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US20040154860A1 - Exhaust silencer - Google Patents

Exhaust silencer Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040154860A1
US20040154860A1 US10/752,826 US75282604A US2004154860A1 US 20040154860 A1 US20040154860 A1 US 20040154860A1 US 75282604 A US75282604 A US 75282604A US 2004154860 A1 US2004154860 A1 US 2004154860A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
housing
silencer
silencer according
catalytic converter
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/752,826
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Claudia Joost
Johannes Lugger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Makita Engineering Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Assigned to DOLMAR GMBH reassignment DOLMAR GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LUGGER, JOHANNES, JOOST, CLAUDIA
Publication of US20040154860A1 publication Critical patent/US20040154860A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1888—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the housing of the assembly consisting of two or more parts, e.g. two half-shells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/003—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using dead chambers communicating with exhaust gas flow passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F01N1/084—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling the exhaust gases flowing through the silencer two or more times longitudinally in opposite directions, e.g. using parallel or concentric tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2882—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices
    • F01N3/2885—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices with exhaust silencers in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F01N2510/04—Surface coverings for sound absorption

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a silencer with the characteristics mentioned in the precharacterising part of claim 1 .
  • exhaust silencers of the generic type are well known. As a rule, exhaust silencers, most of the time referred to as silencers only, are used for silencing internal combustion engines. A particular type of silencer is used for two-stroke motors, in particular for portable work machinery such as chain saws or the like.
  • DE 37 29 477 C3 discloses a silencer for a chain saw or the like whose housing, which comprises a separation plane, is made from at least two deinstallable parts, comprising an inlet as well as an outlet for exhaust gases escaping from the cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
  • the silencer is arranged directly at the exhaust outlet of the internal combustion engine.
  • the silencer which comprises two housing halves, is divided into two chambers by an internal separation wall, with the inner separation wall being arranged in a plane behind the housing plane so as to be gas-proof, while the catalytic converter is positioned in an opening of the separation wall, thus providing a connection between the separated chambers. In this way it is possible to arrange the catalytic converter so that it is spaced apart, all around, from the silencer housing, and to feed all the exhaust gas through the catalytic converter.
  • the particular solution consists of the catalytic converter being arranged in a hollow body from which an exhaust end pipe leads to the silencer outlet.
  • the catalytic converter is positioned so as to be spaced apart all around from the silencer housing; it is thus possible to lead all the exhaust gas through the catalytic converter and at the same time to cool the exhaust end pipe, using the “cold”, untreated exhaust gas. Mixing of treated and untreated exhaust gas is avoided.
  • silencer comprising an easily-integrable catalytic converter element of the generic type, which silencer can be variably used for various internal combustion engines of different engine displacement, which silencer achieves low final-temperature values, low sound values, and small pressure fluctuations and in addition allows a space-saving exhaust-flow guide arrangement through the silencer.
  • this object is met by a silencer comprising the characteristics disclosed in claim 1 .
  • a calming chamber between an outlet area of a catalytic converter element and the outlet aperture from the first housing, in an advantageous way a relatively homogeneous temperature of the treated exhaust gas is achieved, and temperature peaks within the exhaust gas flow are avoided. Any pressure pulsations of the internal combustion engine, arranged upstream, are evened out within the calming chamber.
  • the calming chamber also acts in an advantageous way as a rear silencer arranged downstream of the catalytic converter element. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the calming chamber provides the option, when lined with a corresponding sound-absorbing material, of serving as an absorption silencer.
  • the calming chamber comprises a catalytic, a heat-insulating and/or sound-absorbing coating, so that the calming chamber fulfils several tasks at the same time.
  • the catalytic converter element is arranged in a second housing which is located within a first housing of the silencer.
  • the calming chamber is formed by a second inside of the second housing, by an outlet area of the catalytic converter element and by an insert piece arranged in a recess of the first housing.
  • the second housing comprises retention angles by which the second housing is attached to a front housing shell of the first housing.
  • the second housing comprises at least one retention plate with a margin, whereby a catalytic converter chamber is formed between an inlet area to the catalytic converter element and the retention plate and the second housing.
  • the catalytic converter material is arranged accordingly in the catalytic converter chamber.
  • the front housing shell comprises a recess, which at the same time comprises the outlet aperture, with a guide plate being attached to the surface of said housing shell in the region of the recess.
  • An insertion slot is formed between the recess and the guide plate, with spark protection mesh being arrangeable in said insertion slot.
  • a cover which forms an outlet chamber.
  • the outlet chamber comprises a fresh-air aperture and an outlet aperture.
