US2098173A - Excavating and hoisting machine - Google Patents

Description

G. EIBALDRY 2,098,173

EXCAVATING AND HOISTING MACHINE Filed Jan. 2, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Nov. 2, 1937.

Nov. 2, 1937. e. E. BALDRY I EXCAVATING AND HOISTING MACHINE Filed Jan. 2, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Nov. 2, 1937. e. E. BALDRY EXC AVATING AND HOISTING MACHINE Filed Jan. 2, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Nov. 2, 1937 SA'iES PATENT OFFECE Application January 2, 1937, Serial No. 118,885

In Canada November 21, 1935 i 10 Claims. (o1. 255-23 The invention relates to excavating and hoisting machines and an object of the invention-is to provide a compact, portable and easily controlled power driven machine for carrying out the major part of the work entailed in underpinning the walls of a building according to the method disclosed in Patent Number 1,979,670 of the United States of America, dated the sixth day of November 1934. i

A further object of the invention is to arrange certain parts of the machine so that an attendant located adjacent the front end of the machine and within view of the excavation being made, by the machine, can control with facility from A further object is. to design the parts so that they can be manufactured and assembled at comparatively small cost and such that the required work can be done accurately, effectively and with dispatch.

A further object is to construct a portable ma chine, embodying a boring unit, a hoist and a prime mover, all interconnected and under the selective control of a single attendant and to so locate such major parts that they can effectively function without interference one with the other, to carry out the work for which they were designed.

A further object is to locate the boring unit at the front end of the machine so that it can be brought near the wall underneath which the underpinning is to be done and to mount the boring unit so that it can be adjusted to the angular position best suited for the driving of the boring 9'5 tool in the Working position of the latter underneath the wall footing.

A further object is to provide the hoist with a vertically adjustable and laterally moveable boom, clear of the boring unit, and carrying a pair of winding cables one of which is up when the other is down, such arrangement permitting of the ready successive liftings of the earth loaded tool from the excavated hole and of the easy disposition of the earth carried by the tool in a location to the side away from the work.

A further object is to construct certain parts of the boring unit so that the jointed line leadto the boring tool can be easily and quickly freed from the machine at the time it is desired to utilize the hoist to raise the earth loaded tool and further to design the several similar univerjoints connecting the several rods or sections of the line so that they can be easily and quickly 55, disconnected to permit of the insertion of an adsuch point, the entire operation of the machine.-

ditional rod length in the line, each time the dug earth is removed from the boring tool.

A further object is to arrange the worm wheel for driving the boring tool, so that the upper driving section of the line, can slide therethrough whilst being driven, and also to provide a bearing for centering the worm wheel in the working position of said wheel and a releasable yoke bar for retaining the worm wheel seated on the bearing during the boring operation and which permits of the easy removal of the worm wheel from the driving section of the line as and when required.

A further object is to provide a pile weight or hammer for use with the hoist when it is desired to drive piles into the ground.

With the above more important and other. minor objects in View which will become more apparent as the description proceeds, the invention consists essentially in the arrangement and construction of parts hereinafter described reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. l is a side view of the machine showing, generally, its position in relation to the wall under which the concrete pile is to be placed. In this view however, the boom would require tobe moved from the position shown in full outline to the position appearing in dotted outline to place it in working position in regard to the wall shown.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detailed side view of the hoist mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the parts appearing in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detailed side view of the boring tool drive unit.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the parts appearing in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a front view of the worm wheel and associated parts, the yoke bar and base plate being broken away.

Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view at 1-! Fig. 5' certain parts being omitted.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the front end of the boom.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the central part of the mast cross bar.

Fig. 10 is a front face view of the bearing for the boom.

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional View at HIl Fig. 1 part of the vertical side member of the mast being broken away.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the boring tool.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged detailed plan view of the universal joint used to connect the several sections or rods of the line.

Fig. 13 is a plan view of the split ring employed.

Fig. 14 is a side view of the pile weight or hammer.

