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US20060114757A1 - Method and device for reproducing multi-track data according to predetermined conditions - Google Patents

Method and device for reproducing multi-track data according to predetermined conditions Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060114757A1
US20060114757A1 US10/519,810 US51981005A US2006114757A1 US 20060114757 A1 US20060114757 A1 US 20060114757A1 US 51981005 A US51981005 A US 51981005A US 2006114757 A1 US2006114757 A1 US 2006114757A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
tracks
reproduction
mass storage
electronic
book
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/519,810
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English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Theimer
Knut Haberland-Schlosser
Peter Weingart
Reza Serafat
Matthias Luck
Udo Gortz
Klaus Rateitschek
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Nokia Inc
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Assigned to NOKIA CORPORATION reassignment NOKIA CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GORTZ, UDO, HABERLAND-SCHLOSSER, KNUT, LUCK, MATTHIAS, RATEITSCHEK, KLAUS, SERAFAT, REZA, THEIMER, WOLFGANG, WEINGART, PETER
Publication of US20060114757A1 publication Critical patent/US20060114757A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B5/00—Electrically-operated educational appliances
    • G09B5/06—Electrically-operated educational appliances with both visual and audible presentation of the material to be studied
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B5/00—Electrically-operated educational appliances
    • G09B5/06—Electrically-operated educational appliances with both visual and audible presentation of the material to be studied
    • G09B5/065—Combinations of audio and video presentations, e.g. videotapes, videodiscs, television systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B21/00—Head arrangements not specific to the method of recording or reproducing
    • G11B21/02—Driving or moving of heads
    • G11B21/08—Track changing or selecting during transducing operation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/102—Programmed access in sequence to addressed parts of tracks of operating record carriers
    • G11B27/105—Programmed access in sequence to addressed parts of tracks of operating record carriers of operating discs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/19—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier
    • G11B27/28—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier by using information signals recorded by the same method as the main recording
    • G11B27/30—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier by using information signals recorded by the same method as the main recording on the same track as the main recording
    • G11B27/3027—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier by using information signals recorded by the same method as the main recording on the same track as the main recording used signal is digitally coded

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electronic playback devices in the field of electronic books having a storage and a display. It also relates to playback devices that are able to adapt the playback mode to context related conditions. More specifically the invention relates to a simple method to adapt the playback mode of a playback device automatically to external conditions related to the use of the device, where a conventional user controlled playback device requires manual input or does not provide such an option at all.
  • An electronic book is usually the electronic equivalent of a printed book, i.e. it contains the text and the illustrations of a book in an electronic format, readable on displays.
  • An audio book on the contrary contains the content of a book in an audio format and can be listened to.
  • a video book v-book is a portable video playback device and the visual based counterpart of a portable cassette or CD-player.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,991,594 Another example of a portable e-book is provided by U.S. Pat. No. 5,991,594.
  • the document basically discloses a mobile electronic device using single text data and a text to speech processor, to provide some kind of a read out feature to an electronic book.
  • Another European Patent Application with the number 1 172 739 A2 relates to the field of downloading and billing of electronic books from a server.
  • the key element in this document is to transfer encoded data via a video signal from a distributor to a user.
  • the different tracks of the proposed e-book have formed completely different media solutions, namely a conventional book, an audio or music recording or a video.
  • the main disadvantage of the conventional system is that a user can not freely select between different kinds of representations to be played back. So in a conventional data carrier only a video, a book or a radio play is stored.
  • the maximum choice provided to a user is delivered by DVD players that can offer different sets of audio tracks, and subtitles to a single video/movie.
  • a mass storage comprising multiple tracks of information, wherein a subset of said tracks is sufficient for basic perception such as reading, listening and watching, respectively following audio, video or text reproduction.
  • the mass storage is characterized in that at least two of said tracks comprise synchronization markers, to enable a seamless change between said tracks during reproduction.
  • the present invention enables a use of arbitrary information on said tracks. Basically, in case of an e-book a first track can be the classic text data, and the additional tracks can be audio data such as a radio play or a background soundtrack. In contrast to standard video tapes the tracks in a modern mass storage need not be locally synchronized. So the single tracks may be coded in a space division multiplex pattern on a single digital data track.
  • said synchronization markers are to enable a time synchronization of said different tracks during reproduction.
  • said synchronization markers are to enable a logical synchronization of data within the tracks.
  • the synchronization markers are to provide a possibility to extract a single data content from a certain data track, for example to extract only the text spoken by Romeo in Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet from the script book.
  • said synchronization markers comprise an information about the storage location of other tracks.
  • the synchronization markers are to provide e.g. cross references to background information in the mass storage.
  • At least one of said tracks has a different length than the other.
  • At least one of said tracks comprises at least one hyperlink.
  • the synchronization markers are to provide e.g. cross references to background information in the mass storage or in a communication network such as the internet. If the hyperlinks comprise cross references to internet pages it should be ensured that the pages are provided by the distributor to the mass storage, at least for an average or expected lifetime of said mass storage.
  • the rules can include prescriptions of the reproduction of said tracks, as e.g. pre-configured reproduction modes.
  • the rules can stop the reproduction of a visual content e.g. on the front seats of a vehicle, to prevent accidents by visually detracted drivers.
  • the data can also be used to configure a relation between environmental conditions and the tracks to be reproduced.
  • the mass storage can be embodied as a storage medium with multiple synchronized tracks of book information stored, for example:
  • the content of a linked URL can either be stored locally on the mass storage medium or be stored remotely e.g. in the Internet.
  • an electronic reproduction device comprises a multi-track reproducer, for reproducing stored multi-track reproduction data.
  • the electronic reproduction device is characterized by a component to adapt the reproduction of said tracks to predetermined conditions, said adaptation component being connected to said reproducer and being adapted to operate a seamless change of the reproduction between two tracks having synchronization markers.
  • the electronic device is a media player to reproduce data stored on a media according to external conditions.
  • the present invention uses a set of predetermined conditions to automatically adapt the reproduction mode to actually present conditions.
  • the reproduction device may adapt the reproduction settings to the time of day, e.g.
  • the conditions may also comprise the detection of synchronization markers on the tracks, whereby the reproduction is changed between the tracks at the location of the two related synchronization markers operated by the reproducer and connected adaptation component.
  • the present invention is characterized in that said adaptation component is configured to automatically change the tracks during reproduction.
  • the state of the art only allows it to change the reproduced tracks according to user input.
  • the present invention enables a user e.g. to reproduce a text or a video in a bilingual mode.
  • a device can provide different reproduction modes such as spoken text for selected parts of a stage play and a subtitle only depiction for a selected role in the play, enabling e.g. an actor to learn a role quickly and efficiently.
  • said adaptation component is configured to automatically change the reproduction of said tracks during reproduction. This is to adapt the reproduction and device settings such as loudness/brightness of the display, to detected environmental conditions.
  • the device can be configured to control the reproduction in accordance with a currently used power supply, e.g. turn to a text mode to guarantee that a user can finish a started reproduction, and return to a video reproduction, if reconnected to a power supply.
  • the electronic reproduction device further comprises at least one sensor connected to said adaptation component for detecting environmental conditions.
  • a sensor can be used to detect external operating conditions enabling the device to determine external conditions by itself.
  • the use of internal sensors provide a stand alone operability to the device.
  • one of said sensors is an illumination sensor.
  • the device can decide by itself how to set the brightness and the intensity of a monitor or a display. In case that the brightness is detected as being too low, the device may change to a video reproduction mode or to an audio-only (radio play) reproduction mode.
  • one of said sensors is an acceleration sensor.
  • the multi-track book can be fitted with acceleration sensors.
  • An acceleration sensor in the mobile terminal can be used for explicit user input. Tilting the device e.g. could mean to turn the page back and forth. But longer measurements of the sensor also allow an educated guess on the environmental conditions: Often or longer accelerations indicate being on the move where reading from a display becomes more difficult. Switching to the audio tracks, or an increased character size would be the system's recommendation.
  • An acceleration sensor can also be used to provide an acceleration controlled display stabilization, or an adaptation of monitor clock frequency to external illumination to prevent beat interference so that a user can also use the device without perceivable flicker.
  • one of said sensors is an acoustical sensor.
  • the acoustical sensor can comprise a microphone for audio measurements.
  • the user can conveniently listen to the audio tracks if there is no or a low level of ambient noise. If the noise level increases, sensed by the built-in microphone, the audio signal is also amplified. In case a headphone is used, this may be used to provide an active noise suppression to the headphone. But if the ambient noise exceeds a user defined upper threshold, the presentation switches to text and graphics without audio playback.
  • the user defined threshold may be determined by evaluating a user behavior pattern.
  • a speech recognizer can be utilized to accept voice input to navigate through the content of the mass storage.
  • the acoustical sensor can be used to provide a training device for actors to cite a predetermined text passage.
  • the training device can detect the right acoustical input e.g. by an acoustical pattern or envelope recognition e.g. metre recognition.
  • Such a device may also be used as a partially automated language lab, for teaching a foreign language to pupils.
  • one of said sensors is a position sensor.
  • the location sensor can be an absolute or a differential GPS location sensor, wireless beacon controlled navigation or location sensor e.g. within a museum, or a position sensor to detect the current orientation of the device.
  • Location-dependent presentation of content allows “reality books”. If a positioning sub-system (e.g. via GPS or BT beacons) provides position information a user could e.g. walk through a historic scenery or a museum and get only those portions/episodes of the book which are relevant at the current position. So the present invention can provide an electronically activated tourist guide.
  • a positioning sub-system e.g. via GPS or BT beacons
  • one of said sensors is an optical sensor.
  • the optical sensor can be a vision system to detect environment conditions and additionally the attention and the identification of a user.
  • a vision system can be used to automatically recognize a user and automatically reload preferred settings of said user. The book looks at a user when activated, and recalls the page the user has put the book aside, if it recognizes the user.
  • one of said sensors is an electrical sensor, to detect interfaces, docking stations and other electrically perceivable environmental or operational state conditions.
  • the device may store data transmitted via said interface.
  • the electrical sensor can be used to determine e.g. the battery condition.
  • the electronic reproduction device comprises an interface to connect external devices to said reproducer.
  • the interface can be an interface for a communication network or a slot for a slot-in memory or a mass storage.
  • the electronic reproduction device comprises a built in mass storage connected to said reproducer.
  • the mass storage can be e.g. a hard disc drive or a comparable mass storage.
  • the interface described in the previous paragraph can also be an interface to connect to a docking station, for downloading data to a built in mass storage.
  • the electronic reproduction device comprises a communication device.
  • the device can comprise a radio (as an example for a one way communication).
  • said communication device comprises a mobile telephone.
  • the use of the invention with a mobile telephone is particularly of interest, as the spread of mobile phones in the last years will lead to an increased demand for multi purpose mobile telephones, as users will probably not accept to carry and maintain more than one electronic device with them at a time. So the future will show a single device with multiple playback and record functionality that can be used to phone and to browse the internet and the like.
  • the device may further comprise a media recorder, and additional features such as a synchronization marker editor, to enable a user to interconnect two distinct data tracks with a common synchronization pattern.
  • the m-book presentation can automatically adjust to environmental conditions for better perception. Examples for this behavior are
  • a method for reproducing stored multi-track reproduction data accordance with predetermined conditions comprises identifying of predetermined conditions, and automatically adapting the reproduction of said tracks to said predetermined conditions.
  • the identification of a predetermined condition and the adaptation of a reproduction of selected tracks represent a relation of an operational state to predefined internal or external conditions.
  • the method further comprises relating said predetermined conditions to rules concerning the reproduction of said multi-track reproduction data.
  • the establishing of a set of rules may be embodied by generating a relation between conditions and the reproduction of the tracks.
  • the relation may be embodied by a matrix like association between the conditions and the reproduction.
  • the method further comprises the detection of environmental conditions.
  • the adaptation of the reproduction according to predetermined conditions include the adapting to environmental conditions.
  • a software tool capable of carrying out the methods of the preceding description, which comprises program code means for performing all of the steps of the preceding description when said software tool is incorporated in a program which is run on a computer or a network device.
  • a computer program comprising program code means for carrying out the aforementioned methods of the preceding description when said computer program is run on a computer or a network device.
  • a computer program product comprising program code means stored on a computer readable medium for carrying out the method of the preceding description when said program product is run on a computer or a network device.
  • FIG. 1 is an example of different tracks stored on a single mass storage, wherein the single tracks are interconnected by synchronization markers, and
  • FIG. 2 is an example according to FIG. 1 with a different layout of a single track
  • FIG. 3 is an example of a mobile device capable of playing back a single content in many different presentations, according to pre-selected or detected conditions.
  • FIG. 1 is an example of a multi-track document stored on a mass storage according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a mass storage medium with a storage capacity of 1 GB or beyond, such a memory medium could be used to store the content of a book only in a small fraction of the memory space including text and layout information. It would be a waste of resources not to fill the memory space with additional information such like a whole library.
  • the library solution has the drawback that a user maybe does not want to pay for a complete edition.
  • One solution would be to provide an all-in-one document comprising different aspects of a single piece of literature. So it may be helpful to incorporate not only different language versions of a single book on one storage medium, but also different presentations of a single theme.
  • the tracks 2 to 10 each have synchronization markers 12 to synchronize the tracks 2 to 10 .
  • the track 2 can be a standard text track as in the case of conventional e-books.
  • the track 4 can be e.g. a talking book text in one or more languages.
  • the voice tracks are subdivided in speaker parts for each protagonist in the book or in the text.
  • Other audio tracks can comprise background music and background audio. If played together, the audio tracks can form a complete radio play.
  • the track number 6 can be a subtitle track comprising screenplay and texts and stage directions.
  • the track 8 can be an audio track of a film version of the present book. If desired there can be additional tracks 10 such as various translations, subtitles, comic strip versions of the book, an animated film or a movie.
  • a short list of examples of those tracks 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 can be:
  • one embodiment of the present invention enables the user to change the reproduced track seamless at each synchronization marker 12 . as indicated by the bold arrow 2 and the bold elements of track 6 changing to track 8 at the synch marker 12 .
  • This change can indicate e.g. a use of said reproduction to train an actor for his role e.g. by playing the story book and changing to subtitles if the role to be trained has a speech part. This would be an ideal role trainer for actors.
  • Another application of the present invention includes the monitoring of external conditions such as illumination, vibrations and noise. If a device can recognize environmental conditions the device itself can decide which would be the best way to continue the reproduction.
  • a device can recognize environmental conditions the device itself can decide which would be the best way to continue the reproduction.
  • the book can change from text to radio play in case the book detects being inside a vehicle, so a driver of a car can seamlessly follow the story of the book, even if he is getting in his car and drives around.
  • an eav-book a combination of a video player, an audio book and an e-book, the device can change from radio play to video reproduction if it detects that the car is parked.
  • the present invention deals with a new approach for multi-modal interactive electronic books and an improved user experience of e-books under various environmental conditions.
  • the e-book concept of an IPR comprises multiple synchronized tracks of information (textual, graphics, audio, . . . ) where a subset of those tracks is sufficient for basic consumption.
  • information textual, graphics, audio, . . .
  • those basic tracks can be enhanced by additional information like audio background sounds, music or voices, complemented by graphics or hyperlinked information 16 , 18 , 20 in a storage or the Internet to improve the user experience.
  • the e-book is interactive by adjusting to the environmental conditions e.g. by increasing the audio volume in a noisy environment or switching off audio, and turning to subtitles or text when a background noise level is detected that is quoted to be too high.
  • the invention improves the user experience and immersion into the plot of a story by offering additional channels and background information.
  • a user reading a jungle story e.g. can be complemented by fitting sounds (e.g. jungle themes), short music or video clips can be integrated.
  • the arrow 22 is to indicate the direction of time the reproduction of the tracks are to follow.
  • FIG. 2 is an example of multiple tracks according to FIG. 1 with a different layout of the single tracks.
  • tracks 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 there are different tracks 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 .
  • the only difference is that track 36 is provided with additional synchronization markers to indicate certain speech roles and stage directions within a single script track 36 .
  • the synchronization markers 50 indicate the different synchronization markers to use a single text track to extract subtitles background information for deaf people from the film script.
  • the arrow 22 is to indicate the direction of time the reproduction of the tracks are to follow.
  • the tracks can further comprise hyperlinks 16 , 18 , 20 to background information or e.g. to internet pages.
  • All tracks contain hidden synchronization markers 42 which permit synchronized playing of combined tracks, e.g. a full movie with video and audio tracks as well as text sub-titles (even in a different language than the audio track).
  • the separation of voices on different tracks also allows easy spatial positioning for headphone reproduction: the different monaural voice signals are simply filtered differently for the left and the right headphone speakers.
  • the spatial positioning information can be integrated into the audio tracks e.g. using a XML-based markup language (VRML, . . . ).
  • VRML XML-based markup language
  • FIG. 3 is an example of a mobile device capable of playing back a single content in many different presentations, according to pre-selected or detected conditions.
  • the depicted e-a- and v- book is shortly denoted as m-book 60 (short for multi-track electronic book).
  • the m-book 60 has a main display screen 62 and a turnover/bookmark/dog-ear key 64 .
  • the screen and the turnover key would provide sufficient interaction for a single e-book.
  • a user can leaf through the pages of the e- book by pressing key 64 .
  • the key 64 can be embodied as a part of a touch screen display.
  • the m-book further comprises a sensor field 72 with optical and acoustical sensors to enable the m book to automatically adapt to external environmental conditions.
  • the sensor field can comprise a microphone for audio measurements. The user can listen to the audio tracks well if there is no or a low level of ambient noise. If the noise level increases, sensed by the built-in microphone, the audio signal is also amplified. But if the ambient noise exceeds a user defined upper threshold the presentation switches to text and graphics without audio playback.
  • a speech recognizer can be utilized to accept voice input to navigate through the content.
  • the sensor field can comprise sensors for the adaptation of the presentation to a present environment.
  • the mobile use of m-books is challenging since all modalities of presentation have drawbacks in certain situations. It is claimed here that the intelligent use of different tracks of information can partly compensate for that by taking into account user preferences and sensor measurements.
  • the m-book can be fitted with acceleration sensors.
  • An acceleration sensor in the mobile terminal can be used for explicit user input. Tilting the device e.g. could mean to turn the page back and forth. But longer measurements of the sensor also allow an educated guess on the environmental conditions: Often or longer accelerations indicate being on the move where reading from a display becomes more difficult. Switching to the audio tracks, or an increased character type would be the system recommendation.
  • the m-book can comprise sensors e.g. for scanning of external interfaces or surfaces. If the terminal scans external interfaces e.g. to the home stereo system or a video projector / TV screen it could automatically activate audio or video tracks to be played back by external devices. Simply putting the terminal into an audio/video cradle would initiate a switch from textual presentation to audio/video playback.
  • An optical scanning device can be used to identify a user in accordance with a pre-stored user database, with the help of bio-metric data.
  • the scanning of a user face can also be used to track the eye movement of the user to provide an automatic turnover feature.
  • the m-book further comprises a slot 74 to insert a mass storage device. It may be noted that the m-book may be enabled to reproduce single track storage media, too.
  • the two adjusting wheels 76 , 78 on the left side of the m-book can be scroll wheels to adjust the brightness of the screen, the loudness of an audio track reproduced, or a scroll wheel as known from a computer wheel mouse to scroll through a text.
  • the first crude interaction with an m-book permits the user to switch on or off selected tracks in order to concentrate on the text or the audio information by using the interaction pad 68 , an on-screen display, or a touch screen display. But the content presentation can become more dynamic by integrating external trigger conditions:
  • the e-book concept described herein comprises multiple synchronized tracks of information (textual, graphics, audio, . . . ) where a subset of those tracks is sufficient for basic consumption.
  • the text alone would constitute a complete e-book.
  • those basic tracks can be enhanced by additional information like audio background sounds, music or voices, complemented by graphics or hyperlinked information in the Internet to improve the user experience.
  • the e-book is interactive by adjusting to the environmental conditions (e.g. increasing audio volume in a noisy environment or switching off audio while the background noise level is too high).
  • the m-book 60 of FIG. 3 can further comprise a mobile communication device.
  • the mobile m-book 60 can be a sub-element of a mobile telephone such as e.g. the Nokia CommunicatorTM device providing a suitable display for an m-book functionality.
  • the m-book 60 of FIG. 3 does represent an inner surface of an unfolded clamshell-like mobile phone.
  • the m-book 60 can comprise another suitable communication element such as a BluetoothTM connection or a Network connection to a communication network such as the internet.
  • a communication feature can enable a device to download not only a whole multi-track document, but would enable a user to download only a single additional track to a multi-track document the user has purchased earlier.
  • the invention can be used in entertainment and media terminals, especially if a mass storage solution is integrated into the device.
  • Memory sticks, multi-media cards (MMC Card) and hard disc drives (Micro-Drive) can be used as storage media according to the actual state of the art in the field of storage technique.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Educational Administration (AREA)
  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
  • Electrically Operated Instructional Devices (AREA)
US10/519,810 2002-07-04 2002-07-04 Method and device for reproducing multi-track data according to predetermined conditions Abandoned US20060114757A1 (en)

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CN1639755A (zh) 2005-07-13
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