US2062511A - Method for creating aerial effects - Google Patents

Description

1936- J. c. HADDOCK ET AL 7,062,511

METHOD FOR CREATING AERIAL EFFECTS Filed Nov. 20, 1953 2 I I 2,8 'l

:2 47 M Z5 i4 3m entor John aHaddo/ak zany-man 'Janvtlle fi/Mflm 4- Ottomeg Patented Dec. 1, 1936 2.003.511 METHOD ran cnEA'rmG scam. Emc'rs John C. Haddock; Wilkes-Barre, Pa., and Zantiord D. Granville, Springfield, Mass; Alta M. Granville administratrix otsaid Zantiord D.

Granville, deceased Original application April is, 1932, Serial No.

605,070. Divided and this application November 20, 1933, Serial No. 700,180

2 Claims. (01. 40-127) The present application is a divisional applica- 'tion of the earlier case, Serial No, 605,070.

Although this invention relates particularly to methods of advertising in the air, it isnot the purpose of the applicants to limit it to such.

-It has beenfound impractical to use the ex-,

haust gases alone to produce a dense or sumciently permanent smoke cloud or to use a. separate apparatus to form and emit the clouds oi smoke, so we have provided an. apparatus and method for creating this smoke effect that is v superior to any known. One of-the objects used in our method of creating this effect is to provide an apparatus that can be conveniently installed -in.any airplane and to render the sameeasilyaccessible to the control -of the driver.I

'Another object of: our invention-is toprovide' inthis apparatusaneedle control valve ap roxie mately at the injection jetitself.- The advan-- tage of having the control located at this point eliminateslag in' the-emitting ofsmoke, when; pressed, inasmuchas the oilhas a very short distance' to travel before it vaporizes. r In addition, the shutting ofl of the fuel inthis fashion prevents the drippingof oilinto the-- exhaust pipe. In the absence of thisltypeof shut-.ofl, the smoke apparatuswill cause a raggedstream of smoke .to train the main column after the control hasbeen shut ofl xfThis smudge'of 1 trailing smoke is prevalent on all other types or injection systems and, of course, is fatalto good skywr iting. The shut-oifmust be clean; so with this apparatus it is possible to write dots and L dashes which are absolutely perfect and vwhich have no connecting stringsofsmokewhich tend to mar the clearness-of'each mark.

Anotherobject of our invention is to'have, at' all times, a constant pressure at the nozzle. This constant'pressure is createdby means. Man oil' pump" which will rapidly draw the liquid from the tank and thoroughly mix the oilwith any appropriate chemical and will keep the two vthoroughly mixed at all times. This eliminates the necessity of mixing material before placing it in the tank. 7

Another object of our invention is .to provide a needle control valve and jet assembly which 0 is'cap'able of convenient removal, cleaning and replacing of a jet ina short space of time, In

I most types of assembly'thedack of convenient accessibility has proven very detrimental.

The invention will be'best understood-from 2 -55 further description with reference tofthe attached drawing illustrating a practical embodiment of the same.

Referring to the drawing:

Figure 1 represents an airplane with the smoke producing apparatus attached thereto. 6

Figure 2 is a section and elevation of the various parts of the apparatus.

Figure'3 is a detailed sectional view. of the nozzle attachment.

Figure 4 is an elevation of the smoke control 10 lever.

Referring to Figure 1, we have shown an airplane III with the smoke producing apparatus attached thereto. Referring, to Figure 2 which shows the apparatus in detail, we have provided a 15 tank for the supply'of smoke-producing fluid, vthe tank I lhaving vent l2 and a replenishing inlet l3. We have placed an oil pump M, which is preferably drivenby the airplane engine, between the pressure regulating valve and the tank 2 which continually draws the fluid from the tank through the inlet pipe to the passage l'l in the pressure relief valve l5 and then through the pipe |8 to the passage |0-in the needle control valve 20. 25

The needle control valve comprises a chamber 2| provided with an interior flange 22 adapted to retain the spring 23. The chamber 2| is adapted to. receive the needle shaft 24, said shaft having integrally attached thereto the spring 30 seat .25. The needle 24 is controlled by the cable 26 and attached to the cable as at 21 and 123.

We have provided'a valve seat 29 for the needle valve -24 which when raised by the pull on the 1 cable 26 by the operator allows the fluid to flow 5 from the passage i9 into the chamber 2| then through the passage 30 in the nozzle attaching bolt 3| and then out through the jets 32 in the lower part of the nozzle 33, to be then vaporized by the heat in the exhaust gases-in the exhaust o 34 of the plane l0.