Fig. 15 is a side view of a modified form of the machine, part of the mast and boom being broken away.

Fig. 16 is a plan view of the parts appearing in Fig. 15, and with the driving unit forthe" boring tool swung down to the horizontal position.

In the drawings like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

The main frame I of the machine comprises similar parallel suitably spaced side beams 2 and 2 connected by front and rear cross beams 3 and 3 and supporting a rearwardly disposed bedplate -l securely fastened to the beams. The beam 3 is set in somewhat from the front end of the frame to clear the boring tool line shouldthe same be working vertically. In advance of the bed plate I locate a further cross beam 5 utilized to carry the boom later described.

An electric motor 7 or other prime mover, is mounted rearwardly on the bed plate and the motor shaft 7 carries the pulley 8. The bed plate has also permanently mounted thereon a reversible hoist, indicated generally by the reference numeral 9 and described in detail hereinafter.

Directly in advance of the hoist I have located a mast Ill, which comprises similar opposing uprights H having their upper ends connected by a cross bar l2 and their lower ends attached by pivot bolts E3 to side plates l4 firmly secured to the side beams of the frame. The mast can be swung rearwardly when not in use. The mast is fastened to the rear corners of the frame by similar tie rods l5 provided with turn buckles I5 for adjusting purposes. The cross bar I2 is supplied centrally and in its rear edge, with a notch or slot l2 (see Fig. 9) to receive the boom chain later referred to.

The beam 5 is positioned slightly ahead of the mast, and receives centrally of its length, a pivot pin I6 carried by a disc or head IS the head being supplied with similar spaced'lugs l'l carrying a horizontally disposed pin IT. The pin l'l pivotally supports the lower end of the boom 18 and accordingly the boom can be raised vertically or swung laterally as desired. The free end of the boom carries a pair of spaced side arms l8 and [8 which support the spindles l9 and IQ of similar pulleys 20 and 20 located between the arms. Bowed sidebars 2i are secured to the arms and carry a cross pin 22 to which I attach the forward end of the boom supporting chain: 23. The rear end of the chain is caught in the slot I2 and obviously I can adjust the boom in a vertical direction by catching one or other of the chain links in the slot in the wellknown manner.

The forward end of the-main frame has permanently secured thereto two similar upstanding side plates 25 and 24 which provide pivot bearings for the adjustable driving unit 25, utilized for driving the line of rods or sections 26 leading to the boring tool.

The hoist previously mentioned is now described in detail; Two similar side standards 21 and 2'! are provided and these are securely bolted to the base plate and theyprovide suitable bearings for the various cross shaftsnow described. Spacers 28 extend between the standards to lend rigidity to the structure. The main drive shaft of the hoist, indicated at 29, is provided between the standards with a pinion 2:9 and in a location aligned with the motor pulley, with a pulley 3') connected by a belt 3! to the motor pulley. The pulley 30 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 29 and is associated with an internal friction clutch 32 of well known design and not herein described in detail. The clutch embodies a pivoted actuating lever 33 which has its free end continuously riding a cone pulley 3d feathered on the shaft and moveable endwise therein. Provision is made for shifting the cone pulley to swing the lever, and in the arrangement as shown, the out movement of the cone pulley, effects through the incident outshifting of the free end of the lever, the coupling of the pulley 36 to the shaft 29. In the position of the parts shown, the pulley is free to rotate on the shaft.

To shift the cone pulley I have herein provided a forked arm which spans the cone pulley in the usual way and have mounted the arm on a spindle 35 carried by suitable bearings 35' secured to the side standards. A side bar 3? is pivotally secured to bracket 38 carried by one of the side plates l4 and the rear end of the side bar is provided with a fork 3i spanning the spindle 36 and connected thereto by a pin 3!). The forward end of the bar 3'! is suitably attached to a control lever 45 carried by the main frame and located near the front end of the machine. Obviously the shifting of the lever in the proper direction will engage or disengage the clutch.

The pinion 29' meshes continuously with a gear M secured to the countershaft li ca ried by the standards and the countershaft carries also a pair of spaced pinions 42 and '52 and chain wheel 22 The pinion Q2 meshes co. inuouslywith a relatively wide pinion carried by a stub shaft 43 secured to the standard 2? and the pinion 42' is adapted to be engaged by a shiftable gear 44 feathered on a cross shaft dd carriedbythestandards. The gear 44 is also adapted when shifted in the proper direction to engage the pinion 43. Accordingly by shifting the gear M I can drive the shaft 44' in a forward or reverse direction. The latter gear is engaged by a spanning fork 45 carried by overlying spindle 45 mounted in the standards, and the la spindle is end shifted by a pivoted side bar -16 and control lever 4'! arranged in substantially the same manner as those previously described. The levers are mounted side by side so that they can be conveniently actuated by the attendant.

The shaft 44 has secured thereto a pinion 48 which meshes continuously with a gear 49 secured to a further countershaft .8 carried by the standards. The latter shaft carries also a pinion 50 which meshes continuously with a gear 5| secured to the drum shaft 5i carried by the forward ends of the standards. drum shaft carries the drums 52 and 5?. which are utilized to wind and unwind the cables and 53, the

u) cables being so attached to the respective drums that when one winds on the other winds oif. The cables pass over the pulleys of the boom and have their free ends supplied with snap hooks 54 or other suitable fastenings. It will be here observed that the drums can be rotated forward or reverse, as desired, by manipulating the leverd'l and that the chain wheel M is always rotated in the same direction and that the operation of the hoist is controlled by the clutch under the influence of the lever 48.

The driving unit 25 for the boring tool, is now described in detail. A horizontally disposed plate 56 is securely fastened to two similar parallel underlying supports 51 and 57. The plate carries two rearwardly disposed similar bearing standards 58 and 58 which rotatably support a rear cross shaft 58 and an adjoining countershaft 59. The ends of the cross shaft 58 are rotatably carried in the side plates 24 and 24' already referred to, such arrangement allowing the driving unit to be angularly adjusted by the raising or lowering of the forward end thereof. To hold the unit in any adjusted position I have supplied the side beams or supports 51 and 51 with outstanding screw threaded studs 60 which protrude through slots 24 supplied in the side plates 24 and 24' and are provided with nuts 6| carrying a handle 6|. The slots are formed concentric to the shaft 58. The latter shaft is supplied with a chain wheel 62 and a pinion 62' and the chain wheel is connected by a chain 62 to the chain wheel 42 previously mentioned.

The pinion 52' meshes continuously with a gear wheel 63 secured to the counter shaft 59. The countershaft carries centrally a. worm 64 which is adapted to mesh with a worm wheel 65 having a square hole 65' centrally therein adapted to receive the upper square rod or section 26 of the line of rods leading to the boring tool. The worm wheel is provided at the top with a ball race 61 containing ball bearings 67' and has the underside thereof fitted with a concentric channel 68 adapted to receive an upstanding centering flange 69 formed from the plate 56. It will be observed that the body of the plate is cut away to provide a circular opening 10 bordered by the flange and that a slot H! extends from the opening to the front edge of the plate 56, the flange being omitted at the slot. This arrangement permits of the rod 26 being cleared forwardly from the machine through the slot upon the worm wheel being lifted clear of the flange.

Provision is made for holding down the worm wheel whenthe same is working, and this comprises a yoke bar H centrally engaging the outer circle of the ball race and centrally spanning the rod 26 and having one end pivotally mounted on a pin 12 carried by a vertical post 12 and the other end slotted at H to receive a pin 73 carried by a further post 13'. The pins are threaded to receive nuts 14 and 14' and the nut 14 is supplied with a handle 14 for manipulating purposes. The posts are permanently carried by the plate 55. Obviously by releasing the nut 14 and swinging the yoke bar rearwardly, one can raise the worm wheel to clear it from the flange and if desired can clear it also from the rod.

The boring tool 15 is of the same type as that described in the patent hereinbefore mentioned and is fully shown in Fig. 12. The tool is rotated in the excavation by the line of similar rods all such rods being connected together and to the tool by similar universal joints. The joints are made so that they can be readily disconnected to permit of the insertion of additional lengths of rods as the boring work proceeds. In Fig. 12 I have shown the type of universal joint employed and here it will be seen that one can disconnect the ends of adjacent rods by removing the bolt B pivotally connecting one of the forks C to the X-shaped coupler D. The other of the forks E is pivotally connected to the coupler D by pivot studs F.

The machine is used as follows, it being understood that it is placed preferably at right angles to the Wall 16 underneath the footing 16 of which it is desired to place the concrete pier. An excavation 11 is previously made at the side of the wall down to the footing, and then 2. limited excavation is made at 11 under the footing this being deep enough to permit of the vertical placement of the boring tool 15 centrally under the footing. Several rods are then connected to the boring tool, the upper rod being passed upwardly through the square hole in the worm wheel. The motor is then started and the attendant then actuates the lever 40 to engage the clutch and cause the driving of the shaft FS. which results in the driving of the shaft 58 through the chain 62 This latter shaft being driven, the worm wheel is driven in a direction to cause the line of rods to drive the boring tool down into the earth and as it lowers the upper rod slides downwardly through the worm wheel. During this operation the gear 44 is in neutral position so that the drums are idle. At the time of working the boom will be held in the raised position shown in dotted outline in Fig. 1 so that the cables are close to the outer face of the wall and can readily descend into the excavation made by the tool, when required. When the upper end of the upper rod has descended to approximately the level of the top of the worm wheel, the lever 40 is thrown to neutral position and the boring operation accordingly stops. The yoke bar is then released and swung back and the worm wheel is removed from the upper end of the upper rod. The lever 4'! is then shifted to bring the gear 44 intomesh with the pinion 42 and then the lever 40 to cause the clutch 32 to engage and drive the drums, through the train of gears provided. As the drums rotate one cable moves up and the other down and when the attendant considers the down cable is properly located for load lifting purposes he stops the drums by shifting the lever 31 to neutral position and proceeds to connect the down cable to one of the line of rods. Connection can be made by utilizing a split, spring grab ring 18 (see Fig. 13) which is supplied with an offset portion 18' adapted to receive the rod and has the ends thereof connected by a short length of chain 18 adapted tobe caught in the snap hook 54. The split ring can be dispensed with however if desired as the snap hook can be caught directly in one of the forks of the universal joint of one of the rods. After the down cable has been connected to the rod, which at such time is forward out of the slot Til, the attendant shifts the lever 41 to bring the gear 44 into mesh with the pinion 43 and this causes the up movement of the attached end of the latter cable and the down movement of the other cable. When the up moving cable has travelled sufiiciently far to lift the boring tool and its earth load to ground level, the clutch is released and the boom is swung to the side to dump position and the earth is cleared from the boring tool. I might here mention that the earth in this locality is of a clayish nature and clings to the boring tool and requires to be removed from the tool by using a shovel. After the earth is cleared the next operation is to insert a further rod or section in the line and re-enter the tool and line in the bored hole. The upper end of the line is 're-entered in the slot 10 and the worm wheel is applied thereon and moved to its seated position on the centering flange. The yoke bar is then fastened in position over the worm wheel and the work of boring is again proceeded with, in the same manner as already described. Each time the tool has descended approximately the length of the added line section it is lifted and clearedof earth and a new section or rod is added to the line. The Work is continued until a firm base is encountered and when this occurs the machine has finished its Thereafter the work of forming the concrete pier and associated operations is carried on in the manner described in the patent hereinbefore referred to.

I might here point out that the Weight of the loaded tool can be supported at any time by throwing the clutch. to the out position at which re the -ner face of the cone pulley 34 is frictionally engaged with the outer face of the adjacent standard and the friction so developed acts as brake to prevent any spinning of the intermeshed gears. I wish also to mention that in the raising of the loaded tool from the hole, the cables are alternately used to lift the load, each cable raising the load approximately a distance equal to the length of a rod of the line. An attendant in the excavation I? attends to the attaching of the loose down cable to the successive rod joints where a grab or snap hook is used and an attendant on the ground disconnects the up cable. Where the split ring used, it is passed downwardly over the underlying joint after being released from the up cable and while the load is held suspended, and is then connected to down cable when the lifting work is resumed.

In Figs. and 16 I have shown a modification of the machine and in this arrangement there is more weight placed forwardly. i. e hoist 9 has been shifted to the forward end of the frame with the drum to the rear and is mounted on an underlying plate 56 carried two similar spaced side members corresponding to those 5? and 5'5 previously mentioned. The side members are pivotally connected to the main frame by side bolts 8i! carried by side plates 86 bolted to the beams 22 and 2. Side bars iii are pivotally se cured at it to the front ends of the beams 2 and 2' and such bars are adjustably connected to the side members is by bolts 85 suitably spaced holes being provided in the side bars for adjustment purposes.

The worm shaft of the boring tool driving unit 25 is rotatably mounted in the side standards 2'. and directly in advance of the countershaft ii and the gear wheel 53 of the worm shaft is shown as meshed with the gear 4! of the hoist. The control levers have been dispen ed with and instead the spindles 35 and 55 "led with hand grips 82 and 82. The is driven directly by a belt 83 from the motor. The mast is shown as fixed to the electri frame and has secured permanently thereto a somewhat elevated bracket which carries the the boon). being connected to the bracket by a b i and socket joint indicated generally by the reference number 85. a

The mast rotatably supports a cross shaft 86 carrying a pair of drurnslll and 82 and the cables and 53 pass rearwardly from tl'ie drums of the hoist, under the pulleys 8'! and 8? and then upwardly to the pulleys of the boom in the same manner as before. When working, the modified type of machine is operated the same as before explained.

In Fig. 14 I have shown a pile weight or hammer 88 fittedat its upper end with an eye 88' and this can be used with the hoist to drive piles in the lower end 'of the bored hole when it is found desirable so to do. The weight will be attached to one of the cables by catching the snap hook in the'eye 88.

While I have described the invention in detail it will be readily understood that various changes can readily be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the accompanying claims.

What I claim as my invention is:-

1. In a device for manipulating an earth boring tool, a support having an open ended slot therein, a flexible tool driving line passing from the tool upwardly through the slot, a line driving wheel slidably receiving the line and rotatably carried by the support, said wheel being demountable from the support to permit of the freeing of the line from the support by a lateral movement through the slot and a source of power for driving the mounted Wheel.

2. In a device for manipulating an earth boring tool, a support having an open ended slot therein, a flexible tool driving line passing upwardly from the tool and through the slot, line driving wheel slidably receiving the line and ro-- tatably carried by the support, said wheel being demountable from the support to permit of the freeing of the line from the support by a lateral movement through the slot, a hoist provided with a lifting cable for connecting to the freed line and a source of power for selectively driving either the wheel or the hoist.

3. In a device for manipulating an earth boring tool, a support having an open ended slot therein, a flexible tool driving line passing upwardly from the tool and through the slot, a line driving wheel slidably receiving the line and rotatably carried by the support, said wheel being demountable from the support to permit of the freeing of the line from the support by a lateral movement of the line through the slot, a hoist provided with winding on and winding off cables alternately connectable to the freed line, a prime mover, a reversible driving connection between the prime mover and the hoist and a direct driving connection between the prime mover and the wheel.

4. In a device for actuating an earth boring tool, a support having an open ended slot therein, a jointed, flexible, tool driving line extending from the tool upwardly through the slot, a worm wheel slidably receiving the line and rotatably carried by the support, said wheel being demountable from the support to permit of the freeing of the line from the support by a lateral movement of the line through the slot, a worm carried by the support and engageable with the mounted worm wheel, a prime mover and a driving connection between the prime mover and the worm.

5. In a device for manipulating an earth boring tool, a support having an open ended slot therein, a jointed, flexible, tool driving line extending upwardly from the tool and through the slot, a worm wheel slidably receiving the line and rotatably carried by the support, said wheel being demountable from the support to permit of the freeing of the line from the support by a lateral movement of the line through the slot, a worm carried by the support and engageable with the mounted worm wheel, a hoist provided with winding on and winding oif cables for alternate connection to the freed line, a prime mover, a reversible driving connection between the prime mover and the hoist and a direct driving connection between the prime mover and the worm.

6. In a device for manipulating an earth boring tool, a portable main frame having a slotted forward end, a flexible, jointed, tool driving lirie extending from the tool upwardly through the slot, a line driving, worm wheel slidably receiving the line and rotatably carried by the forward end of the frame, said worm wheel being demountable from the frame to permit of the freeing of the line from the frame, by a lateral movement of the line through the slot, a worm carried by the frame and engageable with the mounted wheel, a hoist mounted on the frame and providing a winding cable for connectionwith the freed line, a prime mover mounted on the frame, a reversible clutch controlled driving connection between the prime mover and the hoist and a non-reversible, clutch controlled driving connection between the prime mover and the worm,

7. In a device for manipulating an earth boring tool, a portable main frame, a tiltably mounted plate carried by the forward end of the frame, said plate being provided with an open ended slot, a flexible, jointed line connected to the tool and passing upwardly through the slot, a line drivin worm wheel rotatably carried by the plate and slidably receiving the line, said wheel being demountable from the plate to permit of the freeing of the line from the plate by a lateral movement of the line through the slot, a worm rotatably carried by the plate and engageable with the mounted worm wheel, a hoist mounted on the frame and providing a winding cable for connection with the freed line, a prime mover mounted on the frame, a clutch controlled reversible driving connection between the prime mover and the hoist and a clutch controlled driving connection between the prime mover and the worm.

8. In a device for manipulating an earth boring tool, a portable main frame, a tiltably m'zounted plate carried by the forward end of the frame, said plate being provided with an open ended slot, a flexible, jointed line connected to the tool and passing upwardly through the slot, a line driving worm wheel rotatably carried by the plate and slidably receiving the line, said wheel being demountable from the plate to permit of the freeing of the line from the plate by a lateral movement of the line through the slot, a worm rotatably carried by the plate and engageable with the mounted worm wheel, a hoist mounted on the frame and providing winding on and winding off cables for alternate connection to the freed line, a prime mover mountedon the frame, a clutch controlled direct driving connection between the prime mover and the worm and a reversible drive for the hoist, actuated by the prime mover and under the control of the clutch.

9. In an excavator, a main frame, a tiltable plate adjustably secured to the front end of the frame, and having an open ended slot therein, an earth boring tool, a jointed, flexible, driving line connected to the tool and passing upwardly through the slot, a wheel for driving the line, said wheel slidably receiving the line an" being demountably centered, in working position, on the plate to permit, upon the dismounting of the wheel, of the removal of the line from the plate, through the slot, a releasable member normally engaging the wheel to prevent the lifting of the same, from working position, and means for driving the wheel in working position.

10. In an excavator, a main frame, a tiltable plate adjustably secured to the front end of the frame, and having an open ended slot therein, an earth boring tool, a jointed, flexible, driving line connected to the tool and passing upwardly through the slot, a Worm wheel for driving the line, said wheel slidably receiving the line and being normally supported by and removeably centered for rotary movement, on the plate, a releasable, shiftable member normally overlying the wheel and clear of the line, and normally preventing lifting of the wheel from the plate, and a worm mounted on the plate and normally engaging with the worm wheel.

GEORGE E. BALDRY.

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