC 0.08% 29 2 1.2 kg/t — — 30

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• 2005
  • 2005-12-23 AT AT0206505A patent/AT503093B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2006
  • 2006-12-22 US US12/158,887 patent/US20090095431A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-12-22 WO PCT/AT2006/000538 patent/WO2007070912A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2006-12-22 EP EP06817498A patent/EP1966439A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-12-22 RU RU2008130525/12A patent/RU2418902C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation

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