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US20040118395A1 - Parabolic solar concentrator module - Google Patents

Parabolic solar concentrator module Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040118395A1
US20040118395A1 US10/720,632 US72063203A US2004118395A1 US 20040118395 A1 US20040118395 A1 US 20040118395A1 US 72063203 A US72063203 A US 72063203A US 2004118395 A1 US2004118395 A1 US 2004118395A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
panels
panel
module according
skins
honeycomb
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/720,632
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English (en)
Inventor
Carlo Rubbia
Mauro Vignolini
Diego Prischich
Adio Miliozzi
Giuseppe Giannuzzi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie lEnergia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile ENEA
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Assigned to ENEA ENTE PER LE NUOVE TECHNOLOGIE E L'AMBIENTE reassignment ENEA ENTE PER LE NUOVE TECHNOLOGIE E L'AMBIENTE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GIANNUZZI, GIUSEPPE MAURO, MILIOZZI, ADIO, PRISCHICH, DIEGO ETTORE, VIGNOLINI, MAURO, RUBBIA, CARLO
Publication of US20040118395A1 publication Critical patent/US20040118395A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/82—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors characterised by the material or the construction of the reflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to solar power plants for the production of energy and particularly to a panel or module of cylindric parabolic collectors, with a honeycomb structure, adapted to support thin mirrors, which concentrate the rays of sunlight on a tube, within which a fluid to be heated flows, for use in such plants.
  • Present systems for concentration of rays of sunlight are generally formed of curved glass mirrors having a 4 mm thickness and cylindric-parabolic shape, with a 166 cm spaced focus and a 576 cm parabolic span, and which are supported by a reticular tube structure which has the strength necessary for withstanding deformation forces due to wind action.
  • the mirror is self-supporting and is secured to an underlying structure by means of supports glued thereto.
  • the reflecting surfaces of the present plants can be stable for a long time, from both optical and mechanical points of view and can be easily cleaned, but in particular working conditions they are fragile. In fact, in some cases rupture stresses have resulted due to forces and vibrations caused by the wind and by interactions with the support structures.
  • the glass panels arranged at the most exposed extremities of said structures have been strengthened by glass fibers to improve their mechanical characteristics.
  • the present cost of the curved mirrors varies between 52 and $60/m 2 , but in any case, additional costs for the assemblage and alignment of the mirrors in situ, must be considered, which may be estimated as $60/m 2 .
  • the mirrors should have excellent optical proprieties and need support structures for following the movement of the sun; all this being extremely expensive and establishes a need for an alternative system for reducing the costs of the collectors.
  • the main object of the present invention is to overcome the above problems and drawbacks by providing a solar energy concentrator module or panel having a parabolic shape with a honeycomb structure which supports thin glass mirrors, able to concentrate the rays of sunlight on a tube in which a fluid flows, which fluid is heated by the solar energy to a temperature suitable to be used for the production of solar energy.
  • the module is supported by a tubular element extending longitudinally, so as to support the panel honeycomb structure by means of suitable transverse fins and/or ribs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a panel according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a representation of a parabolic transverse profile of the panel
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view which schematically represents a first embodiment of the invention in which the panels with a honeycomb structure have a variable thickness;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view which schematically shows a second embodiment of the invention in which the honeycomb panels have a constant thickness
  • FIG. 5 represents an example of ribs supporting the honeycomb panels
  • FIG. 6 shows a portion of a solar power plant with a plurality of panels aligned to form a solar concentrator
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a honeycomb panel having a constant thickness, in which the support ribs are formed by variable section fins.
  • the reflecting panels and their support structures play an important role for determining the overall efficiency of solar power plants: such equipment should transfer the greatest quantity of energy to a receiving tube.
  • the entire support structure should have low deformation levels caused by winds in working conditions. This is of particular concern, as in certain conditions the mirrors can behave as sails.
  • the parabolic shape of the panels has a wide surface, which can cause distortion due to the flexure and torsion of the entire structure.
  • deformation due to flexion and torsion moments should be less than ⁇ 0.15° (with respect to the normal of the reflecting surface), whereas the induced tensions should not exceed the maximum tensile stresses of the material, and particularly of the mirrors. 0.15 degrees corresponds to the value of the maximum deviation of the sun's reflected rays, with respect to an ideal situation, in which there is no deformation of the parabola.
  • the mirrors should be easily replaceable and adjustable in situ.
  • the present invention overcomes the problems characterizing known techniques, and incorporates the use of composite materials having a high stiffness and a low weight, such as honeycomb structures 1 , on which are supported thin mirrors 2 having a thickness of about 1.1 mm or slightly greater.
  • Such a construction may be achieved at low costs with the reflecting glass panels 2 having a small thickness and which are cold deformed.
  • the sandwich panels P consist of a central layer or core 1 with a honeycomb structure, preferably of aluminium, on which two very thin layers (skins) 3 , preferably of steel, are fastened, which improve the sturdiness properties and help maintain the shape of the entire panel.
  • the central layer or core 1 formed with small honeycomb cells, should also have a high compression resistance to keep a constant distance between the skins.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the outer layers (skins) 3 are chosen to be similar to that of the core 1 , for avoiding ruptures caused by differential elongations of the two materials.
  • steel has been found to be the most suitable material for skins, whereas aluminium, owing to its low weight, results in the most suitable material for the core 1 .
  • the thin glass (mirror) 2 is fastened to one of the skins 3 of the concave surfaces of the panel P.
  • the novel curved honeycomb structure according to the invention (FIGS. 2 to 4 and 7 ), having reflecting surfaces 2 at the upper concave portion, improves sturdiness by avoiding dangerous deformations, which would normally hinder the use of less resistant thin and light mirrors.
  • This constructive solution besides conveniently offering a high sturdiness-weight ratio, also reduces the material and production costs.
  • the intrinsic sturdiness of the honeycomb structure facilitates the use of panels P having greater sizes, thus causing a further reduction of installation and regulation costs of the mirrors in situ, which in present existing plants equals the cost of a panel.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown a panel P with a honeycomb structure and a varying thickness, which decreases starting from the parabola apex towards the longitudinal parabola edges.
  • the cylindrical support tube 4 has the function of transmitting to the entire structure and particularly to the reflecting parabolic panels the twisting moment of a motor MT.
  • the tube 4 could be constructed by folding a flat sheet into a closed polygonal shape, close to a circle, which is welded at its extremities.
  • FIG. 4 a second embodiment of the invention is provided (see FIG. 4), comprising curved honeycomb panels with a constant thickness, which are secured to the longitudinal support tube 4 by suitable support fins 5 integral therewith.
  • each panel P has a length of about 3 meters and the aluminium honeycomb layer has a thickness of 25 mm and is lined with 0.5 mm thick skins of carbon steel.
  • the surfaces of the carbon steel skins are treated by an economical electro-galvanization process to protect the material from corrosion and increase the adhesion force of the mirrors.
  • a waterproof material is applied to the mirrors by an adhesive layer to avoid an electro-chemical corrosion which can take place through contact of the silver-plated surfaces with water (an electrolyte). This is one of the main reasons for corrosion of the silver plating on the glass.
  • the thin mirror 2 is fastened to the panel by gluing with an epoxidic or acrylic glue and applying pressure by means of a curved spindle M to the concave support surface.
  • the use of two steel sheets or skins 3 is important for assuring both the thermal stability and integrity of the mirror and maintaining good optical characteristics over a wide temperature range.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the steel (10.8-12.6 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 m/m° C.) is near to that of the glass (5.6-12.6 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 m/m° C.), whereas those of aluminium (21.6 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 m/m° C.) and plastic (50 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 m/m° C.) are much higher with respect to that of the glass.
  • honeycomb panels P should be supported by a sufficiently rigid structure for avoiding deformation which could cause a reduction of the optical efficiency of the entire structure.
  • integration between the honeycomb panels and the support structure is provided: this solution simplifies the structure and facilitates its installation, thus attaining an improvement with respect to conventional structures having thick glass mirrors and a rectangular metal structure with hollow tubes).
  • each module P is formed by a generally cylindrical tube 4 , which preferably is provided with reinforcement fins or ribs which connect it to the panels 4 themselves (see FIGS. 4, 5 and 7 ).
  • the entire support structure consists of a series of modules P of the above kind.
