US20060040226A1 - Equipment and method for enhancing combustion and heat transfer in a boiler by using sound - Google Patents
Equipment and method for enhancing combustion and heat transfer in a boiler by using sound Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060040226A1 US20060040226A1 US10/332,101 US33210104A US2006040226A1 US 20060040226 A1 US20060040226 A1 US 20060040226A1 US 33210104 A US33210104 A US 33210104A US 2006040226 A1 US2006040226 A1 US 2006040226A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sound sources
- equipment
- combustion
- heating boiler
- sound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000269400 Sirenidae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F23C99/003—Combustion process using sound or vibrations
Definitions
- the invention concerns equipment and a method for enhancing the combustion event and heat transfer in a heating boiler.
- the invention relates to combustion taking place in power plants, heating furnaces, heating boilers and other such combustion spaces and to enhancement of such combustion.
- heating boiler will be used for these application objects of the invention.
- Combustion is a complex event, which depends on several different factors, such as the particle size of the fuel, the combustion temperature and the structure of the heating boiler.
- the fuel used in the combustion event becomes oxidized, whereby heat will result.
- combustion of hot solid matter depends on the speed at which oxygen is diffused into the surface of the matter. As the combustion proceeds, the particle size and particle mass are reduced. When burning carbon, the combustion results in carbon monoxide, which in the continued combustion will become carbon dioxide.
- Enhancing of combustion is also associated with cleaning of the heat transfer surfaces of the heating boiler to remove ash particles and unburnt carbon particles from them.
- Acoustic cleaning is a known cleaning method, wherein sound sources are placed in the heat transfer parts of the heating boiler and sound is produced periodically at intervals of about 2-15 minutes for a few seconds each time.
- Acoustic cleaning equipment is known e.g. from publications WO-82/01328 and WO-82/03803.
- the purpose of the invention is to bring about equipment and a method for enhancing the combustion event in such a way that the combustion is more complete and emissions are reduced.
- Another purpose of the invention is to bring about equipment of a new kind, wherein a sound source based on a pulse burner is used as the sound source.
- the equipment according to the invention for enhancing the combustion event and heat transfer in a heating boiler is mainly characterised in that the space above the major combustion zone in the combustion space of the heating boiler is equipped with sound sources to generate an acoustic field in order to enhance the combustion event and to achieve a more complete combustion, and that the sound sources are placed in such a way that the acoustic pressure patterns generated by the sound sources meet at angles of 20-90° sideways and/or vertically.
- the method according to the invention for its part is characterised in that in a space above the major combustion zone in the combustion space of the heating boiler a rotating acoustic field is generated by sound sources, which are located on various sides and/or at different elevations of the heating boiler.
- the combustion event is enhanced in such a way in a heating boiler that an acoustic field is applied to a space above the actual major combustion zone. Matter volatilising at this location has already burnt out for the most part, but some carbon still remains in the form of small particles, which have not yet burnt
- the acoustic field is preferably continuous and it is generated by suitable sound sources, one or more, which are placed in the combustion space of the heating boiler.
- the sound source is preferably a sound source based on a pulse burner.
- the sound source according to the invention which is based on a pulse burner
- that problem is solved, which is associated with pneumatically operated sound sources in that due to the higher pressure existing inside the combustion space dust or other impurities will drift from the combustion space into the sound source. No such problem occurs in the sound source based on a pulse burner.
- FIG. 1 shows a heating boiler and the location therein of the equipment according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of the acoustic field according to the invention.
- FIG. 3A shows the sound source according to the invention.
- FIG. 3B shows a valve in the sound source according to the invention.
- FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view of the sound source according to the invention.
- FIG. 3D is another cross-sectional view of the sound source according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a heating boiler, wherein the method according to the invention for enhancing the combustion event is applied.
- Sound sources S are located in combustion space 11 of heating boiler 10 .
- the place of location of sound sources S is a space above the major combustion zone before cooling of the combustion gases.
- the sound sources used are preferably such sound horns known in acoustic cleaning, which produce a sound volume of 130-170 dB at a frequency of 20-1000 Hz.
- the sound source used may also be pneumatically operated continuous sirens or the sound source according to the invention shown in FIGS. 3 A-D, which is based on a pulse burner. Due to the good penetration depth, the acoustic frequency range chosen is preferably used explicitly in order to enhance the combustion event.
- the power and frequency of the sound sources S may be controlled within the chosen range according to the type and size of boiler and the locations of sound sources S.
- the sound volume is chosen so that the acoustic pressure level generated by sound sources S is preferably no less than 130 dB at the place where acoustic pressure patterns meet, where the temperature in the combustion space 11 is typically over 800° C. Sound sources S are placed in combustion space 11 in such a way that the acoustic pressure patterns which they generate will meet at angles of 20-90° C. sideways and/or vertically.
- sound sources S are placed at different elevations in the heating boiler 10 , and when moving upwards in the combustion space 11 the frequency of the sound source S is increased as the diameter and mass of solid particles diminish further ahead in combustion space 11 .
- the desired effect enhancing the combustion event will remain at an optimum.
- FIG. 2 illustrates such a rotating acoustic field, which is generated by locating in the combustion space 11 of a heating boiler, which as regards its diameter is of a rectangular shape, four sound sources S, which are used to generate the acoustic pressure direction pattern shown in FIG. 2 .
- a rotating acoustic field of a corresponding kind can also be generated in a heating boiler of some other shape.
- the number and locations of sound sources S may be different from those shown in this example, when generating a rotating acoustic field.
- a part of the secondary and/or tertiary air needed in the combustion event is supplied through the sound sources S placed in heating boiler 10 .
- This supplied air at the same time functions as cooling air for sound sources S.
- FIG. 3A shows a sound source SP according to the invention, which is based on a pulse burner.
- FIG. 3B shows an example of the structure of a valve V of sound source SP
- FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view of sound source SP along line A-A′ indicated in FIG. 3A
- FIG. 3D is a cross-sectional view of sound source SP along line B-B′ indicated in FIG. 3A .
- the sound source used is a pulse burner, which preferably operates with the combustion reaction between a gaseous or gasified fuel and air and functions on the “pulse jet” principle known as such.
- the sound source SP includes an antechamber SP 1 , into which air under pressure is supplied through assembly L 1 , a combustion chamber SP 2 , into which a gaseous inflammable matter is supplied through assembly L 2 , and a sound horn SP 3 . Between antechamber SP 1 and combustion chamber SP 2 there is a valve/set of valves V, whose structure is shown by the cross-sectional view in FIG. 3B .
- sound source SP includes one or more igniters I located in combustion chamber SP 2 .
- Combustion chamber SP 2 is surrounded by cooling devices C including cooling fins c 1 , . . . , c n .
- a cooling medium preferably cooling air or water, is conducted by way of assembly L 3 .
- combustion chamber SP 2 After the combustion event, the pressure of combustion chamber SP 2 is released into the space to be cleaned, that is, into combustion space 11 .
- the igniting device/devices I used are preferably spark plugs or a hot shoe functioning as a constantly glowing igniting component
- the pulse burner operating as sound source SP preferably uses hydrocarbon gas and air in starting.
- a gasified gas is used, which is taken from that part of the combustion space, where no secondary or tertiary air has yet been introduced.
- the sound source according to the invention forms a continuous acoustic pressure pulse, with which a continuous quick pulse-like acoustic pressure can be driven into the combustion space of the boiler.
- the invention may be applied in all types of power plants, heating furnaces, heating boilers and other such installations.
- the sound sources used are sound horns known in acoustic cleaning, but also sound sources of other kinds may be used.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI20001616A FI108810B (fi) | 2000-07-06 | 2000-07-06 | Laitteisto ja menetelmä polttotapahtuman ja lämmönsiirron tehostamiseksi |
| FI20001616 | 2000-07-06 | ||
| PCT/FI2001/000647 WO2002004861A1 (en) | 2000-07-06 | 2001-07-06 | Equipment and method for enhancing combustion and heat transfer in a boiler by using sound |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20060040226A1 true US20060040226A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
Family
ID=8558736
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/332,101 Abandoned US20060040226A1 (en) | 2000-07-06 | 2001-07-06 | Equipment and method for enhancing combustion and heat transfer in a boiler by using sound |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060040226A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1311787B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2004502919A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE328242T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU7982901A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2414988C (de) |
| DE (1) | DE60120184T2 (de) |
| FI (1) | FI108810B (de) |
| NO (1) | NO323672B1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002004861A1 (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200300058B (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI118756B (fi) | 2004-04-02 | 2008-03-14 | Nirafon Oy | Menetelmä kaasupainepulssien tuottamiseksi hiukkaskasautumien puhdistuslaitteistossa ja hiukkaskasautumien puhdistuslaitteisto |
| US8109217B2 (en) * | 2006-05-10 | 2012-02-07 | Force Technology | Method, device and system for enhancing combustion of solid objects |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4699588A (en) * | 1986-03-06 | 1987-10-13 | Sonotech, Inc. | Method and apparatus for conducting a process in a pulsating environment |
| US5785012A (en) * | 1992-12-15 | 1998-07-28 | Bha Group Holdings, Inc. | Acoustically enhanced combustion method and apparatus |
| US5842289A (en) * | 1995-11-13 | 1998-12-01 | Manufacturing And Technology Conversion International, Inc. | Apparatus for drying and heating using a pulse combustor |
| US20010019815A1 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2001-09-06 | Jakob Keller | Method for preventing flow instabilities in a burner |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE162662C1 (de) * | ||||
| SE425597B (sv) * | 1980-10-13 | 1982-10-18 | Ekstroms Vermetekniska Ab | Tvangsstyrd ljudalstrare for infraljudomradet |
| JPS58500725A (ja) * | 1981-04-30 | 1983-05-06 | インフラソニク ア−ベ− | 低音波発生器の構造 |
| JPS63229125A (ja) * | 1987-03-18 | 1988-09-26 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | 炉内脱硫法 |
-
2000
- 2000-07-06 FI FI20001616A patent/FI108810B/fi active
-
2001
- 2001-07-06 DE DE60120184T patent/DE60120184T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-07-06 AU AU7982901A patent/AU7982901A/xx not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-07-06 WO PCT/FI2001/000647 patent/WO2002004861A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-07-06 AT AT01958090T patent/ATE328242T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-07-06 US US10/332,101 patent/US20060040226A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-06 JP JP2002509693A patent/JP2004502919A/ja active Pending
- 2001-07-06 EP EP01958090A patent/EP1311787B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-06 CA CA002414988A patent/CA2414988C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-01-03 ZA ZA200300058A patent/ZA200300058B/en unknown
- 2003-01-03 NO NO20030036A patent/NO323672B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4699588A (en) * | 1986-03-06 | 1987-10-13 | Sonotech, Inc. | Method and apparatus for conducting a process in a pulsating environment |
| US5785012A (en) * | 1992-12-15 | 1998-07-28 | Bha Group Holdings, Inc. | Acoustically enhanced combustion method and apparatus |
| US5842289A (en) * | 1995-11-13 | 1998-12-01 | Manufacturing And Technology Conversion International, Inc. | Apparatus for drying and heating using a pulse combustor |
| US20010019815A1 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2001-09-06 | Jakob Keller | Method for preventing flow instabilities in a burner |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO20030036D0 (no) | 2003-01-03 |
| EP1311787A1 (de) | 2003-05-21 |
| JP2004502919A (ja) | 2004-01-29 |
| NO20030036L (no) | 2003-01-03 |
| FI20001616A0 (fi) | 2000-07-06 |
| ZA200300058B (en) | 2003-07-23 |
| CA2414988A1 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
| EP1311787B1 (de) | 2006-05-31 |
| FI20001616L (fi) | 2002-01-07 |
| AU7982901A (en) | 2002-01-21 |
| WO2002004861A1 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
| NO323672B1 (no) | 2007-06-25 |
| DE60120184D1 (de) | 2006-07-06 |
| FI108810B (fi) | 2002-03-28 |
| DE60120184T2 (de) | 2007-03-29 |
| ATE328242T1 (de) | 2006-06-15 |
| CA2414988C (en) | 2009-06-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NIRAFON OY, FINLAND Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:AHONEN, HEIKKI;KINNUNEN, MARTTI;REEL/FRAME:014018/0272 Effective date: 20021230 |
|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NIRAFON OY, FINLAND Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:AHONEN, HEIKKI;SALMELA, ARTTU;KINNUNEN, MARTTI;REEL/FRAME:014222/0318 Effective date: 20031216 |
|
| STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |