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US20050000186A1 - Method of manufacturing structural units - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing structural units Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050000186A1
US20050000186A1 US10/486,741 US48674104A US2005000186A1 US 20050000186 A1 US20050000186 A1 US 20050000186A1 US 48674104 A US48674104 A US 48674104A US 2005000186 A1 US2005000186 A1 US 2005000186A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
building elements
building
fibre
produced
structural unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/486,741
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English (en)
Inventor
Gerardus Van Erp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
University of Southern Queensland
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Assigned to SOUTHERN QUEENSLAND, UNIVERSITY OF reassignment SOUTHERN QUEENSLAND, UNIVERSITY OF ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: VAN ERP, GERARDUS MARIA
Publication of US20050000186A1 publication Critical patent/US20050000186A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/38—Arched girders or portal frames
    • E04C3/46—Arched girders or portal frames of materials not covered by groups E04C3/40 - E04C3/44; of a combination of two or more materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/10—Railings; Protectors against smoke or gases, e.g. of locomotives; Maintenance travellers; Fastening of pipes or cables to bridges
    • E01D19/103—Parapets, railings ; Guard barriers or road-bridges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2/00—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2/00—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure
    • E01D2/02—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure of the I-girder type
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/026—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of plastic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/28—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of materials not covered by groups E04C3/04 - E04C3/20
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/36—Columns; Pillars; Struts of materials not covered by groups E04C3/32 or E04C3/34; of a combination of two or more materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
    • E01D2101/40—Plastics

Definitions

  • THIS INVENTION relates to a method of manufacture of structural units.
  • the invention relates to structural units constructed at least partially from fibre-reinforced plastics.
  • the Dumlao method bonds together fibre composite modules made of specific resin and fibres to make a larger structure
  • the larger structure is made only from the materials of the individual modules and, therefore, has essentially the properties of the specific resin and fibres.
  • the larger structure does not have any particular structural advantages compared to the modules.
  • the invention resides in a method of producing an improved structural unit with anisotropic load characteristics, said method including the steps of:
  • the inventor has found that a surprising advantage is obtained by bringing together disparate materials with quite different characteristics to form structural units that can be built into structures.
  • the properties of the structures such as stiffness, strength and mass, are tailorable by selection of the materials of the first and second building elements.
  • the properties are tailorable as both the first and second building members are able to withstand loading in their own right. That is, the individual building element would be able to be loaded if they were not adhered together.
  • the first building elements may be produced using polyester, vinylester or epoxy resin plastics and produced using a glass, carbon or keviar fibre. Preferably, the first building elements are pultruded.
  • the second building elements may also be produced using fibre-reinforced plastic but with a different plastic and/or fibre to that of the first building elements.
  • the second building element may also be produced from any suitable material such as concrete, timber, plastics, metal or the like, The concrete may be prefabricated or cast in situ.
  • the second building element may be used to improve the load carrying characteristics of the structural unit.
  • the second building element may provide additional tensile, sheer or compressive strength to the structural member.
  • the first and/or second building elements have at least two sides of its outer periphery that are substantially flat.
  • the second building element may be placed between two first building elements. Alternately, the second building element may be located adjacent said first building elements.
  • the first building elements may be of uniform cross-section throughout their length.
  • the first building elements may be tubular.
  • the first building elements are produced using standard shapes and/or lengths.
  • the first and second building elements may be of a variety of different shapes and/or different sizes.
  • the building elements are adhered together using adhesive.
  • the adhesive may be used not only to bond building elements together, but to absorb stresses and/or potential cracking that may occur when two different materials are combined together.
  • the adhesive may be epoxy resin.
  • the building elements may be adhered to each other to enable the structural unit to be curved.
  • Bulkheads, diaphragms, strong points and/or internal ties can be used to produce the structural units.
  • the structural units produced using this method may be used in conjunction with each other to produce an improved structure.
  • FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a beam according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1B is transverse cross-sectional view of the beam according to FIG. 1A ;
  • FIG. 2A is a transverse cross-sectional view of a floor slab unit according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2B is a transverse cross-sectional view of a floor slab unit according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3A is a transverse cross-sectional view of a girder according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3B is a transverse cross-sectional view of a girder according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a curb unit for bridges according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5A is a perspective view of a pole according to a seventh embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5B is a transverse cross-sectional view of a pole for bridges according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6A is a side view of a pedestrian bridge according to an eighth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6B is a transverse cross-sectional view of the pedestrian bridge of FIG. 6A ;
  • FIG. 6C is perspective view of a rail of the pedestrian bridge of FIG. 6A ; and FIG. 7 is a side view of a pedestrian bridge according to a ninth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1 B show a beam 10 produced using two different standard types of pultruded fibre-reinforced plastic members 11 and 12 and a concrete member 13 .
  • One type of fibre-reinforced plastic member 11 is tubular and substantially square in transverse cross-section. These fibre-reinforced plastic members 11 are constructed from polyester plastics and glass fibre making them relatively cheap to manufacture.
  • the other type of fibre-reinforced plastics member 12 is substantially planar and constructed from vinylester plastics and carbon fibre and is substantially stronger than the other fibre-reinforced members 11 .
  • the concrete member 13 is prefabricated prior to the beam being formed.
  • the beam 10 is produced by gluing the fibre-reinforced members 11 and 12 and concrete member 13 together using epoxy resin.
  • the combination of the two different fibre-reinforced plastic members 11 and 12 provides the beam 10 with excellent tensile strength whilst the concrete member 13 provides the beam 10 with excellent compressive strength. This allows a lightweight, structural beam 10 to be produced quickly and easily with reduced cost.
  • the beam 10 has considerable advantages compared to the known prior art composite modules. Careful selection of the fibres and resins for the fibre-reinforced members 11 and 12 allows the properties of the beam to be tailored to provide the desired strength, stiffness, mass, etc. It will be appreciated that selection of the glue for bonding the fibre-reinforced members and the concrete member 13 is important to allow for variations between thermal expansion properties of different materials. The glue also absorbs stresses that can lead to cracking which is known to be a problem in prior art composites.
  • FIG. 2A shows a floor slab 20 comprising two different standard types of pultruded fibre-reinforced plastic members 21 and 22 and a prefabricated concrete slab 23 .
  • the fibre-reinforced members 21 are tubular and substantially square in transverse cross-section. These fibre-reinforced plastic members 21 are constructed from vinylester plastics and glass fibre giving them good tensile strength properties.
  • the fibre-reinforced plastics members 22 are substantially planar and constructed from epoxy resin plastics and carbon fibre and are substantially stronger than the other fibre-reinforced members 21 .
  • the fibre-reinforced members 21 and 22 and concrete member 23 are adhered together using epoxy resin.
  • the fibre-reinforced members 22 are located between the fibre-reinforced members 21 and are located at the base of the floor slab 20 to increase the tensile strength properties of the floor slab 20 .
  • the concrete slab 23 provides compressive strength to the floor slab. Hence, a modular lightweight floor slab 20 can be produced quickly and easily.
  • FIG. 2B A variation of the floor slab 20 of FIG. 2A is shown in the floor slab 30 of FIG. 2B . Again, two different standard types of fibre-reinforced plastics member 31 and 32 and a cast in situ concrete slab 33 are used to produce the floor slab 30 .
  • the fibre-reinforced members 31 and 32 are arranged in a different fashion according to differing load requirements of the floor slab.
  • the fibre-reinforced member 32 is elongated and extends along the base of the floor slab 30 . In this embodiment, it is more practicable to locate the fibre-reinforced member 32 along the base of the floor slab as it reduces labour time in constructing the slab without substantially decreasing the structural properties of the floor slab 30 .
  • FIG. 3A shows a girder 40 comprising fibre-reinforced plastic members 41 and a steel sheet 42 .
  • the fibre-reinforced plastic members 41 are tubular and substantially square in transverse cross-section. These fibre-reinforced plastic members 41 are constructed from polyester plastics and glass fibre.
  • the steel sheet 42 is constructed of an impact resistant steel and has anti-slip indentations (not shown) located on its upper surface.
  • the girder is produced by adhering the fibre-reinforced members and steel sheet together using epoxy resin.
  • the fibre-reinforced members provide tensile strength whilst the steel provides compressive strength and wear resistant surface.
  • the girder is typically used as the body for a trailer of an articulated vehicle.
  • the girder is lightweight and has good strength and wear characteristics.
  • FIG. 3B shows a girder 50 that is a variation of the girder 40 of FIG. 3A .
  • the girder 50 uses different shaped fibre-reinforced plastic members to produce a different shaped lower section of the girder. This is useful for a different wheel configuration for a trailer of an articulated vehicle.
  • FIG. 4 shows a curb unit 60 for a concrete bridge 61 .
  • the curb unit is produced using fibre-reinforced plastic members 62 , a concrete block 63 and post 64 .
  • the fibre-reinforced members 62 are constructed from polyester plastics and glass fibre and are shaped as described previously.
  • the fibre-reinforced members 62 are adhered to each other and to the concrete block 63 .
  • the post 64 is attached to the concrete block 63 using conventional fastenings 65 .
  • the curb unit 60 is then attached to a side of a bridge 61 using adhesive.
  • the curb unit is lightweight and strong and can resist force applied to the pole 64 in any direction due to the construction of the curb unit 60 .
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B show a pole 70 comprising two laminate wood halves 71 and twenty-four fibre-reinforced plastic members 72 .
  • the fibre-reinforced members 72 are made from polyester plastics and glass fibre. They are tubular and have a curved top and bottom surface.
  • the pole 70 is produced by adhering the fibre-reinforced plastic members 72 together and then adhering the laminate wood halves 71 to the fibre-reinforced members 72 .
  • the pole 70 that is produced looks similar to an actual timber pole but is lightweight, strong and is can be made more fire resistant.
  • FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B show a pedestrian bridge 80 comprising a pair of rails 81 and 82 constructed from fibre-reinforced plastics members 83 .
  • the fibre-reinforced members 83 are made from vinyl ester plastics and glass fibre. They are tubular and rectangular in cross-section.
  • the rails 81 and 82 are constructed by banding the fibre-reinforced plastics members 83 prior to adhering them to each other. This press stresses the fibre-reinforced members as well as creating a desired shape. Shorter fibre-reinforced members 83 A can be used to create windows 84 within the rails.
  • FIG. 6C shows the rail where plastic fibre members 83 B have been adhered transverse to the other plastic fibre members 83 . These transverse members can be applied along the length of the member 83 to provide additional stiffening to the rail to prevent distortion and buckling and assist in carrying shear forces.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of a pedestrian bridge 90 constructed from fibre-reinforced plastic members 91 .
  • the lower fibre-reinforced plastics members 91 A do not extend the length of the bridge to provide additional clearance under the bridge 90 .
  • An advantage of this method of producing the variety of structural units, in those described above, is that structural units can be made according to specific engineering requirements. Different materials can be combined with fibre-reinforced plastic to produce the desired anisotropic load characteristics of the structural units.
  • this method can be used to produce structural units that use fibre-reinforced plastic relatively cheaply and easily, whereas previously it has been impractical to do so due to cost.
  • This method employs relatively small transverse cross-sectional shaped lengths of pultruded material that can be manufactured cost effectively due to economies of scale, This cost saving can be achieved as standard shapes are used for a variety of applications without the need to manufacture new dies,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
US10/486,741 2001-08-14 2002-08-13 Method of manufacturing structural units Abandoned US20050000186A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPR7045 2001-08-14
AUPR7045A AUPR704501A0 (en) 2001-08-14 2001-08-14 A method of manufacturing structural units
PCT/AU2002/001098 WO2003016649A1 (fr) 2001-08-14 2002-08-13 Procede de fabrication d'unites structurelles

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US20050000186A1 true US20050000186A1 (en) 2005-01-06

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US10/486,741 Abandoned US20050000186A1 (en) 2001-08-14 2002-08-13 Method of manufacturing structural units

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US (1) US20050000186A1 (fr)
AU (1) AUPR704501A0 (fr)
NZ (1) NZ531156A (fr)
WO (1) WO2003016649A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100018143A1 (en) * 2006-12-18 2010-01-28 Evonik Roehm Gmbh Composite support systems using plastics in combination with other materials
US20110189479A1 (en) * 2010-02-01 2011-08-04 Mingfu Zhang Formaldehyde-free protein-containing binder compositions
US8800245B1 (en) 2013-03-27 2014-08-12 Advancecd Vinyl Floor Manufacturing Corp. Method and apparatus for floor tiles and planks
WO2017078552A1 (fr) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-11 Bayani Fernando Structures de rebord de plate-forme en acier
US9677273B2 (en) * 2014-11-26 2017-06-13 King Saud University Concrete-filled steel tubular column for high load carrying capacity and fire resistance
JP2017179815A (ja) * 2016-03-29 2017-10-05 株式会社Ihi Ｆｒｐ製形材及び橋梁
CN113322789A (zh) * 2021-06-29 2021-08-31 清华大学 纤维增强复合材料拉挤型材与混凝土组合挂梁及桥梁
US20220204402A1 (en) * 2020-12-29 2022-06-30 AEEE Capital Holding & Advisory Group Ultra High Performance Concrete
US20220205195A1 (en) * 2020-12-29 2022-06-30 AEEE Capital Holding & Advisory Group Long span bridge designs
US11603632B1 (en) * 2021-01-11 2023-03-14 AEEE Capital Holding & Advisory Group Method for producing a prestressed concrete bridge beam

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10336461A1 (de) 2003-08-05 2005-03-03 Aloys Wobben Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rotorblattes einer Windenergieanlage
GB2476843B (en) * 2010-05-14 2012-12-12 Gurit Uk Ltd Modular bridge

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5025605A (en) * 1987-06-26 1991-06-25 Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. Meshwork reinforced and pre-stressed concrete member, method and apparatus for making same
US5448869A (en) * 1994-02-17 1995-09-12 Marvin Lumber And Cedar Co. Composite framing member and window or door assembly incorporating a composite framing member
US5501054A (en) * 1994-03-01 1996-03-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Bolted wood connections
US5679432A (en) * 1994-05-09 1997-10-21 Benchmark Foam, Inc. Multi-layer laminate structure
US5688426A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-11-18 The Boeing Company Hybrid metal webbed composite beam
US5794402A (en) * 1996-09-30 1998-08-18 Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. Modular polymer matrix composite support structure and methods of constructing same
US5852909A (en) * 1994-03-01 1998-12-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Localized notch reinforcement for wooden beams
US20040128947A1 (en) * 2001-05-17 2004-07-08 Toshihiro Ito Sound-proof wall made of frp, and method of producing the same

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EP0244120A3 (fr) * 1986-04-16 1989-07-12 Courtaulds Plc Elément composite
US5657595A (en) * 1995-06-29 1997-08-19 Hexcel-Fyfe Co., L.L.C. Fabric reinforced beam and column connections

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5025605A (en) * 1987-06-26 1991-06-25 Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. Meshwork reinforced and pre-stressed concrete member, method and apparatus for making same
US5448869A (en) * 1994-02-17 1995-09-12 Marvin Lumber And Cedar Co. Composite framing member and window or door assembly incorporating a composite framing member
US5501054A (en) * 1994-03-01 1996-03-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Bolted wood connections
US5852909A (en) * 1994-03-01 1998-12-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Localized notch reinforcement for wooden beams
US5679432A (en) * 1994-05-09 1997-10-21 Benchmark Foam, Inc. Multi-layer laminate structure
US5688426A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-11-18 The Boeing Company Hybrid metal webbed composite beam
US5794402A (en) * 1996-09-30 1998-08-18 Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. Modular polymer matrix composite support structure and methods of constructing same
US6092350A (en) * 1996-09-30 2000-07-25 Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. Modular polymer matrix composite support structure and methods of constructing same
US20040128947A1 (en) * 2001-05-17 2004-07-08 Toshihiro Ito Sound-proof wall made of frp, and method of producing the same

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100018143A1 (en) * 2006-12-18 2010-01-28 Evonik Roehm Gmbh Composite support systems using plastics in combination with other materials
US20110189479A1 (en) * 2010-02-01 2011-08-04 Mingfu Zhang Formaldehyde-free protein-containing binder compositions
US8800245B1 (en) 2013-03-27 2014-08-12 Advancecd Vinyl Floor Manufacturing Corp. Method and apparatus for floor tiles and planks
US9677273B2 (en) * 2014-11-26 2017-06-13 King Saud University Concrete-filled steel tubular column for high load carrying capacity and fire resistance
WO2017078552A1 (fr) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-11 Bayani Fernando Structures de rebord de plate-forme en acier
JP2017179815A (ja) * 2016-03-29 2017-10-05 株式会社Ihi Ｆｒｐ製形材及び橋梁
US20220204402A1 (en) * 2020-12-29 2022-06-30 AEEE Capital Holding & Advisory Group Ultra High Performance Concrete
US20220205195A1 (en) * 2020-12-29 2022-06-30 AEEE Capital Holding & Advisory Group Long span bridge designs
US12116738B2 (en) * 2020-12-29 2024-10-15 AEEE Capital Holding & Advisory Group Long span bridge designs
US11603632B1 (en) * 2021-01-11 2023-03-14 AEEE Capital Holding & Advisory Group Method for producing a prestressed concrete bridge beam
CN113322789A (zh) * 2021-06-29 2021-08-31 清华大学 纤维增强复合材料拉挤型材与混凝土组合挂梁及桥梁

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Publication number Publication date
WO2003016649A1 (fr) 2003-02-27
NZ531156A (en) 2006-01-27
AUPR704501A0 (en) 2001-09-06

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Owner name: SOUTHERN QUEENSLAND, UNIVERSITY OF, AUSTRALIA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VAN ERP, GERARDUS MARIA;REEL/FRAME:015775/0816

Effective date: 20040223

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION