US20080157567A1

US20080157567A1 - Structural System For An Automotive Vehicle

Info

Publication number: US20080157567A1
Application number: US12/045,937
Authority: US
Inventors: Mostafa Rashidy; George Wolenter; Robert G. Storc; James E. Robertson
Original assignee: Specialty Vehicle Acquisition Corp
Current assignee: Specialty Vehicle Acquisition Corp
Priority date: 2003-09-03
Filing date: 2008-03-11
Publication date: 2008-07-03
Also published as: EP1593586A2; US7413240B2; EP1593586A3; US20050134091A1

Abstract

A structural reinforcement system is provided for an automotive vehicle. In another aspect of the present invention, a structural beam is employed which extends in a cross-vehicle direction spaced above a vehicle floor. A further aspect of the present invention provides a cross-vehicle reinforcement beam inside another structural member. Yet another aspect of the present invention uses a structural reinforcement system in a convertible roof vehicle.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional of U.S. Ser. No. 10/979,873, filed Nov. 2, 2004, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 10/822,901, filed on Apr. 13, 2004, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/499,669, filed on Sep. 3, 2003. The disclosures of the above applications are incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention generally relates to automotive vehicle structure and more particularly to a cross-vehicle structural reinforcement for an automotive vehicle.
Cross-vehicle body stiffness within automotive vehicles is important in reducing torsional twist and vibration of the body, but also improves the ride and handling of the vehicle. This issue is especially important for convertible vehicles where the removal of the traditional fixed roof structure further decreases vehicle stiffness to the point where four door convertible roof vehicles have been essentially impractical to achieve with conventional body structure. Furthermore, U.S. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (“FMVSS”) 214 relates to side impact collision protection for vehicles. This governmental standard employs a moving barrier, equivalent to a truck bumper, which impacts the vehicle generally at and below a belt-line of the front door and B-pillar. FMVSS 214 puts an added premium on cross-vehicle stiffness.
U.S. Pat. No. 1,694,546 entitled “Motor Car,” which issued to Lancia on Dec. 11, 1928, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,788,322 entitled “Body Structure for a Rear Carriage of a Convertible,” which issued to Wolf et al. on Aug. 4, 1998, have both attempted to provide some cross-vehicle structure. It is noteworthy, however, that both constructions are attached to a fixed seat back and/or passenger compartment panel. Furthermore, the Lancia construction appears to lack any cross-vehicle structural support that would significantly resist side impacts or torsion, especially for a modern unibody construction vehicle.
In accordance with the present invention, a structural reinforcement system is provided for an automotive vehicle. In another aspect of the present invention, a structural beam is employed which extends in a cross-vehicle direction spaced above a vehicle floor. A further aspect of the present invention provides a cross-vehicle reinforcement beam inside another structural member. A variety of structural beam-to-pillar mounting arrangements are also provided in additional aspects of the present invention. Yet another aspect of the present invention uses a structural reinforcement system in a convertible roof vehicle.
The present invention is advantageous over conventional constructions, in that the present invention significantly improves cross-vehicle resistance to side impact collisions and provides torsional stiffness sufficient for use with a large four door vehicle, such as one having a convertible roof. Spacing the structural beam away from the floor reduces “match boxing” of the vehicle body as compared to traditional, floor mounted reinforcements. Moreover, the beam-to-pillar mounting structures of the present invention significantly enhance side impact resistance as compared to prior constructions. Additional features and advantages of the present invention will be shown and described with reference to the following description and appended figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view showing an alternate embodiment automotive vehicle employing a structural reinforcement system of the present invention, with a hard-top convertible roof in a retracted position and with the left side doors removed;

FIG. 2 is a side elevational view showing an alternate embodiment automotive vehicle employing a structural reinforcement system, with the hard-top convertible roof in a raised position and with the left side doors removed;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view as seen from behind the right rear corner, showing an alternate embodiment automotive vehicle employing a structure reinforcement system of the present invention, with a slidably retracting roof in a raised position;

FIG. 4 is a partially fragmentary, rear diagrammatic view, as seen from line 4-4 of FIG. 1, showing the alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic side view showing a first alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system made by stamping;

FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic side view showing a second alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system made by hydroforming;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a fragmentary third alternate embodiment automotive vehicle employing a structural reinforcement system of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic, partially cross-sectional view, taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 4, showing the second alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system;

FIG. 9 is a diagrammatic, cross-sectional view, taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 4, showing the first alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG. 4, showing the second alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG. 4, showing the first alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system;

FIG. 12 is a diagrammatic rear view, as seen from line 4-4 of FIG. 1, showing a fourth alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a diagrammatic rear view, as seen from line 4-4 of FIG. 1, showing a fifth alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the fifth alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a diagrammatic rear view, as seen from line 4-4 of FIG. 1, showing a sixth alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a diagrammatic top view showing a seventh alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a diagrammatic side view showing an eighth alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a diagrammatic, perspective view showing another alternate embodiment system of the present invention but with a soft top convertible roof;

FIG. 19 is a bottom elevational view showing a first preferred embodiment of the structural system of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a fragmentary and perspective view showing the first preferred embodiment structural system;

FIG. 21 is a fragmentary and rear, elevational view showing the first preferred embodiment structural system;

FIG. 22 is a diagrammatic side elevational view showing the first preferred embodiment structural system;

FIG. 23 is a diagrammatic top elevational view showing the first preferred embodiment structural system;

FIG. 24 is a fragmentary and perspective view showing the first preferred embodiment structural system;

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view, taken along line 25-25 of FIG. 22, showing the first preferred embodiment structural system;

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view, taken along line 26-26 of FIG. 23, showing the first preferred embodiment structural system;

FIG. 27 is a fragmentary and perspective view showing a second preferred embodiment of the structural system of the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a rear, diagrammatic view showing the second preferred embodiment structural system;

FIG. 29 is a top diagrammatic view showing the second preferred embodiment structural system;

FIG. 30 is a rear diagrammatic view showing a ninth alternate embodiment of the present invention structural system;

FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view, taken along line 26-26 of FIG. 23, showing a portion of the preferred embodiment structural system;

FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view, like that of FIG. 31, showing a tenth alternate embodiment of the present invention structural system;

FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view, like that of FIG. 31, showing an eleventh alternate embodiment of the present invention structural system;

FIG. 34 is a rear perspective view showing a twelfth alternate embodiment of the structural system of the present invention;

FIG. 35 is a fragmentary and front, perspective view showing the twelfth alternate embodiment structural system;

FIG. 36 is a rear, diagrammatic view showing the twelfth alternate embodiment structural system;

FIG. 37 is a rear, diagrammatic view showing a thirteenth alternate embodiment of the present invention structural system;

FIG. 38 is a rear, diagrammatic view showing a fourteenth alternate embodiment of the present invention structural system;

FIG. 39 is a fragmentary, perspective view showing the fourteenth alternate embodiment structural system;

FIG. 40 is a fragmentary, perspective view, like that of FIG. 39, showing the fourteenth alternate embodiment structural system with a structural cover plate removed;

FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view, taken along line 41-41 of FIG. 39, showing the fourteenth alternate embodiment structural system;

FIG. 42 is a fragmentary, perspective view showing a fifteenth alternate embodiment of the structural system of the present invention;

FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view, taken along line 43-43 of FIG. 42, showing the fifteenth alternate embodiment structural system;

FIG. 44 is a fragmentary, rear perspective view showing a sixteenth alternate embodiment of the present invention structural system; and

FIG. 45 is a fragmentary and diagrammatic rear view showing a seventeenth alternate embodiment of the present invention structural system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

An automotive vehicle according to the present invention has a body, a convertible roof and a structural reinforcement system 19. In an alternate embodiment of vehicle 21, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the convertible roof is a retractable hard-top roof including a front hard-top section 23, a middle hard-top section 25 and a rear hard-top section 27. The hard-top sections are interconnected by a linkage assembly (not shown) driven by an automatic actuator 29, such as an electric motor or hydraulic cylinder. The convertible roof is movable from a raised and closed position above front passenger seats 31 and rear passenger seats 33 in a passenger compartment 35, as shown in FIG. 2, to a retracted and open position within a roof storage compartment 37, as shown in FIG. 1. Roof storage compartment 32 is a trunk with a dual opening decklid, or a bootwall, forward and separated from a trunk, covered by an automatically openable tonneau cover. Such a hard-top roof and linkage assembly is disclosed in U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/245,973, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,695,386, entitled “Vehicle Retractable Hardtop Roof,” which was invented by Michael T. Willard and filed on Sep. 18, 2002, which is incorporated by reference herein.
Referring to FIG. 18, a soft top convertible roof 41 is also usable with the present invention, and is disclosed in U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/403,362, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,695,385, entitled “Vehicle Convertible Roof,” which was invented by Eric W. Lange and filed on Mar. 31, 2003; this disclosure is incorporated by reference herein. Soft top roof 41 includes a top stack mechanism including left and right, front, center and rear side rails, 42, 43 and 44, respectively, with four spanning roof bows 45 and multiple linkages 48. An electric motor or hydraulic actuator 46 automatically drives the mechanism and a pliable roof cover 47 is attached to and covers roof bows 45. More preferably, an in-folding soft top convertible roof is employed, such as that disclosed in U.S. Ser. No. 60/612,384, entitled “In-Folding Convertible Roof” which was filed on Sep. 23, 2004, and invented by Dilluvio; this application is incorporated by reference herein. Furthermore, FIG. 3 shows multiple sliding roof panels and a slidably retracting backlite or back window, which are employed with the present invention in another alternate embodiment. This is disclosed in PCT Publication No. WO 02/096685 entitled “Automotive Vehicle with Open Air System” which was invented by Doncov et al. and published on Dec. 5, 2002; this disclosure is also incorporated by reference herein.
Returning to the alternate embodiment of FIGS. 4-6, structural reinforcement system 19 is made up of multiple cross-vehicle upper and lower beams 51 and 53, respectively, and interconnected diagonal and vertical beams 55 and 57, respectively. Upper beam 51 is positioned adjacent a beltline 61 of the vehicle and lower beam 53 is attached to a sheet metal floor pan 63 of the vehicle. The outboard vertical beams 57 are welded, riveted or otherwise secured to B-pillars 65 of the vehicle. Beams are integrally hydroformed as a single steel piece, as shown in FIGS. 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13 and 15. In another embodiment, beams are integrally stamped from sheet metal as a single piece, as shown in FIGS. 5, 9 and 11. Gussets 91 are attached to a center tunnel 93 of vehicle and to outboard rocker panels 95 of the unibody vehicle. Alternately, separated created beams can be welded together.
Reference should be made to FIGS. 7 and 8 where a polymeric center, floor trim console 101 extends from a front passenger area 107, through a recess 103 in upper beam 51 and into a rear seating area 109, between bucket front seats and bucket rear seats. Polymeric trim panels 105 also cover the exterior of structural system 19. Door hinge hardware 121 can be secured directly to reinforcement system 19 by bolts, rivets or welding. A decorative B-pillar facia 123 is attached to structural system 19 in an alternate embodiment. An electronic entertainment system 141, such as including an audio or video compact disc player, movie player, radio or the like, is located in a central pocket of each side of structural system 19 for use by the rear seat passengers. Furthermore, an inflatable air bag system 151 (see FIG. 12) may be provided in each pocket of structural system 19, the beams of which are angled to properly channel the deployment forces into the floor and B-pillars. Moreover, roll bars 161 (see FIG. 4) are optionally secured to upper beam 51 on each side of the vehicle's fore-and-aft centerline 162.
FIG. 13 illustrates a fifth alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system 19 of the present invention. This exemplary structural reinforcement system 19 includes an upper beam 161, a lower beam 163, and pairs of crossing diagonal beams 165 and 167 spanning between the upper and lower beams outboard of a middle, recess 169 where upper and lower beams 161 and 163 converge. Ends of upper and lower beams 161 and 163 are directly affixed to adjacent and generally vertical B-pillars 65 and rocker panels 95, without supplemental vertical beams. A simulated bumper 171, according to FMVSS 214, is shown adjacent to the vehicle beltline which is generally aligned with the intersection between upper beam 161 and B-pillar 65.
FIG. 14 shows structural reinforcement system 19 with a floor-mounted, trim console 101 centrally extending in a fore-and-aft centerline direction of the vehicle. In this variation, console 101 extends between bucket front seats 173 and either is interrupted by, passes above or passes below beam recess 169. The rear end of console 101 terminates forward of a bench rear seat 175.
A sixth alternate embodiment system 19 is shown in FIG. 15. In this embodiment, a generally straight and horizontal upper beam 181 is connected to a lower beam 183 by multiple branching, intermediate beams 185. Lower beam 183 has a raised central segment 187 to circumvent the floor tunnel. Beams 181 and 183 are attached to B-pillars 65 and rocker panels 95. A central, component cluster assembly 189 is mounted to system 19 within an aperture between the beams for use by the rear seat passengers. Component cluster assembly 189 includes audio and video entertainment systems 191, heating/ventilating/air conditioning ducts and controls 193, a storage compartment 195, communications devices 197, and the like.
Referring to FIG. 16, a seventh alternate embodiment of a structural reinforcement system 251 includes a structural beam 253 extending in a primarily cross-vehicle direction. Ends 255 of beam 253 are welded or otherwise fastened to B pillars 257. Beam 253 has a pair of arcuately curved segments 259 joining at a forwardly extending central segment 261 which can be optionally secured to a floor panel 263 or fore-and-aft extending tunnel attached thereto, by a generally vertical bracket or gusset. A front seat 265 is located forward of each curved segment 259 and each seat back may have a top view curve conforming with the adjacent curved shape of beam 253. A floor mounted, interior trim console (such as that shown in FIG. 14) may be provided between seats 265 and can either extend above center segment 261 for use by both front and rear seat passengers, may extend below central segment 261 such that the center portion of beam 253 creates an aesthetic styling element in the vehicle as well as providing a functional reinforcement, or a two-piece console may sandwich central segment 261 of beam 253. The rear view shape of beam 253 can extend straight across the vehicle or may have a central depression such as that shown in FIGS. 4 and 7.
FIG. 17 illustrates an eighth alternate embodiment structural reinforcement system 301 of the present invention. In this embodiment, a structural beam 303 extends in a generally straight (when viewed from the top and rear) orientation between the B-pillars or other upstanding structural members of the automotive vehicle adjacent the rocker panels. Beam 303 is an enclosed and hollow polygon, here shown with four sides when viewed in cross-section, which can be created from and extruded or hydroformed steel. Rear sections 305 of metal seat tracks 307 are attached to beam 303 by welded or riveted brackets 309. Front sections 311 of seat tracks 307 are attached to a metal floor panel 313 by welded, riveted or bolted on brackets. Front seats 315, or other passenger seats, and their respective seat movement mechanisms 317 are attached to seat tracks 307. Exemplary seat movement mechanisms 317 are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,575,531 entitled “Vehicle Power Seat Adjuster with End Driven Lead Screw Actuation” which issued to Gauger, et al. on Nov. 19, 1996, and is incorporated by reference herein. Space is provided below beam 303 and the adjacent portion of seat tracks 307 so as to maximize passenger compartment leg room and foot room. Beam 303 is secured to the vehicle well below a belt line area but may be useful in trucks, vans, sport utility vehicles and other situations that serve to add the required vibrational stiffness, minimize cross-vehicle and diagonal twisting of the vehicle body, while also improving crashworthiness during side impact. Thus, beam 303 advantageously serves as a multifunctional part.
A first preferred embodiment of the structural system of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 19-26. FIG. 19 illustrates supplemental bracing of underbody 331 of an automotive vehicle 333, which includes a structural floor pan 335 and rocker panels 337 and 339. The supplemental bracing includes a pair of inwardly angled front braces 341 and 343, a pair of oppositely expanding V-shaped middle braces 345 and 347, a generally flat central brace 349 extending fore and aft of middle braces 345 and 347, and a pair of inwardly angled rear braces 351 and 353.
Referring now to FIGS. 21-25, a center or B-pillar 361 upwardly projects in a generally vertical manner between front and rear door openings 363 and 365, respectively, from each rocker panel 337 on the outboard sides of floor pan 335. Each B-pillar has an inner, stamped steel panel 367, an outer, stamped steel panel 369 and an exterior, polymeric trim molding 371. Inner and outer panels 367 and 369 are welded together at flanges 373 and 375, and define an elongated hollow area 377 therebetween. Rocker panel 337 is similarly constructed with an inner, stamped steel panel 381 and an outer, stamped steel panel 383, welded together at pinch weld flanges 385 and defining a fore-and-aft elongated hollow area 387 therebetween.
A generally vertical, steel reinforcing tube 391 is welded to each center pillar 361, within hollow 377, and is attached to a generally fore-and-aft elongated and horizontal reinforcing steel tube 393 which is welded to rocker panel 337 in hollow 387. A reinforcement cross beam 401 is welded to a middle segment of vertical reinforcement tube 391 and is elongated in a generally straight, cross-vehicle and horizontal orientation projecting inwardly between the B-pillars 361. Cross beam 401 is a structural steel tube. An upper diagonal reinforcement tube 403 upwardly and outwardly extends from cross beam 401 and is welded onto an upper segment of vertical reinforcement tube 391, which is considered herein to be part of the B-pillar. A lower diagonal reinforcement tube 405 downwardly and outwardly extends from cross beam 401 and is welded to a lower segment of vertical reinforcement tube 391 and/or rocker reinforcement tube 393. Both B-pillar reinforcement systems are similarly constructed in mirrored symmetry to each other and are connected by the continuous cross beam 401.
A structural outer member 411 is best observed in FIGS. 21, 24 and 26. Structural outer member or supplemental cross beam 411 is preferably shown as two stamped, steel parts that are welded or riveted together to encase or surround a majority of main cross beam 401 therein between B-pillars 361. Alternately, structural outer member 411 may consist of a circular-cylindrical tube or rectangular cross-sectionally shaped reinforcement surrounding cross beam 401. Preferably, cross beam 401 is inwardly spaced from a majority of support outer member 411, and outer member 411 is attached to B-pillars 361 and a floor tunnel 413 by diagonally extending, structural gusset covers 415, 417 and 419. Structural outer member 411 serves to reinforce and limit buckling of the otherwise straight cross beam 401 during a side impact collision and to further stiffen the vehicle body between the B-pillars 361 during extreme torsional operating forces of the vehicle.
FIG. 20 shows polymeric, interior trim panels 425 attached to B-pillars 361 and structural outer member 411, which may have fastening holes therein. Thus, cross beam 401, structural outer member 411, the gusset covers and diagonal tubes 403 and 405 are all aesthetically hidden by interior trim panels 425. Furthermore, foot room clearance is provided between the underside of interior trim panels 425, structural outer member 411 and cross beam 401, relative to the spaced apart floor pan 335, as can be observed in FIGS. 21 and 26. This structural system-to-floor spacing further improves side impact resistance and torsional resistance of the vehicle, especially when impacted by a truck or other raised bumper of a colliding vehicle. Cross beam 401 is preferably of a hollow and circular cross-sectional configuration, such as that shown in FIGS. 26 and 31, or it may be filled with a solid yet somewhat compressible foam, such as that shown in FIG. 32, filled with a solid polymeric material (not shown), or may have a D-like cross sectional shape such as that illustrated in FIG. 33.
A second preferred embodiment structural system of the present invention is illustrated in FIGS. 27-29. This embodiment is similar to the first preferred embodiment, however, a main cross beam 451 is integrally formed as a single piece with upper diagonal tube 453 and lower diagonal tube 455, such as by hydroforming or sheet stamping. Additionally, fore-and-aft enlarged plates 457, 459 and 461 are welded onto their respective ends of tubes 453 and 455, and beam 451. These plates 457, 459 and 461 are, in turn, screwed or riveted onto box-like stamped or cast brackets 463, 465 and 467 which are secured to a generally vertically extending reinforcement tube 469 welded inside of the center pillar. As an option, main cross beam 451 can be bolted to a center tunnel 413 as shown in FIG. 37.
FIG. 30 shows a ninth alternate embodiment structural system of the present invention wherein a straight and circularly sectioned cross beam 481 extends in a generally horizontal and crosscar direction and is directly coupled to generally vertical reinforcement tubes 483 welded within center pillars 361 and rocker panels 337. The center of cross beam 481 is welded to or passes above a centrally located and fore-and-aft elongated floor tunnel 485 of the vehicle. Diagonally extending upper and lower reinforcement tubes 487 and 489 couple outboard segments of cross beam 481 to pillar reinforcement tube 483 and a rocker reinforcement tube 491. Interior trim panels 493, 495 and 497 aesthetically cover the top, front, back and bottom of cross beam 481, and diagonal upper and lower reinforcement tubes 487 and 489. Front passenger seats 499 are located in front of and are independently movable in a fore-and-aft direction and up-down direction with regard to cross beam 481. Unlike with the first preferred embodiment, no surrounding structural member (such as 411 shown in FIG. 21) is employed.
A twelfth alternate embodiment has a first sub-variation shown in FIGS. 34 and 35. A vehicle body, cross beam 501, structural outer reinforcement 502, upper and lower diagonal reinforcement tubes 503 and 505, vertical pillar reinforcement tubes 507 and rocker reinforcement tubes 509 are constructed like that disclosed in the first preferred embodiment, specifically FIGS. 21 and 26. Cross beam 501 and the surrounding structural outer member 502, however, differ in that they project in a generally straight line through floor tunnel 413 and are mounted inside a coupler 511 secured to floor tunnel 413. Referring to FIG. 36, a second sub-variation of this embodiment provides for a single cross beam 501′ but without the supplemental structural outer member. It is also noteworthy that in this embodiment, as well as with the first preferred embodiment, additional structural, cross-vehicle panels 513 and 515 are provided at the front windshield header and between the rear wheel houses where the rear seat back panel is located.
A thirteenth alternate embodiment is depicted in FIG. 37 wherein two coaxially aligned cross beams 521 and 523 inwardly project between B-pillars 361 and are coupled together by a circular-cylindrically shaped and hollow coupler 525. Coupler 525 is secured to floor tunnel 413 internal to a steel, floor tunnel reinforcement cap 527 attached to floor tunnel 413. Coupler 525 normally allows clearance of adjacent inboard ends 529 and 531 of cross beams 521 and 523, respectively, such that normal cross-vehicle tolerance variations and temperature induced contraction and expansion are allowed by varied end-to-end spacing of cross beams 521 and 523 within coupling 525. In a side impact situation, however, significant inward movement of the initially impacted cross beam will then cause its inboard end to abut against the opposing inboard end of the other cross beam within coupling 525, thereafter acting as a single and unitary cross beam in resisting the side impact collision.
A fourteenth preferred embodiment of the present invention structural system is illustrated in FIGS. 38-41. A structural cross beam 551 and structural outer member 553, surrounding cross beam 551 like that of the first preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 26, are used with this embodiment. Cross beam 551 is welded to vertically extending pillar reinforcement tube 555. Furthermore, a corrugated and diagonally extending, structural gusset 557 upwardly and outwardly projects from structural outer member 553 or alternately, cross beam 551, and is welded or riveted to inner panel 367 of B-pillar 361. Gusset 557 has a generally triangularly shaped configuration when viewed from the rear and includes a pair of attached corrugated and stamped steel panels 559 and 561 which are in mirrored symmetry to each other. Panels 559 and 561 have outer flanges 563 attached to the inner panel of the B-pillar, and inner flanges 565 attached to a structural, stamped steel gusset cover plate 567 (shown in FIGS. 39 and 41). The corrugations define diagonally extending ribs or flutes within each plate to add torsional stiffness. A box-like and generally diagonally extending structural gusset 571 projects from structural outer member 553 in a downward and outwardly angled manner to the bottom of center pillar 361 and rocker panel 337.
Referring to FIGS. 42 and 43, a fifteenth alternate embodiment structural system of the present invention is similar to the configuration employed with the prior alternate embodiment of FIGS. 38-41, except that a gusset cover plate is not employed and the upper gusset has a differing configuration. More specifically, an upper gusset 601 is defined by a pair of stamped steel gusset plates 603 and 605 which are attached to the inner panel of B-pillar 361. Gusset plates 603 and 605 are stamped in mirrored symmetry and each has a generally L-shaped pillar section 607, with an outwardly projecting pinch weld flange, and a corrugated or ribbed section 609 which defines generally circular and hollow flutes when the panels are joined together, thereby adding diagonal structural rigidity between the attached structural outer member 611 and B-pillar 361. This diagonal gusset, as well as that of the prior embodiment, are preferably covered by an aesthetically pleasing, polymeric and/or carpeted interior trim panel.
As shown in FIG. 44, a sixteenth alternate embodiment structural system of the present invention provides diagonally extending upper reinforcement beams 651 and 653, of a tubular configuration, which attach to either a tubular cross beam 655 and/or surrounding structural outer member 657 immediately adjacent a center, floor tunnel area 659. An upper end of each diagonal upper beam 651 and 653 attaches to a portion of each center pillar 631 adjacent beltline 61 (see FIG. 1) of the vehicle. The upper and outer end of each diagonal tube 651 and 653 may additionally or alternately be welded to a vertically extending pillar reinforcement tube.
Moreover, FIG. 45 shows a seventeenth alternate embodiment of the present invention structural system wherein an outer coupling 701 has an enlarged flange 703 screwed or riveted to an inner panel of center pillar 761. Coupling 701 also has a cylindrical and hollow collar 705 which slidably receives an outboard end of a tubular cross beam 707. Coupling 701 is configured to allow cross-vehicle movement of the secured cross beam 707 relative to pillar 361 to account for normal cross-vehicle manufacturing tolerance variations. A lost motion screw or pin fastener can optionally extend through an elongated slot in collar 705 and engage within a snug aperture in cross beam 707 to prevent complete disengagement of cross beam 707 from coupling 701 yet allow tolerance variations.
While various aspects of the structural reinforcement system have been disclosed, it should be appreciated that variations may be made which fall within the scope of the present invention. For example, additional accessories can be attached to any of the structural reinforcement beams disclosed herein such as folding tables, lamps, telephones, computers and the like. Furthermore, the beams can alternately be manufactured from composite materials such as glass-filled polymers, metal inserts molded within polymers, and the like. The cross-vehicle beams and reinforcements can also be employed behind rear seats, in front of instrument panels or between other vehicle pillars although various advantageous of the present invention may not be fully achieved. Structural system 19 is preferably employed in a convertible vehicle having four, side passenger doors 213 but may also be used in a stretch limousine having four or more passenger doors and a stationary roof. Bullet-proof armor is optionally mounted along a cross-car plane parallel and internal to trim panels 105. Furthermore, it should be appreciated that alternate beam shapes can be employed. It is intended by the following claims to cover these and any other departures from the disclosed embodiments that fall within the true spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. An automotive vehicle apparatus comprising:

a structural pillar elongated in a substantially vertical direction behind a front door opening; and

a structural beam and a structural member surrounding a majority of the structural beam, the structural beam and member being elongated in a substantially horizontal direction and being substantially parallel to each other;

the structural beam and member being coupled to the pillar.

2. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:

a first passenger seating area, the front door opening located laterally adjacent the first seating area;

a second passenger seating area located rearwardly of the first seating area; and

a second door opening located laterally adjacent the second seating area, the second door opening being located on the same side as and rearwardly of the first door opening;

the structural beam and member being located substantially between the first and second seating areas.

3. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a convertible roof movable to a raised position, covering the front and rear seating areas, to a retracted position.

4. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a first diagonal beam downwardly extending from and coupling a lower side of the structural beam to the pillar.

5. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 4 further comprising a second diagonal beam upwardly extending from and coupling an upper side of the structural beam to the pillar.

6. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 1 wherein the structural beam is substantially straight between outboard portions of the vehicle.

7. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 1 further comprising aesthetically pleasing interior trim substantially hiding and substantially surrounding a majority of the structural beam and the structural member.

8. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 1 wherein the structural beam and structural member are elongated in a cross-vehicle direction.

9. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a corrugated gusset diagonally extending from the structural member.

10. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least a majority of the structural beam is spaced away from the structural member.

11. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:

at least three additional passenger door openings; and

the pillar is one of a pair of center pillars upwardly projecting between adjacent pairs of the door openings, at least one of the structural beam and the structural member being rigidly coupled to the pillars;

wherein the structural beam and the structural member assist the vehicle in satisfactorily passing Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard side impact test 214.

12. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:

at least two front seats located in the front seating area, the front seats being independently movable and not restrained by the structural beam and the structural member;

a central floor tunnel;

the structural beam and structural member being located at or below a vehicular beltline, and above a vehicular floor, the structural beam and structural member being coupled to the floor tunnel.

13. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 1 wherein the structural beam is hydroformed metal of substantially circular cross-sectional shape.

14. An automotive vehicle apparatus comprising:

a structural, primary beam being elongated in a cross-vehicle direction;

a structural, diagonal beam upwardly extending from the primary beam and inclining away from a vehicular, fore-and-aft elongated centerline.

15. The apparatus of claim 14 further comprising a substantially vertical body pillar, the diagonal beam being coupled to the pillar.

16. The apparatus of claim 15 further comprising a substantially vertically extending and structural pillar reinforcement located inside of and affixed to the pillar, the diagonal beam and the primary beam being affixed to the pillar reinforcement.

17. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the pillar is a B-pillar located between front and rear passenger door openings.

18. The apparatus of claim 14 further comprising a vehicle rocker panel and a second, structural diagonal beam downwardly extending from the primary beam and being coupled adjacent the rocker panel.

19. The apparatus of claim 14 further comprising a raised vehicle floor tunnel, the primary beam being straight between its ends and attaching to the floor tunnel.

20. The apparatus of claim 14 further comprising at least one roll bar coupled to at least one of the beams.

21. The apparatus of claim 14 further comprising an electronic device coupled to at least one of the beams.

22. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein the beams are tubular metal.

23. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein the primary beam includes a rigid wall with a substantially closed cross-section filled with foam.

24. The apparatus of claim 14 further comprising a vehicle floor, wherein at least a majority of the primary beam is spaced above the floor.

25. The apparatus of claim 14 further comprising:

a convertible roof movable from an open position behind the primary beam to a closed position above the primary beam; and

a front seating area and a rear seating area, the primary beam being located substantially between the seating areas.

26. An automotive vehicle apparatus comprising:

a structural member extending in a substantially cross-vehicle direction; and

a structural gusset extending from an outboard portion of the structural member, the gusset having a corrugated configuration.

27. The apparatus of claim 26 further comprising a diagonal member upwardly and outwardly extending from the beam toward the same outboard end portion of the beam as the gusset, the diagonal member being structural, the beam being spaced above a vehicle floor.

28. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein the diagonal member is a gusset cover plate with a substantially flat middle section.

29. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein the diagonal member is an elongated and hollow tube.

30. The apparatus of claim 26 further comprising:

a front door opening;

a rear door opening; and

a structural pillar disposed between the front and rear door openings;

wherein the member assists the vehicle in satisfactorily passing Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard side impact test 214; and

wherein at least one of the member and the gusset are coupled to the pillar.

31. The apparatus of claim 26 further comprising a convertible roof movable from a raised position to a retracted position substantially below a plane defined by a vehicular beltline, the structural member and gusset being located in a passenger compartment of the vehicle.

32. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the structural member is a tubular beam.

33. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the gusset has a substantially triangular rear view shape and upwardly extends from the structural member.

34. An automotive vehicle apparatus comprising:

a first structural beam being elongated in a substantially cross-vehicle direction;

a second structural beam being elongated in a substantially cross-vehicle direction, the first and second beams being coaxially aligned with each other; and

a coupler receiving adjacent in-board end portions of the first and second beams and maintaining the end portions in structural alignment with each other, the coupler allowing some cross-vehicle movement of the first beam relative to the second beam but causing the end portion of the first beam to abut into the end portion of the second beam during a side impact condition.

35. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 34 further comprising substantially vertically extending, structural pillars being coupled to out-board end portions of the respective beams.

36. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 35 further comprising:

front door openings; and

rear door openings;

each of the pillars being disposed between their respective front and rear door openings;

wherein the beams assist the vehicle in satisfactorily passing Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard side impact test 214.

37. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 34 further comprising at least two front seats substantially located forward of the beams and at least two rear seats being located rearward of the beams, the seats being independently movable and not restrained by the beams.

38. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 34 wherein the coupler is attached to a central and structural floor tunnel.

39. The automotive vehicle apparatus of claim 34 further comprising a diagonal beam upwardly extending from the first beam adjacent an outboard end portion of the first beam, the first and second beams being spaced above a vehicle floor.

40. An automotive vehicle apparatus comprising:

a structural beam;

a structural floor;

a structural pillar upwardly extending adjacent an outboard portion of the floor; and

a structural tunnel extending in a substantially fore-and-aft elongated direction, the tunnel being centrally joined to the floor; and

a reinforcement attached to the tunnel;

the structural beam extending through at least one of: the reinforcement and the tunnel, in a substantially cross-vehicle direction and having an outboard end portion of the beam coupled to the pillar.

41. The automotive vehicle of claim 40 wherein the beam is spaced above the floor to allow foot room between the beam and the floor.

42. The automotive vehicle of claim 40 further comprising:

a front door opening; and

a rear door opening;

the pillar being disposed between the front and rear door openings;

wherein the beam assists the vehicle in satisfactorily passing Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard side impact test 214.

43. The automotive vehicle of claim 40 further comprising at least two front seats located forward of the beam and at least two rear seats located rearward of the beam, the seats being independently movable and not restrained by the beam, and a structural outer member being elongated in a cross-vehicle direction and surrounding a section of the beam.

44. The automotive vehicle of claim 40 further comprising a convertible roof movable from a raised position to a retracted position substantially below a plane defined by a vehicular beltline.