  • the modules each have a length of 12 meters and a width of about 5.76 m. Consequently, with 8, 4 or 2 modules it is possible to have linear parabolic panels with a length of 100, 50 or 25 meters, actuated by a motor MT arranged at the half length or center which allows rotation of the parabolic element to follow the displacement of the sun during the day.
  • the criterion on which the limitation of the entire length of the parabolic element is based originates from the need to limit both the deformations of the receiving tube caused by thermal expansion as well as the torsional deformations caused by wind action, without utilizing excessively heavy and complex support structures.
  • each module is not secured to allow thermal expansion.
  • the rotation axis extends through the center of gravity of the entire panel. It should be noted that the motor supplies a torque which should overcome friction forces and possible resistance couple due to the wind.
  • the rotation moment is transmitted from the support tube 4 supporting the reflecting structure by means of the connection fins 5 .
  • the spacing or mutual distance between the fins 5 depends on the geometrical characteristics of the sandwich structure used for supporting the mirrors. In the case of panels with honeycomb core 1 of 2.5 cm, the spacing between the fins can reach 3 meters.
  • flanges or structural reinforcement elements can be inserted to increase the stiffness of the tube itself and provides a mechanical connection with the fins 5 .
  • the follower system utilized with the invention preferably includes a solar sensor and is provided with a feedback signal which assures exact alignment and concentration of the sun rays onto the receiving tube 6 with a precision of about 0.1°.
  • the follower operation is monitored by a local computer assisted by a hardware unit assigned to this purpose.
  • a control room may be provided with indicators of the working condition, alarms and diagnostics. Obviously, the control range for the alignment of the collector and possible corrections thereof are of particular importance.
  • the entire structure is preferably designed to operate in normal conditions at wind speeds up to between 40 and 60 Km/h and a maximum wind condition of 110 Km/h.
  • the collector can be turned over and oriented to offer minimum resistance to the wind, forming an angle of 30° with respect to the horizontal position.
  • a simulation by the FLUENT codex or simulation software can be performed, whereas for estimating the stresses and deformations acting on the materials the CASTEM codex has been used.
  • the FLUENT software allows characterization of the pressure profile on the reflecting surface, as well as examination of instability phenomena caused by downstream vortexes on the reflecting surface, as well as low frequency oscillations which cause vibrations on the mirror surfaces. Analyses can also be performed at different inclination angles of the surface with respect to both the reflecting element and support structure.
  • a first preliminary test has been performed on a parabolic honeycomb panel, on which a uniform pressure of 500 N/m 2 (80 Km/h) has been exerted.
  • the panel was formed with a core of 2.5 cm and two skins of 0.5 mm on the outer surfaces, with the features as set forth in the following table: HONEYCOMB SKINS Aluminum Carbon steel Density 83 Kg/m 3 Density 8300 Kg/m 3 Cell sizes 6 mm Young's 205 Gpa Modulus Compression Ec 1000 MPa Poisson's 0.3 Ratio Stress 4.6 MPa Stress 285 Mpa Plane L G L 440 MPa Thickness 0.5 mm direction Tension 2.4 MPa W G w 220 MPa Weight 4.15 Kg/m 2 direction Tension 1.5 Mpa
  • the panel of 12 meters has the same characteristics along its extension: this means that all single panels are connected one with another and form a single module;
  • the supports (fins on the lower surface) have a high stiffness
  • the panels have single honeycomb cells and shell shaped elements in the lower and upper wall of the surface layers (skins);
  • the surface layers are formed of an isotrope material and the honeycomb is formed by a non-homogeneous material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Mounting And Adjusting Of Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US10/720,632 2001-06-18 2003-11-24 Parabolic solar concentrator module Abandoned US20040118395A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITRM2001A000350 2001-06-18
IT2001RM000350A ITRM20010350A1 (it) 2001-06-18 2001-06-18 Modulo di concentratore solare parabolico.
PCT/IT2002/000360 WO2002103256A1 (en) 2001-06-18 2002-06-03 A parabolic solar concentrator

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IT2002/000360 Continuation WO2002103256A1 (en) 2001-06-18 2002-06-03 A parabolic solar concentrator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20040118395A1 true US20040118395A1 (en) 2004-06-24

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ID=11455604

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US10/720,632 Abandoned US20040118395A1 (en) 2001-06-18 2003-11-24 Parabolic solar concentrator module

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20040118395A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1397621B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE315767T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60208680T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2254698T3 (de)
IT (1) ITRM20010350A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2002103256A1 (de)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070181173A1 (en) * 2006-02-09 2007-08-09 Neubauer Jeffrey B Solar electric power generator
US20080078380A1 (en) * 2006-06-08 2008-04-03 Sopogy, Inc. Use of identical components in solar energy collectors
US20090101208A1 (en) * 2006-03-23 2009-04-23 Guardian Industries Corp. Stiffening members for reflectors used in concentrating solar power apparatus, and method of making same
US20100051018A1 (en) * 2008-08-26 2010-03-04 Ammar Danny F Linear solar energy collection system with secondary and tertiary reflectors
EP2221555A1 (de) 2009-02-24 2010-08-25 Sociedad Anonima Minera Catalano-Aragonesa (Samca) Tragstruktur für Sonnenkollektor
US20100236600A1 (en) * 2007-06-08 2010-09-23 Sopogy, Inc. Parking solar energy collectors
US20100263709A1 (en) * 2009-04-15 2010-10-21 Richard Norman Systems for cost-effective concentration and utilization of solar energy
WO2011028742A1 (en) * 2009-09-02 2011-03-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Concentrating solar mirror panel assembly with corrugated stiffener
US20110067692A1 (en) * 2009-08-11 2011-03-24 Sopogy, Inc. Solid core structure parabolic trough solar energy collection system
WO2011121153A1 (es) * 2010-03-31 2011-10-06 Abengoa Solar New Technologies, S.A. Módulo de colector solar pretensado
WO2011154567A1 (es) * 2010-06-07 2011-12-15 Abengoa Solar New Technologies S. A. Estructura para colector solar cilíndrico
WO2012111008A1 (en) 2011-02-14 2012-08-23 Shikun & Binui - Renewable Energy Ltd. Support structure for solar concentrator
CN103080667A (zh) * 2010-02-01 2013-05-01 索拉莱特公司 太阳能收集器的片段部及太阳能收集器
US20130114155A1 (en) * 2010-06-25 2013-05-09 Konica Minolta Layers, Inc. Reflective panel for solar power generation
US20130175229A1 (en) * 2010-08-05 2013-07-11 Abengoa Solar New Technologies, S.A. Structure with primary-reflector securing beams
US8585225B2 (en) 2006-03-23 2013-11-19 Guardian Industries Corp. Parabolic trough or dish reflector for use in concentrating solar power apparatus and method of making same
CN103518103A (zh) * 2011-03-14 2014-01-15 里奥玻璃太阳能有限公司 反射元件及其制造方法和系统
US20140340741A1 (en) * 2012-01-06 2014-11-20 Konica Minolta Inc. Film mirror, film mirror manufacturing method, film mirror for photovoltaic power generation, and reflection device for photovoltaic power generator
CN105676326A (zh) * 2016-04-07 2016-06-15 常州中航蜂窝技术开发有限公司 定日镜镜体
WO2019110408A1 (fr) 2017-12-07 2019-06-13 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Fabrication d'un sous-module a concentration integrant un materiau dissipateur de chaleur
WO2019110448A1 (fr) 2017-12-07 2019-06-13 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Fabrication d'un sous-module a concentration utilisant les procedes d'assemblage du photovoltaïque

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US20060150967A1 (en) * 2003-01-24 2006-07-13 Erwin Hoelle Solar collector
CN100567846C (zh) * 2004-09-06 2009-12-09 霍尔格·施魏赫尔 吸收管
ES2274710B1 (es) 2005-09-19 2008-05-01 Sener, Ingenieria Y Sistemas, S.A. Brazo de sustentacion, soporte de colector solar cilindro-parabolico y procedimiento para fabricar el brazo.
ITMI20061381A1 (it) * 2006-07-17 2008-01-18 Laterzi Gambettola S R L Metodo semplificato per la creazione di collettori parabolici lineari d'energia solare
DE102007026473B4 (de) 2007-03-30 2008-11-20 Amaton Sa Parabolrinnenkollektor
ITMI20071702A1 (it) * 2007-08-29 2009-02-28 Donati Group S P A Struttura parabolica riflettente per impianti per la produzione di calore da energia solare.
DE102008051807B4 (de) 2008-06-19 2013-08-08 Sabine Mersch Parabolrinnenkollektor
ITTO20080706A1 (it) * 2008-09-26 2010-03-27 Ocap S P A Riflettore solare con struttura di supporto in lamiera metallica cellulare e procedimento per la sua fabbricazione
ITPD20080327A1 (it) * 2008-11-11 2010-05-12 Ronda High Tech S R L Struttura di concentratore solare
DE202008016704U1 (de) * 2008-12-18 2009-03-12 Sk Energy Gmbh Solarmodul und Solaranlage
ES2337332B1 (es) * 2009-07-17 2011-06-08 Ct Ingenieros A.A.I., S.L. Estructura soporte para colector solar cilindrico - parabolico.
DE102009039021A1 (de) * 2009-08-28 2011-07-21 Flagsol GmbH, 50678 Parabolrinnenkollektor
WO2011076267A1 (de) 2009-12-22 2011-06-30 Amaton Sa Parabolrinnenkollektor
ES2390554B1 (es) * 2010-05-03 2013-09-30 Termopower, S.L. Dispositivo de fijacion de los soportes del espejo cilindro-parabolico a la viga de un colector solar
WO2011161275A1 (es) * 2010-06-24 2011-12-29 Albiasa Collector Trough, S.L. Procedimiento y sistema de afinado del canal parabólico en colectores solares cilindro-parabólicos
DE102011001947A1 (de) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-11 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit Stützträgern versehenen gewölbten Reflektors
CA2843780C (en) * 2011-08-04 2015-02-03 6637418 Canada Inc. Carrying On Business As Rackam Heat exchanger and method of manufacturing thereof
CN104067068B (zh) * 2011-10-07 2016-06-29 卡波尼尔复合材料公司 用于太阳能收集器反射镜的夹层结构单元
EP2604948B1 (de) * 2011-12-13 2014-10-08 Kornmüller, Manfred Rinnenförmiger Sonnenkollektor
EP2778563A1 (de) 2013-03-12 2014-09-17 Termopower S.L. Sonnenkonzentrator mit Fokalsystem
US10078197B2 (en) 2016-09-21 2018-09-18 The United States Of America As Represented By Secretary Of The Navy Foam sandwich reflector

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Cited By (49)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070221209A1 (en) * 2006-02-09 2007-09-27 Neubauer Jeffrey B Solar Electric Power Generator
US20070181173A1 (en) * 2006-02-09 2007-08-09 Neubauer Jeffrey B Solar electric power generator
US20090101208A1 (en) * 2006-03-23 2009-04-23 Guardian Industries Corp. Stiffening members for reflectors used in concentrating solar power apparatus, and method of making same
US8585225B2 (en) 2006-03-23 2013-11-19 Guardian Industries Corp. Parabolic trough or dish reflector for use in concentrating solar power apparatus and method of making same
US8814372B2 (en) 2006-03-23 2014-08-26 Guardian Industries Corp. Stiffening members for reflectors used in concentrating solar power apparatus, and method of making same
US20080083405A1 (en) * 2006-06-08 2008-04-10 Sopogy, Inc. Mirror assemblies for concentrating solar energy
US20090314283A1 (en) * 2006-06-08 2009-12-24 Kimura Darren T Support of heat collectors in solar energy collectors
US20080127967A1 (en) * 2006-06-08 2008-06-05 Sopogy, Inc. Use of brackets and rails in concentrating solar energy collectors
US8443795B2 (en) 2006-06-08 2013-05-21 Sopogy, Inc. Use of brackets and rails in concentrating solar energy collectors
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ITRM20010350A1 (it) 2002-12-18
EP1397621A1 (de) 2004-03-17
ITRM20010350A0 (it) 2001-06-18
EP1397621B1 (de) 2006-01-11
WO2002103256A8 (en) 2003-04-10
ATE315767T1 (de) 2006-02-15
ES2254698T3 (es) 2006-06-16
DE60208680T2 (de) 2006-09-07
DE60208680D1 (de) 2006-04-06

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