  • the fresh-air aperture is used for mixing the exhaust flow with fresh air. This makes it possible for the temperature of the gas mixed with fresh air to be lowered to such an extent that the exhaust gas temperature in an advantageous way, in the measurement planes specified by registration/approval regulations, safely remains below the legally permissible maximum values.
  • the cover can be shaped such that in the flow path of the treated exhaust gas a narrowing or constriction of the flow channel results, such that a nozzle effect is achieved. This results in fresh air being aspirated in the desired quantity in order to achieve optimal mixing of the treated exhaust gas with fresh air.
  • FIG. 1 a perspective view of an exhaust silencer
  • FIG. 2 a section of the exhaust silencer according to Line A-A in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exhaust silencer 100 , hereinafter referred to as a silencer.
  • This perspective view essentially shows a front housing shell 32 and a rear housing shell 34 of the first housing 12 .
  • the front housing shell 32 comprises a cover 3 which comprises an outlet aperture 42 .
  • FIG. 1 further shows a mounting device 44 which is used to connect the silencer 100 to an internal combustion engine.
  • FIG. 2 section A-A in FIG. 1 of the silencer 100 without mounting device 44 .
  • the first housing 12 comprises a first inside 16 of the housing and a first outside 18 of the housing.
  • the first housing 12 comprises an inlet aperture E which leads to an exhaust channel 26 .
  • the inlet aperture E is connected to an internal combustion engine such that the exhaust gas to be treated enters the silencer 100 without there being any loss.
  • the exhaust gas to be treated is fed to the first housing 12 by way of the exhaust channel 26 .
  • the second housing 14 In the interior of the first housing 12 of the silencer 100 , in the front housing shell 32 which is preferably removable, there is a second housing 14 into which the catalytic converter element K is placed.
  • the second housing 14 is referred to as the accommodation housing because it accommodates the catalytic converter element K.
  • the catalytic converter element K is attached, at corresponding preliminary tension, to a second inside 20 of the accommodation housing 14 .
  • the first inside 16 of the first housing 12 together with a second outside 22 of the accommodation housing 14 , forms the space in front of the catalytic converter element K.
  • the retention plate H is attached to the second inside 20 of the accommodation housing 14 .
  • a catalytic converter chamber KR is formed between the accommodation housing 14 and the retention plate H, with the catalytic converter element K being located in said catalytic converter chamber KR.
  • the accommodation housing 14 comprises an inlet area 28 into the catalytic converter element K, and an outlet area 30 from the catalytic converter element K.
  • the retention plate H is attached at different locations in the accommodation housing 14 .
  • This provides the option in a particularly advantageous way of using the silencer 100 for internal combustion engines of different displacement, which engines, as a result of this, require different sizes of catalytic converter elements.
  • the catalytic converter element K is always safely retained in the accommodation housing 14 . It must be ensured that, with a view to meeting the prescribed exhaust emission requirements, the smallest-possible catalytic converter element K is used, since this is a relatively expensive and heavy component.
  • the front housing shell 32 comprises a recess D with an outlet aperture A, wherein this outlet aperture A can be configured using different diameters so as to ensure optimal adaptation to the exhaust-gas back-pressure.
  • the exhaust flow is fed to a calming chamber 10 .
  • the calming chamber 10 is formed by the second inside 20 of the accommodation housing 14 , by the outlet area 30 of the catalytic converter element K, and by the recess D of the front housing shell 32 .
  • the accommodation housing 14 is attached to the front housing shell 32 .
  • the second inside 20 of the accommodation housing 14 which accommodation housing delimits the calming chamber 10 and behind which housing the retention plate H, of which there is at least one, accommodates the catalytic converter element K, can also be constructed in a dual-wall version so that between the housing walls, an air gap is formed as a temperature insulation, sound insulation and/or noise-insulation gap.
  • corresponding insulation material can be used.
  • Adjacent to the calming chamber 10 is a small and a large outlet chamber 44 , 38 which is partitioned by spark-protection mesh F to form said small and large outlet chambers 44 , 38 .
  • the small outlet chamber 44 is formed by the recess D, the front housing shell 32 , and the spark-protection mesh F.
  • the large outlet chamber 38 is formed by the spark-protection mesh F and the cover B.
  • a guide plate L is attached to the front housing shell 32 . Together with the recess D, an insertion slot S is formed, into which the spark-protection mesh F can be slid into place.
  • the spark-protection mesh F is additionally secured to the front housing shell 32 by means of an attachment element 24 , preferably a self-tapping sheet-metal screw. Installing the spark-protection mesh F prevents any possibility of secondary reactions between the exhaust flow and the outside air which is rich in oxygen, thus safely preventing any emission of sparks or shooting flames.
  • the outlet chamber 38 which has been formed on the outside, is covered by cover B.
  • mixing of the emanating treated exhaust gas with supplied fresh air takes place in this outlet chamber 38 , with said fresh air being able to be fed through a fresh-air aperture 40 , preferably in the upper region of the cover B.
  • the described design of the silencer 100 comprising a first housing 12 and an accommodation housing 14 , in which a catalytic converter element K is accommodated, and the calming chamber 10 arranged between the first housing 12 and the accommodation housing 14 , not only makes possible variable use of catalytic converter elements K for various internal combustion engines of different displacement, but also ensures the ability to maintain low final temperature values, low sound values, and small pressure fluctuations, while the exhaust gas travels only a short distance through the silencer 100 .
  • Second housing (accommodation housing)

