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US20060124257A9 - Method for bleaching mechanically defibered pulp - Google Patents

Method for bleaching mechanically defibered pulp Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060124257A9
US20060124257A9 US10/500,738 US50073804A US2006124257A9 US 20060124257 A9 US20060124257 A9 US 20060124257A9 US 50073804 A US50073804 A US 50073804A US 2006124257 A9 US2006124257 A9 US 2006124257A9
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United States
Prior art keywords
bleaching step
bleaching
pulp
spent liquor
concentrated
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Abandoned
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US10/500,738
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English (en)
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US20050098279A1 (en
Inventor
Teemu Tanner
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Individual
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Individual
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of US20050098279A1 publication Critical patent/US20050098279A1/en
Publication of US20060124257A9 publication Critical patent/US20060124257A9/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
    • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
    • D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
    • D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
    • D21B1/14—Disintegrating in mills
    • D21B1/16—Disintegrating in mills in the presence of chemical agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
    • D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
    • D21C9/16—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with per compounds
    • D21C9/163—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with per compounds with peroxides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for bleaching mechanically defibered pulp and particularly to a method for bleaching mechanically defibered pulp with peroxide in an alkaline, that is, a basic environment and for washing the bleached pulp, as well as for recovery of chemicals from the spent liquor of the bleaching process by concentrating the liquor, combusting the concentrated liquor and dissolving the ash resulting from the combustion into water
  • Wood can be processed chemically or mechanically to receive fibers suitable for papermaking.
  • chemical processes lignin that binds the fibers of wood together is dissolved in a chemical process at an elevated temperature and pressure.
  • the chemical solution may be either acid or basic.
  • an alkaline cooking process known as sulfate cooking is used having NaOH and Na 2 S as cooking chemicals. Pulp yield prior to bleaching is about 50%. Soluble wood substance and cooking chemicals are recovered from the fiber washing step as a solution having a total solids content above 10% the remainder being water. This spent liquor is concentrated by evaporation, whereupon it is combusted in a chemical recovery boiler.
  • the heat content of organic matter dissolved from wood is recovered as high-pressure steam, from which electricity and process steam of a lower pressure is produced, generally by means of a turbogenerator.
  • the chemicals form a melt at the bottom of the recovery boiler, which melt is dissolved in water and then converted by a conventional causticizing process into cooking chemicals suitable for reuse.
  • Thermo mechanical pulping process i.e. the TMP process
  • the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of this process is 50 to 80 kg/ton pulp produced.
  • the wastewater of the process is taken to a biological treatment process in conjunction with other wastewaters of the paper mill.
  • Chemi-mechanical refining or CTMP plants are not equally often integrated with a paper mill, but rather, the produced pulp is bleached, dried and transported for use elsewhere.
  • the chemical oxygen demand of wastewater from this process may be even twice as compared to conventional mechanically defibered pulp, whereby also the waste water treatment cost in a biological treatment plant is roughly doubled.
  • spent chemicals cannot be recovered, but instead, they are often dumped in nearby waterways thus forming an environmental hazard.
  • the CTMP process produces fibers at a high yield, which fibers in some applications can replace sulfate pulp. Moreover, the fiber yield is clearly higher and the investment costs in relation to production capacity is substantially lower than in a sulfate pulping process.
  • chips are impregnated with a Na 2 SO 3 solution.
  • chemical consumption is about 20 kg/ton pulp.
  • the pulp is bleached using about 20 kg H 2 O 2 /ton pulp together with an equal amount of NaOH.
  • impregnation is carried out with a sodium sulfite solution and bleaching is carried out with alkaline peroxide.
  • the spent liquors from both steps are concentrated by evaporation and the thus received concentrated liquor is combusted in a recovery boiler, wherein the dissolved organic matter is burned to carbon dioxide, while the spent sodium and sulfur chemicals are reduced to a melt of Na 2 S and Na 2 CO 3 .
  • the melt is cooled and stored for possible later use. Since both compounds are water-soluble, they must be stored in dry conditions.
  • the fiber to be produced herein is a so-called NSSC pulp produced by impregnating a Na 2 SO 3 solution at elevated pressure and temperature into the chips in a continuous digester. After cooking, the defibering is carried out in a refiner. Pulp yield is about 80% of the wood.
  • the active chemical used in the process is the same as in a CTMP process. According to the publication, chemical recovery is implemented by adding aluminum hydroxide to the evaporation process prior to final concentration. Additionally, recycled sodium aluminate is added to the strong spent liquor and this mixture is pelletized.
  • the pellets are combusted in a rotary recuperative furnace having a discharge-end temperature of above 900° C. Reducing conditions prevail in the interior of the pellets and the sulfur of the spent liquor is reduced to sulfide, and simultaneously sodium and aluminum form a stable sodium aluminate having a high melting temperature (1600° C.). Sulfur is released from the pellet as H 2 S and is immediately oxidized to SO 2 . A part of the combusted pellets are crushed and recirculated to the pelletization of strong spent liquor. The remaining part of the aluminate pellets is dissolved. Sodium aluminate is water-soluble and forms a strong alkaline liquor. The SO 2 of the flue gases is absorbed into this liquor, whereby Na 2 SO 3 is formed and the aluminum hydroxide precipitates.
  • the Na 2 SO 3 is reused for impregnation and the aluminum hydroxide is added to the evaporation phase of spent liquor.
  • CTMP pulp requires sulfonation of lignin in the impregnation phase, that is, use of sulfite, and the pulp is normally bleached using peroxide, which process needs alkaline conditions.
  • NaOH is used for controlling the pH.
  • the recovery of the heat content of the organic matter dissolved from wood requires such a high temperature that the chemicals used in the process melt at that temperature. Efficient recovery of heat and chemicals from such a melt is very demanding and requires expensive equipment investments.
  • Sodium aluminate is extremely alkaline, so it can be used instead of NaOH in peroxide bleaching of defibered pulp. Further, the melting point of sodium aluminate is so high that it will not melt in combusting concentrated spent liquors for recovering heat and chemicals, but instead it forms ash, which is readily dissolvable in water, in order to be recirculated.
  • the alkaline bleaching conditions according to the invention is provided by adding strongly alkaline sodium aluminate instcad of NaOH into the pulp to be bleached with peroxide, it is particularly advantageous to impregnate chips to be mechanically defibered with an aqueous solution of sodium aluminate, which subsequently to the mechanical refining step is passed to the bleaching step together with the pulp to be bleached.
  • Sodium aluminate impregnated and defibered pulp is clearly stronger than that of sulfonated and defibered pulp.
  • sodium aluminate In the impregnation of chips to be mechanically defibered sodium aluminate is used, which at least partially is obtained by combusting concentrated spent liquor and by dissolving the received ash.
  • bleaching is carried out at a teperature of about 20-150° C., advantageously 50-100° C., and at a pH of about 9.5-12.5, advantageously 10-12.
  • the concentrated spent liquors from the bleaching, and advantageously from the defibering can be combusted at a very high temperature of about 500-1100° C. without the risk that the chemicals used in the bleaching or in the impregnation would form a melt.
  • the sodium aluminate containing spent liquors obtained from the bleaching step and possibly from the defibering step are advantageously concentrated to a solids content of at least about 30%, and preferably up to 35-45%. Further concentration of concentrated waste liquor is advantageously performed by using hot flue gases received from the combustion of concentrated spent liquor, e.g., in a spray evaporator.
  • spent liquor-contains sulfur compounds they can be bound to CaSO 4 during the combustion in a known way by adding a suitable lime product, such as ground limestone, to the spent liquor to be combusted.
  • a suitable lime product such as ground limestone
  • sodium aluminiate is a chemical of an attractive price and easy availability that is generally used, among other applications, in the purification of raw water and wastewaters. It is further obvious that also with an alkali metal aluminate or in lieu thereof can be used any other sufficiently alkaline chemical having a sufficiently high melting temperature, such as titanates or ferrites.
  • the mechanical defibering preceding the bleaching step according to the invention can be carried out as a using thermo-mechanical or chemi-mechanical refiner process in one or several steps in a way known as such. If the chips are impregnated with an aqueous solution of sodium aluminate prior to defibering, the ground pulp can be passed directly to the peroxide bleaching step without intermediate washing of the pulp and separation of wash waters.
  • Wood chips 11 and an aqueous solution of Na aluminate are fed to an impregnation step 1 , wherefrom the impregnated chips are led through a pipe 13 to a mechanical defibering or grinding step 2 carried out by means of one or several disc refiners, connected in series.
  • the defibered pulp together with the impregnating chemicals is passed through in a pipe 14 to a bleaching step 3 , to which also peroxide 29 and more aqueous solution of Na aluminate 28 are added.
  • Bleaching is carried out at an elevated temperature and by feeding such an amount of Na aluminate 28 to the bleaching step 3 that strongly alkaline bleaching conditions are obtained.
  • the bleached pulp is passed through a pipe 15 to a washing step 4 , to which also wash water 32 is fed and from which step the bleached chemi-mechanical refiner pulp 18 is discharged and the spent liquor 16 is passed to an evaporation step 5 , wherein the liquor is first concentrated by means of steam 30 and then it is further concentrated 8 with hot flue gases 20 when the concentrated spent liquor has been passed through a pipe 17 to a spray-evaporation step 8 , to which also hot flue gases are passed from a circulating-bed furnace 6 .
  • the moist flue gases leaving the spray-evaporation step through a pipe 22 is further filtered in a dust filter 9 before they are discharged 26 from the process, while the dust collected in the dust filter is returned through a pipe 25 to a pipe 21 joining the circulating-bed furnace 6 and the spray-evaporation step 8 .
  • the aqueous solution containing Na aluminate is passed through pipe 24 to a filtering step 10 , wherefrom the filtration residue 27 is removed from the process, while the purified solution liquor is fed through a re-circulation pipe 28 to the bleaching step 3 and partially also to the impregnation step 1 , if necessary, together with a supply of fresh Na aluminate 12 .
  • any other conventional furnace can be used, e.g., a rotary kiln or a fluidized-bed furnace.
  • a rotary kiln or a fluidized-bed furnace e.g., a rotary kiln or a fluidized-bed furnace.
  • these devices are substantially less costly and they offer a much easier combustion control than the soda recovery boiler.
  • Wood chips impregnated with sodium sulfite and having an initial brightness of 60.6 prior to bleaching was bleached with hydrogen peroxide in an amount of 1.5% of the dry weight of chips when an equal amount of caustic soda in the reference test and an equal amount of sodium aluminate in the comparative test was present.
  • the average of a plurality of tests showed that in a bleaching process, when caustic soda was used for controlling the pH, the pulp brightness increased to 68.6 units, that is by 8 units, and when sodium aluminate was used the pulp brightness increased up to almost the same level, namely by 6.6 units to 67.2 units In both test series the bleaching was carried out at the same temperature of 65° C.
  • heat and chemical recovery from spent liquor containing sodium aluminate is substantially easier and more cost-efficient than from spent liquor containing caustic soda.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
US10/500,738 2002-01-23 2003-01-22 Method for bleaching mechanically defibered pulp Abandoned US20060124257A9 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20020123A FI115227B (sv) 2002-01-23 2002-01-23 Förfarande för blekning av en mekaniskt defibrerad massa
FI20020123 2002-01-23
PCT/FI2003/000051 WO2003062526A1 (en) 2002-01-23 2003-01-22 Method for bleaching mechanically defibered pulp

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20050098279A1 US20050098279A1 (en) 2005-05-12
US20060124257A9 true US20060124257A9 (en) 2006-06-15

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Family Applications (1)

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US10/500,738 Abandoned US20060124257A9 (en) 2002-01-23 2003-01-22 Method for bleaching mechanically defibered pulp

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US20060124257A9 (sv)
FI (1) FI115227B (sv)
WO (1) WO2003062526A1 (sv)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI120548B (sv) 2004-01-14 2009-11-30 Rinheat Oy Förfarande för förbränning av ett organiskt avfallskoncentrat under oxiderande förhållanden
DE102005029500A1 (de) 2005-06-24 2006-12-28 Upm-Kymmene Papier Gmbh & Co. Kg Verwendung von Asche als alternatives Alkalisierungsmittel

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2601110A (en) * 1945-06-14 1952-06-17 Ontario Paper Co Ltd Pulping lignocellulose with sodium aluminate
US3396076A (en) * 1964-12-10 1968-08-06 Parkinson Crosby & Works Inc Method of recovery of chemical values of a kraft pulping process of cellulosic material
US3787283A (en) * 1972-03-28 1974-01-22 Sonoco Products Co Treatment of waste liquor from pulp production
US4070233A (en) * 1971-06-14 1978-01-24 Japan Pulp & Paper Research Instutute Inc. Process of the pulping of bleaching of vegetable material
US4116759A (en) * 1975-09-02 1978-09-26 Jan Janson Preparation of liquor for delignification or alkali treatment by autocaustization, and the preparation of pulp with this liquor
US4260452A (en) * 1978-11-24 1981-04-07 Krueger Horst Production of paper pulp from sugar mill bagasse
US4384921A (en) * 1980-05-21 1983-05-24 Osakeyhtio A. Ahlstrom Alkaline sulfite pulping process with sodium aluminate and anthraquinone
US4388148A (en) * 1981-06-23 1983-06-14 Nalco Chemical Company Process for producing pulp
US4427490A (en) * 1978-04-07 1984-01-24 International Paper Company Delignification and bleaching process for lignocellulosic pulp with peroxide in the presence of metal additives
US5246542A (en) * 1991-09-18 1993-09-21 Fosberg Theodore M Evaporation and recovery process for bleached chemical thermo-mechanical pulp (BCTMP) effluent
US5302246A (en) * 1992-07-30 1994-04-12 Kamyr, Inc. Method of managing liquid steams in a pulp mill
US6364999B1 (en) * 1995-12-27 2002-04-02 Weyerhaeuser Company Process for producing a wood pulp having reduced pitch content and process and reduced VOC-emissions
US20040040679A1 (en) * 2002-08-31 2004-03-04 Kilgannon Robin R. Elimination of alum yellowing of aspen thermomechanical pulp through pulp washing

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5658086A (en) * 1979-10-17 1981-05-20 Kogyo Gijutsuin Multistage bleaching method of pulps
SU988939A1 (ru) * 1981-04-10 1983-01-15 Всесоюзное научно-производственное объединение целлюлозно-бумажной промышленности Способ получени волокнистого полуфабриката дл изготовлени бумаги и картона

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2601110A (en) * 1945-06-14 1952-06-17 Ontario Paper Co Ltd Pulping lignocellulose with sodium aluminate
US3396076A (en) * 1964-12-10 1968-08-06 Parkinson Crosby & Works Inc Method of recovery of chemical values of a kraft pulping process of cellulosic material
US4070233A (en) * 1971-06-14 1978-01-24 Japan Pulp & Paper Research Instutute Inc. Process of the pulping of bleaching of vegetable material
US3787283A (en) * 1972-03-28 1974-01-22 Sonoco Products Co Treatment of waste liquor from pulp production
US4116759A (en) * 1975-09-02 1978-09-26 Jan Janson Preparation of liquor for delignification or alkali treatment by autocaustization, and the preparation of pulp with this liquor
US4427490A (en) * 1978-04-07 1984-01-24 International Paper Company Delignification and bleaching process for lignocellulosic pulp with peroxide in the presence of metal additives
US4260452A (en) * 1978-11-24 1981-04-07 Krueger Horst Production of paper pulp from sugar mill bagasse
US4384921A (en) * 1980-05-21 1983-05-24 Osakeyhtio A. Ahlstrom Alkaline sulfite pulping process with sodium aluminate and anthraquinone
US4388148A (en) * 1981-06-23 1983-06-14 Nalco Chemical Company Process for producing pulp
US5246542A (en) * 1991-09-18 1993-09-21 Fosberg Theodore M Evaporation and recovery process for bleached chemical thermo-mechanical pulp (BCTMP) effluent
US5302246A (en) * 1992-07-30 1994-04-12 Kamyr, Inc. Method of managing liquid steams in a pulp mill
US6364999B1 (en) * 1995-12-27 2002-04-02 Weyerhaeuser Company Process for producing a wood pulp having reduced pitch content and process and reduced VOC-emissions
US20040040679A1 (en) * 2002-08-31 2004-03-04 Kilgannon Robin R. Elimination of alum yellowing of aspen thermomechanical pulp through pulp washing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003062526A1 (en) 2003-07-31
FI20020123A0 (sv) 2002-01-23
US20050098279A1 (en) 2005-05-12
FI115227B (sv) 2005-03-31
FI20020123A7 (sv) 2003-07-24

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AS Assignment

Owner name: RINHEAT OY, FINLAND

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:TANNER, TEEMU;REEL/FRAME:016192/0652

Effective date: 20040611

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION