US2005541A - Fuel vaporizer and burner - Google Patents

Description

21mm 1%, W35. I c. A. FRENCH fi 5 FUEL VAPORIZER AND BURNER Filed June 15, 1933 Patented June 18, 1935 TTS 2,tt5,54l

PATENT OF'HE 3 Claims.

This invention relates to a liquid fuel vaporizer and burner. More specifically it relates to an improved burner and vaporizer construction for handling heavy fuels for blue flame com- 5 bustion.

The principal object of the invention is to provide for both indirect and direct heating of the fuel to be vaporized by hot products of complete combustion from the burner.

ther objects, such as the improved structural features of the vaporizer and burner, will be apparent from the detailed description to follow.

The objects of the invention are attained by a construction such as shown in the single figure of the drawing, which shows in cross section a vaporizer and burner.

As illustrated in the drawing, a cylindrical casing it, closed at both. ends, houses a vaporizing chamber ii spaced from the sides and ends of the casing ill. The upper end of the chamber ii is open. A cylindrical perforated screen l2 extends between the side walls of the casing iii and the chamber ll, being connected to both of said members.

A vertical shaft 83 extends centrally through the concentrically arranged vaporizing chamber and casing. A pulley i l on the upper end of said shaft provides means for rotating the shaft. The upper portion of the shaft is formed with a hollow bore 85 for the passage of fuel. A fuel supply conduit it, provided with an adjustable nozzle ll, is positioned to deliver fuel to the hollow end of the shaft. A distributing disk i8 is mounted on the shaft I 3 below the open upper end of the chamber ii. Said disk is curved at its peripheral edge to better distribute the fuel therefrom. The bore I5 in the upper end of the shaft l3 communicates with outlets it above the disk 53 for distributing liquid fuel to said disk.

The shaft it extends downwardly through the bottom of the casing iii into a fan or pump housing it which contains a conventional impeller, not shown, for moving gases. Said housing is provided with an air inlet 2| at its lower side centrally of the housing and a gas inlet 22 at its upper side in the same relative position. The inlet 22 extends upwardly through the bottom of the casing it? and the bottom of the chamber H which is spaced therefrom, into chamber. A supply chamber 23 provided with a horizontal burner grating M, is connected by a conduit it as an outl t from the housing 2!). A burned gas collecting member 26 has an open end covering a portion of the grating 24 spaced vertically thereabove. Said member is connected to the bottom of the casing Iil.

In the operation of the burner, as above described, fuel admitted to the hollow shaft 13 is 5 distributed on the disk i8 from the edge of said disk radially therefrom as a spray. Said spray impinges the walls of the vaporizing chamber I! and fiows'downwardly along the walls. A spark plug 21! mounted in the top of the casing ill, is 10 utilized for initially igniting the spray from the disk l8, there being sufiicient air drawn through the casing by the fan to maintain combustion. There is not, however, sufiicient air for complete combustion and a rich combustible mixture is 15 formed by the sensible and radiant heat from the partial combustion of a portion of the sprayed fuel. The products of said combustion and vaporization pass downwardly through the inlet 22 into the fan, being mixed therein with air from the inlet 2!. The mixture is delivered through the grating 26 where it is ignited. After ignition is brought about above the grating i i, the portion of the burned gases directly beneath the collecting member 26 is drawn therethrough into the casing til. Said gases maintain the walls of the vaporizing chamber l l in heated condition, thereby assisting in the vaporization of liquid fuel collecting thereon. The gases pass through the screen l2 which, as constructed in a working device, acts as a flame dampener to extinguish flames from the burning gases passing into the member 28. The hot gases then pass into the vaporizing chamber I! through the spray between the edge of the disk l8 and the adjacent wall of the chamber. The spray is at this point substantially all vaporized by the sensible heat of the hot products of complete combustion. As said gases are inert there is no combustion at this point after the burner has been put into operation. The vaporization products continue to be drawn through the inlet 22 of the fan housing. Said products are mixed with air from the outlet 25 sufiicient for complete combustion and delivery through the grating 24. It is to be understood that applicant has shown and described only a preferred embodiment of his improved liquid fuel vaporizer and burner and that he claims as his invention all modifications falling within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A burner comprising a casing, a vaporizing chamber in said casing and spaced from the walls thereof, means for delivering liquid fuel 55 in finely divided form to said chamber, a pump, means for delivering gaseous products from said chamber to said pump, means for delivering air to said pump, a burner grating, means for supplying gases from the pump to said grating, means in the vicinity of the grating on the flame side for collecting burned gases, said means being in communication with the casing, and means for delivering the burned gases from the casing to the vaporizing chamber.

2. A burner comprising a casing, a vaporizing chamber in said casing and spaced from the Walls thereof, means for delivering liquid fuel in finely divided form to said chamber, a perforated member between the casing and the vaporizing chamber, a pump, means for delivering gaseous products from said chamber to said pump, means for delivering air to said pump, a burner grating, means for supplying gases from the pump to said grating, and means in the vicinity of the grating on the flame side for collecting burned gases, said means being in communication with the casing.

3. A burner comprising acasing, a vaporizing chamber in said casing and spaced from the walls thereof, said chamber being open at the top and in communication with the space between the chamber and the walls of the casing, means for delivering liquid fuel in finely divided form to said chamber, a pump means for delivering gaseous products from said chamber to said pump, means for delivering air to said pump, a burner grating, means for supplying gases from the piunp to said grating, and means in the vicinity of the grating on the flame side for collecting burned gases, said means being in communication with the casing for delivering the burned gases to the space between the casing and the vaporizing chamber, said gases thereby heating the vaporizing chamber through the Walls prior to delivery into the chamber.

CHARLES A. FRENCH.

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