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
US10/752,826 2003-01-17 2004-01-06 Exhaust silencer Abandoned US20040154860A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20300769.7 2003-01-17
DE20300769U DE20300769U1 (de) 2003-01-17 2003-01-17 Abgasschalldämpfer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20040154860A1 true US20040154860A1 (en) 2004-08-12

Family

ID=31197668

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/752,826 Abandoned US20040154860A1 (en) 2003-01-17 2004-01-06 Exhaust silencer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20040154860A1 (de)
DE (1) DE20300769U1 (de)
IT (1) ITTO20040015A1 (de)
SE (1) SE0400049L (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050150719A1 (en) * 2004-01-12 2005-07-14 Dolmar Gmbh Exhaust silencer
US20050217931A1 (en) * 2004-04-05 2005-10-06 Mtd Products Inc Method and apparatus for venting exhaust gas from an engine
US20070137188A1 (en) * 2003-12-12 2007-06-21 Toshiki Ohya Exhaust emission control device
US20070169992A1 (en) * 2006-01-25 2007-07-26 Siemens Power Generation, Inc. Acoustic resonator with impingement cooling tubes
US20080053076A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-06 Dolmar Gmbh Exhaust device with a flame resonator
US20100163337A1 (en) * 2006-03-28 2010-07-01 Husqvarna Zenoah Co., Ltd. Muffler
US20100193285A1 (en) * 2009-01-30 2010-08-05 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Silencer cover for saddle-ride type vehicle

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3172738A (en) * 1960-05-12 1965-03-09 Oxy Catalyst Inc Catalytic exhaust purifier for internal combustion engines
US3649215A (en) * 1969-09-18 1972-03-14 Universal Oil Prod Co Catalytic exhaust converter construction
US3685613A (en) * 1970-05-12 1972-08-22 Victa Ltd Mufflers for internal combustion engines
US4039293A (en) * 1976-06-15 1977-08-02 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Catalytic converter for an internal combustion engine
US4867270A (en) * 1987-12-08 1989-09-19 Andreas Stihl Exhaust gas muffler for a two-stroke engine
US5738184A (en) * 1996-04-05 1998-04-14 Kioritz Corporation Muffler for a two-stroke engine
US5829250A (en) * 1994-08-16 1998-11-03 Caterpillar Inc. Series combination catalytic converter
US5857327A (en) * 1996-06-21 1999-01-12 Kioritz Corporation Muffler for an internal combustion engine
US5883342A (en) * 1996-05-25 1999-03-16 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Muffling device for combustion engines
US5897327A (en) * 1997-01-27 1999-04-27 Komatsu Electronic Metals Co., Ltd. Method of evaluating a semiconductor wafer
US5902971A (en) * 1997-01-31 1999-05-11 Kioritz Corporation Muffler for internal combustion engine
US6164066A (en) * 1998-01-27 2000-12-26 Kioritz Corporation Muffler for internal combustion engine
US6393835B1 (en) * 1998-08-01 2002-05-28 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Exhaust muffler comprising a catalytic converter
US6422338B1 (en) * 1999-06-01 2002-07-23 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Exhaust gas muffler for internal combustion engines
US6789644B2 (en) * 2001-11-06 2004-09-14 Hiraoka Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Engine muffler

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE9703582L (sv) * 1997-10-01 1999-04-02 Electrolux Ab Katalysatorljuddämpare

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3172738A (en) * 1960-05-12 1965-03-09 Oxy Catalyst Inc Catalytic exhaust purifier for internal combustion engines
US3649215A (en) * 1969-09-18 1972-03-14 Universal Oil Prod Co Catalytic exhaust converter construction
US3685613A (en) * 1970-05-12 1972-08-22 Victa Ltd Mufflers for internal combustion engines
US4039293A (en) * 1976-06-15 1977-08-02 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Catalytic converter for an internal combustion engine
US4867270A (en) * 1987-12-08 1989-09-19 Andreas Stihl Exhaust gas muffler for a two-stroke engine
US5829250A (en) * 1994-08-16 1998-11-03 Caterpillar Inc. Series combination catalytic converter
US5738184A (en) * 1996-04-05 1998-04-14 Kioritz Corporation Muffler for a two-stroke engine
US5883342A (en) * 1996-05-25 1999-03-16 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Muffling device for combustion engines
US5857327A (en) * 1996-06-21 1999-01-12 Kioritz Corporation Muffler for an internal combustion engine
US5897327A (en) * 1997-01-27 1999-04-27 Komatsu Electronic Metals Co., Ltd. Method of evaluating a semiconductor wafer
US5902971A (en) * 1997-01-31 1999-05-11 Kioritz Corporation Muffler for internal combustion engine
US6164066A (en) * 1998-01-27 2000-12-26 Kioritz Corporation Muffler for internal combustion engine
US6393835B1 (en) * 1998-08-01 2002-05-28 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Exhaust muffler comprising a catalytic converter
US6422338B1 (en) * 1999-06-01 2002-07-23 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Exhaust gas muffler for internal combustion engines
US6789644B2 (en) * 2001-11-06 2004-09-14 Hiraoka Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Engine muffler

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070137188A1 (en) * 2003-12-12 2007-06-21 Toshiki Ohya Exhaust emission control device
US20050150719A1 (en) * 2004-01-12 2005-07-14 Dolmar Gmbh Exhaust silencer
US20050217931A1 (en) * 2004-04-05 2005-10-06 Mtd Products Inc Method and apparatus for venting exhaust gas from an engine
WO2005103457A3 (en) * 2004-04-05 2006-11-23 Mtd Products Inc Method and apparatus for venting exhaust gas from an engine
US7156202B2 (en) * 2004-04-05 2007-01-02 Mtd Products Inc Method and apparatus for venting exhaust gas from an engine
US20070169992A1 (en) * 2006-01-25 2007-07-26 Siemens Power Generation, Inc. Acoustic resonator with impingement cooling tubes
US7413053B2 (en) 2006-01-25 2008-08-19 Siemens Power Generation, Inc. Acoustic resonator with impingement cooling tubes
US20100163337A1 (en) * 2006-03-28 2010-07-01 Husqvarna Zenoah Co., Ltd. Muffler
US8360200B2 (en) * 2006-03-28 2013-01-29 Husqvarna Zenoah Co., Ltd. Muffler
US20080053076A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-06 Dolmar Gmbh Exhaust device with a flame resonator
US20100193285A1 (en) * 2009-01-30 2010-08-05 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Silencer cover for saddle-ride type vehicle
US8220587B2 (en) * 2009-01-30 2012-07-17 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Silencer cover for saddle-ride type vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE0400049L (sv) 2004-07-18
DE20300769U1 (de) 2004-05-27
ITTO20040015A1 (it) 2004-04-16
SE0400049D0 (sv) 2004-01-14

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: DOLMAR GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:JOOST, CLAUDIA;LUGGER, JOHANNES;REEL/FRAME:014874/0550;SIGNING DATES FROM 20031218 TO 20031219

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION