US2055733A - Refrigeration structure - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 29, 1936.

REFRIGERATION STRUCTURE Filed March 26, 1934 4 sheets-sheet 3 R. T. SMITH 2,055,733

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Sept. 29, 1936. I R, T SMlTH 2,055,733

REFRGERATION STRUCTURE Filed March 26, 1934 A4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Sept. 29, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,055,133 REFRIGERATION STRUCTURE tion of Michigan Application March 26, 1934, Serial No. '117,516

12 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in refrigeration structure and, more particularly, to refrigeration apparatus of the cyclic absorption type.

.An object is to provide an assembly, the components of which are disposed to provide a maximum of efciency in operation and -at the same time are conveniently arranged. A further object is to provide an assembly that is simple and inexpensive to construct and durable an-d reliable in operation.

In general, the system comprises a generatorabsorber, a condenser, an evaporator, a freezing unit, and a generator heating unit. One feature of the improved construction is the provision of a generator in the rear of the cabinet, a heating unit below the generator and. the cabinet,

and means to readily withdraw and replace the heating unit in its proper position below the generator. A. further feature is the disposition of the condenser tank within the cabinet walls, the cabinet walls preferably comprising solid sheet panels extending from the base of the cabinet to the top of the condenser tank.

rThe general principles of operation of the type of refrigeration to which this invention relates are well lsnown and a brief description of the basic yprinciples will suce. The system is substantially a closed one and in operation the gen-' erators are preferably filled with a solution of aqua ammonia. When the heaters are burning, the ammonia rises in vapor form to the watercooled condenser where the vapor is cooled, condensed and ows in liquid state to the evaporators below. ln the second stage of the cycle, the absorption period, the burners are oii and when the generator cools with a resultant pressure drop, the Water therein absorbs the ammonia vapor, reducing the pressure in the evaporator and permitting the liquid ammonia therein to evaporate, thereby cooling the evaporator and eventually freezing the brine in the freezing unit below the evaporator. A further feature of the present invention is the provision of means for preventing a pumping action or spilling over in the liquid overflow line during the cooling cycle.

@ther features and advantages will appear in the course o' the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in whichy Figure l is a view partly in front elevation and partly in section along lines i-l of Fig, 2; Fig. 2, a vertical sectional View along line 2-2 of Figs. l and 3;.4 Fig. 3, a vertical sectional view along (Cl. G2-118) line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a horizontal sectional view along line 4-4 of Fig. 2; and Fig. 5, an enlarged sectional view of the evaporator and freezing unit taken along the line 5-5 of Fig. l..

Referring to the drawings, the improved apparatus includes a cabinet, indicated generally at A; a removable heating unit B disposed beneath the cabinet; a generator-absorber device C above said heating unita/a water-cooled condenser D within said cabinet; an evaporator E disposed below the condenser D and connected thereto;

. and a freezing unit F below said evaporator.

The cabinet A is an insulated box fr equipped with side walls t comprising single sheets of metal extending from the base of the box to the top ofy the condenser tank, a detachable top l, a door 8 and legs 9. To the rear of the cabinet and spaced therefrom a generator-housing charnber iilis detachably secured to the cabinet, for example, the generator chamber may be secured to the cabinet by bolts itln and wing nuts mi. The generator-absorber device preferably comprises a pair of cylindrical tanks i t and i la hori- Zontally disposed one above the other in the lower part of the chamber lil. The contents of the generator may circulate freely therebetween by means of the conduits lib.

The generator heating unit B, disposed beneath the generator il, is equipped with a carriage frame i2 slidably mounted on rails it suspended from the bottom of the cabinet. The unit comprises heaters ill and a fuel supply iii. A handle it is secured to a forward portion of the unit and extends tothe front of the cabinet where its forward end i6 may be retained in the spring catch il at the bottom of. the cabinet front. The length of the handle is such that when it is secured in its catch, the heaters it are properly disposed beneath the generator i i.

Returning to the generator-absorber structure, it is to be noted that the tanks lli and it are preferably equipped with heat-conducting fins it and the wall of the generator chamber adjacent the cabinet with a shield i9. The shield houses and carries in its lower portion a generator trap overiiow pipe 20 discharging into a lower portion of the generator il.

A vapor return conduit 2i leads upwardly from a lower portion of the generator il through the upper generator vessel through a trap 22 and header 22a, disposed one above the other, and forms a U-shaped bend .iln at the top of the chamber I0. An inner vapor rectifier tube 23 surrounding the conduit 2l extends from the top of the upper generator tank Ila into the gentherefrom, but the appended claims should be construed as broadly as permissible, in view of the prior art. l

What I regard as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. Refrigeration apparatus oi the type described comprising a generator-absorber device; a generator trap; generator heating means; a condenser; an evaporator; a cabinet housing said condenser and evaporator; a chamber removably secured to said cabinet housing said generator- 'absorber device and generator trap; a shield Within said chamber and interposed between said cabinet and generator device; and a generator trapoverow carried by said shield.

2. Refrigeration apparatus of the type described comprising a generator; a condenser; an insulated compartment; an evaporator including a receiving tank within said compartment; a freezing unit having evaporator coils originating in said receiving tank; a vapor return conduit from said receiving tank to said generator; and a liquid supply line from said condenser emptying into said vapor return conduit substantially above the receiving tank and without said compartment.

3. In refrigeration structure of the type described, a generator absorber; a condenser; an evaporator including receiving means; freezing means having evaporator coils depending from said receiving means and terminating in a manifold; a vapor return conduit from said evaporator to said generator; an expansion tube opening into said vapor return conduit; a liquid by-pass; and an overflow line from said manifold to said expansion tube, said line leading through a cool section of said evaporator.

4. In refrigeration structure of the type described, a generator-absorber; a condenser; an evaporator including receiving tanks; freezing means including evaporator coils depending from said tanks and terminating in a sump; a vapor return conduit from the upper section of one of said receiver tanksK to said generator presenting a U-shaped portion rising above said receiving tanks and generator; and a sump overflow and expansion line said overflow draining into s'aid vapor conduit on the generator side of said U above the evaporator. y

5. In refrigeration structure of the type described, a generator-absorber; a condenser; an

' evaporator `including receiving tanks; freezing means including evaporator coils depending from said tanks and terminating in a sump; a vapor return conduit from the upper section of one of said receiver tanks tosaid generator presenting a. U-shaped portion rising above said receiving tanks and generator; a sump overflow and expansion line passing through a cold portion of said evporator means; and a liquid by-pass from said expansion line entering said vapor conduit approximately at a level with the top of said receiving tanks.

6. Refrigeration apparatus of the Ytype described comprising a generator: a condenser; an insulated compartment; an evaporator within said compartment; a vapor return conduit from said evaporator to said generator; and a liquid supply line from said condenser emptying into said vapor return conduit above said evaporator without said compartment, whereby said liquid` flows into said evaporator.

7. In refrigeration structure of the type described `a generator; a condenser; an evaporator; an overow line from the bottom of said evaporotor to said generator, said overflow line rising above the level of the top of the evaporator and having an expanded portion therein in the portion thereof rising from said evaporator; and a liquid by-pass outlet from said expanded portion.

8. In refrigeration structure of the type deu scribed, a generator; a condenser; an evaporator; a vapor return line from said evaporator to said generator; an overflow tube from the bottom of said evaporator to a point in the vapor return line above said evaporator, said overiiow tube havin7 an expanded portionv therein whereby vapor entrained with liquid separates from said liquid; and a liquid luy-pass :from said expanded portion below the top thereof, whereby Asaid en panded portion is prevented from completely niif ing with. liquid.

9. In refrigeration structure of the type described, a generator; a condenser; an insulated `said generator; a vapor return conduit from the top of said evaporator to said generator, said vapor return conduit rising above the top of said evaporator; and a pipe from the bottom of said condenser emptying into said vapor return conduit without said compartment at a point above said evaporator and adjacent thereto.

10. In refrigeration structure of the type described, a generator; a condenser; an insulated compartment; an evaporator in said compartment; a vapor return conduit from the top o1' said evaporator to said generator, said conduit presenting an inverted 'U-shaped portion rising above said evaporator; and a connection from said condenser to the side of said U-shaped portion connected to said evaporator, said connection being without said compartment.

11. In refrigeration structure of the type described, a generator; a condenser; an evaporator; a vapor return conduit from the top of said evaporator to said generator presenting an invertedportion to a point in said vapor return conduit above said overilow.

12. In refrigeration structure of the type described, a cabinet; a generator of substantially cylindrical shape, said generator being mounted i at the back of said cabinet; a condenser; an evaporator; operative connections between said generator, condenser, and evaporator; a generator heating unit; supporting means therefor, `said means being so constructed and arranged that said heating unit may be withdrawn to theA front of said cabinet and returned to its operative position Ybeneath said generator in'a direction vsubstantially perpendicular to the axis of said generator; a handle member attached to said supporting means and extending therefrom to the front of said cabinet when said heating unit is in its operative position; and latch means at the front of said cabinet adapted to engage said handle when said heating unit has been returned to its operative position, whereby said heating unit is properly disposed beneath said generator.

RUSSELL T. SMITH.

Sept 29, 1935 c. H. sPARKLlN SUCTION CLEANER E4 sheets-sheet 1 Filed DeC. 2l, 1955

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