The nozzle 33 has an enlarged portion 35 which is flanged at 30 and has a passage 31 which connects with the passage 30in the nozzle attaching bolt 3 1.

v The exhaust pipe 34 is provided withan opening 38 adapted to receive the nozzle 33 and the metal is turned upward and externally threaded at 39 and is engaged by the internal threads of the nut 40. The nut 40 is flanged at 4| secures 5 the fiange'42 of the nozzle attaching bolt 3| to the flange 36 of the nozzle 33 and the uptumed member of theexhaust pipe 34. f Upon the releaseof the cable 26 by the operatorthe spring23seats the needle 24 in the 2 needle seat 28 and shuts oi! the flow of the smoke producing fluid almost instantly due to the close proximity of the needle 24 to the nozzle 33 in the to the continuous drawing of the fluid from the tank I l by the pump l4, the fluid flows up through the passage 43.raising the ball 44 against the action of the spring 45 and out through the passage 46 into the return pipe 41 and then back into the tank I I. The pressure is regulated by means of the adjusting screw 48 and is registered by means of any suitable pressure gauge 43 which is located on the dashboard as at 50.

Ordinarily, the needle control 24 is seated by the spring 23 and is released by the manipulation by the operator of the lever 5 i (see Fig. 4) which is located on a control stick 52 oi the plane levers attached to the stick 52 by means of the screws 53. Integrally attached to the lever BI is a tube 54; adapted to receive the cable 28 and is secured as'at 55.

Located below the fuselage and just back of the exhaust pipe 34 is a powerful searchlight 56, so positioned as to permit the dense clouds of smoke emitting from the exhaust pipe to flow over and around and permitting the beam of light from the searchlight to be cast upon the dense clouds of smoke while flying through the air regardless of the speed of the plane.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows:

Prior to the operation of the device to pro-' duce a meteor or comet effect while the plane is in flight, the pump which operates with themgine of the plane is continuously drawing the liquid from the tank and drawing it to the pressure regulating valve. The needle control valve being normally closed'prevents the flow of the liquid through the pipe l8, the pressure thereby opening the ball valve 44 and permitting the,

liquid to return to the tank ll through the outlet passage 46 and the return passage 41.

The above described operation insures a complete mixture of the oil or other liquid and any suitable chemical for producing a smoke effect. If so desired, the chemical may be introduced for imparting a suitable color to the smoke stream.

The operator of the plane while flying at night, wishes to create a meteor or comet eflect, manipulates the control stick lever 5| which releases the needle control from its seat, which allows the liquid to flow through the small opening be-' low the valve seat, and then through the passage 30 and 21 into the nozzle 33, and then through the jets 32 into the exhaust pipe where it becomes vaporized and then passes out of the exhaust opening in the form of a heavy smokelike vapor to be eventually illuminated by the rays of the searchlight.

The oil pump permits of a high pressure ,at all times, and is controlled by a relief valve and a pressure gauge, which may be adjusted by means of the pressureadjusting screw 48.

When the needle control is seated, the flow of-the liquid is stopped and as the oil pump continues to force the liquid through the pressure regulating valve, the liquid no longer escapes ithrough the injection valve and so a back presor meteor.

sure results, thereby raising the ball nmia seat and so returns through the passage 43 j through the return pipe and the fluid tank, and

at the same time registers pressure on the gauge a Calling your attention to the location of the needle. control 23, the close proximity of the needle'to the outlet no'mle prevents and eliminates any lag in the shutting off of the flow of the liquid. Because of the short distance the liquid has to-travel before vaporizing, it allows no raggedstream of smoke to train the main column after the flow has beenshut off. With this clean shut off, it is possible to write absolutely a perfect dots and dashes with no connecting strings of smoke whatever. I

This method makes an .ideal,installation for sky writing, laying a smoke screen, or when using it at night with a very powerful searchlight. This method of placing the searchlight inside the stream of smoke will give forth the appearance of a huge ball of me shooting across the sky, resembling very closely a huge shooting star column of smoke and gives it a reddish glow, resembling very closely a terriflcally hot ball of flre at the lightand gradually diminishing into what appears to be a sheet of flame several hundred feet in the rear of the ship.

,The coloring of the smoke may be accomplished by the use of any sulphur dye of reddish tint which would not be decomposed by the heat of the exhaust pipe. This would give the smoke a very red glow. If another color would be desired, such -as green, the use of barium nitrate in finely divided form may be mixed intimately with the oil, and when the charge is flred bythe exhaust gases the vapor will have a brilliant green appearance. Similarly, other striking colors may be produced by the selection of suitable materials.

As the invention may be applied with various of planes without departing from its spirit and scope, the appended claims are not intended to limit the same to the speciflc form disclosed.

The rays of light are reflected in the modifications to the various forms of construction Having thus described our invention, what we claim is new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. The method of producing a meteor or comet effect in the air, with an aircraft, which consists of providing a light.beam, generating a smokelike substance in close proximity to the source of said light beam, discharging said smoke-like substance in an elongated comparative continuous stream adjacent one end of said beam, and illuminating said stream with same beam of light by directing the same in a beam coincident therewith.

2. The 'method of producing a meteor or comet eflect in the air, with an aircraft, which consists of providing a light beam, generating a smokelike substance in close proximity to the source of said light beam, intermittently discharging said smoke-like substance in an elongated stream adjacent one end of said beam and illuminating said stream with said beam of light by directing the .same in a beam coincident therewith.

JOHN C. I IADDOCK. ZANTFORD D. GRANVILLE.

Images