US2078153A - Building wall - Google Patents

Description

L. S. MUNSON BUILDING WALL April 20, 1937.

Filed July 19, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet l awe/rm flail/Le? 5. Afar/716070,

L. S. MUNSON BUILDING WALL April 20, 1937.

Filed July 19, 1935 2 SheetsSheet 2 Patented Apr. 20, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 6 Claims.

This invention consists of a building wall and is an improvement on my issued Patents Nos. 1,487,021, granted March 18, 1924; Re. 17,291, granted May 7, 1929; 1,822,820, granted Septemher 8, 1931; and 2,001,469, granted May 14, 1935.

A desideratum of the present invention is to provide a back up tile for face brick or the like, the tiles being so arranged to eliminate the seepage of moisture therethrough, yet providing a relatively inexpensive Wall which may be erected with facility and with a minimum loss of materials.

The invention further contemplates tile units which may be interfitted to provide a composite 5 double wall capable of withstanding unusual stresses and completely insulated throughout, the wall being high in tensile strength and immune to ordinary compressive forces.

The tiles of the present invention are also con structed to adapt them for use in zones traversed by forces resulting from natural disturbances, such as cyclones, tornadoes, earthquakes, and the like, the tiles embodying suitable channels for the reception of reinforcing elements, each channel forming a habitat for a plastic mass of sufficient volume and density to develop the tensile strength of the elements in accordance with standard building specifications for these zones; the channels are so formed that the strength of the tile is in nowise weakened and serve the added function of handholds which facilitate erection of the wall.

Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the following description of the present preferred forms of the invention, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, where- Fig. 1 is a vertical fragmentary sectional view of a wall embodying tiles constructed in accordance with the present invention, the tiles being used in this form of invention as back up tiles for the face brick.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a double wall composed of tiles constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view similar to Fig. 1 with a slight modification in the interfitting parts of the tile.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary end elevational view of a modified form of tile constructed in accordance with the present invention, showing to advantage the mortar receiving recesses and handhold formed in one wall of the tile. I

. Fig. 5 is asimilar view showing the manner of engaging reinforcing elements used in conjunction with this form of tile and Fig. 6 is a detail fragmentary top plan View of a wall formed from tile, shown in Figs. 4 and 5 and illustrating the manner of mounting the reinforcing ties in a closer brick of the corner of the wall.

In the form of invention illustrated in Fig. 1, the wall is constructed of double tiles, generally designed I, each of said tiles comprising two parallel sections, the terminal of one section being formed to provide a substantially V-shaped depression 8, while the opposite terminal is formed to provide a truncated V-shaped terminal 9. The opposite section of each tile is of oblong configuration, one terminal IO thereof being fiat and uniplanar with the outermost extremities of the recessed end 8 of the first section. The opposite terminal H of said section of the tile is also fiat and falls short of the adjacent terminal 9 of the first section. Consequently, when the tiles 1 are arranged in superposed relation, as shown in the drawings, the terminals of the first described section of adjacent tiles interfit. Mortar l2 or a like plastic composition is engaged with the truncated end 9 of each tile for impingement with the V-shaped recess 8 of the adjacent tile. It will be noted, however, that the joint l3 on the opposite side of the truncated end 9 is mortarless. Since the end ll of the second described section of each tile falls short of the end 9 of the first section, a space is provided between the terminal II and the adjacent terminal ID of a superposed tile adapted for the reception of mortar or a like composition Hi.

If desired, a wall may be built up in this manner by use of the tiles 1 per se, but to illustrate another use of the tiles, I have in Fig. 1 shown them employed as back up tiles for face bricks l5. When the face bricks are used, they are arranged in parallel relation with the tiles 1 and secured to the inner faces of the latter by mortar 16, the latter being also interposed between the bricks I5. At intervals it is preferred to chip off the upper cell ll of one of the tile sections to permit a brick to be extended transversely through the wall, said brick serving as a header 18. The inner end of the header brick rests in the space provided by removing the cell I1 and is cushioned by the mortar [6 which extends into the recess l9, formed in the lower wall of the cell H.

In the form of invention shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, a double tile 1 is employed which is of the same construction as the double tile 1 shown in Fig. 1. In this form of invention, I also use single tiles 2|], the single tiles each being provided with a V-shaped depression 8, at one end, and a truncated 'V-shaped protrusion 9' at the opposite end. In erecting this form of wall a single tile and double tile is arranged in parallel relation with a vertical mortar joint 2| therebetween. The terminal 9' of the double tile interfits the terminal 8 of a single tile and a layer of mortar l2 therebetween, arranged in the same manner as the mortar [2 in the form shown in Fig. l of the drawings. The inner sections 22 of the tiles I are arranged in superposed relation with mortar l4 therebetween.

The form of invention shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings is the same as that illustrated in Fig. 1 with the exception of the interfitting portions of the double tile which are modified to provide additional space for the mortar. In this form of invention a V-shaped depression 8 is provided which is deeper than the recess 8 in the form of tile shown in Fig. 1. The opposite terminal of each of these tiles instead of having a truncated V-shaped terminal is provided with a tapered protruding terminal 23 which issues into an arouate recess 24. The recess 24 is adapted to receive mortar I2 which engages the walls of the V-shaped depression 8 of an adjacent tile, the joint 25 on the opposite sides of the recess 24 being mortarless.

In the form of invention shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, a double tile 26 is provided which is also of cellular construction and is composed of two sections. One section of this form of tile is provided with a recess 21, while the opposite end is provided with a protrusion 28, the latter complementing the design of the recess 21 to cause interfitting of the tiles when they'are arranged in superposed relation as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The other section of the tile 26 is oblong, having one end 29 thereof uniplanar with the extremities of the recessed end 21 of the opposite section.

The terminals 30 of this section fall short of the outer extremities of the terminal 28 of the first described section. Consequently, when the tiles are superposed, a space is provided between the terminals 29 and 30 of adjacent tiles which is adapted for the reception of mortar 3!. At the juncture of the two sections of the tile 26, the upper wall thereof is channelled and undercut into theupper cell of the first described section of the tile to provide a mortar receiving channel 32 with an overhanging ledge 33. The overhanging ledge and channel 32 serves as a handhold to facilitate handling of the tile in the erection of the wall. The channel 32 is not only adapted for the reception of mortar, but also provides a habitat for reinforcing bars or rods 34.

The ends of the bars or rods 34 may be connected in any desired manner, but I prefer to engage the adjacent ends of right angle bars as shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings herein, the ends of the rods being provided with hooks 35 which interengage. To prevent the necessity of chipping away a portion of the tile, I preferably use a closer brick 36, in one wall of which a recess 3! is formed adapted for the reception of the bill of one of the hooks. The recess 37 is of sufiicient size to accommodate mortar in which the hook is embedded. The channel 32 accommodates sufiicient mortar to develop the strength of the reinforcing elements in accordance'with standard building specifications of certain-jurisdictions. Notwithstanding the-size of the channel,

parallel tiles, capillary attraction of moisture is eliminated by eliminating the mortar joint at intervals, in a manner herein shown and described.

It is, of course, to be understood that I may make various changes in the construction of the wall and especially in the manner of arranging the tiles and that the details of construction of the latter may be varied in accordance with the claims herewith appended.

'What isclaimed is:

1. A wall composed of blocks arranged one above the other in tiers, each block of one tier having a terminal part complementally interfitting a portion of a vertically adjacent block, the remaining portion of each block of said tier being spaced from the corresponding portion of said adjacent block by a bonding medium.

2. A tile unit consisting of two integral block sections, one of the sections being of truncated V shape at one end and recessed at the opposite end, one terminal of the other section of the unit being uniplanar with the first section, the opposite terminal of said other section being in a plane ofiset from the adjacent end of the first section.

3. A Wall composed of double and single tiles, the terminals of one section of each double tile and the terminals of the single tile being substantially complemental through a portion of their depth to interfit, the terminals of the other sec-- tion of the double tiles being superposed and spaced to provide a joint, said double and single tiles being alternately arranged one above the other, and a filling material in the joint.

4. A wall composed of single and double construction elements, arranged in superimposed relation with interposed vertical and horizontal mortar joints, certain of said elements being of truncated V shape on one endvand recessed in the opposite end to permit interfitting of adjacent elements, and plastic means arranged between a portion only of the interfitted faces.

5. A wall including double and single tiles, each of which has a truncated V terminal and a recessed terminal of V shape whereby adjacent tiles may be interfitted, said double and single tiles being alternately arranged one above the other, and bonding material engaged with the truncated V terminal.

6. A building wall including superimposed back up tiles, each of which is of cellular construction, and superimposed face brick, the tiles having their terminals substantially complemental through a portion of their depth to interfit, the brick being arranged in parallel relation to the tiles, a cell of one of said tiles being removed at intervals to accommodate one end of a face brick to serve as a header, and a plastic material bonding together said tiles and brick, said material being omitted at intervals between the tiles where the terminals of the tiles interfit.

LUTHER S. MUNSON.

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