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US20080295563A1 - Method for Delaying of Cooling and Hardening of Desired Zones of a Sheet During a Hot Metal Stamping Process - Google Patents

Method for Delaying of Cooling and Hardening of Desired Zones of a Sheet During a Hot Metal Stamping Process Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080295563A1
US20080295563A1 US12/161,551 US16155107A US2008295563A1 US 20080295563 A1 US20080295563 A1 US 20080295563A1 US 16155107 A US16155107 A US 16155107A US 2008295563 A1 US2008295563 A1 US 2008295563A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
sheet
piercing
die
hot
forming
Prior art date
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Abandoned
Application number
US12/161,551
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English (en)
Inventor
Mehmet Terziakin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TERZIAKIN MEHMET
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of US20080295563A1 publication Critical patent/US20080295563A1/en
Assigned to TERZIAKIN, MEHMET, MR reassignment TERZIAKIN, MEHMET, MR ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: METALFORM MUHENDISLIK TASARIM IMALAT VE SAN LTD. STI.
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/22—Deep-drawing with devices for holding the edge of the blanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D24/00—Special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching

Definitions

  • the invention relates with a moulding system that will make processes of sheet-metal forming, hardening by a locally controlled heat treatment, cutting and piercing.
  • Hot sheet-metal stamping process is a production method that is getting gradually important especially in automotive industry. Along with the increasing demand of vehicle safety, structural parts are required to be made of materials that have strength as high as possible. Since these materials are required to have high elongation and forming characteristics while formed materials are asked to have high strength values, special processes are needed. On the other hand, vehicles have to be manufactured as light as possible, because of the increasing fuel costs. This requires using minimum amount of material to gain a particular strength, so it is a gradually rising tendency to use high-strength and hard-to-be-formed types of steel-aluminum alloyed sheets in vehicle production. Hot stamping and die quenching process has been developed to meet these demands.
  • this method is to stamp sheet in high temperature and then holding it in the die for a while to ensure cooling of the sheet by heat transfer from hot sheet to cold die.
  • hardening by heat treatment is done by rapid cooling in the part after forming using hardenable materials suitable to heat treatment and strength of the workpiece can be doubled.
  • Common application of this method in industry consists of followings: Heating of the boron-alloyed, heat treatment suitable, 22 MnB 5 type steel sheet to 900° C., immediately after stamping and hardening by martensitic process called quenching through holding in the die for a while and rapid cooling of hot sheet.
  • sheet at starting conditions having yield stress of 350 MPA and elongation of 25%, is heated; passes to austenite phase at 900° C., and stamped at about 800° C. It is cooled by being hold stamped in the die about 10-20 sec. and contacting to die. At this step cooling rate of 20-30 C/sec. down to about 200° C. must be ensured.
  • yield stress limit of sheet reaches to 1100 MPA and rupture limit reaches to 1500 MPA.
  • New elongation rate is changeable between 50-80% according to applied process in stamping and forming capability dramatically increases compared to cold stamping. Similar process can be carried out for alloys of metals such as aluminum and magnesium that are suitable for heat treatment.
  • sheets made of aluminum 7075 type alloy can be processed like that.
  • workpiece is heated to a necessary temperature for heat treatment, then stamped in a temperature suitable for forming capability, and then heat treatment conditions are ensured through a cooling in which a particular cooling rate is exceeded, so formed workpiece has been hardened.
  • the structure which is used in cold sheet moulding and only for forming causes defects in many aspects and process problems in hot stamping.
  • Invented system is a die type which will make the contact between hot sheet and cold die, cooling and hardening in required order, prevent the early cooling complicating the process difficult and ensure the post-forming critical cooling conditions.
  • This hot stamping die type has the capability of forming the workpiece, including blank holder, in necessary shape; ensure the critical cooling rate in the required parts of workpiece; making the blank holder slide in the required strain holding the sheet in control; preventing early hardening due to cooling from surrounding; cutting the parts to be cut during stamping or leaving unhardened to be cut easily later.
  • FIG. 1 shows the structure of blank holder involved in this process.
  • FIG. 2 show the trimming process, process in which needless extensions on the outer edge of workpiece are being cut during stamping.
  • FIG. 3 shows the structure which will be able to leave some parts of the workpiece unhardened so that processes such as cutting, piercing and bending will be applied later.
  • This figure shows also cooling air flow channels and additional cooling system on places where the die contact can not secure the sufficient cooling rate during die quenching process.
  • FIG. 4 shows the structure which will secure piercing before contact and hardening during hot stamping.
  • FIG. 5 shows another structure which will be able to be used for piercing that can be done with stamping.
  • FIG. 1 a blank holder which will be used for hot stamping is shown.
  • parts ( 1 ) which will contact the sheet are placed on the channels/chamfers ( 6 ) caved on the body of blank holder ( 2 ) or die.
  • Contact interfaces ( 4 ) of these parts ( 1 ) to sheet ( 3 ) are not planar but in sawtooth shape ( 4 ). End points ( 4 ) of these contact lines should be rounded so that sheet can slide. It is aimed that contact lines of these upper and lower parts don't contact the same points of the upper and lower planes of the sheet and pressure will be homogenously distributed along the contact lines through bouncing between lower ( 5 ) and upper ( 4 ) contact lines on the sheet.
  • locations of lower ( 5 ) and upper ( 4 ) contact lines are different. For example, such positioning that upper contact lines ( 4 ) will be facing the cavities between the lower contact lines ( 5 ) can be made.
  • These lower ( 5 ) and upper ( 4 ) contact lines preferably should be parallel and should not intersect each other.
  • These contacting parts ( 1 ) can be made of heat-resistant and having low thermal conductivity glass or ceramic-based materials or hard metal type materials by powder metallurgy. Such materials are generally hard and have low thermal permeability. If channels ( 6 ) and contacting parts ( 1 ) are in standard structure replacement of new parts will be an easy solution in case of crack in these components. If they are to be made of metal, hard stainless steels will be good options because of their low thermal permeability.
  • FIG. 2 shows the application of trimming process—cutting the needless extensions of workpiece in edges—in hot stamping.
  • This structure is applicable especially in process in which sheet is heated by current passing through (Terziakin, U.S. Pat. No. 6,463,779), flow cross section of current doesn't change (rectangular) so homogenous current density and heating is obtained.
  • Sheet having rectangular cross section are reduced to required size by peripheral cutting.
  • An important point in this subject is that, sheet is hold by a blank holder having reduced (linear) contact interfaces ( 4 , 5 ) or a ceramic passing type contact parts indicated in previous figure, without being wrinkled, but doesn't get hardened through cooling by contacts.
  • This type of blank holder can be placed between die and cutting edges as well, so sheet which has been peripheral cut can be ensured to be sliding to die blank with a controlled strain.
  • This option is defined in description but not shown in figure to avoid having figure to be complicated.
  • the upper, moveable die is indicated as female, lower stationary die is indicated as male in the figure. This is not related with subject, opposite of this is applicable.
  • No. 8 and 9 cutting tools are mounted so that one will move with moveable die, other one will stay stationary. Cutting edges are shaped to scissor the sheet between them. Lower and upper surfaces of cutting tools which will contact the sheet are intentionally roughed in order to reduce the heat transfer from sheet and cooling and hardening of sheet.
  • Cutting process in the figure is done as following: Upper cutting edges ( 8 ) which are mounted to outer side of upper die moves as connected with upper die ( 11 ).
  • sheet ( 13 ) is placed on hinged nails ( 10 ) in order to minimize cooling due to contact.
  • hinged nails ( 10 ) hold the sheet ( 13 ) by a spring or a mechanism not shown in the figure; they don't turn by the weight of sheet but if sheet is pushed from above they allow the sheet to move down by turning downward. They turn into previous positions when sheet is released from nails.
  • Upper die ( 11 ) going down and cutting tools ( 8 ) release the sheet ( 13 ) from nails and drop it onto lower stationary cutting tool ( 9 ).
  • FIG. 3 shows how to leave desired parts unhardened during the die quenching process.
  • Structure of the blank holder in the figure is the same as in previous figures. Open state and closed state of die are shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B respectively.
  • heat loss of sheet surface which contacts the blank holder is reduced as in other two figures. Hot sheet is placed on the nails having little contact surfaces to avoid of contacting with blank holder and die and cooling.
  • some parts of die surface which will face the parts of the sheet which are to be cut or bended later ( 19 , 20 ) have notches ( 21 , 26 ) to ensure slow cooling without contact with die in order to ease cutting process to be done later.
  • this type noncontacting zones are made in trimming ( 19 ) and piercing ( 20 ) zones.
  • This type noncontacting notches are grooved on the lower ( 24 ) and upper ( 16 ) die surfaces corresponding trimming zone ( 19 ).
  • this type noncontacting notches are made on the die surface which corresponds the sheet parts which are to be pierced later. Notches and sheet don't contact each other in these zones. Cooling in these zones of sheet ( 19 , 20 ) occurs by heat transfer to air, which is relatively cold, and to other neighboring parts of sheet. Since required cooling rate for hardening can only be ensured by contact between hot sheet and cold die, these zones will be left unhardened. For example, critical cooling rate of 25-30 C/sec.
  • FIG. 3 another important feature is that cooling channels which will be used together with the contact between hot sheet and cold die which will not usually be sufficient for hardening in a workpiece that is to be hot stamped and die quenched. Uncompleted hardening resulted from this insufficient contact is encountered on the side edges of the sheet. Space between lower and upper dies which allows sheet to slide, prevent the solid contact pressure between sheet and die surfaces even when dies are completely closed. Air channels ( 25 ) which will be grooved on the parts of die surface, which correspond these zones, will form an air flow channel which will be bounded by sheet surface from one side and channel notch on the die surface from other side. There are air pipes ( 22 , 23 ) placed in the die which deliver air flow from an air pressure system.
  • Entrance ( 22 ) and exit ( 23 ) should be designed by considering the channel structures ( 25 ) and feeding pressure should be determined by considering the air flow speed required for cooling.
  • These channels ( 25 ) are formed when sheet is compressed between lower ( 24 ) and upper ( 16 ) dies during hot stamping, and pumped air or another cooling agent will increase the cooling rate by quickly sweeping the sheet surface. By this way critical, cooling conditions will able to be ensured easily. Sheet can be secured to stay horizontally flowing in balance by making spaces on the other die surface which faces the channels of one die. Those can be appropriately designed for each workpiece according to die shape and material properties.
  • edges which will be cut are in flat form. These edges will be relatively soft since there is no any metallic surface contact to these zones and they will be able to be cut easily in a cutting die after forming.
  • FIG. 3 shows also a feature which performs trimming operation between hot stamping and die quenching stages.
  • a blank holder type with reduced contact interface is situated outside of the die.
  • Inner edges of these blank holders and outer edges of the die surface are designed as cutting tools to be used for trimming extensions of the stamped sheet. Spacing between these inner and outer cutting edges and their sharpness rate are determined properly for cutting at the end of the stamping stage.
  • These cutting edges are preferably made as separate and replaceable parts fixed to die and blank holder. In this way they can be sharpened or replaced in the case of wear or damage without changing other tools.
  • stamping stage blank holder provides controlled strain in material flow. At the end of the forming stage inner cutting edges of the same tool is used for trimming operation by being acted by an external force.
  • (secondary) hydraulic system used for blank holder action can be used for acting of cutting tools.
  • separate hydraulic pistons can be used for acting part ( 29 ) upward for cutting sheet between cutting edges of part 26 and 29 .
  • FIG. 4 cutting tool which will be placed into hot stamping die.
  • FIG. 4A show the system structure when piercing tool is in its slot (unpushed state) and ledge strip which encloses the piercing zone is out. This state is the beginning of stamping.
  • FIG. 4B shows the state in which sheet has been formed and piercing has been done at the end of stamping.
  • Application of the structure which is used in cold cutting dies, to the hot cutting dies results in some problems such as trying to cut of hardened workpiece and form defects. For this reason, the structure shown in FIG. 4 should be used.
  • Basic principle of this subject is to prevent the contact of zones to be cut-pierced to die surfaces and cooling-hardening resulted from this contact before cutting operation. When suitable conditions are achieved, that is workpiece has been formed, piercing zones which have been prevented from contacting to cold die surfaces and from cooling and hardening will be pierced by piercing tool.
  • these ledges ( 33 ) are of springy structure which can enter into die, prevent parts of sheet in piercing zone from contacting during forming stage and then enter into slot ( 32 ) on the die by being pushed by other die during complete closing of two dies.
  • the spring which pushes the ledges is so strong that it can push the sheet during forming stage but can be closed during closing of dies.
  • FIG. 5 Another option of piercing subject based on the same principle is shown in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 5 there are one male die and connected piercing tool and a female die on which piercing holes are placed. Although they normally stand facing each other, they are drawn next to each other in order to show the structure of both.
  • hydraulic piercing tool 38 , 39 , 40
  • FIG. 5 hydraulic piercing tool ( 38 , 39 , 40 ) is placed inner side ( 43 ) of one of dies ( 44 ).
  • piercing holes ( 45 ) in the corresponding place which is opposite of the location of this tool.
  • piercing zones are prevented from contacting to die surface ( 46 ) and hole zone ( 45 ) by ledge strip ( 42 ).
  • ledge strip On the die ( 44 ) on which piercing tool is placed, since piercing set is located inner side ( 40 ) piercing zone of sheet is prevented from early cooling and hardening.
  • Notch ( 41 ) and ledge ( 42 ) pairs which are placed around piercing edges and corresponding piercing holes respectively and shown as connected to moveable hydraulic piston in FIG. 5 , may be directly placed around male and female piercing sets. In this situation, when two dies are completely closed piercing and being pulled away of sheet from piercing tools by this notch and ledge pairs will be done. This option will be cheaper and easier to apply.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
US12/161,551 2006-01-18 2007-01-16 Method for Delaying of Cooling and Hardening of Desired Zones of a Sheet During a Hot Metal Stamping Process Abandoned US20080295563A1 (en)

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TR200600144 2006-01-18
TR2006/00144 2006-01-18
PCT/TR2007/000002 WO2007084089A2 (fr) 2006-01-18 2007-01-16 Outil de régulation des effets de refroidissement et de durcissement dans les opérations d'estampage à chaud

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EP (1) EP1973679A2 (fr)
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US20130283882A1 (en) * 2010-10-27 2013-10-31 Mgf Magnesium Flachstahl Gmbh Process and Installation for Producing a Component from Sheet Magnesium
WO2014163832A1 (fr) * 2013-03-13 2014-10-09 Magna International Inc. Traitement de pièces estampées à chaud
US20140352388A1 (en) * 2011-09-27 2014-12-04 Imperial Innovations Limited Method of forming parts from sheet steel
EP2371465B1 (fr) * 2010-03-23 2015-07-01 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication de pièces moulées durcies
US20160067760A1 (en) * 2010-12-22 2016-03-10 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Surface layer grain refining hot-shearing method and workpiece obtained by surface layer grain refining hot-shearing
WO2016039102A1 (fr) * 2014-09-12 2016-03-17 本田技研工業株式会社 Procédé de formage à la presse et dispositif d'agrandissement de matériau en plaque utilisé dans ledit procédé
US20160244855A1 (en) * 2013-10-21 2016-08-25 Edward K. Steinebach Method For Trimming A Hot Formed Part
US20160281185A1 (en) * 2015-03-26 2016-09-29 Weba Werkzeugbau Betriebs Gmbh Producing a partially hardened formed part
JP2017064775A (ja) * 2015-10-02 2017-04-06 株式会社三井ハイテック プレス加工装置及びプレス加工方法
JP2017170423A (ja) * 2016-03-18 2017-09-28 游家龍 霧化装置及び該霧化装置を備えたノズル
JP2018020353A (ja) * 2016-08-03 2018-02-08 株式会社豊田中央研究所 熱間プレス成形金型と熱間プレス成形方法
US20180171423A1 (en) * 2016-12-15 2018-06-21 Hyundai Motor Company Three-Dimensional Cooling Type Hot-Stamping Method and System and Vehicle Structural Member Manufactured by the Same
JP2020116608A (ja) * 2019-01-24 2020-08-06 マツダ株式会社 熱間プレス加工装置
JP2020116609A (ja) * 2019-01-24 2020-08-06 マツダ株式会社 熱間プレス加工装置
CN114555256A (zh) * 2019-10-14 2022-05-27 昂登坦工程有限公司 压制系统和方法
US20220250134A1 (en) * 2019-08-01 2022-08-11 G-Tekt Corporation Mold and method of manufacturing the same
CN115582486A (zh) * 2022-09-28 2023-01-10 合肥工业大学 基于点阵结构的定制化性能热成形模具及其流道设计方法
US11565343B2 (en) * 2017-07-13 2023-01-31 Kohler Co. Laser-welded faucet
CN118162534A (zh) * 2024-04-25 2024-06-11 齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院) 一种刀角用控温自动化热冲压设备及其工作方法
CN119056953A (zh) * 2024-09-30 2024-12-03 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 热成型件切边冲孔的方法及切边冲孔模具

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WO2007084089A2 (fr) 2006-01-18 2007-07-26 Mehmet Terziakin Outil de régulation des effets de refroidissement et de durcissement dans les opérations d'estampage à chaud
WO2009130175A1 (fr) * 2008-04-25 2009-10-29 Aleris Aluminum Duffel Bvba Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce structurelle en alliage d'aluminium
KR101171450B1 (ko) 2009-12-29 2012-08-06 주식회사 포스코 도금 강재의 열간 프레스 성형방법 및 이를 이용한 열간 프레스 성형품
TWI472385B (zh) * 2011-12-30 2015-02-11 Metal Ind Res & Dev Ct A sheet metal having a surface microstructure and a metal plate press forming apparatus using the press plate
DE102017128742A1 (de) * 2017-12-04 2019-06-06 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Pressenwerkzeug zur Herstellung eines metallischen Formbauteils
CN112007995B (zh) * 2020-09-14 2025-04-04 湖南晓光汽车模具有限公司 一种随形冷却管道截面积可变的热冲压模具
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US8578750B2 (en) * 2006-08-28 2013-11-12 Magna Automotive Services Gmbh Method and tool for hot forming a metal workpiece
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