US2064048A - Vibratory motor - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 15, 1936. y J. wHr-rE 2,064,048

vInA'ronY Moron Filed oct. 3, 1954 5 @tv INVENTOR /40 Jae W/LnltsA Patented Dec. 15, 1936 4UNITED STATES VIBRATORY MOTOR Joe White, Anderson, Ind., assigner to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a. corporation of Delaware Application October 3, 1934, Serial No. 746,668

6 Claims'.

This invention relates to vibratory motors for horns or sound signals for power vehicles andv more particularly to the type of vibratory motors used in sound signal which employs a diaphragm in which the vibrations of the diaphragm is eiected by an armature connected therewith and operated by two electromagnets. located on each side of the armature.

In certain aspects, the present invention con- 10 stitutes an improvement over the apparatus described and claimed in the copending application of Robert M. Critchfield and Joe White, Serial No. 721,263, led April 19, 1934. In that application there is disclosed a diaphragm horn which is positively actuated in each direction of its oscillations by electromagnets which operate alternately to attract an armature which is connected with the diaphragm. In order that one of the electromagnets of said application will operate upon the armature ahead of the other electromagnet so that the armature can be started oscillating, one of the electromagnet windings is connected directly with a source of current by a manually operated switch or horn button but the .other electromagnet is connectedthrough a relay switchmaving an electromagnetic winding in which the building up of current is delayed due to the reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the relay switch. The apparatus disclosed in said copending application is therefore dependent for its operation upon the fact that more time elapses between the closing of the manually operated switch and the complete energization of the horn motor electromagnet in circuit with the electromagnetic relay than between the closing of said switch and the complete energization of the horn motor electromagnet which is directly connected with the current source.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an improvement in the apparatus disclosed in the application above referred to by providing means whereby only one of the horn motor electromagnets is caused to operate upon the closing of the manually operated vswitch or horn button, the other of the horn motor electromagnets being prevented from being energized until the diaphragm has moved in one direction of its oscillatory movement. /Irnother words the present invention provides that, when the horn button is closed onlyI one of two horn diaphragm operating magnets will be effective to cause the diaphragm to move'in one direction. This movement of the diaphragm in one direction causes the magnet which pulls it in that direction to become inoperative and to cause the other electromagnet to be effective to pull the diaphragm in the opposite direction. Likewise, C when the secondmentioned electromagnet has moved the diaphragm in the opposite or second mentioned direction to a certain extent, then the second mentioned electromagnet will be rendered inoperative and the first mentioned electromagnet operative to move the diaphragm in the direction iirst mentioned. In this way the diaphragm is positively operated in both direc- 10 -invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, wherein a preferred embodiment of the present invention is clearly shown.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a horn or sound signal embodying the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a wiring diagram showing the electrical-circuits included in the present invention.

Referring to Fig. l, 20 designates a frame having a circular flange 2| to which the peripheral edges of a diaphragm 22 and of a collar 23 are attached by bolts 24 and nuts 25. The collar 23 is provided with an internally threaded annular boss 26 which receives an externally threaded bushing 21 having an hexagonal head 21a and surrounding and attached to a horn projector or trumpet 28, the bell-shaped outlet of which is not shown. It will be noted that the diaphragm 22 is normally relatively close to the 35 inside wall of the collar 23 and that the diaphragm is shaped so as to conform substantially to the contour of this inside wall. Therefore, as` the diaphragm 22 is operated it operates to place the air between it and the collar 23 under a rela- 40 tively high state of compression so that the air in the trumpet 28 will be set vigorously into a state of vibration.

The frame 20 adjustably supports a plurality of brackets, not shown. These brackets are 45 riveted to opposite sides of laminated. magnet frames or cores 35 and 38. The magnet Iframes 35 and 38 carry windings 40 and 4I respectively, as shown in Fig. 1.

The electromagnet 35, 40 and the electromag- 50 net 38, 4I each cooperate with a common armature 42 mounted upon a rod 43 made from a hexagonal stock bar and having a reduced cylindrical portion 43a which passes through the diaphragm 22 and washers 44 and 45 and which 55 .in Fig. 1. 'nections between the brackets 62 and 92 respece n cooperating with a nut .om 22 between the washa threaded o clamp the s t and o and the sho1 has a redt extends tbrou washers an The portion ynora-litre 42, a sleeve 48, leaf spring member 5|. eaded to receive a nut nich causes Washer 50,

spring eeve 48 and diaphragm to be ci i :es: said nut 52 and a shoulder In this Way the rod ties toget g 'the arm ture 42 the diap tion. By the magnet as to -obLn magnet f desired spaced relaeans, not shown, ii can be adjusted so ir gaps between the The with U-shaped brackets ort opposite ends of the sprl nds being fastened thereto by s which secure to said brackets respec V" s oars 64 and 85. Screws not sho to the bar 64 one end of a pair o p and the ends of a flexible plate not shown, secure to the the ofthe bars 68, and the ends of a The flexible plates and lar circuit br the magnet w1 The circuit b aller for controlling the winding uit comprises a tationary Contact 80 and a movable Contact attached respectively to a rigid bracket and a flexible blade 83. An insulating strip Si is located between the bracket 82 and the blade Gt, and these parts are secured to the exible plate l@ by rivets 85. As shown in Fig. l the bracket 82 and blade 83 are insulated from each other and the blade 83 is insulated from the plate 1D. The insulating strip 84 extends slightly beyond the free end of the blade 83 so that it may be engaged by a washer 86 carried by the rod 43 and adjustably secured thereon by nuts 8l and B8 which are threaded on breaker for controlling the magnet winding 4| comprises a stationary contact 90 and a movable contact 9i carried respectively by bracket 92 and a flexible blade 93. A non-conducting strip 94 is located between the bracket 92 and the blade 93 and extends a little beyond the end of the blade 93 to be engaged by the washer 86. The bracket 92, the strip 94 and the blade 93 are attached to the flexible plate 13 by rivets 95, the blade 93 being insulated from the bracket 92. The circuit breakers may be bodily adjusted, by any suitable adjusting means, relative to the Washer 86 in order that the separation of the contact 8| from the contact 80 may be effected at the proper time during movement of the armature 42 toward the left as viewed in Fig. l. Thus the relation of the strip 94 relative to the washer 86 may be adjusted in order that the separation of contact 90 from" contact 9| may take'place in the proper instant during the travel of the armature 42 toward the right as viewed The screws not shown provide contively with ground. This ground connection is caused `through the 'frame of the horn which is mounted upon metallic parts of the vehicle to which the. current source,y and horn button or manually operable switchv |3|, |32, |33 are grounded, as shown in the diagram of Fig. 2.

Contact |33.

Referring now to Fig. 2, the ground connections of brackets 82 and 92 are indicated at |82 and |92 respectively. The washer 86 is not shown in Fig. 2 but its equivalent is represented by the lugs 86a extending from the armature 42. A storage battery grounded at |2| connected by a wire |22 with pivot |23 of `an armature |24 is normally held by spring |25 against a stop |26. The armature |24 carries a contact |21 engageable with a stationary contact |28. Pivot |23 is connected with a relay winding |29 surrounding a core in magnetic relation with the armature |24. Winding |29 is connected with a contact |3| of a horn button switch comprising a grounded stationary contact |32 and a movable contact |33 for'bridging the contacts i3| and |32. A spring |34 normally maintains the contact |33 out of engagement with the contacts |3| and |32. The contact |33 is moved into switch closing position by pressing a nonoonducting button |35 which carries the movable Wire |36 connects the contact |28 with the magnet winding which is connected by wire |31 with the blade B3 and with a rsistance unit |38 which forms a parallel circuit with respect to the contacts 80 and 8| and with respect to the contacts 90 and 9|.v Magnet winding 4| is connected by wire |39 with the resistance |38 and with the blade 93 and is connected by a Wire |40 with a relay contact |4| which cooperates with a movable contact |42 carried by an armature |43 pivoted at |44 and normally urged against a stop |45 by a spring |46. Wire |41 .connects the armature |43 with wire |36.

Armature |43 cooperates with an electromagnet y,

with a core |48 and a magnet winding |49 grounded at and connected by a Wire |5| to wire |31. In the mid-position or normal position of the washer 86, it is spaced preferably about .O10 inch from the strips 84 and 94. Therefore during a right hand movement of armature 42.contacts 80, 8| close before contacts 90, 9| open; and, during a left hand vmovement of armature 42, contacts 90, 9| close before contacts 80, 8| open.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: When it is desired to sound the horn the operator Closes the switch |3|, |32 and |33 by pressing the button |35 thereby causing current to flow from the battery |20 to the relay winding |29 thereby causing the armature |24 to be attracted thereby bringing contact |21 into engagement with contact |28 whereupon current will flow through the wire |36, the horn magnet winding 40, blade 83, contact 8|, contact 80, bracket 82 and ground |82. Relay Winding |49 being short circuited by contacts 80 and 8|, contact |42 will remain separated from the contact |4|, therefore no current will flow through the winding 4|. Consequently the armature 42 will move toward the left toward the magnet frame 35 thereby causing the diaphragm 22 to be moved toward the left as viewed in Fig. 1. After the armature 42 has traveled toward the left a certain distance, contact 8| will be separated from Contact l0 thereby causing the short circuit of therelay magnet winding |49 to be interrupted. Some of the current which then flows through the horn magnet winding 40 will flow to ground through the relay winding |49 and also to ground through the resistance |38 and contacts 9| and 80. The separation of contact 8| from the contact 8l causes less current to flow through the winding 40 due to the added resistance of the circuit which includes resistance unit |38 in parallel with rethrough contacts |21 and |28 and contacts |42 and |4| and receives its full supply of current. Then the armature 42 will be attracted toward the right toward the magnet frame 38 thereby causing the diaphragm 22 to move toward the right as viewed in Fig. 1. During movement of the armature 42 toward the right the contact 8| will reengage with the contact 80 and the contact 9| will be separated from the contact 90. will cause a substantial reduction in the flow of current through the winding 4| and a substantial increase in the flow of current through the winding 4|), whereupon the armature 42 and diaphragm 22 will swing toward the left. Hence the diaphragm will continue to oscillate so long as the button |35 is pressed to maintain the switch |3|, |32, |33 closed.

The relay contacts |4|, |42 remain closed so long as the switch |3|, |32, |33 is held closed for the reason that the magnetic reluctance of the relay parts |43, |48 is so great that there is not sufficient time for the relay to become demagnetized between the time of the closing and the opening of contacts 8| and 80 while the diaphragm 22 is vibrating. To provide relatively high reluctance the core |48 is made of solid steel.

It is therefore apparent that the circuits are so arranged that, when the horn button or switch is closed, the armature can be attracted by only one of the horn magnets, the other one being nonoperative until after the iirst magnet referred to has caused the armature to swing suiiiciently to give the proper movement to the diaphragm. There is no likelihood that both magnets can be operative at the same time and the horn fail to sound as a consequence.

Obviously, the wire |22 might he directly connected with the wires IllG and Ml by a manually operable switch instead of the relay switch shown. A relay switch is preferable since it is not always desirable to carry a relatively heavy current through the relatively small manually operated switch which is usually mounted on lthe upper end of the steering column of the vehicle.

It is therefore apparent that the present invention provides means operable in response to the closing of the control switch for effecting the energization of only one magnet of the horn motor, in combination with circuit making and breaking devices which operate in response to This electromagnets, a main operating switch for con-l necting a current source with the electromagnets, a pair of normally closed circuit breakers, means cooperating with the circuit breakers for causing the magnets to be energized alternately, and means cooperating therewith for withholding energizing current from one of the electromagnets until after the other of said electromagnets has become'operative.

2. An electrical system for a sounding signal,

. comprising in combination, a pair, of opposed electromagnets, an armature located between said electromagnets and arranged to be attracted 4in opposite directions thereby, a main controlling switch for connecting the magnets with a source of current, a pair of normally closed circuit breakers operated alternately by the movement of the armature for causing the magnets to be alternately atected to attract the armature, and means cooperating therewith for preventing the energization of one of the magnets until after the other of said magnets has been eiiective to attract the armature a certain distance.

3. An electrical system. for a sounding signal, comprising in combination, a pair of opposed electromagnets, an armature located between said electromagnets and arranged ,to be attracted in opposite directions thereby, a main switch, circuit breakers operated alternately by the armature controlling circuits whereby the magnets are rendered alternately operative, and a normally open relay switch for controlling the circuit of -one of the magnets and having a relay magnet winding normally inoperative and rendered operative by a certain movement of the armature produced by the operation oi thc other of the electromagnets.

4. An electrical system for a sounding signal, comprising in combination, a pair of opposed electromagnets, an armature located between the electromagnets and arranged to be attracted in opposite directions thereby, a main switch, a pair of independent circuit breakers normally closed and adapted to be operated alternately by the armature controlling circuits whereby the magnets are rendered alternately operative, and a resistance and a normally open relay switch operatively associated with one another for controlling the circuit of one of the magnets, said relay having a magnet winding normally inoperative and rendered operative by a certain movement of the armature produced by the operation or the other of the electromagnets.

5. An electrical system for a sounding signal, comprising in combination, a pair of opposed electromagnets, an armature located between the electromagnets and arranged to be attracted in opposite directions thereby, a main switch, a pair of independent circuit breakers normally closed and adapted to be operated alternately by the armature controlling circuits whereby the magnets are rendered alternately operative, and a resistance and an electro-responsive device operatively associated with one another, said electroresponsive device being inoperative upon closing of the main switch for controlling the circuit of one of the magnets and operative upon a certain movement of the armature produced by the operation of the other of the magnets.

6. An electrical system for a sounding signal, comprising in combination, a current source, a pair of opposed electromagnets, an armature located between4 the electromagnets and arranged to be attracted in opposite directions thereby, a

in l 1 eeeroresponsive device opera.- eectroz'espensve devise being operative upon tively with. "che main switch and Chasing 0f the main switch wecone et the adapted to eonem'; t 1e 1 -signets with the current magnets in a, ceut 'm attract soul-ee, e'cut @mated alternately by Jche relay swtc' l the armate circuits whereby the ing of the L 'f to the other mag mentioned magn certain distan-2e.

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