US2096194A - Heating structure - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 19, 1937.

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2 Sheets-Sheet l D. w. MYERS 2,096,194

Oct. 19, 1937.

Filed July 14, 1936 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patent Oc 37 FATE NT: QFFEQE V HEATING STRUCTURE V 7 Daniel W. Myers, Hicksville Ohio Application July 14, 1936, Serial No. 90,576 7 Claims.. (Cl'.126' 109l This invention relates to the class of heating structures and pertains particularly to an air heater although the structure may be employed with slight modification for heating liquids.

5.: Y The primary object of the present invention is by the;maximum' of the-heating units will be extracted from thegases by the air, before the gases are discharged to the atmosphere.

Another object of the invention is to provide in anair heating furnace or'stove structure a novel annular casinginto which the products of combustion pass in flowing to the chimney outlet of the structure; which casing is so designed that theair to be heated will impinge upon one wall in a manner to directit therefrom against another heated wall whereby -a bafiled passageway is formed for the air which will result in the fluid taking up more heat than would be the case if its path through the furnace structure were unobstructed. 7

A stillfurtherobject of the invention is to provide in a furnace or stove structure, a novel means of concentrating the heat produced from the combustion of fuel, aroundtubular passageways through which the air is passed to be heated.

The invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying draw,- ings forming part of this specification, with the understanding, however, that the invention is not confinedjto any strict conformity with the show- ,ing of thedrawings but may be changed or modified soflong as such changes or modifications 'markno material departure from the salient features of 'th'e' invention .as expressed in the apgpended claimsrgj' 'j "I t awin V I igurel isj'a verticalsection'al view through hestructur bodying the present invention; igu're'2 is view of the structure j Qp an a thehead removed;

' Figure'3 is a'sectionalfview taken onthe line Figure 4 is a detailed sectionalview through the upper end of a pipe and top wall of the drum showing the couplingmeans employed between we '1' Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the'-numer al I designates the outer housing 1 or casing for'the furnace, which casing may be of 'sheetmetal or cast in the cylindrical form in which it is shown. "Theibo-ttom of the casing! is open and rests upon-any suitable flat supporting' surface such as acementffloor orjbase, not shown. The top of the casing l is closed by the head 2 which is in theform of a dome and which is provided with one ormore heatedair outlets 3. At a suitable point below the top edge the casing is provided with a fiue'pipe 4 through which the products of combustion are carried 01?, and adjacent the bottom the casing has, an inlet 5 for air and an opening 6 through which a fuel conducting pipe may pass. 7 i 1 Within the casing l in a plane above the open ings 5 and 6, is a horizontal partition 7 which has a central opening 8 formed therethrough and disposedvertically in and passing through the opening 8 is a cylinder 9 which; forms a combustion chamber and which rests-at its lower end upon the same surface as the casing i. In this chamber' may be placed any suitable type of fuel burner, such as a gas or oil burner, which is illustrated conventionally in broken lines andindicated by the numeral l0. 7

Disposed centrally in the casing i above the partition 1 is a drum which is indicated generally by the numeral i l and which is of slightly smaller diameter at its top than at its bottom so that the wall thereof tapers inwardly from the bottom edge to the top and the top is closed by the head or sheet l2. Closing the lower part of the drum H is a bottom wall or sheet i3 which is disposed in a plane slightly above the plane of the bottom edge of the drum, and this wall I3 is centrally apertured to receive the upper end of the combustion chamber forming cylinder 9 in the manner illustrated. The joint between the top edge of the cylinder 9 and the opening in the wall I3 is made tight so that no air can enter the drum from inside the housing or casing l.

Extending from the bottom. wall !3 of the drum'to the top wall or sheet I2 is afseries of tubes or pipes I4 which are disposed in upwardly convergent relation and which open attheir upper and lower ends respectively through the walls I2 and [3. These tubes are of smaller diameter at their lower ends than'at their top vends, the diameter gradually increasing at a constant rate from one end to the other, and this construction serves to effect smoother flow of [air through the structure as it allows the air to' expand as it. becomes heated without choking the pipes;

ends and the walls to which the ends are joined. As illustrated, the bottom wall I3 is provided with an annular channel I5 which encircles each of the openings through which the lower end of a tube I4 opens and the top overlying the opening has its bottom edge resting in this annular channel and a tight joint is made by filling the channel around the inside and outside surfaces of the tube with a suitable sealing material which may bein the iorrn of sand, ashes or a" cement At their top ends the tubes I4 are each pro- .vided with an outwardly and downwardly turned collar I6 and the top surface of the sheet I2 has an annular channel through which the upper end of the tube passes and this channel, being upwardly directed, has

the free bottom edge of the collarIB of the adjacent tube disposed therein and is filled at the inner'and outer sides of the collar by a seal ing material IB'such as has been previously re-' ferred 'to.

1 Encircling the drum II is a cylindrical shield I9 which is open at its top and bottom and which is of an exterior diameter at its bottom. equal to the interior diameter'of the casing I with which it is in contact. This shield tapers upwardly at the same or substantially the same inclination as V the side wall of the drum .II so that the wallof the drum and the shield are substantially pararallel, and the top end of the shield projects a substantial distance above the top plane of the drum while the lower edge of the shield isin a plane which passes through the lower central portion of the drum in the manner illustrated.

Formed integral with the shield I9 is an annular heat casing, which is indicated generally by the numeral 20, and which has the upwardly and inwardly inclined inner wall 2I which merges at its lower edge with the wall of the shield and which joins at its top edge with a horizontal wall 22 which connects with the shield I9 so as to form with the shield and the inclined wall 2| the heat casing of substantially triangular cross section. As illustrated, the wall 7 2I of the heat casing is sharply inclinedso th t this sharply inclined heat casing wall and be the hot air flowing upwardly through the area between the drum 'II and the casing I will strike deflected inwardly against the wall of the drum.

Extending upwardly and inwardly from the top wall 22 of the annular casing 20 are flue tubes 23 which open into the casing 20 at their lower ends and which are sharply angled at their upper ends to open through apertures in the heat drum II adjacent the ,top thereof. These tubes 23 constitute down draft tubes or passageways through whichthe hot gases will pass from the drum II into the casing 20 'and after entering this casing they will flow therefrom through the vertically extending chimney pipe 24 which opens at its lower'end through the top wall 22 of the heat casing and then pass laterally through the cylindrical shield at the proper elevation to enter the flue connectio'n' l.

From'the foregoing description it will bereadily apparent that air-entering the lower, part of the heater will follow two paths before it passes out through the openings 3 at the top'of the casing. Part of the air 1 will be caught in the lower part of the drum II beneath the wall I3 and will flow upwardly through the tubes I4 andpart will flow upwardly on the outside of the drum, striking the wall -2I of the annular heat casing as previously described to the deflected cylindrical shield IS in the manner illustrated, the air .will be crowded inwardly around the tubes 23 and the upper part of the drum II so that the maximum of heating units will be, extracted from the heated tubes and drumbefore the air reaches the top of the casing topass out through the openings 3 and into the distributing pipes, not shown, which are normally provided I for conducting the air to points of distribution. II around the opening- While the drawings illustrate a heater of circular construction and having the shield, heating' drum and tubes all circular, itis to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to .a heater of this specific formation as it is obvious 'that the'tubes and drum and other parts may be made. of rectangular cross desirable or necessary. 7

I claim: p 5"" 7 a 1. A heating structure of the character-de scribed "comprising. a' vertical? casing-having a section if found closed top and provided with air outlets;- means.

forming a fuel combustion chamber in the lower part of the casing, a drum within theca'singghav i ing top, "bottom and side wallsbsaid bottoniwall being connected with; the 'combustion chamb'er and having an opening leading into the chamber, a plurality of tubes connecting and opening through the top and bottom walls of medium and passing through the latter, a casing within the first mentioned casing, a pipe coupling the second mentioned casing with the products 01' combustion outlet passing through the first mentioned casing wall, said secondmentioned casing being disposed in' a' plane between the top and bottom walls of the and-a plurality o1 pipes opening into and extending downwardly from the top part of said drumand opening into the second mentioned casing, said pipes forming.

down draft passages from the interior-of the drum to said second mentioned casingsaid second mentioned casing being in spacedencircling relation with the drum and having an inner upwardly and inwardlyinclined wall arranged to deflect upwardly flowing air against the adjacent V drum wall.

2. A heating structure of the character described comprising a casing having a closed top provided with outlet openings, a vertically disposed cylinder in the lower part 01' the casing forming a fuel combustion chamber, a drum disposed above .the cylinder and havingtop, bottom and side walls, saidbottom Well being connected with the top ofthe cylinder andlhaving the'latter opening therethrough, said side wall being upwardly and inwardly inclined. a plurality of tubes extendingthrough thefjdijum andconn necting andfopening through the :top and bottom wallslthereof, a'casing' within the firstfc'asing and surrounding said drum,- said second casing being contact throughout itscircumference with I inner side ofthe first casing, means opening in spaced relation with the drum and disposed' in from the second mentionedcasing for carrying off products of combustion therefrom, said'seo 0nd mentioned casing being disposed in a plane passing transversely through and; substantially midway between the top and bottom oi the drum, a plurality of pipes opening through the side wall ,of the drum adjacent the top thereof and extending downwardly to and opening into the second mentioned casing, said second mentioned casing having an inner wall arranged in upwardly and inwardly inclined position relative to the drum and in close proximity thereto to deflect upwardly flowing air against the adjacent wall of the drum.

3. A heating structure of the character described comprising a casing having a closed top provided with outlet openings, a vertically disposed cylinder in the lower part of the casing forming a fuel combustion chamber, a drum disposed above the cylinder and having top, bottom and side walls, said bottom wall being connected with the top of the cylinder and having the lat-= ter opening therethrough, said drum side wall being upwardly and inw'ardly inclined, a plurality of tubes extending through the drum and connecting and opening through the top and bottom walls thereof, a casing within the first casing and surrounding said drum, said second casing being in spaced relation with the drum and disposed adjacent the, inner side of the first casing, means opening from the second mentioned casing for carrying off products of combustion therefrom, said second mentioned casing being disposed substantially midway. between the top and bottom of the drum, a plurality of pipes opening through the side wall of the drum adjacent the 'top thereof and extending downwardly to and opening into the second mentioned casing, said second mentioned casing having an inner wall arranged in upwardly and inwardly inclined position and adapted to deflect upwardly flowing air against the wall of the drum, and a shield encircling the upper portion of said drum and extending from the outer side of the second mentioned casing and further being of less diameter at its top than at its bottom where by to converge upwardly flowing air passing therethrough inwardly toward the drum.

4. A furnace structure comprising a casing having a centrally apertured wall therein and disposed above the bottom thereof, said casing having an air inlet beneath said wall, a vertical hollow upwardly opening structure extending from the bottom of the casing upwardly through said apertured bottom wall and spaced from the edge of the aperture, outlet openings in the upper part of the casing, a vertically 'disposed'drum having top, bottom and side walls andhaving its bottom wall connected with the top of said hollow structure, the latter structure opening into the drum and constituting a combustion chamber, tubes extending vertically through'the drum and opening through the top and bottom walls thereof, means forming an annular chamber around and in spaced relation with the drum in aplane between the top and bottom walls thereof, the outer side of the annular chamber being in contact with the casing, said annular chamber having an under wall inclined from the casing toward the drum, a passageway connecting the interior of the annular chamber with the outside atmosphere through the casing, and tubes coupling the upper part of said drum with said annular chamber and extending downwardly and outwardly from the drum.

5. A heating structure of the character described, comprising a vertical casing having a closed top and provided with air outlets, means forming a fuel combustion chamber in the lower part of the casing, a drum within the casing having top, bottom and side walls, said bottom wall being connected with the combustion chamber and having an opening leading into the 'chamber, a plurality of tubes connecting and opening through the top and bottom walls of the drum and passing through the drum, a casing within the first mentioned casing in spaced surrounding relation with the drum and lying in a plane between the top and bottom walls of the drum, a pipe coupling the second mentioned casing with a products of combustion outletpassing through the first mentioned casing wall, said second mentioned casing being so constructed and arranged as to deflect upwardly moving air in the first casing against the side of the drum as the air passes'between the air casing and drumyand a plurality of pipes opening into and extending upwardly from the top part of the drum and opening into the second mentioned casing, said pipes forming down-draft passages from the interior of the drum to said second mentioned casing.

DANIEL W. MYERS.

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