US2091876A - Fluid pressure generating means - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 31, 1937. s. w. OLDHAM 2,091,876

FLUID PRESSURE GENERATING MEANS Filed May 14, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l lilllll 1 76 INVENTOR e ATTORNEYS s. w. OLDHAM 2,091,876

FLUID PRESSURE GENERATING MEANS Filed May 14, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 -O. 6 R 9 7 H. W@ w r 3 [2F 5 %J {M m m 9 9 r 2 2 M m 8 MN 6 2 W /.Y 1 U A n 8 .h H WM "H 1 i. W 7 f 0 i 7 a F Q m 4 0 a L 0 a 14 w M t 4/ 6 a 3 7 7 7 m H L w n 1 (MM 9 q & WW 2 4 i w w Aug, 31, 1937.

Patented Aug. 31, 1937 UNITED ST S PATENT OFFICE 1 Claim.

This invention relates to a hydraulic pulling apparatus designed primarily for pulling wheels and gears from off their axles, shafts or spindles to which they are fixed, but itis to be understood that an apparatus, in accordance'with this invention, is for use in any connection for which it may be found applicable, and the invention has for its object to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, an apparatus of the class referred to including a pressure operated ram and a pressure generating mechanismv coacting with the ram comprising a cylinder and a large and a small plunger arranged in concentric relation in such cylinder. The larger plunger is capable of being locked'to the cylinder and the smaller plunger is employed, independent of the larger one, for producing very high pressures, and when 4 these latter are not necessary, the plungers may 3 be locked together and operated as one plunger or unit to greatly increase the speed of the ram. A further object of the invention is to provide,

in a manner as hereinafter set forth, an appa-- adjustable work couplers, a controllable pressure I generating mechanism for building up pressures to provide for the operation of the ram struc-' ture, and an'abutment element disposed in the" path of the pulling element and anchored to the:

ram structure.

Further objects of the invention are to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a hydraulic pulling apparatus which is comparatively simple in its construction, strong, durable, compact, thoroughly efficient in its use, conveniently operated,,readily installed with respect to the work to be operated upon, and comparatively inexpen- "siveto set up With the foregoing and other objects which may hereinafter appear, the invention consists of suchparts and such combination of parts as will be more specifically described and are as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein is shown an embodiment of the invention, but it: is to; be understood that changes, variations and modifications may be resorted to which fall with- ,,in the scope of the invention as claimed.

Ingi'the drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the apparatus showing the adaptation thereof with respect to theawork operated upon; The work is shown in dotted lines.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the apparatus, Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3, Figure 1, Figure 4 is a section on line l4, Figure 1, Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view of the apparatus, broken away.

Figure 6 is a section on line 8-6, Figure 5, and Figure 7 is a section on line 1-1; Figure 6. The apparatus includes a casting 8 formed of a base 9 having a low portion in and a high portion I i substantially of rectangular contour having its inner end spaced from oneside edge, its outer end flush with the' other side edge and its sides spaced from the front and rear edges of the low portion 10. The high portion i I has its inner end arranged substantially at the transverse median of the low part Ill. The casting 8 also includes an upstanding annular web l2 having its top part l3 of frusto-conoidal contour. The bottom of web I! is integral with the upper faces of the portions l0, ll of base 9. The diameter of the lower part of web l2 will be as desired. The casting 8 also includes a vertically disposed cylinder ll of greater height than and which is encompassed by and disposed in spaced relation to the web l2 with the exception of the upper end of the latter. The web l2 at its upper end merges into the peripheryof the cylinder It intermediate the ends of the latter. The cylinder I4 is integral at its lower end with the upper face of portion ill and at the lower end of one side with the inner end of portion I I.

The web l2 in connection with the cylinder It provides an oil reservoir IS. The body. of the cylinder II is formed with a relief channel It which extends from a point in proximity to the upper end of the cylinder I 4 and opens into the reservoir at the top of the latter.

The inner wall of the cylinder H at its upper end is threaded as at H and threadedly engaging with such threads is the reduced lower end ll of a head IS. The latter is formed with a peripheral annular shoulder an axially arranged opening 2|, a pocket 22, a packing 23 in pocket 22 and a packing gland 24. The headl! providesa closure for the upper end of cylinder It. The shoulder 20 seats on the top edge of cylinder H. The latter is formed at its upperend with peripheral threads 25 for a purpose to be referred to.

Operating in cylinder I4 and extending through opening 2t and gland 24, as well as the packing 22 is a ram 26 having a reduced peripherally threaded lower end portion 21 which provides the ram 26 with a peripheral shoulder 28. Engaging with the reduced lower end portion 21 of the ram 26 is a securing nut 29 contacting a washer 36. Positioned upon the washer 36 and encompassing the reduced lower end 21 is a supporting head 3| carrying an inverted cup-shaped leather packing member 32 for travelling against the inner face of the cylinder l 4. Mounted on the reduced lower end 21 and interposed between the packing mem-.

with spaced parallel channels 35, 36 and 31 providing respectively an intake valve chambena supply valve chamber and a relief valve chamber. The channels 35, 36 and 31 extend from the outer end 36 of the high portion substantially to the inner end of said high portion The high por-' tion H is formed with an upstanding port 39 for establishing communication between the reservoir l5 and the intake valve chamber formed by the channel 35. Arranged within the latter intermediate its ends is a ported valve seat forming member 46 for the intake valve 4|. The outer end of the channel is closed by a removable threaded plug 42 which constitutes an abutment. interposed between the latter and the intake con- 35 trolling valve 4| is a controlling spring 43 for such valve. The body of cylinder I4 at its lower end is provided with a supply port 44 which opens into the inner end of the channel 36 which forms the supply valve chamber. Arranged within the chamber 36 intermediate the ends of the latter is a ported valve seat forming member 45 for a supply controlling valve 46. The outer end of the channel 36 is closed by a removable threaded plug 41 which is spaced from the member 45. The sup- 45 P13 Or intake port 44 is of less diameter than that of the channel 36 thereby providing a shoulder 48. Interposedbetween the shoulder 46 and the supply controlling valve 46 is a controlling spring 49. The valve seat forming members 46 and 45 50 are oppositely disposed with respect to each other, as with reference to member 46 the valve seat provided by such member opposes the plug 42 whereas the valve seat provided by the member 45 opposes the shoulder 46 at the inner end of the valve chamber provided by the channel 36.

Communication is establishedbetween the channels 35 and 36 by a port 56 which is arranged 1 in the high portion outwardly with respect to the valve seat forming members. The high portion II is formed with a valve seat 5| at the inner end of the 'channel 31 and normally held against said seat is a relief controlling valve 52. The cylinder l4 and high portion II is provided with a relief'port 53 which opens at one end into the cylinder l4 and at its other end into the channel 31. The valve 52 normally closes the outer end of the port 53. The valve 62 is normally held in closed position by an adjustable peripherally threaded retaining stem 54 provided 7 at its inner end with a head 55 which abuts valve 52. Threadedly engaging with the outer end portion of the channel 31 is a peripherally threaded closure plug 56 through which extends theretaining stem '54. The latter has threaded en 75 gagernent with the plug 56 and extends outwardly therefrom. The stem 54 at its outer end carries a handle means 51 to facilitate the operation thereof. The plug 56 is cut out to receive a packing 66 and a packing gland 59. The high portion II is formed with a vertically disposed opening 66 having a threaded wall. The opening 66 communicates with the outer portion of the channel 36 at a point spaced outwardly from the port 66. The valves 4|, 46 and 52, in connection with the parts associating therewith, provide a combined intake, supply and relief controlling valve mechanism for the ram structure.

There is associated with the said valve mechanism a pressure generating mechanism indicated generally at 6| and consisting of an upstanding tubular body 62 formed of an upper portion 63 and a lower portion 64. The upper portion is of greater diameter than the lower portion 64 and provides a cylinder carrying a pair of plungers to be presently referred to. The lower portion 64 constitutes an outlet for the cylinder forming portion 63. The lower portion 64 is peripherally threaded and engages with the threaded wall of the opening 66. i The upper portion 63, at one side thereof has formed integral with its outer periphery averticall'y disposed element in the form of an L-shaped lower bracket 65. The latter consists of a horizontal leg and a vertical leg with. the latter extending upwardly from the outer end of the horizontal leg. Threadedly engaging with the outer periphery of the 'upper end of the portion 63 is a flange collar 65 and interposed between the latter and the top edge of the portion 63 is a packing ring 6.": which is flush with the inner face of the said portion 63. Arranged within and extending upwardly from the portion 63 is a tubular plunger 61 and a solid plunger 66. The latter is of greater length and arranged within the plunger 61. Plunger 61 snugly engages the inner face of the portion 63 of member 62. Plunger 68 may be operated independently of plunger 61 and when operated independently of the plunger 61, the latter constitutes a cylinder for plunger 66. The upper part of plunger 61 has connected thereto a flange collar 69 and interposed between the latter and the upper end of plunger 61 is a packing ring 16. Formed integral with the plunger 61 above the portion 63 of member 62 is a laterally disposed lower T-shaped bracket formed of a horizontal arm 1| and a vertical arm 12. The arm 1| is integral at its inner end with the plunger 61. The outer end of arm 1| merges into the arm 12 intermediate the ends of the latter. The upper end of arm 12 is bifurcated as at 13. The lower end of arm 12 is bifurcated as at 14. The arm 1| merges into the arm 12 in proximity to the bifurcated lower end 14. The arm 12 is detachably connected to the upper end of the vertical leg of the angle-shaped arm 65 as at 15. The top l3 of the web l2 has an upstanding lug 16 having connected therewith as at 11, a vertical member 16 which is connected, as at 16, to the inner end'of an operating lever I 66 which extends outwardly with respect to the body 62.

Pivotally connected as at 6| to the lever 66 is the upper end of the plunger 66. The bifurcated upper end 13 of the arm 12 is adapted to be detachably connected with the plunger 66 and the lever 66 and for such purpose the plunger 66 is formed with a laterallyextending arm 62 which is pivotally connected, as at 62 to the end 13 of arm 12. The connection", when the connection 15 is released, provides for the plungers 61 and 66 to operate as a unit. When the connection 82 is disconnected from the arm 82 and the connection 15 couples arms 12 and 55 together, the plunger 68 operates independently of the plunger 81. The arms H, 12 and connection 82 provide for locking plungers 61 and 88 together. The arms H, 12 and connection 15 provide for locking the plunger 61 to the-cylinder provided by the portion 63 of member 62. The pressure generating mechanism 6| when 10 operated in connection'with the intake supply valve will function to build up a hydraulic pres sure upon the ram 28 within the cylinder I4 as on the operation of such generating mechanism 6|, the oil will be withdrawn from the reservoir I5 and forced into the ram chamber provided by the cylinder I4 below the head 3| whereby it will act on ram 26 to force it upwardly. Any of the oil which is carried to the top of the ram chamber will be conducted therefrom by channel I8 into the reservoir I5. The smaller plunger, when operated independently of the larger one, is for producing very high pressures in the ram chamber and when such pressures are not necessary, the two plungers are locked together and operated as one large plunger or unit to greatly increase the speed of the ram.

The apparatus includes a pulling element generally indicated at 83 and consisting of an annulus 84 provided with a pair of oppositely extending radially disposed arms 85. Each arm 85 has its .top formed with a lengthwise extending groove 86 of the desired width and which is closed at its inner end and open at its outer end. Each arm 85 is formed with two sets of spaced openings. The openings of one set are indicated at 81 and those of the other set at 88. The openings of set'81 alignwith the openings of theset 88. The element 88 includes a pair of oppositely disposed couplers 88 of like form which are employed for coupling the work to the element 88.

Each coupler may be of any length desired and comprises a shank 88' formed at its-upper end with an inwardly extending hook 8I having its lower end in the form of an eye 82. The coupiers are connected to the arms 85 by pins 88 extending through aligned openings 81, 88 and the eyes 82. The sets of openings 81 and 88 provide for adjustably positioning the couplers 88 to the arms 85. The annulus 84 is adapted to be positioned in encompassing relation with respect to the upper portion of the cylinder I4 and is shiftable lengthwise with respect to the latter.

The apparatus includes an abutment element which is arranged on the cylinder I4 in the path of a pulling element 88. The abutment element is generally indicated at 84 and comprises a split collar 85 having its inner face formed of two different diameters. That portion of smallest inner diameter of collar 85 is of greater length than the portion of largest inner diameter and is threaded as at 88 for enthe cylinder I4.

The high portion ll of the base 8 is formed with a vertical port I88 which leads from the chamber provided by the channel 81 to the reservoir I5.

The work operated upon is indicated at IM and shown in dotted lines in Figure 1.

When the pressure generating apparatus is operated to shift the ram 26 outwardly with respect to the ram chamber, the valve 52 is held in position to close the port 53. When it is desired to relieve the built up pressure on the ram 28, the stem 54 is adjusted outwardly whereby valve 52 will not be retained on its seat and the oil within the cylinder I4 below the ram will be forced, as the ram moves downwardly through the port 53 into the channel 81 and from channel 81 outwardly therefrom to port I88 to the reservoir I5.

What I claim is:'

In a hydraulic pulling apparatus a pressure generating mechanism comprising a tubular member having its inner part of reduced inner diameter, the other part of said member constituting a cylinder, the said inner part constituting an outlet for said cylinder, a reciprocatory pressure generating tubular outer plunger operating in and extended from said cylinder, a reciprocatory pressure generating solid inner plunger positioned within, extended from and capable of being operated independently of the outer plunger, oscillatory means for operating said inner plunger, a lower laterally disposed element extended from said cylinder, a laterally disposed T-shaped bracket carried by the extended portion of the outer plunger and arranged above said element, means for detachably connecting said element and bracket together to prevent the operation of the outer plunger, a laterally disposed arm carried by the extended portion of the inner plunger, means for detachably connecting said arm and bracket together, when the latter is free of said element whereby said plungers will be operated in unison when the inner plunger is operated, and said inner plunger being operated independently of the outer plunger when said arm is free of said bracket.

SAMUEL W. OLDHAM.

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