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US20060060103A1 - Smoke projectile - Google Patents

Smoke projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060060103A1
US20060060103A1 US10/517,288 US51728804A US2006060103A1 US 20060060103 A1 US20060060103 A1 US 20060060103A1 US 51728804 A US51728804 A US 51728804A US 2006060103 A1 US2006060103 A1 US 2006060103A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fog
hollow
enclosure
charge
projectile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/517,288
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ernst-Christian Koch
Josef Schneider
Thorsten Kothe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH and Co KG
Assigned to DIEHL MUNITIONSSYSTEME GMBH & CO. KG reassignment DIEHL MUNITIONSSYSTEME GMBH & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KOTHE, THORSTEN, SCHNEIDER, JOSEF, KOCH, ERNST-CHRISTIAN
Publication of US20060060103A1 publication Critical patent/US20060060103A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/70—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies for dispensing radar chaff or infrared material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/48—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances smoke-producing, e.g. infrared clouds

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a fog projectile having an active charge comprising a pyrotechnic active material for producing an aerosol which emits in the infrared and which is impenetrable in the visual.
  • Armoured and unarmoured vehicles are protected by means of aerosol curtains from discovery, detection and target tracking and thus from the threat of missiles.
  • a suitable pyrotechnic active material for producing an aerosol which is strongly emissive in the infrared and impenetrable in the visible. That active material develops a protective camouflage fog or mist which, besides impenetrability in the visible range, also permits long-duration cover in the infrared range.
  • active material contains red phosphorus, an alkali metal nitrate or a mixture of alkali metal nitrates while as secondary constituents it contains at least one transition metal or a metallic compound or alloy thereof, at least one metalloid and a binder.
  • DE 29 08 217 C2 describes a unit charge for fog concealment of vehicles, having a casing filled with fog bodies.
  • the fog bodies are in the form of cylindrical flat discs with an open central hole, which are disposed one upon the other.
  • the fog bodies are ejected without an enclosure from the casing. The arrangement does not provide for fading out of the line of sight in the infrared range.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a fog projectile of a simple structure, which is so designed that rapid fading of the line of sight in the infrared radiation range and in the visual radiation range occurs upon discharge in a spatial angle.
  • the active charge stack consisting of the hollow-cylinder segments is discharged or expelled, held by an enclosure or sheathing, from a projector barrel, whereby aerodynamic stability is guaranteed in the initial phase of the flight. That ensures that the stack does not already deploy immediately at the vehicle. It is only after some metres of flight, for example 5 m to 10 m, that the fired hollow-cylinder segments break the enclosure or sheathing open. Due to the resulting absence of aerodynamic cladding the flow of air acting thereon gets into the stack of the hollow-cylinder segments. As a result the segments are immediately driven apart, which results in the burning hollow-cylinder segments fanning out over a large area, in a wide spatial angle.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fog projectile with a plurality of layers of hollow-cylinder segments in an enclosure or sheathing
  • FIG. 2 a is a plan view of a layer of four hollow-cylinder segments
  • FIG. 2 b shows a side view in the direction of the arrows IIb-IIb in FIG. 2 a
  • FIG. 3 a shows a plan view of a single hollow-cylinder segment
  • FIG. 3 b shows a perspective view of a single hollow-cylinder segment
  • FIG. 4 shows an apertured disc of the enclosure or sheathing
  • FIG. 5 shows a foil of the enclosure or sheathing, unwound
  • FIG. 6 shows the fog projectile in a discharge device
  • FIG. 7 shows an aerosol fog produced by the fog projectile
  • FIG. 8 shows a time diagram of the development of the effect of the aerosol fog.
  • a fog projectile 1 comprises a hollow-cylindrical active charge 2 , a firing charge 3 and an enclosure or sheathing 4 (see FIG. 1 ).
  • the active charge 2 is a stack comprising a plurality of layers 5 of hollow-cylinder segments 6 .
  • Each layer 5 is composed of a plurality of hollow-cylinder segments 6 .
  • each layer 5 is formed by four hollow-cylinder segments 6 , wherein the segment angle a is 90° and the individual hollow-cylinder segments 6 bear against each other.
  • the segment angle a can also be smaller than 90°, in which case then there are correspondingly more hollow-cylinder segments 6 in a layer.
  • the diameter d of the hollow space 7 is ⁇ 1 ⁇ 6 D, wherein D is the outside diameter of the active charge stack (see FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2 a and 2 b ).
  • the active charge stack 2 is of a height H which is for example ⁇ 20 h, wherein h is the height of a hollow-cylinder segment (see FIGS. 1, 2 b and 3 b ).
  • the height h is preferably ⁇ 1/15 D.
  • the hollow-cylinder segments 6 are compressed from a pyrotechnic active material which produces an aerosol which is emitting and damping in the infrared radiation range and which is impenetrable in the visual.
  • An active material of that kind is described in DE 199 14 097 A1.
  • As main constituents it has red phosphorus, an alkali metal nitrate or a mixture of alkali metal nitrates and as secondary constituents it has at least one transition metal, or a metal-rich compound or alloy thereof and at least one metalloid and a binder.
  • the firing charge 3 which serves to fire the hollow-cylinder segments 6 by way of the hollow space 7 and which can serve as a discharge charge is a pyrotechnic firing composition which contains:
  • the enclosure or sheathing 4 has a combustible foil 8 which for example comprises a paper saturated with paraffin.
  • the foil 8 initially holds together the active charge stack 2 consisting of the hollow-cylinder segments 6 .
  • the foil 8 encloses the active charge stack 2 at the top side and at its periphery U, corresponding to the diameter D, over the entire height H.
  • FIG. 5 shows the foil 8 in the unwound condition.
  • the foil 8 is connected to a disc 9 which bears against the underside of the active charge 2 .
  • the disc 9 comprises a pressed fibre material and has a central opening 10 .
  • the diameter d 1 of the opening 10 is ⁇ the diameter d (see FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 ).
  • FIG. 6 shows the arrangement in the pulled-apart condition.
  • an electrical firing element 13 whose electrical contacts 14 can be closed by way of a suitable switching device in the vehicle.
  • the firing element 13 upon initiation fires the firing charge 3 which can act at the same time as the ejection charge.
  • the hollow-cylinder segments 6 When firing takes place the hollow-cylinder segments 6 are fired and the fog projectile 1 is ejected. In the region of between about 5 and 10 m after the beginning of gas development of ejection, the hollow-cylinder segments 6 remain held together by the foil 8 . After the foil 8 burns away, about 5 to 10 m after leaving the vehicle-mounted barrel 11 , the active charge stack 2 fans out, with the hollow-cylinder segments 6 separating, and the individual hollow-cylinder segments 6 , after a distance S at a spacing from the vehicle F to be protected, develop a fog curtain N which screens the vehicle F both in relation to a missile K 1 which is threatening in a condition of gliding flight and a missile K 2 which is attacking in horizontal flight (see FIG. 7 ).
  • Development of the protective fog N is effected for example within 0.25 s after the vehicle F has identified and evaluated the threat posed by the missiles K 1 and K 2 .
  • FIG. 8 shows a comparison of known operative times and the operative time which can be achieved by the projectile according to the invention.
  • the vehicle F identifies the threat posed by an approaching missile and thus triggers discharge of the camouflage fog device, which then takes place at the moment to.
  • the time t 4 is the time at which, according to the calculation of the vehicle F, the threatening projectile impacts.
  • fog generation W which counteracts the missile threat is achieved in accordance with the line a at the moment t 3 whereas the active level achieved with the described device is already achieved in accordance with the line b at the time t 2 .
  • the period of time between t 3 and t 4 is substantially shorter than the period of the time between t 2 and t 4 .
  • the vehicle under threat has available a substantially longer period of time for travel manoeuvres to evade the threat, than in the state of the art in which only the time between t 3 and t 4 is available for evasive travel manoeuvres.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
US10/517,288 2002-06-14 2003-06-12 Smoke projectile Abandoned US20060060103A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10226507A DE10226507A1 (de) 2002-06-14 2002-06-14 Nebelwurfkörper
DE10226507.0 2002-06-14
PCT/EP2003/006147 WO2003106913A1 (de) 2002-06-14 2003-06-12 Nebelwurfkörper

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20060060103A1 true US20060060103A1 (en) 2006-03-23

Family

ID=29594519

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/517,288 Abandoned US20060060103A1 (en) 2002-06-14 2003-06-12 Smoke projectile

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20060060103A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1514072B1 (de)
AU (1) AU2003242677B2 (de)
BR (1) BR0311793B1 (de)
DE (2) DE10226507A1 (de)
IL (1) IL165732A (de)
MY (1) MY134363A (de)
WO (1) WO2003106913A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA200410264B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7640858B1 (en) * 2004-01-23 2010-01-05 Kilgore Flares Company, Llc Stacked pellet flare assembly and methods of making and using the same
US20130036932A1 (en) * 2010-03-26 2013-02-14 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Encapsulated explosive body for an infrared decoy
US10926273B2 (en) 2019-01-31 2021-02-23 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Systems and methods for modifying an infrared signature of a vehicle

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006008309B4 (de) * 2006-02-23 2008-03-27 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Nebelwurfkörper
DE102008028292B4 (de) 2008-06-13 2021-10-14 Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Nebelwurfkörper
DE102008033494A1 (de) 2008-07-16 2010-01-21 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Nebeltopf
DE102010026641A1 (de) 2010-07-09 2012-01-12 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Nebelwurfkörper
DE102011009154A1 (de) 2011-01-22 2012-07-26 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Abwehr einer Bedrohung durch Ausbringen von Tarnnebel und Einrichtung zum Ausüben des Abwehr-Verfahrens
DE102014012657B4 (de) 2014-08-22 2019-12-19 Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Wirkkörper mit einer Wirkmasse und einer Umhüllung
DE102015004306A1 (de) * 2015-04-01 2016-10-06 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Nebelwurfkörper

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3352238A (en) * 1965-10-12 1967-11-14 Universal Match Corp Atomizer and method for disseminating toxicants
US3861880A (en) * 1973-03-06 1975-01-21 Dow Chemical Co Oxygen generator cell
US4391197A (en) * 1978-03-08 1983-07-05 A/S Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Smoke cartridge
US4622899A (en) * 1982-10-16 1986-11-18 Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel Gmbh & Co. Kg Smoke projectile with sequential charges and central ignitor
US4838167A (en) * 1973-11-30 1989-06-13 Firma Buck Kg Method and device for protection of targets against approaching projectiles, which projectiles are provided with infrared-sensitive target finders
US4860657A (en) * 1978-05-05 1989-08-29 Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke Gmbh & Co. Projectile
US5113765A (en) * 1990-03-30 1992-05-19 James Carey Absolute anti-roll emergency road flare
US5272981A (en) * 1991-07-31 1993-12-28 Buck Werke Gmbh & Co. Projectile for a defensive projecting device
US5337671A (en) * 1991-01-21 1994-08-16 Raufoss As Arrangement in a smoke shell
US5499582A (en) * 1978-03-14 1996-03-19 Buck Chemische-Technische Werke Gmbh & Co. Projectile
US6612242B2 (en) * 2000-12-27 2003-09-02 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Ammunition for smoke generation

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2343989A1 (fr) * 1976-03-09 1977-10-07 Lacroix E Dispositif de lancement de leurre infra-rouge
FR2729749B1 (fr) * 1993-07-29 1997-05-23 Lacroix Soc E Cartouche de leurrage infrarouge et dispositif de leurrage comportant une telle cartouche
DE19756204C1 (de) * 1997-12-17 1999-03-11 Buck Chem Tech Werke Folienstreifen für pyrotechnische Effekte sowie Feuerwerkskörper
DE19914097A1 (de) 1999-03-27 2000-09-28 Piepenbrock Pyrotechnik Gmbh Pyrotechnische Wirkmasse zur Erzeugung eines im Infraroten stark emissiven und im Visuellen undurchdringlichen Aerosols
DE19914095A1 (de) * 1999-03-27 2000-09-28 Piepenbrock Pyrotechnik Gmbh Pyrotechnischer Nebelsatz zur Erzeugung eines im sichtbaren, infraroten und im Millimeterwellen-Bereich undurchdringlichen Aerosols

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3352238A (en) * 1965-10-12 1967-11-14 Universal Match Corp Atomizer and method for disseminating toxicants
US3861880A (en) * 1973-03-06 1975-01-21 Dow Chemical Co Oxygen generator cell
US4838167A (en) * 1973-11-30 1989-06-13 Firma Buck Kg Method and device for protection of targets against approaching projectiles, which projectiles are provided with infrared-sensitive target finders
US4391197A (en) * 1978-03-08 1983-07-05 A/S Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Smoke cartridge
US5499582A (en) * 1978-03-14 1996-03-19 Buck Chemische-Technische Werke Gmbh & Co. Projectile
US4860657A (en) * 1978-05-05 1989-08-29 Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke Gmbh & Co. Projectile
US4622899A (en) * 1982-10-16 1986-11-18 Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel Gmbh & Co. Kg Smoke projectile with sequential charges and central ignitor
US5113765A (en) * 1990-03-30 1992-05-19 James Carey Absolute anti-roll emergency road flare
US5337671A (en) * 1991-01-21 1994-08-16 Raufoss As Arrangement in a smoke shell
US5272981A (en) * 1991-07-31 1993-12-28 Buck Werke Gmbh & Co. Projectile for a defensive projecting device
US6612242B2 (en) * 2000-12-27 2003-09-02 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Ammunition for smoke generation

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7640858B1 (en) * 2004-01-23 2010-01-05 Kilgore Flares Company, Llc Stacked pellet flare assembly and methods of making and using the same
US7900560B1 (en) * 2004-01-23 2011-03-08 Kilgore Flares Company, Llc Stacked pellet flare assembly and methods of making and using the same
US20130036932A1 (en) * 2010-03-26 2013-02-14 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Encapsulated explosive body for an infrared decoy
US9062941B2 (en) * 2010-03-26 2015-06-23 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Encapsulated effect body for an infrared decoy
US10926273B2 (en) 2019-01-31 2021-02-23 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Systems and methods for modifying an infrared signature of a vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL165732A0 (en) 2006-01-15
EP1514072B1 (de) 2005-11-30
BR0311793A (pt) 2005-03-15
IL165732A (en) 2010-11-30
DE10226507A1 (de) 2003-12-24
AU2003242677B2 (en) 2009-03-26
MY134363A (en) 2007-12-31
ZA200410264B (en) 2007-07-25
BR0311793B1 (pt) 2013-12-31
EP1514072A1 (de) 2005-03-16
DE50301814D1 (de) 2006-01-05
WO2003106913A1 (de) 2003-12-24
AU2003242677A1 (en) 2003-12-31

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: DIEHL MUNITIONSSYSTEME GMBH & CO. KG, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:KOCH, ERNST-CHRISTIAN;SCHNEIDER, JOSEF;KOTHE, THORSTEN;REEL/FRAME:017291/0182;SIGNING DATES FROM 20041126 TO 20041206

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION