US2076303A - Mercerizing assistants - Google Patents
Mercerizing assistants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2076303A US2076303A US708967A US70896734A US2076303A US 2076303 A US2076303 A US 2076303A US 708967 A US708967 A US 708967A US 70896734 A US70896734 A US 70896734A US 2076303 A US2076303 A US 2076303A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- acid
- ether
- mercerizing
- acids
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 42
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 25
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 14
- 229940083608 sodium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 14
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 6
- -1 nitrogen containing organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 4
- NDKBVBUGCNGSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 NDKBVBUGCNGSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- YMAXCKYGIGCLPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-heptoxyacetic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCOCC(O)=O YMAXCKYGIGCLPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- HPSBYYHIHGQARI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octoxyacetic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOCC(O)=O HPSBYYHIHGQARI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- FKPSBYZGRQJIMO-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(triethyl)azanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 FKPSBYZGRQJIMO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KXHPPCXNWTUNSB-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KXHPPCXNWTUNSB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HVRXZHNPGISNLU-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl-diethyl-phenylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C=1C=CC=CC=1[N+](CC)(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 HVRXZHNPGISNLU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KALNWMTTXALKNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl-dimethyl-pentylazanium Chemical compound CCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KALNWMTTXALKNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBDGMRDHUDZBEA-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl-dimethyl-phenylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C=1C=CC=CC=1[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UBDGMRDHUDZBEA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001896 cresols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005517 mercerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZMEFBTCKVCNTBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(pentyl)azanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCCC[N+](C)(C)C ZMEFBTCKVCNTBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/207—Substituted carboxylic acids, e.g. by hydroxy or keto groups; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/217—Polyoxyalkyleneglycol ethers with a terminal carboxyl group; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
- Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
- Y10S516/06—Protein or carboxylic compound containing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
- Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
- Y10S516/07—Organic amine, amide, or n-base containing
Definitions
- This invention comprises improvements in I and relates to-the treatment of cellulose or cellulose-like bodies with compounds possessing a swelling action. It is an object of this invention 5 to improve the rate of swelling of cellulose bodies in the presence of alkaline solutions. It is a further object of this invention to obtain higher shrinkage of cellulosic bodies than that usually obtained. It has long been known that phenols or cresols possess a wetting out actionwhen added to alkaline solutions; In British Patent #364,844, it is shown that mixtures of phenols with nitrogen containing organic bases are particularly efiective in speeding up or increasing the wetting out properties of alkaline solutions.
- ether acids or their salts are particularly efiective and greatly accelerate the wetting rate of mercerizing liquors when present in extremely low concentrations.
- a number of these ether acids have been described by Bruson, U. S. Patents #1,920,137 and #1,920,160.
- the sodium salts of the ether acids are good mercerizing assistants and that the quaternary ammonium V f salts are particularly active and effective in low 40 concentrations. It is evident that the free acid may be added to the mercerizing bath since the I sodium salt would be formedin the bath. Mixtures of the free acid with quaternary ammonium salts may also be added to a 20% sodium hydroxide solution thus forming the quaternary ammonium salt of the ether acid.
- the ether-acids employed in the present invention have the general formula R'OR COOH in which R is an aliphatic,.aromatic,
- arylaliphatic, or hydroaromatic group and R is an aliphatic group or alkylene radical. Generally those acids are best suitedto the purposes of the present invention when the group R contains from two to ten carbon atoms and the group R from one to seven carbon atoms.
- Rate of shrinkage of cotton yarn immersed in 20% sodium hydroxide with varying ether acids for given periods of time denote the shrinkage in per- 35 cent of original length of yarn immersed.
- ether acids which have been prepared and found to be of value in assisting the wetting action are the following: heptoxybutyric, ethoxyacetic, n-octyloxyace'tic, cyclohexoxybutyric, 40 amyloxybutyric, heptoxyacetic, xylenoxyacetic,
- mixtures of the ether acids are particularly eifective. These 45 mixtures may be prepared by condensing mixtures of alcohols, prepared synthetically from carbon monoxide and hydrogen, with chlorinesubstituted fatty acids or with unsaturated acids. Alkoxyacetic acids a boiling range of 147-157 C. or with the alcohols boiling from -195 C. are'particularly effective.
- these ether acids act as wetting agents for alkaline solutions and the rate of shrinkage of a cotton yarn gives a direct measure of the rate of wetting.
- the yarn is treated with alkaline solution under tension so that shrinkage rarely takes place, but the rate of penetration of the alkali into the cotton goods is directly related to the rate of shrinkage, as shown in the above tables.
- the following examples illustrate the application of these acids:
- Example 1 One hundred-fifty pounds of heptoxyacetic acid is dissolved in 15,0001b. of 21% sodium hydroxide solution. It is thoroughly mixed and 38" cotton broadcloth, after a previ-, ous kier boil, is dried and run thru the mercerizing bath, held out .to width under tension and maintained in the mercerizing bath for60 seconds before washing with water and acid. Fabric treated in this way has an unusually high luster and sheen. 1
- Example 2 One hundred pounds of an aqueous solution containing 20% octyloxyacetic acid and 15 lb. of trimethylbenzylammonium chloride are added to 2000 lb. of 20% sodium hydroxide solution: Cotton yarns previously boiled out to remove the waxes are run into this mixture of caustic, ether acid ,and quaternary ammonium salt, kept in this liquor at 15-20 C. for 2-3 minutes, given a tight squeeze, rinsed, run thru acid and dried to give a yarn of .high'luster and full mercerization.
- Example 3 Five thousand pounds of cotton
- the invention is not limited to the specific materials nor concentrations given in the foregoing examples which are for purposes of illustration any case the addition of small amounts of the ether acid to the alkaline solution greatly increases its rate of wetting. -When the alkali metalhydroxides are used as the mercerizing agent their rate of wetting is increased by the addition of either an ether acid or a quaternary base but not nearly to the same extent as when both are added to the alkaline solution.
- losic material with a solution of an alkali metal hydroxide containing a salt of a carboxylic ether acid, said solution being of sufficient strength to exert a mercerizing action and a quaternary ammonium base.
- the process which comprises treating a cellulosic material with a solution containing approximately 20% of sodium hydroxide to which has been added from 0.1 to 1.0% of a carboxylic ether acid and from 0.1 to 1.0% of a quaternary ammonium base.
- g 10 The process which comprises treating a cellulosic material with a solution containing approximately 20% of sodium hydroxideto which 5 has been added from 0.1 to 1.0% of an ether acid having the formula RO--R'COOH in which R is an aromatic, aliphatic, arylaliphatic or hydroaromatic hydrocarbon radical containing from two to ten carbon atoms and R is an ali- '4 0 phatic hydrocarbon radical containing from one to seven carbon atoms, and from 0.1 to 1.0% of a' quaternary ammonium base. '11.
- R is an aromatic, aliphatic, arylaliphatic or hydroaromatic hydrocarbon radical containing from two to ten carbon atoms and R is an ali- '4 0 phatic hydrocarbon radical containing from one to seven carbon atoms, and from 0.1 to 1.0% of a' quaternary ammonium base.
- Theprocess which comprises treating a cellulosic material with a solution containing approximately 20% of sodium hydroxide to which has been added from 0.1 to 1.0% of heptoxyacetic acid and from 0.1 to,-1.0% of a quaternary ammonium base.
- T2 The process which comprises treating a cellulosic material with a solution containing approximately 20% of sodium hydroxide to which has been addedfrom 0.1 to 1.0% of heptoxyacetic acid, and 0.1 to 1.0%.of trimethylbenzyl ammonium hydroxide.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Description
Patented A r. 6, 1937 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE No Drawing. Application January 30, 1934, Serial No. 708,967
16 Claims.
This invention comprises improvements in I and relates to-the treatment of cellulose or cellulose-like bodies with compounds possessing a swelling action. It is an object of this invention 5 to improve the rate of swelling of cellulose bodies in the presence of alkaline solutions. It is a further object of this invention to obtain higher shrinkage of cellulosic bodies than that usually obtained. It has long been known that phenols or cresols possess a wetting out actionwhen added to alkaline solutions; In British Patent #364,844, it is shown that mixtures of phenols with nitrogen containing organic bases are particularly efiective in speeding up or increasing the wetting out properties of alkaline solutions. It is also shown in French Patent #733,170 that the alcohol sulphates prepared by sulphating alcohols having a boiling range of 120-160 C. are particularly effective wetting agents. British Patent #378,223 covers the use of the ethers of a polyhydricalcohol containing at least two free hydroxyl groups as wetting agents for mercerizing liquors. While these products are of interest, we have found'that they may cause a gradual darkening of alkaline solutions or they may be 1 volatile "in steam and hence lostwhen the alkaline solution is evaporated in order to recover the caustic.
We have found that ether acids or their salts are particularly efiective and greatly accelerate the wetting rate of mercerizing liquors when present in extremely low concentrations. A number of these ether acids have been described by Bruson, U. S. Patents #1,920,137 and #1,920,160. We havefound that the sodium salts of the ether acids are good mercerizing assistants and that the quaternary ammonium V f salts are particularly active and effective in low 40 concentrations. It is evident that the free acid may be added to the mercerizing bath since the I sodium salt would be formedin the bath. Mixtures of the free acid with quaternary ammonium salts may also be added to a 20% sodium hydroxide solution thus forming the quaternary ammonium salt of the ether acid.
The ether-acids employed in the present invention 'have the general formula R'OR COOH in which R is an aliphatic,.aromatic,
arylaliphatic, or hydroaromatic group and R is an aliphatic group or alkylene radical. Generally those acids are best suitedto the purposes of the present invention when the group R contains from two to ten carbon atoms and the group R from one to seven carbon atoms.
Groups containing more than these numbers of carbon atoms may also be-used but the results are not-so satisfactory.- These acids are substantially colorless liquids and their salts may be readily crystallized. The boiling points are 5 very high so they are substantially non-volatile in the mercerizingbath. They have the added properties of being stable in the presence of boiling alkali so that they can be used in cases where the sodium hydroxide is recovered after 10 mercerizing, and of not being decomposed during the concentratin process. Even when heated in alkaline solution these ether acids cause little, if any darkening. The effect of these acids is best shown in the following comparative tests 15 in which cotton-yarn was immersed in mercerizing liquor containing 20% sodium hydroxide at a temperature of 20 to 25 0.:
Rate of shrinkage of cotton yarn immersed in 20% sodium hydroxide with varying ether acids for given periods of time The figures given denotethe shrinkage in per- 35 cent of original length of yarn immersed.
' Other ether acids which have been prepared and found to be of value in assisting the wetting action are the following: heptoxybutyric, ethoxyacetic, n-octyloxyace'tic, cyclohexoxybutyric, 40 amyloxybutyric, heptoxyacetic, xylenoxyacetic,
iscamyloxy'acetic, bornyloxyacetic, benzyloxybutyric, phenoxyacetic, and fi-butoxyethoxyacetic acid. We have also found that mixtures of the ether acids are particularly eifective. These 45 mixtures may be prepared by condensing mixtures of alcohols, prepared synthetically from carbon monoxide and hydrogen, with chlorinesubstituted fatty acids or with unsaturated acids. Alkoxyacetic acids a boiling range of 147-157 C. or with the alcohols boiling from -195 C. are'particularly effective.
' While the ether acids cause a marked im- 55 obtained by condensing 'chloracetic acid with aliphatic alcohols having provement in the wetting action of mercerizing liquors, we have found that mixtures of the ether acids with quaternary ammonium bases or their salts are much more effective than either of them alone and in fact the effect of the mixture is greater than the sum of the individual effects. This may be seen from the following table: I Efiect on rate of shrinkage of cotton yarn in 20% 10 sodium hydroxide solution with additions as given- Time in seconds- I Colman shrinkage after im- 15 Compound added tration on used 15 so 45 so 120 Control-no addition 0.0 1 1.5 a 4 1 0 Octyloxyacetic acid 0.1 5 8 '10 11 13 Trimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide 01 2 4 6 7 9 Trimethylbenzylammonium octyloxyacetate 0.2 15 19 21 22 In addition to the trimethylbenzyl ammonium hydroxide shown in the table, the following quaternary ammonium bases or their salts may also be used:
Dimethylbenzylphenyl ammonium hydroxide, trimethylbenzyl ammonium hydroxide, triethylbenzyl ammonium hydroxide, diethylphenylbenzyl ammonium hydroxide, dimethyltolylbenzyl ammonium hydroxide, dimethylamylbenzyl ammonium hydroxid( dimethyldibenzyl. ammonium hydroxide, trimethylamyl ammonium hydroxide, triethanolbenzyl ammonium hydroxide.
As shown in the tables above, these ether acids act as wetting agents for alkaline solutions and the rate of shrinkage of a cotton yarn gives a direct measure of the rate of wetting. However, in actual plant practice the yarn is treated with alkaline solution under tension so that shrinkage rarely takes place, but the rate of penetration of the alkali into the cotton goods is directly related to the rate of shrinkage, as shown in the above tables. The following examples illustrate the application of these acids:
Example 1.-One hundred-fifty pounds of heptoxyacetic acid is dissolved in 15,0001b. of 21% sodium hydroxide solution. It is thoroughly mixed and 38" cotton broadcloth, after a previ-, ous kier boil, is dried and run thru the mercerizing bath, held out .to width under tension and maintained in the mercerizing bath for60 seconds before washing with water and acid. Fabric treated in this way has an unusually high luster and sheen. 1
Example 2.-One hundred pounds of an aqueous solution containing 20% octyloxyacetic acid and 15 lb. of trimethylbenzylammonium chloride are added to 2000 lb. of 20% sodium hydroxide solution: Cotton yarns previously boiled out to remove the waxes are run into this mixture of caustic, ether acid ,and quaternary ammonium salt, kept in this liquor at 15-20 C. for 2-3 minutes, given a tight squeeze, rinsed, run thru acid and dried to give a yarn of .high'luster and full mercerization.
Example 3.-Five thousand pounds of cotton Example 4.Two thousand pounds-of a mixture of cotton linters and purified wood pulp suitable for rayon manufacture, are wet with an 18% solution of sodium hydroxide containing 1/10 of 1% hexyloxybutyric acid. The cellulose fibers wet out very rapidly in this mixture and there is a rapid swelling.
We have found that these ether acids are particularly effective wetting assistants and can be used generally wherever cellulose bodies are treated with alkaline solutions.
The invention is not limited to the specific materials nor concentrations given in the foregoing examples which are for purposes of illustration any case the addition of small amounts of the ether acid to the alkaline solution greatly increases its rate of wetting. -When the alkali metalhydroxides are used as the mercerizing agent their rate of wetting is increased by the addition of either an ether acid or a quaternary base but not nearly to the same extent as when both are added to the alkaline solution.
In the appended claims, whereit is stated that a quaternary ammonium base is added to the solution, it is understood that a soluble salt of the base may be used in an equivalent amount, because as soon as the salt comes in contact with the strong caustic solution the quaternary ammonium base is set free.
We claim:
1. The process which comprises treating cellulosic materialwith a solution of an alkali metal hydroxide containing a salt of a carboxylic ether acid, said solution being of sufficient strength to exert a mercerizing action.
2; The process which comprises treating ce1lu-.
losic material with a solution of an alkali metal hydroxide containing a salt of a carboxylic ether acid, said solution being of sufficient strength to exert a mercerizing action and a quaternary ammonium base.
3. The process which comprises treating cellu- -losic material with a solution of an alkali metal hydroxide containing a salt of an, ether acid of the formula ROR'COOH, in which R is a hydrocarbon radical containing from two to ten carbon atoms, and R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing from one toseven carbon matic hydrocarbon radical containing from two losic material with a solution of an alkali metal hydroxide containing a quaternary ammonium base and a salt of an ether acid of the formula R-OR'COOH, in which R is a hydrocarbon radical containing from two to ten carbon atoms, and R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing from one to seven carbon atoms, said solution being of suflicient strength to exert a mercerizing action. I
8. The process which comprises treating celhas been added from 0.1 to 1.0% of a carboxylic l ether acid.
- 8. The process which comprises treating cellulosic material with a solution containing ap-' 'pr0ximately of sodium hydroxide, to which has been added from 0.1 to 1.0% of an ether acid having the formula R-OR'-COOH, in which R is an aromatic, aliphatic, arylaliphatic or hy droaromatic hydrocarbon radical containing from two to ten carbon atoms, and R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing from one to seven carbon atoms.
9. The process which comprises treating a cellulosic material with a solution containing approximately 20% of sodium hydroxide to which has been added from 0.1 to 1.0% of a carboxylic ether acid and from 0.1 to 1.0% of a quaternary ammonium base.
g 10. The process which comprises treating a cellulosic material with a solution containing approximately 20% of sodium hydroxideto which 5 has been added from 0.1 to 1.0% of an ether acid having the formula RO--R'COOH in which R is an aromatic, aliphatic, arylaliphatic or hydroaromatic hydrocarbon radical containing from two to ten carbon atoms and R is an ali- '4 0 phatic hydrocarbon radical containing from one to seven carbon atoms, and from 0.1 to 1.0% of a' quaternary ammonium base. '11. Theprocess which comprises treating a cellulosic material with a solution containing approximately 20% of sodium hydroxide to which has been added from 0.1 to 1.0% of heptoxyacetic acid and from 0.1 to,-1.0% of a quaternary ammonium base.
T2. The process which comprises treating a cellulosic material with a solution containing approximately 20% of sodium hydroxide to which has been addedfrom 0.1 to 1.0% of heptoxyacetic acid, and 0.1 to 1.0%.of trimethylbenzyl ammonium hydroxide.
13. The process which comprises treating a cotton fabric under tension with a solution of an alkali metal hydroxide to which has been added a carboxylic ether'acid said solution being of suflicient strength to exert a mercerizing action.
14. The process which comprises treating a cotton fabric under tension with a solution of an alkali metal hydroxide to which has been added a carboxylic ether acid and a quaternary ammonium base said solution being of sufiicient strength to exert a mercerizing action.
15. The process which comprises treating a cotton fabric under tension with a solution containing about 20% of sodiumhydroxide, to-which has been added from 0.1 to 1.0% of an ether acid having the formula R--ORCOOH, in which R is an aliphatic, aromatic, arylaliphatic or hydroaromatic hydrocarbon group containing from two to ten carbon atoms and R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing from one to seven carbon atoms. I
' 16. The process which comprises treating a cotton fabric under tension with a solution containing about 20% of sodium hydroxide, to which has been added from 0.1.to 1.0% of an ether acid having the formula RO--RCOOH, in which, R is an aliphatic, aromatic, arylaliphatic or hydroaromatic hydrocarbon group containing from two to ten carbon atoms and 'R' is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing from one to seven carbon atoms and from 0.1 to 1.0% of a quaternary ammonium base.
DONALD H. POWERS.
HAROLD W. STIEGLER.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US708967A US2076303A (en) | 1934-01-30 | 1934-01-30 | Mercerizing assistants |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US708967A US2076303A (en) | 1934-01-30 | 1934-01-30 | Mercerizing assistants |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2076303A true US2076303A (en) | 1937-04-06 |
Family
ID=24847928
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US708967A Expired - Lifetime US2076303A (en) | 1934-01-30 | 1934-01-30 | Mercerizing assistants |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2076303A (en) |
-
1934
- 1934-01-30 US US708967A patent/US2076303A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US2243765A (en) | Treatment of cellulosic textile materials | |
| US3493319A (en) | Esterification of cellulosic textiles with unsaturated long chain fatty acids in the presence of trifluoroacetic anhydride using controlled cellulose-acid-anhydride ratios | |
| US2164431A (en) | Production of etherg suitable as dis | |
| US3050419A (en) | Process for fixing aminoplasts in the wet state on cellulosic fibrous materials | |
| US2224293A (en) | Method of treating fabrics and other materials | |
| US2076303A (en) | Mercerizing assistants | |
| US2238672A (en) | Textile treatment | |
| US2174534A (en) | Chemical process | |
| US3536697A (en) | Process for improving the processability of refined cellulose pulp | |
| US2740759A (en) | Preparation for treating textile fibers and yarns | |
| US2272783A (en) | Agents for improving the fastness of directly dyed cellulose fibers to water, acid bol, and wet ironing, and their manufacture | |
| US2109295A (en) | Textile fabric and process of making the same | |
| US2008458A (en) | Process for increasing the wettingout power of alkaline lyes | |
| US3087775A (en) | Production of alkali-soluble cellulosic textile materials by the nitric acid treatment of partially etherified cottons | |
| US2191982A (en) | Water repellent textile material | |
| US2167914A (en) | Process of improving regenerated cellulose | |
| US4472166A (en) | Method for reforming cellulose fiber cloth | |
| US2033125A (en) | Chemical product | |
| US2990234A (en) | Production of strong, rot-resistant benzyl cellulose fibers | |
| US2114669A (en) | Treating textile material and product thereof | |
| Roff | 26—THE REACTION BETWEEN CELLULOSE AND AQUEOUS FORMALDEHYDE | |
| US2040795A (en) | Treatment of cotton goods | |
| US2442973A (en) | Treatment of textile material with alkaline cellulose zincate solutions | |
| US4242210A (en) | Process of preparing a finishing composition containing aziridine radicals used for reducing the shrinkage and felting of wood | |
| US3198597A (en) | Process for bleaching cotton with aqueous alkaline bleaching baths and the products obtained thereby |