US20090044523A1 - Apparatus for combusting collected diesel exhaust material from aftertreatment devices and method - Google Patents
Apparatus for combusting collected diesel exhaust material from aftertreatment devices and method Download PDFInfo
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- US20090044523A1 US20090044523A1 US11/817,565 US81756506A US2009044523A1 US 20090044523 A1 US20090044523 A1 US 20090044523A1 US 81756506 A US81756506 A US 81756506A US 2009044523 A1 US2009044523 A1 US 2009044523A1
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- heating element
- aftertreatment device
- housing
- air
- temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D41/00—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements outside the filter for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D41/04—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements outside the filter for liquid or gaseous fluids of rigid self-supporting filtering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/48—Removing dust other than cleaning filters, e.g. by using collecting trays
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0233—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles periodically cleaning filter by blowing a gas through the filter in a direction opposite to exhaust flow, e.g. exposing filter to engine air intake
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0237—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles for regenerating ex situ
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
- B01D2279/30—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for treatment of exhaust gases from IC Engines
Definitions
- Aftertreatment devices have been developed to satisfy these increasingly stringent standards.
- catalytic converters have been used to reduce the concentration of pollutant gases (e.g., hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, etc.) exhausted by engines.
- pollutant gases e.g., hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, etc.
- diesel particulate filters have been used to reduce the concentration of particulate matter (e.g., soot) in the exhaust stream.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,851,015 which is hereby incorporated by reference, discloses an example diesel particulate filter.
- Other example types of aftertreatment devices include lean NOx catalyst devices, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst devices, lean NOx traps, or other device for removing for removing pollutants from engine exhaust streams.
- SCR selective catalytic reduction
- aftertreatment devices are often clamped into an exhaust system as modules or separate units.
- clamps can be provided at flange interfaces located opposite adjacent opposite ends of the aftertreatment devices. By removing the end clamps, a given aftertreatment device can be removed from its corresponding exhaust system for servicing.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vent and hood assembly of the cleaner of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an aftertreatment device cleaner including the control system of FIG. 9 ;
- a cleaner in which a heating element is positioned.
- a compressed air outlet is provided beneath the heating element.
- An ash collection container is mounted beneath the compressed air outlet.
- a hood is provided for venting the products of combustion from the cabinet.
- a blower or fan can be used to force air into the cabinet for facilitating venting the products of combustion through the hood.
- a diesel particulate filter or other aftertreatment device is mounted over the heating element and the heating element is heated to start the combustion process.
- pulses of air from the compressed air outlet are directed into the region beneath the heating element. The pulses move through the diesel particulate filter or other aftertreatment device to enhance the combustion process.
- Air nozzles used in generating the pulses can be aimed directly at the diesel particulate filter being serviced or away from the diesel particulate filter being serviced.
- Diesel particulate filter substrates can have a variety of known configurations.
- An exemplary configuration includes a monolith ceramic substrate having a “honey-comb” configuration of plugged passages as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,851,015 that is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- This type of filter can be referred to as a wall-flow trap or filter.
- Common materials used for wall-flow filters include silicon carbide and cordierite. Wire mesh, corrugated metal foil and other flow-through type filter configurations can also be used.
- the filter substrate can include a catalyst.
- Exemplary catalysts include precious metals such as platinum, palladium and rhodium, and other types of components such as base metals or zeolites.
- the ash collection container 42 is clamped (e.g., with v-band clamp 116 ) to the lower flanged end of the second pipe section 104 .
- the ash collection container 42 includes a main bin 43 having an open top end covered by a lid 45 .
- a pipe section 47 is mounted at the center of the lid 45 .
- the pipe section 47 extends though the lid 45 and has a flanged upper end that can be clamped to the lower flanged end of the second pipe section 104 .
- the lid 45 is removable from the bin 43 to allow ash to be emptied from the bin 43 .
- the outlet 45 is in fluid communication with a source of compressed air 124 via the line 122 .
- a controller 126 controls the amount of air provided to the outlet 45 .
- the flow can be controlled/metered to control the rate of combustion at the aftertreatment device being serviced.
- the controller interfaces with a solenoid 128 that opens and closes to provide pulses of air to the outlet 45 .
- the source of compressed air has a pressure of at least 60 pounds per square inch (psi), or in the range of 60-100 psi, or preferably about 90 psi.
- flow rates preferably in the range of 0.5-2.0 standard cubic feet per minute (SCFM) are provided beneath the heating element during regeneration.
- SCFM standard cubic feet per minute
- pulses having durations in the range of 0.25-1 s, a pulse frequency of about 2-15 or 2-8 pulses per minute, and a flow rate in the range of 0.5-2.5 SCFM or 0.75-1.25 SCFM are provided beneath the heating element.
- the pulses of air provide a number of functions. For example, the air pulses impinge on the aftertreatment device causing soot and ash packed on the device to be dislodged and to fall into the container 42 .
- the upward flow of air also carries and distributes heat evenly through the aftertreatment device.
- the air flow rate By controlling the air flow rate, the amount of oxygen supplied to the aftertreatment device can also be controlled to control the core temperature and combustion rate.
- the high pressure air pulse can penetrate soot built-up on the diesel particulate filter.
- a blower 70 or fan is also mounted in the housing 22 .
- a wall 52 (see FIG. 4 ) separates the blower 50 from the chamber 23 .
- a hose 54 provides fluid communication between the blower 50 and the interior of the main chamber. The blower 70 forces air into the main chamber to facilitate venting the products of combustion from the chamber.
- the heating element 50 turned off and the air flow is increased during the cool-down.
- the flow rate is increased to at least 1.5 times the regeneration air flow rate.
- the pulse rate can be increased to 0.5 second on and 4-10 s or 7.5 to 10 seconds off).
- the cool-down period can often extend for 2-3 hours.
- the front door 40 can be opened to remove the clean DPF. Thereafter, another DPF can be mounted on the heating element 50 and the process can be repeated.
- the controller 326 further interfaces with an electronic latch 416 (e.g., a solenoid of other structure), a door sensor 418 (e.g., a push switch or other structure), a fan 420 , an aftertreatment device sensor 422 (e.g., a proximity sensor or other device for detecting the presence of an aftertreatment device above the heating element) and a cabinet temperature sensor 224 (e.g., a thermometer, temperature switch or other structure for providing feedback regarding temperature).
- the electronic latch 416 prevents the cabinet door from being opened during heating operations. If it is necessary to open the cabinet door during heating operations, the emergency stop button 410 can be pressed to stop heating operations and override the latch 416 .
- the door sensor 418 senses whether the cabinet door is opened or closed.
- the controller 326 also interfaces with a solenoid 426 and an air pressure sensor 428 .
- the solenoid 426 receives compressed air from a source of compressed air 430 , and is used by the controller 326 to control the pulses (e.g., duration and timing) of air provided to the compressed air outlet 345 .
- the pressure sensor 428 reads whether sufficient pressure is being provided to the solenoid. If sufficient pressure is not present, the controller will either terminate heating operations if heating operations are ongoing, or will prevent heating operations from being started.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a heat cleaner 320 including the control system of FIG. 9 .
- the cleaner 320 includes cabinet 321 , DPF mounting table 323 , heating element 350 and ash collection container 342 .
- the DPF mounting table 323 has a central opening at which the heating element is positioned.
- a DPF retaining arrangement is provided at the top of the table 323 .
- the retaining arrangement includes three sets of slide locks/bars (only two sets are visible) secured to the table 323 by fasteners (e.g., bolts).
- Each set of slide bars includes an upper bar 370 and a lower bar 371 .
- the sets of slide bars 370 are spaced at about 120 degree increments about the heating element 350 .
- the upper slide bars 370 have elongated holes 373 for receiving fasteners 377 . By loosening the fasteners, the upper bars 370 can be slid back away from the heating element 350 along the top sides of the bars 371 to allow a DPF 375 to be placed on top of the heating element 350 . Once the DPF 375 is in place, the upper slide bars 370 can be slid toward the DPF to position where the bars 370 overlap the lower flange of the DPF 375 . The slide bars 370 can then be tightened down with the fasteners 377 such that the bars 370 firmly clamp the DPF 375 in place against the top side of the heating element 350 .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for combusting soot from a diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment device. The apparatus includes a cabinet having a housing, a heating element positioned within the housing of the cabinet, and a mounting arrangement for securing the diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment device above the heating element. The apparatus also includes an ash collection container mounted beneath a floor of the housing for collecting ash that falls from the diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment device during heating.
Description
- This application is being filed on 18 Jan. 2006 as a PCT International Patent application in the name of Donaldson Company, Inc., a U.S. national corporation, applicant for the designation of all countries except the US, and Wayne M. Wagner, Mary Joanne Lorenzen, and John T. Herman, all citizens of the U.S., applicants for the designation of the US only, and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/658,612, filed Mar. 4, 2005.
- The present invention relates generally to devices and methods for servicing/cleaning diesel particulate filters or other aftertreatment devices.
- To reduce air pollution, engine exhaust emissions standards have become increasingly more stringent. Aftertreatment devices have been developed to satisfy these increasingly stringent standards. For example, catalytic converters have been used to reduce the concentration of pollutant gases (e.g., hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, etc.) exhausted by engines. With respect to diesel engines, diesel particulate filters have been used to reduce the concentration of particulate matter (e.g., soot) in the exhaust stream. U.S. Pat. No. 4,851,015, which is hereby incorporated by reference, discloses an example diesel particulate filter. Other example types of aftertreatment devices include lean NOx catalyst devices, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst devices, lean NOx traps, or other device for removing for removing pollutants from engine exhaust streams.
- At times, it is required to service aftertreatment devices. To facilitate servicing, aftertreatment devices are often clamped into an exhaust system as modules or separate units. For example, clamps can be provided at flange interfaces located opposite adjacent opposite ends of the aftertreatment devices. By removing the end clamps, a given aftertreatment device can be removed from its corresponding exhaust system for servicing.
- In use, aftertreatment devices occasionally become overloaded with soot, ash or other materials present in or generated from engine exhaust. As aftertreatment devices become overloaded, the devices cause undesirable backpressure in their corresponding exhaust systems. When an aftertreatment device becomes plugged to the point where excessive backpressure is a concern, it is recommended to remove the device from its corresponding exhaust system for servicing. To service a device such as a diesel particulate filter, it is known to manually move a focused stream of pressurized air back and forth across the outlet side of the filter to loosen soot/ash that has collected on the filter. For example, a compressed air gun (e.g., 50-100 psi) can be used as a source of pressurized air. Simultaneously, an industrial vacuum device is coupled to the inlet side of the filter. The vacuum device is typically equipped with a high-efficiency particulate air filter or ultra-low penetration air filter for collecting the soot/ash that is blown from the filter by the pressurized air. Total time for cleaning the filter depends on the size of the filter, but is typically 30-50 minutes. However, the small volume of compressed air typically provided from a compressed air nozzle can often diffuse rapidly into the porous core of the aftertreatment device thereby limiting effectiveness.
- Diesel particulate filters can also be cleaned by using a heating process to combust material captured on the filters. It is known to use ovens for heating the diesel particulate filter. When heating filters in an oven, filters have been known to crack because the combustion is uncontrolled.
- What is needed is an improved device/method for servicing overloaded diesel particulate filters or other exhaust aftertreatment devices.
- Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to devices and methods for efficiently and effectively combusting diesel exhaust material present on diesel particulate filters or other aftertreatment devices.
- Examples representative of a variety of inventive aspects are set forth in the description that follows. The inventive aspects relate to individual features as well as combinations of features. It is to be understood that both the forgoing general description and the following detailed description merely provide examples of how the inventive aspects may be put into practice, and are not intended to limit the broad spirit and scope of the inventive aspects.
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FIG. 1 is a front view of an aftertreatment device regeneration cleaner having features that are examples of inventive aspects in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 2 is a side view of the cleaner ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vent and hood assembly of the cleaner ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a heating element and ash collection container of the cleaner ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along section line 5-5 ofFIG. 4 ; -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a base assembly of the cleaner ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 7 is an end view of the base assembly ofFIG. 6 ; -
FIG. 8 shows an insulation layer for insulating an aftertreatment device during the heat cleaning process; -
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a control system for an aftertreatment device regeneration cleaner having features that are examples of inventive aspects in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an aftertreatment device cleaner including the control system ofFIG. 9 ; and -
FIG. 11 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a aftertreatment device insulating component shown atFIG. 10 . - In the following detailed description, references are made to the accompanying drawings that depict various embodiments which are examples of how certain inventive aspects may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized, and structural and functional changes may be made without departing from the broad scope of the inventive aspects.
- The present disclosure relates to methods and systems for efficiently and effectively cleaning diesel particulate filters (DPF) or other exhaust aftertreatment devices. In one embodiment, a cleaner includes a cabinet in which a heating element is positioned. A compressed air outlet is provided beneath the heating element. An ash collection container is mounted beneath the compressed air outlet. A hood is provided for venting the products of combustion from the cabinet. A blower or fan can be used to force air into the cabinet for facilitating venting the products of combustion through the hood. In use, a diesel particulate filter or other aftertreatment device is mounted over the heating element and the heating element is heated to start the combustion process. To promote controlled combustion, pulses of air from the compressed air outlet are directed into the region beneath the heating element. The pulses move through the diesel particulate filter or other aftertreatment device to enhance the combustion process. Air nozzles used in generating the pulses can be aimed directly at the diesel particulate filter being serviced or away from the diesel particulate filter being serviced.
- Throughout the remainder of the specification, cleaning devices and methods are described primarily with respect to cleaning diesel particulate filters. However, it will be appreciated that the same devices and methods can be used to clean other types of engine exhaust aftertreatment devices as well. Other example aftertreatment devices that may require servicing include catalytic converters, lean NOx catalyst devices, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst devices, lean NOx traps, or other devices for removing for removing pollutants from the exhaust stream. The methods and cleaners can also be used to clean other types of filters/treatment devices, and are not limited exclusively to engine exhaust aftertreatment devices.
- Diesel particulate filter substrates can have a variety of known configurations. An exemplary configuration includes a monolith ceramic substrate having a “honey-comb” configuration of plugged passages as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,851,015 that is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. This type of filter can be referred to as a wall-flow trap or filter. Common materials used for wall-flow filters include silicon carbide and cordierite. Wire mesh, corrugated metal foil and other flow-through type filter configurations can also be used. In certain embodiments, the filter substrate can include a catalyst. Exemplary catalysts include precious metals such as platinum, palladium and rhodium, and other types of components such as base metals or zeolites.
- As described herein, aftertreatment devices are described as having inlet sides or faces and outlet sides or faces. The inlet side or face of an aftertreatment device is the side that faces the incoming flow of exhaust when installed in an exhaust system. The inlet side can be referred to as the “dirty” side since it is the side at which material filtered from the exhaust stream collects. The outlet side or face of an aftertreatment device is the side that faces away from the incoming flow of exhaust when installed in an exhaust system. The outlet side can be referred to as the “clean” side.
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FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a cleaner 20 having features that are examples of inventive aspects in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. The cleaner 20 includes acabinet 21 having arectangular housing 22 supported onlegs 33 that elevate thehousing 22 above the ground. Thelegs 33 and abottom wall 24 of thehousing 22 cooperate to form a base assembly 25 (seeFIG. 6 and 7 ) of thecabinet 21. The front of thecabinet 21 includes adoor 40 that can be opened to provide access to the interior of thehousing 22. Anash collection container 42 is mounted under thehousing 22 for collecting ash that drops from the DPF's as the DPF's are cleaned. Avent stack 44 is mounted at the top of thehousing 22 for venting the products of combustion from thehousing 22. - Referring to
FIG. 3 , thevent stack 44 is in fluid communication with a fume andheat containment chamber 23 within the interior of thehousing 22. Thevent stack 44 is part of an assembly including ahood 46. Thehood 46 is mounted beneath thevent stack 42 within thechamber 23. - Referring to
FIGS. 4 and 5 , a heating element 50 (e.g., an electric heating element (e.g., a coil, grid or other structure) or other heating structure) is mounted in thechamber 23 adjacent thebottom wall 24 of thehousing 22. A heat reflector 52 (e.g., a porous ceramic disc/plate) is mounted beneath theheating element 50. Preferably, the reflector 52 is sufficiently porous to readily allow air and ash to pass therethrough. In one embodiment, the reflector 52 includes 5-25 pores per inch and has a thickness in the range of 0.5-2 inches. The reflector 52 prevents radiant heat loss into the ash container since air flow through the reflector 52 carries heat from the reflector upwardly to the diesel particulate filter being serviced. - The
heating element 50 and the reflector 52 are mounted within a cylindrical first pipe section 100 having flanged upper and lower ends. The flanged upper end allows an aftertreatment device to be clamped in place (e.g., with v-band clamp 102) over theheating element 50. The lower flanged end of the first pipe section 100 is clamped to the upper flanged end of a second pipe section 104 (e.g., with v-band clamp 106). The second pipe section 104 includes an enlarged diameter portion 108 connected to a reduced diameter portion 110 by a conical diameter transition portion 112. The second pipe section 104 is secured (e.g., welded or fastened) to a rim 114 secured to thebottom wall 24 of thecabinet 21. The reduced diameter portion 110 of the second pipe section 104 projects downwardly below thebottom wall 24 and has a flanged lower end. - The
ash collection container 42 is clamped (e.g., with v-band clamp 116) to the lower flanged end of the second pipe section 104. Theash collection container 42 includes a main bin 43 having an open top end covered by alid 45. Apipe section 47 is mounted at the center of thelid 45. Thepipe section 47 extends though thelid 45 and has a flanged upper end that can be clamped to the lower flanged end of the second pipe section 104. Thelid 45 is removable from the bin 43 to allow ash to be emptied from the bin 43. - A compressed air outlet 45 (e.g., a nozzle, hose, pipe, of other structure) is positioned between the reflector 52 and the
container 42. For example, inFIG. 5 , theoutlet 45 is shown connected to acompressed air line 122 that extends through an opening 120 in the second pipe section 104. In the depicted embodiment, theoutlet 45 is configured to direct air in a downward direction toward thecontainer 42. In other embodiments, the outlet may direct air upwardly toward the heating element or laterally toward the side wall of the second pipe section 104. - It is preferred of the
outlet 45 to be in fluid communication with a source of compressed air 124 via theline 122. A controller 126 controls the amount of air provided to theoutlet 45. The flow can be controlled/metered to control the rate of combustion at the aftertreatment device being serviced. In one embodiment, the controller interfaces with a solenoid 128 that opens and closes to provide pulses of air to theoutlet 45. In one embodiment, the source of compressed air has a pressure of at least 60 pounds per square inch (psi), or in the range of 60-100 psi, or preferably about 90 psi. In another embodiment, flow rates preferably in the range of 0.5-2.0 standard cubic feet per minute (SCFM) are provided beneath the heating element during regeneration. In still another embodiment, pulses having durations in the range of 0.25-1 s, a pulse frequency of about 2-15 or 2-8 pulses per minute, and a flow rate in the range of 0.5-2.5 SCFM or 0.75-1.25 SCFM are provided beneath the heating element. It will be appreciated that the above numerical information is provided for illustration purposes only, and is not intended to limit the broad inventive aspects of the present disclosure. - The pulses of air provide a number of functions. For example, the air pulses impinge on the aftertreatment device causing soot and ash packed on the device to be dislodged and to fall into the
container 42. The upward flow of air also carries and distributes heat evenly through the aftertreatment device. By controlling the air flow rate, the amount of oxygen supplied to the aftertreatment device can also be controlled to control the core temperature and combustion rate. In a preferred embodiment, the high pressure air pulse can penetrate soot built-up on the diesel particulate filter. - A
blower 70 or fan is also mounted in thehousing 22. A wall 52 (seeFIG. 4 ) separates theblower 50 from thechamber 23. Ahose 54 provides fluid communication between theblower 50 and the interior of the main chamber. Theblower 70 forces air into the main chamber to facilitate venting the products of combustion from the chamber. - In use of the system, the
front door 40 of the cabinet is opened to provide access to thechamber 23. With the door open 40, a diesel particulate filter (DPF) can be mounted (e.g., clamped or otherwise secured) on top of the heating element. Preferably, the DPF is mounted with the inlet side facing downwardly and the outlet side facing upwardly. Once the DPF is in place, thedoor 40 is closed and the heating element is activated to heat the core of the DPF to a temperature suitable for combusting ash on the DPF (e.g., 900-1500 F). During an initial warm-up period (e.g., about 20 minutes), the heating element is activated. During this warm up period, it is preferred to not provide air pulses to the system so that more uniform radiant heating is provided across the entire face of the core being serviced. Uniform heating prevents preferential air flow paths from developing in the DPF that may interfere with the ability to uniformly regenerate the entire DPF. After the warm-up period, theair outlet 45 begins to direct pulses of air downwardly into the container 42 (e.g., at a pulse rate of 0.5 seconds on and 15 seconds off). The pulses of air reflect off thecontainer 42 and migrate upwardly through the heat reflector 52, theheating element 50 and the DPF mounted on theheating element 50. The pulses of air assist in providing uniform combustion temperatures across the entire volume of the DPF while maintaining a controlled combustion. The pulses of air also assist is dislodging ash from the DPF during the combustion process. The ash falls downwardly from the DPF through theheating element 50 and the heat reflector 52 and is collected in thecontainer 42. Thecontainer 42 is preferably periodically disconnected from the cabinet to be emptied. - After the combustion process has been completed (e.g., about 3-5 hours), the
heating element 50 turned off and the air flow is increased during the cool-down. In one embodiment, the flow rate is increased to at least 1.5 times the regeneration air flow rate. For example, the pulse rate can be increased to 0.5 second on and 4-10 s or 7.5 to 10 seconds off). The cool-down period can often extend for 2-3 hours. After the heating element and cabinet interior cool to a predetermined temperature (e.g., 140 F), thefront door 40 can be opened to remove the clean DPF. Thereafter, another DPF can be mounted on theheating element 50 and the process can be repeated. - During heating, if the heating element fails (e.g., a heating controller does not modulate), the solenoid fails (e.g., sticks open or closed), or the cabinet temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, the system can be programmed to abort the regeneration cycle.
- To make the process more efficient, the DPF, the pipe sections 100, 104 and the
ash container 42 can be covered with insulating layers (e.g., heat shields, blankets, sheaths, etc.) For example,FIG. 8 schematically shows an insulation sheath/blanket 300 wrapped around the DPF and the pipe sections 100,104. - To improve cleaning, the combustion type cleaner disclosed herein can be used in combination with a pulse cleaner of the type disclosed at U.S. patent application Ser. No. not yet assigned, having attorney docket number 758.1913USU1, entitled APPARATUS FOR CLEANING EXHAUST AFTERTREATMENT DEVICES AND METHODS, filed on a date concurrent herewith, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. For example, after soot has been combusted from an aftertreatment device with the heat cleaner of the present disclosure, the aftertreatment device can then be placed in a pulse cleaner to remove any residual ash.
-
FIG. 9 schematically shows an example control system for aheat cleaner 320 in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. Theheat cleaner 320 includes acabinet 321 housing a platform/table 323 for mounting a DPF, aheating element 350 mounted at a central opening of the table 323, areflector 352 mounted below theheating element 350, anash collection container 342 positioned below thereflector 352, and acompressed air outlet 345 for providing pulses of air that move through the DPF during heating. The control system includes amain controller 326 that interfaces with the various control components of the heater. Thecontroller 326 can include a microprocessor, memory, output drivers and an analog to digital converter and other components conventionally found in a controller. The memory can be used to store software/firmware for use controlling a visual display (e.g., at a front of the cabinet) and for the overall control of the module. - Referring to still to
FIG. 9 , the control system includes afront control panel 400 having a visual display and also having buttons for controlling operation of theheat cleaner 320. The visual display includes atemperature gage 402 that shows the temperature of theheating element 350. The visual display also includes a light 402 that is illuminated during heating, a light 404 that is illuminated during cool-down, and a light 406 that illuminates when a cleaning operation has been completed. Thefront control panel 400 further includes astart button 408 that an operator can depress to start a heating operation, and anemergency stop bottom 410 that an operator can depress to stop a heating operation at any time. A plurality of wires can be used to electrically connect the components of thefront panel 400 to thecontroller 326. - The controller interfaces with a temperature sensor 405 (e.g., a thermocouple or thermometer) provided at the
heating element 350 to access temperature readings corresponding to the temperature of theheating element 350. Thecontroller 326 uses the temperature readings to control thetemperature gage 402. If the temperature of theheating element 350 exceeds a predetermined limit, thecontroller 326 can terminate heating operations by disconnecting theheating element 350 from its power supply 412 (e.g., via power switch 414). - The
controller 326 further interfaces with an electronic latch 416 (e.g., a solenoid of other structure), a door sensor 418 (e.g., a push switch or other structure), afan 420, an aftertreatment device sensor 422 (e.g., a proximity sensor or other device for detecting the presence of an aftertreatment device above the heating element) and a cabinet temperature sensor 224 (e.g., a thermometer, temperature switch or other structure for providing feedback regarding temperature). Theelectronic latch 416 prevents the cabinet door from being opened during heating operations. If it is necessary to open the cabinet door during heating operations, theemergency stop button 410 can be pressed to stop heating operations and override thelatch 416. Thedoor sensor 418 senses whether the cabinet door is opened or closed. Thecontroller 326 will not begin a heating operation unless the cabinet door is closed. Thefan 420 provides air for exhausting/ventilating thecabinet 321. Thesensor 422 senses whether a DPF is in position over theheating element 350. If thesensor 422 does not detect the presence of a DPF, the controller will not allow a heating operation to take place. The controller also will terminate heating operations if the cabinet temperature exceeds a predetermined limit as indicated by thecabinet temperature sensor 424. - The
controller 326 also interfaces with asolenoid 426 and anair pressure sensor 428. Thesolenoid 426 receives compressed air from a source ofcompressed air 430, and is used by thecontroller 326 to control the pulses (e.g., duration and timing) of air provided to thecompressed air outlet 345. Thepressure sensor 428 reads whether sufficient pressure is being provided to the solenoid. If sufficient pressure is not present, the controller will either terminate heating operations if heating operations are ongoing, or will prevent heating operations from being started. -
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of aheat cleaner 320 including the control system ofFIG. 9 . The cleaner 320 includescabinet 321, DPF mounting table 323,heating element 350 andash collection container 342. The DPF mounting table 323 has a central opening at which the heating element is positioned. A DPF retaining arrangement is provided at the top of the table 323. The retaining arrangement includes three sets of slide locks/bars (only two sets are visible) secured to the table 323 by fasteners (e.g., bolts). Each set of slide bars includes anupper bar 370 and a lower bar 371. The sets of slide bars 370 are spaced at about 120 degree increments about theheating element 350. The upper slide bars 370 have elongatedholes 373 for receivingfasteners 377. By loosening the fasteners, theupper bars 370 can be slid back away from theheating element 350 along the top sides of the bars 371 to allow aDPF 375 to be placed on top of theheating element 350. Once theDPF 375 is in place, the upper slide bars 370 can be slid toward the DPF to position where thebars 370 overlap the lower flange of theDPF 375. The slide bars 370 can then be tightened down with thefasteners 377 such that thebars 370 firmly clamp theDPF 375 in place against the top side of theheating element 350. - Referring still to
FIG. 10 , the system also includes an insulatingsleeve 500 mounted about theDPF 375 to retain heat therein. The sleeve includes two half-cylinders 502 that are held together bymechanical latches 503, hooks or other structures. The half-cylinders 502 include an insulating material 507 (e.g., fiberglass) positioned between inner and 504, 506 of metal (seeouter layers FIG. 11 ). By unhooking thelatches 503, the half-cylinders 502 can be separated from one another and placed about the DPF. 375. Thelatches 503 can then be re-attached to hold thesleeve 500 about theDPF 375. - Referring again to
FIG. 10 , theheat cleaner 320 includes arear control box 600 in which thecontroller 326 is positioned. 603, 604 connect the controller respectively to theWires solenoid 426 and thepressure sensor 428. Thesolenoid 426 and thepressure sensor 428 are mounted to the floor of thecabinet 321. The source of compressed air connects to thesolenoid 426 through the floor of thecabinet 321. Ahose 607 carries compressed air from thepressure sensor 428 to thecompressed air outlet 345. - As shown at
FIG. 10 , thefront control panel 400 is positioned at the front of thecabinet 321. Aconduit 605 is used to carry wires that interconnect thefront panel 400 to thecontroller 326. Thedoor latch 416 and thedoor sensor 418 are also positioned adjacent the front of thecabinet 321. 611, 613 respectively connect theWires door latch 416 and thedoor sensor 418 to thecontroller 326. Thecabinet temperature sensor 424 is mounted adjacent the top of thecabinet 321 and is connected to thecontroller 326 bywire 615.Fans 420 and anaftertreatment device sensor 422 are mounted to adivider wall 617 that separates thecabinet 321 into a DPF cleaning chamber and a control chamber. Thecontrol box 600, thesolenoid 428 and thepressure switch 428 are positioned within the control chamber.FIG. 10 also shows awire 621 for providing power to theheating element 350, and a wire for 623 for allowing thecontroller 326 to take readings from thetemperature sensor 405. - It will be appreciated that the same types of heating and cooling cycles/processes described with respect to the embodiment of
FIG. 5 can also be used in combination with the heat cleaner ofFIG. 10 . - The above specification provides examples of how certain inventive aspects may be put into practice. It will be appreciated that the inventive aspects can be practiced in other ways than those specifically shown and described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive aspects.
Claims (24)
1. An apparatus for combusting soot from a diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment device, the apparatus comprising:
a cabinet having a housing;
a heating element positioned within the housing of the cabinet;
a mounting arrangement for securing the diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment device above the heating element; and
an ash collection container mounted beneath a floor of the housing for collecting ash that falls from the diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment device during heating.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a pulse generator for directing pulses of air to a location beneath the heating element.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the pulse generator includes a nozzle positioned between the heating element and the ash collection container that directs the pulse of air downwardly toward the ash collection container.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a porous heat reflector positioned beneath the heating element at a location between the heating element and the ash collection container.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 , further comprising a pulse generator for directing pulses of air to a location beneath the heating element, the pulse generator including a nozzle positioned between the heat reflector and the ash collection container that directs the pulse of air downwardly toward the ash collection container.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a vent for venting products of combustion from the housing.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 , further comprising a blower for facilitating venting the products of combustion through the vent.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the housing includes a door for inserting the aftertreatment device into the housing and for removing the aftertreatment device from the housing, and wherein the apparatus includes a sensor for detecting if the door is opened.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 , further comprising a controller that prevents the heating element from being heated if the door is open.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the housing includes a door for inserting the aftertreatment device into the housing and for removing the aftertreatment device from the housing, and wherein the apparatus includes and electronic latch that prevents the door from being opened when the heating element is hot.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 , further comprising a stop button for deactivating the heating element and for deactivating the electronic latch.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a cabinet temperature sensor for sensing a temperature within the housing, wherein the heating element is deactivated if a temperature in the housing exceeds a predetermined temperature value.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a heating element temperature sensor for sensing a temperature of the heating element.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the apparatus deactivates the heating element of the heating element exceeds a predetermined temperature.
15. The apparatus of claim 13 , further comprising a temperature gage for displaying the temperature of the heating element.
16. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising further comprising a fan for facilitating venting the products of combustion through the vent.
17. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising an aftertreatment device sensor for sensing whether an aftertreatment device is present above the heating element.
18. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a slide lock arrangement for securing the aftertreatment device above the heating element.
19. The apparatus of claim 18 , further comprising a platform positioned within the housing, wherein the slide lock arrangement includes a plurality of slide bars mounted to the platform, the slide bars being slideable between first positions in which the slide bars are adapted to engage a lower flange of the aftertreatment device to secure the aftertreatment device in place above the heating element, and second positions where the slide bars are spaced from the lower flange.
20. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising an insulating component for insulating the aftertreatment device, the insulating component including an insulating layer positioned between inner an outer metal layers.
21. The apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the insulating component includes first and second half-cylinders.
22. A method for cleaning a diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment device comprising:
positioning the aftertreatment device over a heating element;
heating the aftertreatment device with the heating element to burn soot on the aftertreatment device;
providing pulses of air that move upwardly through the aftertreatment device during heating.
23. The method of claim 22 , further comprising cooling the aftertreatment device by turning off the heating element and increasing the amount of air that flows upwardly through the aftertreatment device.
24. The method of claim 22 , wherein no air is pulsed through the aftertreatment device during an initial warming period.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/817,565 US20090044523A1 (en) | 2005-03-04 | 2006-01-18 | Apparatus for combusting collected diesel exhaust material from aftertreatment devices and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US65861205P | 2005-03-04 | 2005-03-04 | |
| PCT/US2006/001850 WO2006096244A1 (en) | 2005-03-04 | 2006-01-18 | Apparatus for combusting collected diesel exhaust material from aftertreatment device and method |
| US11/817,565 US20090044523A1 (en) | 2005-03-04 | 2006-01-18 | Apparatus for combusting collected diesel exhaust material from aftertreatment devices and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20090044523A1 true US20090044523A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
Family
ID=36169182
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/817,565 Abandoned US20090044523A1 (en) | 2005-03-04 | 2006-01-18 | Apparatus for combusting collected diesel exhaust material from aftertreatment devices and method |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090044523A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1861190B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE420708T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE602006004852D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006096244A1 (en) |
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| US20080178413A1 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2008-07-31 | Wagner Wayne M | Apparatus for Cleaning Exhaust Aftertreatment Devices and Methods |
| US20100037423A1 (en) * | 2008-07-10 | 2010-02-18 | Herman John T | Apparatus for Cleaning Exhaust Aftertreatment Devices and Methods |
| US20100319331A1 (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2010-12-23 | Wagner Wayne M | Diesel Particulate Filter Regeneration System Including Shore Station |
| US20110146721A1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-23 | Caterpillar, Inc. | Filter cleaning tool and method |
| US20110174264A1 (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2011-07-21 | Crawley Ii Wilbur H | Airless fuel delivery system |
| US20120006011A1 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2012-01-12 | Scion-Sprays Limited | Injection system for an internal combustion engine |
| US8769938B2 (en) | 2006-06-19 | 2014-07-08 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Exhaust treatment device with electric regeneration system |
| US20150001142A1 (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2015-01-01 | Gregory D. Graves | Hydro-kinetic reactor tank |
| US20160265413A1 (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2016-09-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for monitoring a particulate filter |
| CN108590812A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-09-28 | 无锡双翼汽车环保科技有限公司 | Multifunctional recycled device |
| CN112432502A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-02 | 杨昌忠 | DPF regeneration furnace and circulating system |
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| WO2008091218A1 (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-07-31 | Ubd Cleantech Ab | Method and system for cleaning filters |
| SE533875C2 (en) * | 2008-05-09 | 2011-02-15 | Stockforsa Invest Ab | Particle filter cleaning device |
| US8776502B2 (en) | 2008-07-03 | 2014-07-15 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | System and method for regenerating an auxiliary power unit exhaust filter |
| WO2011053233A1 (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2011-05-05 | Stockforsa Invest Aktiebolag | Method for cleaning of particle filters |
| EP2769061A4 (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2015-11-11 | Munch Miljø Teknik I S | Method of cleaning a particle filter |
| WO2014176585A1 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-30 | Watlow Electric Manufacturing Company | Smart heating system |
| DE102015112939A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2017-02-09 | Mack Gmbh | Diesel particulate filter cleaning method and apparatus |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1861190B1 (en) | 2009-01-14 |
| WO2006096244A1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
| EP1861190A1 (en) | 2007-12-05 |
| DE602006004852D1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
| ATE420708T1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: DONALDSON CORPANY, INC., MINNESOTA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:WAGNER, WAYNE M.;LORENZEN, MARY JOANNE;HERMAN, JOHN T.;REEL/FRAME:017778/0422;SIGNING DATES FROM 20060310 TO 20060322 |
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| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: DONALDSON COMPANY, INC., MINNESOTA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:WAGNER, WAYNE M.;LORENZEN, MARY JOANNE;HERMAN, JOHN T.;REEL/FRAME:021106/0496;SIGNING DATES FROM 20080606 TO 20080612 |
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| STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |