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US20080320358A1 - Encoding and Decoding Method, and Encoding and Decoding Devices with a Two-Stage Error Protection Process - Google Patents

Encoding and Decoding Method, and Encoding and Decoding Devices with a Two-Stage Error Protection Process Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080320358A1
US20080320358A1 US11/658,667 US65866705A US2008320358A1 US 20080320358 A1 US20080320358 A1 US 20080320358A1 US 65866705 A US65866705 A US 65866705A US 2008320358 A1 US2008320358 A1 US 2008320358A1
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error protection
data packets
block
error
packets
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Jurgen Pandel
Marcel Wagner
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Nokia Solutions and Networks GmbH and Co KG
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0064—Concatenated codes
    • H04L1/0065—Serial concatenated codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an encoding method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a decoding method according to the generic part of claim 15 . Furthermore, the invention relates to an encoding device according to the generic part in claim 16 and a decoding device according to the generic part in claim 17 .
  • multimedia content examples are text, graphics, music, video or a mixture of same.
  • a video clip with music is an example of multimedia content.
  • online means that immediately after receipt of the first packets at the user, said packets are played back, e.g. at a loudspeaker.
  • a complete downloading, for example of the video clip, is not necessary.
  • the multimedia content can be recorded and edited in real time and forwarded directly to a user via a streaming application without buffer storage on a so-called content server.
  • Multimedia content of this kind recorded and transmitted in real time is, for example, a radio program (web radio). Saving the multimedia content, e.g. on a content server, is not necessary in this case.
  • the multimedia content is encoded using a standard compression method according to MP3 or MPEG-2 video for instance, and provided on a content server for downloading.
  • the user loads the complete multimedia content onto his device, e.g. onto his computer or mobile phone and after completion of the download process this media content can be played back, e.g. on a monitor.
  • hybrids of streaming and of the download application are also discussed.
  • a user can select a piece of music by using his device, his mobile phone for example, and load it on to his device by payment of a purchase price.
  • the user is able to listen to the piece of music during the download process and then after it has been loaded on to his device he is able to play back the complete piece of music as often as required.
  • the user hereby receives the impression that the piece of music is streamed, whereas in fact the complete piece of music is nevertheless present on his device after completion of the streaming process.
  • a point-to-point connection currently exists between the device of the user and the content server.
  • a point-to-multipoint connection is also known as “broadcast” or “multicast” In the following; this hybrid is referred to as a broadcast application.
  • this application the same multimedia content is available to several users at the same time.
  • An example of this is a music video that is broadcast live to the user and may be recorded.
  • the user of a broadcast application of this kind also expects no transmission errors to occur within the multimedia content.
  • residual errors in the physical layer and radio link layer occur during the transmission of data packets via mobile radio channels.
  • a typical value for a residual error is approximately 1%.
  • data packets with transmission errors transmitted using a point-to-point connection can be repeated with the aid of an ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) process, this is generally not economically feasible with broadcast and multicast applications, so that data packets with errors are received. Therefore, with these broadcast applications, the multimedia content is transmitted by means of a unidirectional transmission channel and a return channel is not available.
  • a broadcast application of this kind is known for example from VHF (radio technology).
  • IP protocol Internet Protocol
  • the object underlying the invention is to specify an encoding and decoding method and an encoding device and decoding device which provide efficient error protection for applications with common streaming and download functionality with only a unidirectional transmission channel in a simple and efficient manner.
  • This object is achieved on the basis of the encoding method according to the preamble of claim 1 by means of the characterizing features of said claim, and on the basis of the decoding method according to the generic part in claim 15 by means of the characterizing features of said claim. Furthermore, this object is achieved on the basis of the encoding device according to the generic part in claim 16 by the characterizing features of said claim, and on the basis of the decoding device according to the generic description in claim 17 by the characterizing features of said claim.
  • a partial block of successive data packets is protected against at least part of the transmission errors that occur during streaming with the aid of a first error protection process and with the aid of second error protection process all data packets are protected against transmission errors remaining after completion of the streaming.
  • the method according to the invention enables the playback of a series of data packets during streaming. This guarantees, with the aid of a first error protection process, that at least part of the transmission errors caused by the transmission can be corrected and thus at least a part of the data packets can be reconstructed without errors. Thus, despite errors in transmission, the playback of at least part of the data packets is guaranteed.
  • all data packets are available in reconstructed form after completion of the streaming. This corresponds to the download of the series of data packets.
  • those reconstructed data packets that could not be reconstructed error free by the first error protection process can be corrected. This means that a user can play back the data packets during the streaming, e.g. as a piece of music, and after completion of the streaming these data packets that sometimes still contain faults can be reconstructed error free for output at a later point in time, e.g. through a loudspeaker.
  • the method according to the invention is advantageous in practice, as, on one hand, no return channel is required for transmission and therefore the inventive method can be used for a point-to-multipoint connection.
  • the two-stage error protection process i.e. the first and second error protection process, means that a first number of errors per partial block can be corrected by the first error protection process and that only those errors that could not be removed by the first error protection process, such as longer burst of errors, have to be improved using the second error protection.
  • each error protection block consists of several error protection packets, that each error protection block represents at least one error protection packet, an encoded data packet and at least one other error protection packet represents a redundant block, and that an encoded data packet is formed per data packet, the error protection blocks are transmitted sequentially in the time sequence in which the associated data packets are temporally played back, the encoded data packets are combined to form a complete block, a second complete error protection block is created for the complete block with the aid of the second error protection process and the complete error protection block is transmitted after transmission of all the error protection blocks belonging to the series.
  • the method according to the invention can be implemented in several steps in a simple manner, e.g. with the aid of an encoding device.
  • At least one of the following error protection algorithms EXOR parity code, Reed Solomon code and /or low density parity check codes is preferably used for the first and/or second error protection process.
  • the first and/or second error protection process can be implemented in an advantageous manner.
  • a number of packets of data packets of the partial block are determined as a function of a specifiable delay, taking account of a transmission rate, a redundant block length and an encoded data packet length, the number of packets can be adjusted to achieve a minimum delay for the playback of data packets, such as a piece of music for instance.
  • a characteristic value is created for each data packet using a statistical method, with the characteristic value representing the importance of the respective data packet in respect of at least one other data packet, and a number of packets of data packets being created for the partial block in such a way that a sum of characteristic values of successive data packets within the respective partial block reaches at least one specifiable threshold.
  • This enables a small number of data packets with particularly important information and a larger number of data packets with unimportant information to be combined in a partial block. If, for example, a redundant block of the same length is created for all partial blocks, partial blocks with a lower number of packets of data packets are better protected against errors than partial blocks with a larger number of packets of data packets. For example, an important data packet receives packet information that is required for all data packets for decoding purposes.
  • the data protection block is preferably created in such a way that the encoded data packets within the error protection block are provided with unequal error protection. In this way, one or more encoded data packets comprise more error protection than other encoded data packets of the same error protection block. In the event of encoded data packets being transmitted with errors, encoded data packets with more error protection can be corrected and other encoded data packets with less error protection can be subjected to a non error-free reconstruction.
  • encoded data packets containing important information can be provided with more error protection and other encoded data packets containing less important information can be provided with less error protection. This means that at least the encoded data packets containing the important information can be reconstructed in an error-free manner.
  • the error protection block is created in such a way that a specifiable number of error blocks of erroneous error protection packets within the respective error protection block can be corrected by means of the respective error protection block.
  • a correction characteristic of the error protection block can be individually matched, e.g. to an error susceptibility of the transmission channel.
  • At least one erroneous error protection packet within the error protection block can be corrected by means of the respective error protection block. In this way, a minimum correction property of the error correction block can be guaranteed.
  • At least two successive erroneous error protection packets within the error protection block can be corrected by means of the respective error correction block.
  • Many transmission systems such as UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) use a fault correction and interleaving process to avoid transmission errors. If, however, this error protection fails, e.g. due to too many errors, two or more encoded data packets in succession can be erroneous. Therefore, this embodiment represents a particularly advantageous variant taking account of common transmission systems, such as UMTS.
  • the complete error protection block is created in such a way that a larger number of erroneous encoded data packets within the error protection block can be corrected than by means of the first error protection process, it is guaranteed that a larger number of erroneous encoded data packets, that could not be corrected by the first error protection process, are reconstructed in an error-free manner with the aid of the complete error protection block after complete transmission of all encoded data packets.
  • the complete error protection block is created in such a way that, with the help of several segments of the complete error protection block, different subsets of encoded data packets can be corrected.
  • error protection algorithms that have a limitation with respect to the number of data packets can also be used for the second error protection process. For example, only 255 encoded data packets can be protected by a Reed-Solomon code in the Galoisfeld “2 8 ”. By dividing the encoded data packets into several subsets, e.g. into four subsets each with 200 encoded data packets, the aforementioned condition can be complied with by the Reed-Solomon code.
  • the encoded data packets when transmitting the error protection blocks are transmitted via a first transmission channel and the redundant blocks via a second transmission channel. This enables the encoded data packets and the complete error protection block of the first transmission channel to be processed with a less complex download application, and the encoded data packets, the redundant blocks and the complete error protection block of both transmission channels to be processed with a more complex application.
  • the encoded data packets and the redundant blocks are transmitted synchronized in such a way that the redundant block of the respective error protection block is present at the receiver not later than the point in time at which the last encoded data packet of the respective error protection block also arrives at the receiver. This guarantees that where two transmission channels are used there is a minimum delay, for the playback of the data packets during the streaming.
  • the invention relates to a decoding method by means of which a sequence of encoded data packets encoded according to an encoding method can be decoded. In this way, data packets encoded with the method according to the invention can be reconstructed.
  • the invention relates to an encoding device with means for performing an encoding process.
  • This enables the encoding method according to the invention to be implemented and executed in the encoding device, especially a mobile radio device, a portable device and/or a stationary computing device.
  • the invention relates to a decoding device with means for implementing a decoding method.
  • the decoding method according to the invention can be implemented and executed in the decoding device, particularly a mobile radio device, a portable device and/or a stationary computing device.
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 Further details and advantages are explained in more detail with the aid of FIGS. 1 to 6 , in which;
  • FIG. 1 a - 1 e shows a first exemplary embodiment with several data packets for implementing the individual process steps of the encoding method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a creation of a complete error protection block with various segments of the complete error protection block protecting different subsets of encoded data packets.
  • FIG. 3 shows a transmission of encoded data packets via a first transmission channel and of redundant blocks via a second transmission channel.
  • FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram showing an example of the process steps at the receiver end for decoding the received encoded data packets and reconstructing the data packets.
  • FIG. 5 shows an encoding device for performing an encoding process, a transmission medium and a decoding device for performing a decoding process.
  • FIG. 6 shows a flow diagram showing the process steps of the encoding method according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 Elements with the same function and method of operation are given the same reference characters in FIGS. 1 to 6 .
  • FIG. 6 shows the process steps in the form of a flow diagram.
  • a music video clip is being transmitted from a video server to a mobile terminal.
  • a data packet D 1 , . . . , D 800 for example, consists of a number of bits or bytes, e.g. a data packet length PL of 320 bytes.
  • a first process step V 1 several successive data packets D 1 , . . . , DN are combined to form a partial block T 1 , . . . , TM in each instance.
  • every 40 data packets form a partial block, for example data packets D 41 , . . . , D 80 form partial block T 2 .
  • 40 data packets are always combined to form a partial block.
  • any number of data packets D 1 , . . . , DN can be combined to form a partial block T 1 , . . . , TM, with it being possible for this number of packets L 1 , . . . , LM to vary from partial block to partial block.
  • all data packets D 1 , . . . , DN are assigned to a partial block T 1 , . . . , TM.
  • an error protection block F 1 , . . . , FM is formed for each partial block T 1 , . . . , TM with the aid of a first error protection process FS 1 .
  • a plurality of systematic and non-systematic error protection algorithms (codes) for use as an error protection process are known from the prior art, [1-5] for example.
  • the first error protection process FS 1 can correspond to an EXOR parity code, a Reed-Solomon code (RS) or also a low density parity check code.
  • an error protection block F 1 , . . . , F 20 contains, as shown in FIG.
  • a data packet D 1 , . . . , DN is assigned each encoded data packet C 1 , . . . , CN.
  • the redundant blocks R 1 , . . . , R 20 each contains 320 bytes.
  • the encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , C 800 and the redundant blocks R 1 , . . . , R 20 are also designated as error protection packets. Therefore, for example, an erroneous error protection packet can be corrected within the error protection block F 1 , . . . , F 20 .
  • a receiver can, in a case where no error occurs in the transmission of the encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , CN, obtain the data packets D 1 , . . . , DN directly by copying from the encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , CN without having to use the first error protection process FS 1 for decoding. This substantially reduces the complexity involved in performing a decoding process using systematic error protection algorithms at the receiver end.
  • the error protection blocks F 1 , . . . , FM are transmitted in a third process step V 3 .
  • the error protection blocks F 1 , . . . , FM are transmitted in such a way that error protection block F 1 , that represents data packets D 1 , D 40 , that are to be played back first, is transmitted first, and error protection block F 20 , that represents data packets D 761 , . . . , D 800 , that are to be played back last, is transmitted last. This is shown in FIG. 1 c .
  • Error protection block Fl is first transmitted, then F 2 and finally F 20 .
  • FM in this sequence guarantees that a receiver first receives all the error protection packets of error protection block F 1 , so that after any necessary correction of erroneous received error protection packets and the necessary decoding where non-systematic codes are used, the 40 reconstructed data packets D 1 , . . . , D 40 can be forwarded immediately for play back, for example to a loudspeaker. If, for example, all the encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , C 800 were transmitted first and then all redundant blocks R 1 , . . . , R 20 were transmitted, the receiver would, if a fault occurred, for example in the encoded data packet C 40 , have to first receive all 800 encoded data packets C 1 , .
  • transmitting encoded data packets C 1 , C 40 of the first error protection block F 1 and of the redundant block R 1 together means that with a short delay of 41 packets, 40 encoded data packets and a redundant block, the playback of the music video clip can be started during the streaming, after a slight delay.
  • the delay V created by this method is explained in the following by means of an example.
  • a transmission medium UEM, through which the error protection packets F 1 , . . . , FM are transmitted, has a transmission bandwidth UR of 64 kbit/s.
  • FM contains 40 encoded data packets and a redundant block with an encoded data packet length CL 1 , . . . , CLN, with for example CL 1 , . . . , CLN being equal to 320 bytes and a redundant block length J 1 , . . . , JM with J 1 , . . . , JM being equal to 320 bytes. Therefore a maximum delay V for the playback of the music video clip is obtained as follows.
  • the error protection block F 1 , . . . , FM by means of the first error protection process, FS 1 in such a way that a small number of erroneous transmitted error protection packets are corrected within the respective error protection block F 1 , . . . , FM, such as, for example, one or two error protection packets per error protection block F 1 , . . . , FM.
  • a large error protection in the error protection packet there will be a greater overhead to be transmitted.
  • a correction by means of the first error protection process FS 1 would not be possible where there were more than two erroneous transmitted error protection packets and the user would have to allow for an interruption in the music clip for a time period V, for example of 1.64 sec.
  • V for example of 1.64 sec.
  • a second error protection process FS 2 it should be possible to rectify such errors by means of a second error protection process FS 2 , so that on completion of the download an error-free music video clip would be available.
  • an error protection algorithm is chosen that can correct erroneous error protection packets regardless of how they are arranged, especially encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , CN, within the error protection block F 1 , . . . , FM.
  • the error protection block F 1 , . . . , FM is created in such a way that a specified number of error blocks FF of encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , CN and redundant blocks R 1 , . . . , RM can be corrected within the error protection block F 1 , . . . , FM.
  • error correction algorithms such as [1-5] this can be achieved by a suitable dimensioning of the redundant blocks R 1 , . . . , RM.
  • all encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , CN are of equal length, e.g. 100 bytes each.
  • a fourth process step V 4 the encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , CN are combined in a complete block GB. An example of this is shown in FIG. 1 d.
  • a complete error protection block GFB is created for the complete block GB with the aid of a second error protection process FS 2 .
  • Known error protection algorithms such as in [1-5] can be used for this purpose.
  • only systematic error protection algorithms may, however, be used for the second error protection process FS 2 , because the use of non-systematic error protection algorithms would cause a binary change to the content of the encoded data packets and thus a correction or decoding by means of the first error protection process FS 1 would only be possible after decoding by the second error protection process FS 2 .
  • transmitted encoded data packets E 1 , . . . , EN transmitted encoded data packets E 1 , . . . , EN, with it being possible for these transmitted encoded data packets E 1 , . . . , EN to have transmission errors due to a transmission that is susceptible to errors.
  • a sixth step V 6 the complete error protection block GFB is transmitted after error protection blocks F 1 , . . . , FM.
  • the number of packets L 1 , . . . , LM of data packets D 1 , . . . ,DN of the partial block T 1 , . . . , TM are determined as a function of a specifiable delay V, taking account of a transmission rate UR, an encoded data packet length C 1 , . . . , CLN and a redundant block length J 1 , . . . , JM.
  • the encoded data packet length CL 1 , . . . , CLN includes the number of symbols, e.g. of bytes, per encoded data packet, CL 1 , . . . , CN.
  • the redundant block length J 1 , . . . , JM describes the number of symbols, e.g. bytes per redundant block, R 1 , . . . , RM. This is explained in more detail in the following example.
  • the number of packets L 1 , . . . , LM of data packets of the partial block T 1 , . . . , TM can be calculated as follows.
  • the encoded data packet length CL 1 , . . . , CLN is identical in each encoded data packet C 1 , . . . , CN.
  • the encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , CN and data packets D 1 , . . . , DN can exhibit any length.
  • the number of packets L 1 , . . . , LM of data packets is determined on the basis of characteristic values W 1 , . . . , WN of successive data packets D 1 , . . . , DN, with the characteristic value W 1 , . . . , WN representing the importance of the respective data packet D 1 , . . . , DN in respect of at least one other data packet D 1 , . . . , DN.
  • every tenth data packet D 1 , D 11 , D 21 , . . . , D 791 contains parameters that are important for all data packets D 1 , . . .
  • All other data packets D 2 , D 3 , D 10 , D 12 , . . . , DN contain only multimedia information parameters, such as PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) data that can be decoded independent of other PCM data.
  • PCM Pulse Code Modulation
  • a characteristic value W 1 , . . . , WN is first assigned to each data packet D 1 , . . . , DN.
  • the influence the error of a specific data packet D 1 , . . . , DN has on the playback quality, such as for the audio quality of a piece of music, is determined by measurement.
  • the data packets D 1 , . . . , DN represent an encoded video signal.
  • the data packets that include movement vectors are particularly important for the decoding, whereas on the other hand the remaining data packets that contain the encoded residual error signal have a lesser importance in respect of the picture quality.
  • the characteristic values of the important data packets have a higher value and the less important data packets a lower value.
  • a specifiable threshold WS By presetting a specifiable threshold WS, a value is now specified that should not exceed a sum of characteristic values W 1 , . . . , WN of successive data packets D 1 , . . . , DN within the respective partial block T 1 , . . . , TN.
  • the following parameter values are examples.
  • the number of data packets L 1 , . . . , LM of data packets for the partial block T 1 , . . . , TM is determined by the summation of characteristic values W 1 , . . . , WN of successive data packets D 1 , . . . , DN. For the example we get the following.
  • Partial block T 1 therefore includes data packets D 1 , . . . , D 23 , with the number of data packets L 1 being 23.
  • the number of packets, L 1 , . . . , LM of data packets for the partial block T 1 , . . . , TM is determined as a function of the respective characteristic values W 1 , . . . , WN and the specifiable threshold WS.
  • the procedure for other numbers of packets L 2 , . . . , LM of data packets is the same as the procedures for the number of packets L 1 .
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative variant of the method according to the invention where the complete error protection block GFB is created.
  • the complete error protection block GFB is divided into segments S 1 , . . . , SL with each segment S 1 , . . . , SL being able to correct a subset M 1 , . . . , ML of encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , CN.
  • the encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , C 41 , C 81 , . . . , C 761 represent the subset M 1 .
  • a segment S 1 is created with the aid of a second error protection process FS 2 .
  • the subset M 2 contains the encoded data packets C 2 , C 42 , C 82 , C 762 .
  • Segment S 2 includes an error protection for the subset M 2 .
  • Further subsets M 3 , . . . , ML and segments S 3 , . . . , SL can be formed in a similar manner.
  • the subsets M 1 , . . . , ML can be created from any combination of encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , CN, with it being possible to include one or more encoded data packets C 1 , . . .
  • the error protection blocks F 1 , . . . , FM are first transmitted in succession and then the complete error protection block GFB is transmitted.
  • the error protection blocks F 1 , . . . , FM and the complete error protection block GFB are sent via a first transmission channel UW 1 .
  • two transmission channels UW 1 , UW 2 can also be used to send the encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , CN, the redundant blocks R 1 , . . . , RM and the complete error protection block GFB. In this way, all the encoded data packets C 1 , . . .
  • the complete error protection block GFB can be sent via the first transmission channel UW 1 and the redundant blocks R 1 , . . . , RM via the second transmission channel UW 2 .
  • RM that are sent by the second transmission channel UW 2 , an application that realizes a hybrid of download and streaming application, whereby a redundant block R 1 , . . . , RM can be received for each error protection block F 1 , . . . , FM and if errors occur these can be corrected by means of the respective redundant block R 1 , . . . , RM.
  • a redundant block R 1 , . . . , RM can be received for each error protection block F 1 , . . . , FM and if errors occur these can be corrected by means of the respective redundant block R 1 , . . . , RM.
  • the encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , CN and the redundant blocks R 1 , . . . , RM are transmitted synchronized in such a way that the redundant block R 1 , . . . , RM of the respective error protection block F 1 , . . . , FM is present at the receiver not later than the point in time at which the last encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , CN of the respective error protection block F 1 , . . . , FM arrive at the receiver. This is further explained using FIG. 3 .
  • the redundant block R 1 arrives at the receiver device with the latest encoded data packet C 40 of the error protection block F 1 .
  • This relationship is shown in FIG. 3 by a dotted line. Because of this synchronization, all error protection packets of an error protection block F 1 , . . . , FM are present at the receiver when the last encoded data packet C 1 , . . .
  • CN arrives and therefore a correction of erroneous transmitted error protection packets, and also a playback of data packets D 1 , . . . , DN reconstructed from the encoded data packet C 1 , . . . , CN can be achieved with minimum delay.
  • the invention relates to a decoding method by means of which data packets D 1 , . . . , DN can be reconstructed with the aid of the error protection that was created according to an encoding process.
  • the error protection packets that include the encoded data packets C 1 , . . . , CN and the redundant blocks R 1 , . . . , RM are transmitted to a decoding device DV, whereby the error protection packets can arrive with errors at the decoding device DV due to the erroneous transmission via the transmission medium.
  • These error protection packets that arrive at the decoding device DV are designated as transmitted erroneous protection packets.
  • An exemplary embodiment for the decoding process is explained in more detail in the following with the aid of FIG. 4 .
  • the reconstructed data packets G 1 , . . . , GN of the partial block T 1 , . . . , TN can be reconstructed by copying the transmitted encoded data packets.
  • the invention also includes the encoding device EV with means for implementing the encoding method.
  • the encoding device EV is, for example, integrated into a data computer such as a content server or a mobile radio network, by means of which the process of encoding can be realized.
  • the encoding device EV can also be fitted in a mobile terminal, with the mobile terminal, for example, taking a sequence of pictures by means of a camera and these pictures being compressed by means of a video compression process and data packets D 1 , . . . , DN being generated from same.
  • These data packets D 1 , . . . , DN can then be encoded according to the inventive method and then transmitted via a network such as a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) network.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
  • the invention also includes the decoding device DV with means for performing the decoding method.
  • the inventive method can be realized and used in a receiver device, for example in a mobile radio telephone according to the UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System)standard.
  • the encoding device EV and the decoding device DV are shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the encoding device EV contains a first storage module SM 1 , for example for storing data packets D 1 , . . . , DN,.
  • the encoding device EV also contains an encoding module EM by means of which individual steps for performing the inventive method for encoding can be realized.
  • the encoding device EV includes a transmitting module SM by means of which, for example, the error protection blocks F 1 , . . . , FM and the complete error protection block GFB can be transmitted via the transmission medium UEM to the decoding device DV.
  • the first memory module SM 1 , the transmitting module SM and the encoder module EM are interconnected via a first connecting network VX 1 in order to exchange data and control information between one another.
  • the transmission medium UEM enables the transmission of error protection blocks F 1 , . . . , FM and of the complete error protection block GFB.
  • the transmission medium UEM is embodied in the form of a wireless network according to the GSM and/or UMTS standard, or in the form of a wired network, such as an ISDN (Integrated Digital Subscriber Network) or an IP (Internet Protocol) based intranet and/or internet.
  • ISDN Integrated Digital Subscriber Network
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the partially erroneous transmitted packets and blocks are received by a receiving module EE of the decoding device DV. These are stored in a second storage module SM 2 for further processing.
  • the reconstructed data packets G 1 , . . . , GN, that represent data packets D 1 , . . . , DN, are created in several steps with the aid of the decoding module DM. These are stored, e.g. in the second storage module SM 2 for further processing, for example by a loudspeaker unit.
  • the second storage module SM 2 , the receiving module EE and the decoder module DM are interconnected to each other by means of a second connecting network VX 2 , for the exchange of data and control information.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
  • Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
US11/658,667 2004-07-27 2005-06-29 Encoding and Decoding Method, and Encoding and Decoding Devices with a Two-Stage Error Protection Process Abandoned US20080320358A1 (en)

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